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1、2020年精編人教版英語(yǔ)資料 必修一 Unit 5 Nelson Mandela —a modern hero Grammar ●從容說(shuō)課 This is the third period of this unit. In this period，students are planned to go over the attributive clause，including the differences between the Restrictive Attributive Clause and the Non-restrictive Attributive Clause，the

2、 use of the relative pronouns and relative adverbs and the differences between “that” and “which” .In the period of high school，the attributive clause is not only difficult but also important，so it is necessary to grasp the usage of the attributive clause. In order to make sense of the usage of the

3、 attributive clause，it is important for the students to make a summary of them by themselves. In this period，there should be some exercises designed for students to consolidate the usage of the attributive clause. ●三維目標(biāo) 1.Knowledge： （1）Revise the Attributive Clause，including the Restrictive Attri

4、butive Clause and the Non-restrictive Attributive Clause. （2）Revise the use of relative pronouns and relative adverbs. 2.Ability： Expand the knowledge of the Attributive Clause. 3.Emotion： Develop the students’ quality of overcoming difficulties in study. ●教學(xué)重點(diǎn) The usage of the relative pron

5、ouns and relative adverbs. ●教學(xué)難點(diǎn) Help the students to master the way of choosing a relative pronoun or a relative adverb correctly. ●教具準(zhǔn)備 The multimedia and the blackboard. ●教學(xué)過(guò)程 Step 1 Greetings Greet the whole class as usual. Step 2 Revision and Lead-in （Teacher checks the homework exerci

6、ses first and then shows the following on the screen.） 1. He is a famous scientist. 2.Who’ s that girl in red？ 3.I’ ve read all the books that you lent me. 4.I have lost my pen，which I like very much. T：Now pay special attention to the underlined parts. Is there anything in common between them？

7、 Ss：Yes. They all identify the nouns，which are used with them. Each part tells us which thing or person the speaker is talking about. T：That is to say，the function of each underlined part is the same. Each of them is used as an attribute to describe each noun. Well，are there any differences betwee

8、n them？ S1：Yes. In the first sentence，the attribute is an adjective and put before the noun；the second is a prepositional phrase put after the noun；the third and fourth sentences are full sentences put after the nouns. T：You are right，what do we call the sentences put after the noun？ Ss：The Attri

9、butive Clause. T：Quite right. In a complex sentence，the clause modifying a noun or a pronoun in the main clause is called an Attributive Clause. The noun or pronoun is called Antecedent. The word that/which introduces the clause （between the noun/pronoun and the clause） is called Relative Pronoun o

10、r Relative Adverb. The relative pronouns or adverbs do two jobs at once. They can be used as subjects，objects，attributes or adverbials；in the clause，at the same time，they join clauses together. About the use of them，we’ll have particular revision after a while. Now look at the sentences on the scree

11、n. （Teacher shows the following on the screen.） Complete the sentences with suitable relatives. 1. I know the reason _______________he came late. 2.Do you know the woman，____________ son went to college last year？ 3. The house _______________color is red is John’s. 4. This is the best film ___

12、____________I’ve ever seen. 5. That is the town _______________he worked in 1987. T：Who’d like to tell me what should be filled in the first sentence？ S2：I think “why” should be filled. Because the antecedent is “the reason” and the relative is used as the adverbial of reason in the Attributive C

13、lause. T：Yes. How about the second sentence？ （Teacher goes to another student and asks her/him to answer.） S3：I fill “whose” here. Because the antecedent is “the woman” and the relative is used as the attribute in the Attributive Clause. T：Right. Sit down，please. Now let’s look at the third sent

14、ence. Suggested answers： 1. why 2.whose 3.whose 4.that 5.where Step 3 Summarize the use of the Non-restrictive Attributive Clause T：The Non-restrictive Attributive Clause is a clause，which gives extra information to the antecedent. So we use a comma to interrupt the sentence. When the Non-re

15、strictive Attributive Clause is cut off，the sentence still has a full meaning. Now look at the sentences on the screen. （Show the following on the screen.） 1.I have two brothers，who are both soldiers. 2.Next week，which you’ll spend in your hometown，is coming. 3.I’ve tried two pairs of shoes，neit

