高考英語 考前100天沖刺 專題6 動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞短語課件
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1、六、動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞短語 動(dòng)詞詞義辨析動(dòng)詞詞義辨析1. (2012湖北湖北21)Two lawyers have donated $50, 000 to _ our schools campaign “Help the Needy”, which was started by our former headmaster three years ago. A. sponsor B. launch C. organize D. plan【解析解析】選選A??疾閯?dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:兩名律師捐贈(zèng)了五。考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:兩名律師捐贈(zèng)了五萬美元來資助我校的前任校長(zhǎng)在三年前發(fā)起的萬美元來資助我校的前任校長(zhǎng)在
2、三年前發(fā)起的“幫助有需要的幫助有需要的人人”這一運(yùn)動(dòng)。這一運(yùn)動(dòng)。sponsor資助,贊助;資助,贊助;launch發(fā)射;發(fā)射;organize組組織;織;plan計(jì)劃。捐錢當(dāng)然應(yīng)該是計(jì)劃。捐錢當(dāng)然應(yīng)該是“資助資助”,所以正確選項(xiàng)為,所以正確選項(xiàng)為A。2. (2012湖北湖北22)Finally, my thanks go to my tutor, who has offered a lot of suggestions and comments on my paper and _ every page of my draft. A. approved B. quoted C. polished
3、 D. folded【解析解析】選選C??疾閯?dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:最后,我要感謝我。考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:最后,我要感謝我的導(dǎo)師,他為我的論文提供了很多建議和看法并且潤(rùn)色了我的的導(dǎo)師,他為我的論文提供了很多建議和看法并且潤(rùn)色了我的每一頁草稿。每一頁草稿。approve同意;同意;quote引用;引用;polish修改,潤(rùn)色;修改,潤(rùn)色;fold折疊。根據(jù)句意可知正確選項(xiàng)為折疊。根據(jù)句意可知正確選項(xiàng)為C。3. (2012天津天津13)Parents and children should communicate more to _ the gap between them so that the
4、y can understand each other better. A. open B. narrow C. widen D. leave【解析解析】選選B??疾閯?dòng)詞辨析。句意:父母和孩子應(yīng)該多交流,??疾閯?dòng)詞辨析。句意:父母和孩子應(yīng)該多交流,以縮小他們間的隔閡,以便他們能更好地相互理解。以縮小他們間的隔閡,以便他們能更好地相互理解。open敞開;敞開;narrow縮小,使變窄;縮小,使變窄;widen變寬;變寬;leave留下。根據(jù)句意選留下。根據(jù)句意選B。4. (2012浙江浙江12)According to scientists, our mental abilities begin
5、 to _ from the age of 27 after reaching the highest level at 22. A. differ B. shrink C. fail D. decline【解析解析】選選D??疾閯?dòng)詞辨析。句意:據(jù)科學(xué)家所說,我們的??疾閯?dòng)詞辨析。句意:據(jù)科學(xué)家所說,我們的智力在智力在22歲時(shí)達(dá)到高峰,在歲時(shí)達(dá)到高峰,在27歲后開始下降。歲后開始下降。differ不同,相不同,相異;異;shrink收縮,減少;收縮,減少;fail失敗,失靈,不及格;失敗,失靈,不及格;decline拒絕,拒絕,下降,衰落。下降,衰落。5. (2012新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷3
6、5)If she doesnt want to go, nothing you can say will _ her. A. persuade B. promiseC. invite D. support【解析解析】選選A。考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意:如果她不想去,你說什。考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意:如果她不想去,你說什么也不能勸服她。么也不能勸服她。persuade勸服;勸服;promise許諾;許諾;invite邀請(qǐng);邀請(qǐng);support支持,贍養(yǎng)。由句意可知選支持,贍養(yǎng)。由句意可知選A。6. (2012江西江西30)We were all agreed that the cottage would _
7、a perfect holiday home for the family. A. make B. turn C. take D. have【解析解析】選選A??疾閯?dòng)詞辨析。句意:我們都一致同意這個(gè)村??疾閯?dòng)詞辨析。句意:我們都一致同意這個(gè)村舍會(huì)成為一家人度假的完美家園。舍會(huì)成為一家人度假的完美家園。A項(xiàng)意為項(xiàng)意為“造就,成為造就,成為”;B項(xiàng)意為項(xiàng)意為“變成變成(另一種狀態(tài)另一種狀態(tài))”;C項(xiàng)意為項(xiàng)意為“帶走帶走”;D項(xiàng)意為項(xiàng)意為“擁有擁有”,應(yīng)為,應(yīng)為“人人”作主語。作主語。7. (2011新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷34)William found it increasingly diffi
8、cult to read,for his eyesight was beginning to _ . A. disappear B. fall C. fail D. damage【解析解析】選選C。考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:威廉發(fā)現(xiàn)讀書越來??疾閯?dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:威廉發(fā)現(xiàn)讀書越來越難,因?yàn)樗囊暳φ_始變?nèi)酢T诫y,因?yàn)樗囊暳φ_始變?nèi)?。disappear“消失消失”;fall“落落下,下,(數(shù)量數(shù)量數(shù)目數(shù)目)下降下降”;fail“(指健康指健康)衰退,變?nèi)?,消失衰退,變?nèi)?,消失”;damage“毀壞毀壞”。8. (2011遼寧遼寧22)What are you doing out of be
9、d, Tom? Youre _ to be asleep. A. supposed B. known C. thought D. considered【解析解析】選選A??疾閯?dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:湯姆,你起床干什??疾閯?dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:湯姆,你起床干什么?你本該是在睡覺的。么?你本該是在睡覺的。be supposed to do sth. 應(yīng)該做某事,應(yīng)該做某事,而且側(cè)重的是而且側(cè)重的是“別人認(rèn)為主語應(yīng)該做別人認(rèn)為主語應(yīng)該做”,符合句意;,符合句意;know“知道,了解知道,了解”;think“認(rèn)為認(rèn)為”;consider“認(rèn)為認(rèn)為”。9. (2011遼寧遼寧24)You are old en
10、ough to _ your own living. A. win B. gain C. take D. earn【解析解析】選選D。考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:你已經(jīng)足夠大來獨(dú)??疾閯?dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:你已經(jīng)足夠大來獨(dú)自謀生了。自謀生了。win贏得;贏得;gain獲得;獲得;take帶走;帶走;earn/make ones living謀生,固定短語。謀生,固定短語。10. (2011天津天津6)I _ a bank account after I made $1, 000 by doing a part-time job during the summer vacation. A. borro
11、wed B. opened C. entered D. ordered【解析解析】選選B。考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:在暑假,通過做兼??疾閯?dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:在暑假,通過做兼職工作,賺了職工作,賺了1,000美元后我開了一個(gè)賬戶。美元后我開了一個(gè)賬戶。borrow“借借”;open“開開”;enter“進(jìn)入進(jìn)入”;order“命令,訂購命令,訂購”。根據(jù)句意選。根據(jù)句意選B。11. (2011江蘇江蘇28)Are you still mad at her? Not really, but I cant _ that her remarks hurt me. A. deny B. refuse C
12、. reject D. decline【解析解析】選選A??疾閯?dòng)詞詞義辨析,句意:??疾閯?dòng)詞詞義辨析,句意:你仍然對(duì)她很你仍然對(duì)她很惱火嗎?惱火嗎?不了,但不可否認(rèn)她的話傷害了我。不了,但不可否認(rèn)她的話傷害了我。deny“否認(rèn),否認(rèn),否定否定”;refuse和和reject都表示都表示“拒絕拒絕”,故排除;,故排除;decline“謝謝絕絕”,也不符合句意。,也不符合句意。12. (2011全國(guó)卷全國(guó)卷10)Mary, I _ John of his promise to help you. A. told B. reminded C. warned D. advised【解析解析】選選B。考
13、查動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞短語。句意:瑪麗,我提醒過。考查動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞短語。句意:瑪麗,我提醒過約翰關(guān)于幫助你的承諾。約翰關(guān)于幫助你的承諾。remind sb. of sth. 表示提醒某人某件表示提醒某人某件事情。事情。tell表示表示“告訴告訴”;warn表示表示“警告警告”;advise表示表示“建建議議”。根據(jù)句意可知答案為。根據(jù)句意可知答案為B項(xiàng)。項(xiàng)。13. (2011湖北湖北26)Knowledge and learning are important if we want to be successful, but they may also _ our thinking. A. direct
14、B. limit C. change D. improve【解析解析】選選B。考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:如果我們想要成功,。考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:如果我們想要成功,知識(shí)和學(xué)問是重要的,但是它們可能也限制了我們的思考。知識(shí)和學(xué)問是重要的,但是它們可能也限制了我們的思考。direct 指引;指導(dǎo);指引;指導(dǎo);limit 限制;限制;change 改變;改變;improve 提高,提高,根據(jù)句意選擇根據(jù)句意選擇B項(xiàng)。項(xiàng)。14. (2011湖北湖北27)The minister said, “We are ready for discussions with any legal parties, bu
15、t well never _ with criminals. ”A. negotiate B. quarrel C. argue D. consult【解析解析】選選A??疾閯?dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:部長(zhǎng)說:。考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:部長(zhǎng)說:“我們準(zhǔn)我們準(zhǔn)備好與一切合法的政黨討論,但是我們將永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)與犯罪分子備好與一切合法的政黨討論,但是我們將永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)與犯罪分子談判。談判?!眓egotiate談判,交涉;談判,交涉;quarrel爭(zhēng)吵;爭(zhēng)吵;argue爭(zhēng)論;辯爭(zhēng)論;辯論;論;consult咨詢。根據(jù)句意選擇咨詢。根據(jù)句意選擇A項(xiàng)。項(xiàng)。15. (2011湖北湖北28)Clinical evidence
16、 began to _, suggesting that the new drugs had a wider range of useful activities than had been predicted from experiments in animals. A. operate B. strengthen C. approve D. accumulate【解析解析】選選D??疾閯?dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:臨床證據(jù)開始增多,。考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:臨床證據(jù)開始增多,暗示在與從動(dòng)物實(shí)驗(yàn)得出的預(yù)測(cè)相比,這種新藥有著更廣闊的暗示在與從動(dòng)物實(shí)驗(yàn)得出的預(yù)測(cè)相比,這種新藥有著更廣闊的應(yīng)用。應(yīng)用。ope
17、rate動(dòng)手術(shù);動(dòng)手術(shù);strengthen加強(qiáng);加強(qiáng);approve證明;證明;accumulate積累。根據(jù)句意選擇積累。根據(jù)句意選擇D項(xiàng)。項(xiàng)。16. (2011安徽安徽21)As the story _, the truth about the strange figure is slowly discovered. A. begins B. happens C. ends D. develops【解析解析】選選D。考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:隨著故事的發(fā)展,??疾閯?dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:隨著故事的發(fā)展,那位奇特人物的真實(shí)情況被慢慢地揭示出來。那位奇特人物的真實(shí)情況被慢慢地揭示出來。begin“
18、開始開始”;happen“發(fā)生發(fā)生”;end“結(jié)束結(jié)束”;develop“發(fā)展,展開發(fā)展,展開”。根據(jù)。根據(jù)句意選擇句意選擇D項(xiàng)。項(xiàng)。17. (2011福建福建28)Id prefer to _ my judgement until I find all the evidence. A. show B. express C. pass D. reserve【解析解析】選選D。考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:在找到所有的證據(jù)??疾閯?dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:在找到所有的證據(jù)之前,我寧愿保留我的意見。之前,我寧愿保留我的意見。reserve保留;保留;show顯示,展示,顯示,展示,放映;放映;express表達(dá)
19、;表達(dá);pass穿過,通過,經(jīng)過。由句意知選穿過,通過,經(jīng)過。由句意知選D。18. (2010新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷22)The workers _ the glasses and marked on each box “This Side Up”. A. carried B. delivered C. pressed D. packed【解析解析】選選D。句意:工人們將杯子裝箱,并在每個(gè)箱子上標(biāo)。句意:工人們將杯子裝箱,并在每個(gè)箱子上標(biāo)明明“此端朝上此端朝上”。pack the glasses把杯子裝箱,把杯子裝箱,D項(xiàng)符合題意。項(xiàng)符合題意。carry隨身帶著,扛著;隨身帶著,扛著;del
20、iver運(yùn)送;運(yùn)送;press壓,擠。壓,擠。19. (2010遼寧遼寧32)The new movie _ to be one of the biggest money-makers of all time. A. promises B. agrees C. pretends D. declines【解析解析】選選A。 句意:這部新電影有望成為有史以來最賺錢的句意:這部新電影有望成為有史以來最賺錢的電影之一。電影之一。promise在句中的意思為在句中的意思為“大有大有的可能,的可能,有有的希望的希望”。agree同意,贊同;同意,贊同;pretend假裝;假裝;decline下下降,謝絕。
21、降,謝絕。20. (2010江西江西25)Parents _ much importance to education. They will do their best to give their children that priceless gift. A. attach B. pay C. link D. apply【解析解析】選選A。考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意:家長(zhǎng)非常重視教育。他??疾閯?dòng)詞辨析。句意:家長(zhǎng)非常重視教育。他們盡力給孩子那份無價(jià)的禮物。們盡力給孩子那份無價(jià)的禮物。attach importance to. . . 為固為固定搭配,意為定搭配,意為“重視重視”,其他三項(xiàng)均無此用法。
22、,其他三項(xiàng)均無此用法。 動(dòng)詞短語辨析動(dòng)詞短語辨析1. (2012湖北湖北23)Walking alone in the dark, the boy whistled to _ his courage. A. hold up B. keep up C. set up D. take up【解析解析】選選B??疾閯?dòng)詞短語辨析。句意:獨(dú)自一人在黑暗中??疾閯?dòng)詞短語辨析。句意:獨(dú)自一人在黑暗中走,那個(gè)男孩吹口哨給自己打氣。走,那個(gè)男孩吹口哨給自己打氣。hold up舉起,耽擱,延遲;舉起,耽擱,延遲;keep up保持保持, 維持;維持;set up建造建造, 創(chuàng)立;創(chuàng)立;take up占據(jù)占據(jù), 開
23、始從事。開始從事。keep up ones courage 保持勇氣,鼓起勇氣。保持勇氣,鼓起勇氣。2. (2012湖北湖北24)Im so glad youve come here to _ this matter in person. A. lead to B. see to C. turn to D. refer to【解析解析】選選B。考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意:我很高興你親自來??疾閯?dòng)詞短語辨析。句意:我很高興你親自來這里處理這個(gè)問題。這里處理這個(gè)問題。lead to導(dǎo)致,引起;導(dǎo)致,引起;see to處理,解決;處理,解決;turn to轉(zhuǎn)向,求助;轉(zhuǎn)向,求助;refer to指的是,
24、涉及,查閱。根據(jù)題干信指的是,涉及,查閱。根據(jù)題干信息,與息,與this matter in person搭配的應(yīng)該表示的是搭配的應(yīng)該表示的是“親自解決問親自解決問題題”。3. (2012安徽安徽28)The athletes years of hard training _ when she finally won the Olympic gold medal. A. went on B. got throughC. paid off D. ended up【解析解析】選選C??疾閯?dòng)詞短語。句意:當(dāng)這位運(yùn)動(dòng)員最終獲得。考查動(dòng)詞短語。句意:當(dāng)這位運(yùn)動(dòng)員最終獲得奧運(yùn)金牌時(shí),她多年的艱苦訓(xùn)練終于有
25、了回報(bào)。奧運(yùn)金牌時(shí),她多年的艱苦訓(xùn)練終于有了回報(bào)。A項(xiàng)意為項(xiàng)意為“繼繼續(xù)進(jìn)行續(xù)進(jìn)行”;B項(xiàng)意為項(xiàng)意為“經(jīng)歷;通過;完成經(jīng)歷;通過;完成”;C項(xiàng)意為項(xiàng)意為“取得取得成功;奏效;成功;奏效;(努力等努力等)有了回報(bào)有了回報(bào)”;D項(xiàng)意為項(xiàng)意為“結(jié)束結(jié)束”。4. (2012新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷27)Mary is really good at taking notes in class. She can _ almost every word her teacher says. A. put out B. put downC. put away D. put together【解析解析】選選B???/p>
26、查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意:瑪麗的確擅長(zhǎng)在課??疾閯?dòng)詞短語辨析。句意:瑪麗的確擅長(zhǎng)在課堂上記筆記。她幾乎能把老師說的每個(gè)詞都記下來。堂上記筆記。她幾乎能把老師說的每個(gè)詞都記下來。put out撲撲滅;滅;put down放下,寫下;放下,寫下;put away放好;放好;put together放在一放在一起。根據(jù)句意可知選起。根據(jù)句意可知選B。5. (2012全國(guó)卷全國(guó)卷12)We _ to paint the whole house but finished only the front part that day. A. set about B. set up C. set out D. se
27、t down【解析解析】選選C??疾閯?dòng)詞短語。句意:那天我們開始粉刷房子,??疾閯?dòng)詞短語。句意:那天我們開始粉刷房子,可是只完成了房子的前面部分。可是只完成了房子的前面部分。set out to do sth. 開始干某事,開始干某事,符合語境;符合語境;set about需要跟需要跟doing sth. 表示開始干某事;表示開始干某事;set up建立建立, 創(chuàng)立創(chuàng)立, 成立;成立;set down寫下寫下, 記下。故選記下。故選C。6. (2012福建福建29)You had better _ some time every day for sports so that you can k
28、eep yourself energetic. A. set aside B. take upC. put away D. give out【解析解析】選選A??疾閯?dòng)詞短語。句意:你最好每天都留出一些。考查動(dòng)詞短語。句意:你最好每天都留出一些時(shí)間來鍛煉,這樣你就可以保持精力充沛。時(shí)間來鍛煉,這樣你就可以保持精力充沛。set aside放到一邊,放到一邊,留出;留出;take up占據(jù),從事;占據(jù),從事; put away收起來放好;收起來放好;give out用用完,用盡。故選完,用盡。故選A。7. (2012江西江西24)Ive _ the habit of calling in on my
29、 grandparents on my way home from school. A. come into B. gone intoC. got into D. run into【解析解析】選選C。考查動(dòng)詞短語搭配。句意:我已養(yǎng)成了在放學(xué)。考查動(dòng)詞短語搭配。句意:我已養(yǎng)成了在放學(xué)回家的路上看望祖父母的習(xí)慣。回家的路上看望祖父母的習(xí)慣。get into the habit of意為意為“養(yǎng)養(yǎng)成成的習(xí)慣的習(xí)慣”,是固定搭配。其他選項(xiàng)和,是固定搭配。其他選項(xiàng)和the habit of 不構(gòu)成不構(gòu)成短語搭配。短語搭配。8. (2012陜西陜西19)He had to pause from time
30、to time to wipe the sweat from his forehead, because the air-conditioning system _. A. broke in B. broke upC. broke out D. broke down【解析解析】選選D??疾閯?dòng)詞短語辨析。句意:他不得不不時(shí)地停。考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意:他不得不不時(shí)地停下來擦額頭上的汗,因?yàn)榭照{(diào)壞了。下來擦額頭上的汗,因?yàn)榭照{(diào)壞了。break in“破門而入,插破門而入,插話話”。break up“分手,分手,(關(guān)系關(guān)系)破裂;解散等破裂;解散等”。break out“戰(zhàn)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)爭(zhēng)(火災(zāi)火災(zāi))爆發(fā),發(fā)
31、生爆發(fā),發(fā)生”。break down“談判等失?。徽勁械仁?;(機(jī)器等機(jī)器等)發(fā)發(fā)生故障;生故障;(人精神人精神)崩潰等崩潰等”。根據(jù)句意可知。根據(jù)句意可知D項(xiàng)符合題意。項(xiàng)符合題意。9. (2012遼寧遼寧26)Rod loves _ clocks. However, he never manages to put them together again. A. taking apart B. giving awayC. making up D. turning off【解析解析】選選A??疾槎陶Z辨析。句意:羅德喜歡拆鐘表,然而??疾槎陶Z辨析。句意:羅德喜歡拆鐘表,然而他從來不能把它們?cè)俳M裝起
32、來。他從來不能把它們?cè)俳M裝起來。A項(xiàng)表示項(xiàng)表示“拆開,分開拆開,分開”符合符合題意;題意;B項(xiàng)表示項(xiàng)表示“分發(fā),贈(zèng)送分發(fā),贈(zèng)送”;C項(xiàng)表示項(xiàng)表示“編造;化妝編造;化妝”;D項(xiàng)表示項(xiàng)表示“關(guān)閉關(guān)閉”。10. (2012遼寧遼寧35)Mum, I was wondering if you could lend me a few dollars until I _ on Friday. A. get paid B. got paidC. have paid D. had been paid【解析解析】選選A??疾橄当斫Y(jié)構(gòu)。句意:媽媽,我在想你能否借??疾橄当斫Y(jié)構(gòu)。句意:媽媽,我在想你能否借我?guī)酌涝?/p>
33、到我星期五領(lǐng)薪水。我?guī)酌涝钡轿倚瞧谖孱I(lǐng)薪水。get paid 為系表結(jié)構(gòu),而為系表結(jié)構(gòu),而B項(xiàng)項(xiàng)時(shí)態(tài)不對(duì)。時(shí)態(tài)不對(duì)。11. (2012浙江浙江15)Armed with the information you have gathered, you can _ preparing your business plan. A. set out B. set about C. set off D. set up【解析解析】選選B??疾閯?dòng)詞短語辨析。句意:有了你收集的這些??疾閯?dòng)詞短語辨析。句意:有了你收集的這些信息,你就可以開始準(zhǔn)備你的商業(yè)計(jì)劃了。信息,你就可以開始準(zhǔn)備你的商業(yè)計(jì)劃了。set ou
34、t意為意為“動(dòng)身,動(dòng)身,著手著手”,后面常跟不定式;,后面常跟不定式;set about意為意為“開始,著手開始,著手”,后,后面常跟面常跟doing; set off出發(fā),引起;出發(fā),引起;set up建立。建立。12. (2012江蘇江蘇26)OK, Ive had enough of it. I give up. You cant _ your responsibilities. A. run off with B. run up againstC. run out of D. run away from【解析解析】選選D??疾閯?dòng)詞短語。句意:??疾閯?dòng)詞短語。句意:好吧,我受夠了。好吧,
35、我受夠了。我放棄。我放棄。你不能逃避責(zé)任。你不能逃避責(zé)任。A項(xiàng)表示項(xiàng)表示“攜帶攜帶逃跑逃跑”;B項(xiàng)表示項(xiàng)表示“意外地碰到意外地碰到(困難困難)或偶然碰到或偶然碰到(人人)”;C項(xiàng)表示項(xiàng)表示“用光,用光,耗盡耗盡”;D項(xiàng)表示項(xiàng)表示“逃避,避開逃避,避開”。13. (2012四川四川20)Its surprising that your brother _ Russian so quicklyhe hasnt lived there very long. A. picked up B. looked upC. put up D. made up【解析解析】選選A??疾閯?dòng)詞短語辨析。句意:真令人驚訝
36、,你哥。考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意:真令人驚訝,你哥哥這么快就學(xué)會(huì)了俄語哥這么快就學(xué)會(huì)了俄語他已經(jīng)很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間不住在那里了。他已經(jīng)很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間不住在那里了。pick up 拾起,撿起,學(xué)會(huì);拾起,撿起,學(xué)會(huì);look up 仰望,查閱,尊敬,拜訪;仰望,查閱,尊敬,拜訪;put up 舉起,張貼,提供,建造,推舉,提名,供給舉起,張貼,提供,建造,推舉,提名,供給住宿;住宿;make up組成,化妝,整理,彌補(bǔ)。組成,化妝,整理,彌補(bǔ)。14. (2011四川四川7)To get a better grade, you should _ the notes again before the test. A.
37、 go over B. get over C. turn over D. take over【解析解析】選選A。考查動(dòng)詞短語。句意??疾閯?dòng)詞短語。句意: 為了考個(gè)好分?jǐn)?shù),考試為了考個(gè)好分?jǐn)?shù),考試前你應(yīng)該把筆記再復(fù)習(xí)一遍。前你應(yīng)該把筆記再復(fù)習(xí)一遍。go over 復(fù)習(xí),溫習(xí);復(fù)習(xí),溫習(xí);get over 克克服,擺脫;服,擺脫;turn over翻身,翻轉(zhuǎn);翻身,翻轉(zhuǎn);take over接替,接管。故選接替,接管。故選A。15. (2011四川四川14)I often _ the words I dont know in the dictionary or on the Internet. A.
38、 look up B. look at C. look for D. look into【解析解析】選選A??疾閯?dòng)詞短語。句意??疾閯?dòng)詞短語。句意: 我經(jīng)常在詞典里或者網(wǎng)我經(jīng)常在詞典里或者網(wǎng)上查我不認(rèn)識(shí)的單詞。上查我不認(rèn)識(shí)的單詞。look up查詢,查找。查詢,查找。look at 看;看;look for尋找;尋找;look into調(diào)查。故選調(diào)查。故選A。16. (2011新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷 26)I can _ the house being untidy,but I hate it if its not clean. A. come up with B. put up withC
39、. turn to D. stick to【解析解析】選選B??疾閯?dòng)詞短語。句意:我能忍受房子不整齊,??疾閯?dòng)詞短語。句意:我能忍受房子不整齊,但如果不干凈的話,我不喜歡。但如果不干凈的話,我不喜歡。come up with “想出,提出想出,提出”;put up with“忍受忍受”;turn to“轉(zhuǎn)向,求助于轉(zhuǎn)向,求助于”;stick to“堅(jiān)堅(jiān)持持”。17. (2011山東山東25)They are broadening the bridge to _ the flow of traffic. A. put off B. speed up C. turn on D. work out【
40、解析解析】選選B??疾閯?dòng)詞短語辨析。句意:他們正在加寬這座??疾閯?dòng)詞短語辨析。句意:他們正在加寬這座大橋以加快交通流量。大橋以加快交通流量。speed up 加速,加快;加速,加快;put off 延期,推延期,推遲;遲;turn on 打開;打開;work out 解決,計(jì)算出,制定出,鍛煉。解決,計(jì)算出,制定出,鍛煉。18. (2011江西江西35)You cant predict everything. Often things dont _ as you expect. A. run out B. break out C. work out D. put out【解析解析】選選C??疾?/p>
41、動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意:你不能預(yù)言一切事??疾閯?dòng)詞短語辨析。句意:你不能預(yù)言一切事情。事情常常不會(huì)像你期待的那樣實(shí)現(xiàn)。情。事情常常不會(huì)像你期待的那樣實(shí)現(xiàn)。run out 耗盡;耗盡;break out 打破;打破;work out 算出,實(shí)現(xiàn);算出,實(shí)現(xiàn);put out 撲滅。故選撲滅。故選C。19. (2011浙江浙江6)The school isnt the one I really wanted to go to, but I suppose Ill just have to _ it. A. make the best of B. get away from C. keep an eye
42、on D. catch up with【解析解析】選選A。考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意:盡管這所學(xué)校不是??疾閯?dòng)詞短語辨析。句意:盡管這所學(xué)校不是我真正想去的學(xué)校,但是我想我會(huì)盡可能充分利用它的。我真正想去的學(xué)校,但是我想我會(huì)盡可能充分利用它的。make the best of充分利用;充分利用;get away from遠(yuǎn)離;遠(yuǎn)離;keep an eye on關(guān)注;關(guān)注;catch up with趕上。趕上。A項(xiàng)符合句意。項(xiàng)符合句意。20. (2011浙江浙江12)He decided that he would drive all the way home instead of _ at a h
43、otel for the night. A. putting down B. putting off C. putting on D. putting up【解析解析】選選D??疾閯?dòng)詞短語辨析。句意:他決定一直開車回。考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意:他決定一直開車回家而非暫住旅館過夜。家而非暫住旅館過夜。“put up at. . . ”表示表示“在某處獲得食宿在某處獲得食宿安排安排/暫住暫住”。例如:。例如:They put up at an inn for the night. 他們他們?cè)谝患倚】蜅@镞^夜。在一家小客棧里過夜。put down記下,鎮(zhèn)壓;記下,鎮(zhèn)壓;put off推遲;推遲;put
44、 on穿上;上演。故選穿上;上演。故選D項(xiàng)。項(xiàng)。21. (2011遼寧遼寧26)The exam results will be _ on Friday afternoon. A. put down B. put off C. put up D. put away【解析解析】選選C。考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意:考試結(jié)果將會(huì)在周??疾閯?dòng)詞短語辨析。句意:考試結(jié)果將會(huì)在周五下午張貼出來。五下午張貼出來。put down記下,鎮(zhèn)壓;記下,鎮(zhèn)壓;put off推遲;推遲;put away收起;收起;put up張貼,掛起,提供食宿,符合句意。張貼,掛起,提供食宿,符合句意。22. (2011陜西陜西25)
45、Some insects _ the colour of their surroundings to protect themselves. A. take in B. take off C. take on D. take out【解析解析】選選C??疾閯?dòng)詞短語辨析。句意:一些昆蟲呈現(xiàn)出它。考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意:一些昆蟲呈現(xiàn)出它們周圍環(huán)境的顏色,目的是為了保護(hù)自己。們周圍環(huán)境的顏色,目的是為了保護(hù)自己。take in“吸收;改吸收;改??;理解;欺騙??;理解;欺騙”;take off“起飛;脫衣服;擺脫;成名起飛;脫衣服;擺脫;成名”;take on“雇用;呈現(xiàn)雇用;呈現(xiàn)”;take out
46、“拿出來拿出來”。根據(jù)句意可知。根據(jù)句意可知C項(xiàng)正確。項(xiàng)正確。23. (2011天津天津8)She _ an old friend of hers yesterday while she was shopping at the department store. A. turned down B. dealt withC. took after D. came across【解析解析】選選D??疾閯?dòng)詞短語辨析。句意:昨天在商店購物時(shí),??疾閯?dòng)詞短語辨析。句意:昨天在商店購物時(shí),她遇到了一位老朋友。她遇到了一位老朋友。turn down調(diào)小,拒絕;調(diào)小,拒絕;deal with 處理;處理;ta
47、ke after與與相像;相像;come across(偶然偶然)遇到,根據(jù)句意選遇到,根據(jù)句意選D。24. (2011江蘇江蘇30)You look upset. Whats the matter? I had my proposal _ again. A. turned over B. turned onC. turned off D. turned down【解析解析】選選D??疾閯?dòng)詞短語辨析。句意:。考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意:你看起來很沮你看起來很沮喪,出什么事了?喪,出什么事了?我的提議又被拒絕了。我的提議又被拒絕了。turn down拒絕,拒絕,符合句意。符合句意。turn over
48、翻轉(zhuǎn);翻轉(zhuǎn);turn on打開;打開;turn off關(guān)掉,與句關(guān)掉,與句意不符。意不符。25. (2011湖北湖北29)The government has taken measures to _ the high prices of daily goods to keep the market stable. A. take down B. bring downC. hand down D. tear down【解析解析】選選B??疾閯?dòng)詞詞組辨析。句意:政府已經(jīng)采取措施??疾閯?dòng)詞詞組辨析。句意:政府已經(jīng)采取措施降低日用品的高價(jià)來保持市場(chǎng)的穩(wěn)定。降低日用品的高價(jià)來保持市場(chǎng)的穩(wěn)定。take d
49、own記下,記錄;記下,記錄;bring down降低;降低;hand down把把傳遞下來;傳遞下來;tear down拆毀;拆毀;拆卸。根據(jù)句意選擇拆卸。根據(jù)句意選擇B項(xiàng)。項(xiàng)。26. (2011安徽安徽34)If you _ faults but you still want the bicycle, ask the shop assistant to reduce the price. A. come across B. care aboutC. look for D. focus upon【解析解析】選選A??疾閯?dòng)詞短語辨析。句意:如果你發(fā)現(xiàn)自行車??疾閯?dòng)詞短語辨析。句意:如果你發(fā)現(xiàn)自
50、行車有瑕疵但還想買,可以要求店員降價(jià)。有瑕疵但還想買,可以要求店員降價(jià)。come across(偶然偶然)發(fā)現(xiàn);發(fā)現(xiàn);care about在意,介意;在意,介意;look for尋找;尋找;focus upon集中于。根集中于。根據(jù)句意選擇據(jù)句意選擇A項(xiàng)。項(xiàng)。27. (2011福建福建31)Born into a family with three brothers, David was _ to value the sense of sharing. A. brought up B. turned downC. looked after D. held back【解析解析】選選A??疾閯?dòng)詞短
51、語辨析。句意:出生于一個(gè)三兄弟??疾閯?dòng)詞短語辨析。句意:出生于一個(gè)三兄弟之家,大衛(wèi)受到教育要重視分享的意義。之家,大衛(wèi)受到教育要重視分享的意義。bring up教育,撫養(yǎng),教育,撫養(yǎng),嘔吐;嘔吐;turn down調(diào)低,關(guān)小,拒絕;調(diào)低,關(guān)小,拒絕;look after照顧;照顧;hold back阻止,抑制,隱瞞。由句意知選阻止,抑制,隱瞞。由句意知選A。28. (2010山東山東27)Sam _ some knowledge of the computer just by watching others working on it. A. brought up B. looked up C
52、. picked up D. set up【解析解析】選選C。句意:。句意:Sam通過觀察別人操作電腦學(xué)會(huì)了一些通過觀察別人操作電腦學(xué)會(huì)了一些電腦知識(shí)。電腦知識(shí)。bring up養(yǎng)育,撫養(yǎng);養(yǎng)育,撫養(yǎng);look up向上看;向上看;pick up學(xué)會(huì);學(xué)會(huì);set up建立,搭起。建立,搭起。29. (2010福建福建30)Weve just moved into a bigger house and theres a lot to do. Lets _ it. A. keep up with B. do away withC. get down to D. look forward to【解
53、析解析】選選C。句意:我們剛剛搬進(jìn)一所大房子,有好多事情。句意:我們剛剛搬進(jìn)一所大房子,有好多事情要做,讓我們著手做吧。要做,讓我們著手做吧。keep up with跟上,趕上;跟上,趕上;do away with擺脫,廢除;擺脫,廢除;get down to著手著手;look forward to盼盼望望。30. (2010安徽安徽22)No matter how low you consider yourself, there is always someone _ you wishing they were that high. A. getting rid of B. getting
54、along withC. looking up to D. looking down upon【解析解析】選選C。 句意:不管你多么看不起你自己,總會(huì)有人崇句意:不管你多么看不起你自己,總會(huì)有人崇敬你,希望自己也像你那么高大。敬你,希望自己也像你那么高大。get rid of除掉;除掉;get along with相處,進(jìn)展;相處,進(jìn)展;look up to尊敬,敬仰;尊敬,敬仰;look down upon看不看不起。起?!久}人點(diǎn)撥命題人點(diǎn)撥】考考查查重重點(diǎn)點(diǎn) 1. 動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞短語的詞義辨析動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞短語的詞義辨析2. 動(dòng)詞與其他詞類的搭配動(dòng)詞與其他詞類的搭配3. 熟詞生義,一詞多義熟詞生
55、義,一詞多義 備備考考策策略略 1. 動(dòng)詞是英語詞匯中的核心,它的用法最靈活,種類比較動(dòng)詞是英語詞匯中的核心,它的用法最靈活,種類比較多,形式復(fù)雜多,形式復(fù)雜2. 注意動(dòng)詞短語的意思,同時(shí)要在具體語境中靈活地加以注意動(dòng)詞短語的意思,同時(shí)要在具體語境中靈活地加以使用使用3. 注意掌握以下動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成的動(dòng)詞短語,如注意掌握以下動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成的動(dòng)詞短語,如get, come, look, put, turn, take, send, set, ask, carry, have, care, pay, hold, keep, think, make, give, pick, hand等等4. 掌握常用動(dòng)詞如掌握
56、常用動(dòng)詞如get, take, make, have, keep, leave等常用等常用詞義和主要用語的結(jié)構(gòu)和句式詞義和主要用語的結(jié)構(gòu)和句式 一、各類動(dòng)詞的基本用法一、各類動(dòng)詞的基本用法1. 實(shí)義動(dòng)詞實(shí)義動(dòng)詞(1)及物動(dòng)詞和不及物動(dòng)詞及物動(dòng)詞和不及物動(dòng)詞及物動(dòng)詞后可直接跟賓語,可用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)。及物動(dòng)詞后可直接跟賓語,可用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)。The story cant interest the children. (名詞作賓語名詞作賓語)這個(gè)故事并不能使孩子們感興趣。這個(gè)故事并不能使孩子們感興趣。We avoided talking about this subject. (動(dòng)名詞作賓語動(dòng)名詞作賓語
57、)我們避免談?wù)撨@個(gè)話題。我們避免談?wù)撨@個(gè)話題。及物動(dòng)詞后可跟雙賓語。及物動(dòng)詞后可跟雙賓語。Can you lend me your bike? 你能把你的自行車借給我嗎?你能把你的自行車借給我嗎?(動(dòng)詞直接涉及的事物為直接賓語,涉及的人為間接賓語動(dòng)詞直接涉及的事物為直接賓語,涉及的人為間接賓語)Can you lend your bike to me? (間接賓語有時(shí)可放在直接賓語間接賓語有時(shí)可放在直接賓語的后面,但要用介詞的后面,但要用介詞 to,for 與直接賓語隔開與直接賓語隔開)不及物動(dòng)詞不能跟賓語,不能用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)。但不及物動(dòng)詞不及物動(dòng)詞不能跟賓語,不能用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)。但不及物動(dòng)詞有時(shí)
58、和介詞連用,后面可跟賓語。有時(shí)和介詞連用,后面可跟賓語。Listen to the teacher carefully. 認(rèn)真聽老師講課。認(rèn)真聽老師講課。接復(fù)合賓語的及物動(dòng)詞接復(fù)合賓語的及物動(dòng)詞有些及物動(dòng)詞在接一個(gè)賓語的同時(shí)需要再接一個(gè)補(bǔ)語,這些及有些及物動(dòng)詞在接一個(gè)賓語的同時(shí)需要再接一個(gè)補(bǔ)語,這些及物動(dòng)詞就是接復(fù)合賓語的及物動(dòng)詞,有以下幾類:物動(dòng)詞就是接復(fù)合賓語的及物動(dòng)詞,有以下幾類:a. 接形容詞作賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)詞常見的有:接形容詞作賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)詞常見的有:make, paint, keep, find, wish, suppose, prove, think, believe, consider,
59、 leave等;還有一等;還有一些通常只與一個(gè)或某幾個(gè)形容詞固定搭配的動(dòng)詞:些通常只與一個(gè)或某幾個(gè)形容詞固定搭配的動(dòng)詞:break(open), drive(mad), beat(black and blue), polish(smooth), boil(soft), set(free), cut(short)等。等。They broke the door open. 他們強(qiáng)行把門打開。他們強(qiáng)行把門打開。b. 接名詞作賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)詞常見的有:接名詞作賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)詞常見的有:call, name, make, elect, appoint, find, consider, leave, think, c
60、hoose, declare等。等。They appointed her head of the German Department. 他們?nèi)蚊秊榈抡Z系的負(fù)責(zé)人。他們?nèi)蚊秊榈抡Z系的負(fù)責(zé)人。c. 接不定式作賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)詞常見的有:接不定式作賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)詞常見的有:ask, tell, invite, force, get, beg, allow, help, wish, want, prefer, intend, expect, encourage, advise, persuade, instruct, permit, remind, order, command, warn, cause, ur
61、ge等以及某些動(dòng)詞短語:等以及某些動(dòng)詞短語:wait for, depend on, call on等。等。The doctor advised Mary to have more exercise. 大夫勸瑪麗多大夫勸瑪麗多鍛煉。鍛煉。The government calls on us to live a low-carbon life. 政府號(hào)召我們過低碳生活。政府號(hào)召我們過低碳生活。d. 接現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)詞常見的有:感官動(dòng)詞接現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)詞常見的有:感官動(dòng)詞see, hear, feel, notice, watch, look at, smell,observe以及表示以及
62、表示“使,讓使,讓”的動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞詞have, get(使使), keep, find等。等。Can you hear her singing in the next room now? 現(xiàn)在你能聽見她在隔壁房間唱歌嗎?現(xiàn)在你能聽見她在隔壁房間唱歌嗎?Im sorry I kept you waiting. 抱歉讓你久等了。抱歉讓你久等了。e. 接過去分詞作賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)詞常見的有:接過去分詞作賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)詞常見的有:see, hear, watch, feel, find, think, make, get, have, keep, leave等。等。I cant get the car started.
63、 我的車發(fā)動(dòng)不起來了。我的車發(fā)動(dòng)不起來了。(2)延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞與非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞與非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞可與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語連用,而非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞可與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語連用,而非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞則不可以。則不可以。We have known each other since childhood. 自孩提時(shí)代我們就自孩提時(shí)代我們就認(rèn)識(shí)。認(rèn)識(shí)。Usually on Sundays I sleep until 11 a. m. . 通常星期天我會(huì)睡到通常星期天我會(huì)睡到上午上午11點(diǎn)鐘。點(diǎn)鐘。非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞也能同表示一段時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語搭配,一種情非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞也能同表示一段時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語搭配,一種情
64、況是表示一段時(shí)間內(nèi)的某個(gè)時(shí)間況是表示一段時(shí)間內(nèi)的某個(gè)時(shí)間“點(diǎn)點(diǎn)”,一種是在否定句中。,一種是在否定句中。The fire broke out during the night. 火災(zāi)是在夜間發(fā)生的?;馂?zāi)是在夜間發(fā)生的。We havent received his letter for 2 weeks. 我們有兩周沒有收到我們有兩周沒有收到他的來信了。他的來信了。延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞前加延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞前加get/begin/come to,表示一時(shí)的動(dòng)作,不再,表示一時(shí)的動(dòng)作,不再表示延續(xù)。表示延續(xù)。It was not until I failed again that I got to realize m
65、y fault. 直到我再次失敗,我才開始認(rèn)識(shí)到我的過失。直到我再次失敗,我才開始認(rèn)識(shí)到我的過失。We came to know each other many years ago. 我們?cè)谠S多年前我們?cè)谠S多年前就開始相識(shí)了。就開始相識(shí)了?!疽谆禳c(diǎn)撥易混點(diǎn)撥】1. 有些動(dòng)詞既可作及物動(dòng)詞也可作不及物動(dòng)詞,如有些動(dòng)詞既可作及物動(dòng)詞也可作不及物動(dòng)詞,如add, beat, change, draw, dress, drive, escape, fit, follow, hang, head, hold, hurt, lead, lose, manage, meet, mind, miss, mov
66、e, play, press, run, show, stand, strike, touch, turn, win。2. 后跟雙賓語時(shí)只能用后跟雙賓語時(shí)只能用“vt. +sth. +to+sb. ”結(jié)構(gòu)的動(dòng)詞:結(jié)構(gòu)的動(dòng)詞:introduce, explain,suggest, declare, announce, report, whisper等。等。后跟雙賓語時(shí),只能用后跟雙賓語時(shí),只能用“vt. +間賓間賓+直賓直賓”結(jié)構(gòu)的動(dòng)詞有:結(jié)構(gòu)的動(dòng)詞有:allow, ask, bet, charge, cost, deny, envy, draw, forgive, promise, refuse 等。等。3. 有些動(dòng)詞既可以作及物動(dòng)詞,也可以作不及物動(dòng)詞,使用的有些動(dòng)詞既可以作及物動(dòng)詞,也可以作不及物動(dòng)詞,使用的場(chǎng)合不同,意思也會(huì)有所變化,如場(chǎng)合不同,意思也會(huì)有所變化,如stand, fly, work, mind, dress, escape, miss, hang, head, show, run, move等。例如:等。例如: The trees moved in the win
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