16、her of which fits me well. T：Pay attention to the underlined parts. There are commas to interrupt the sentences and “that” cannot be used in the Non-restrictive Attributive Clause. You should pay more attention to the structure “Indefinite Pronoun/Numbers/Noun/Superlative + of which/whom” is often

17、used in the Non-restrictive Attributive Clause. Step 4 The usage of the Relative Pronouns and the Relative Adverbs T：As we know，relative pronouns or adverbs play important parts in the Attributive Clause. Now let’s make a list of them on the blackboard first and then revise their usage with the he

18、lp of the forms on the screen. （Bb：the relative pronouns：who，whom，that，whose，which；the relative adverbs：when，where，why） （Teacher collects them first and then shows the following.） Form 1： The relative pronouns Referring to Function in the clause who people subject/object whom people obje

19、ct that people/thing subject/object which thing subject/object whose people/thing （of whom/which） attribute Form 2： The relative adverb Referring to Function in the clause when （=at/in/on which） time adverbial of time where （= in/at which） place adverbial of place why （= for whic

20、h） reason adverbial of reason （Teacher explains the two forms separately and adds the following with examples on the screen.） T：1.When a relative pronoun is used as a subject in the clause，the verb must agree with the antecedent in person and number. 1.Those who want to go to the cinema must be

21、 at the school gate by 3：30 p.m. 2. He who doesn’t reach the Great Wall is not a true man. 2.When the antecedent is the structure of “one of + n.（pl.）”，the verb in the clause must be plural to agree with the plural form. However，if there is “the” or “only” before “one”，the verb in the clause must

22、be singular，agrees with the word “one”. 1. She is the only one of the girls who has been to Beijing. 2. He is one of the boys who have seen the film. 3.When the antecedent is a noun for time or place “when” or 搘here? is not always used to introduce the clause It depends on the function of the rel

23、ative word in the clause. 1. The time when/that I went to Tokyo is in 1982. 2. I’ll never forget the time which/that I spend at college. 3. The shop that I bought is big. 4. The shop where/in which I bought the book is big. Step 5 The difference between that? and which?? T：As we know，both “tha

24、t” and “which” can be used for things，but the use of them is not always the same. Let’s look at the sentences on the screen. （Show the following on the screen.） 1 This is the second article that I have written in English. 2. It is the best film that he has ever seen. 3. This is the very book tha

25、t I want to read. 4. All that they told me surprised me. 5. They talked about the teachers and schools that they had visited. 6.Who is the comrade that was there？ 7. There is a bed in the room that is still vacant. 8. Our village is no longer the place that it used to be. T：From the sentences

26、on the screen，we can make a summary of the use of “that” and “which”. Look at the screen again. （Show the following on the screen.） 1.In following cases，“that” is often used. （1）After ordinal number and superlatives. （2）After the following words：all，only，little，few，much，very，none，last，just，any（t

27、hing），every（thing），some（thing），no（thing）. （3）After two or more antecedents，referring to both people and things. （4）After interrogative pronouns “which” or “who”. （5）When the relative pronoun is used as a predictive in the clause. （6）When the main clause begins with “There be”. 2.In following ca

28、ses，“which” is always used. （1）After prepositions. （2）To introduce a Non-restrictive Attributive Clause. （3）The whole main sentence is the “antecedent” of the relative clause，and there is always a comma. Step 6 Practice T：Now let’s do some exercises. Look at the screen. Fill in the blanks，choos

29、ing proper relative pronouns or relative adverbs. （Show the following on the screen.） 1.____________ have plenty of money will help their friends. A. Those who B. He who C. That who D. You who 2. This is the longest train ____________ I have ever seen. A. which B. that C.

30、what D. whom 3.____________ we all know，swimming is a very good sport. A. Which B. That C.As D. Who 4.I shall never forget those years ____________ I lived in the farm____________ you visited last week. A. when；where B. which；which C. when；which D. which；where 5.The radio set __

31、__________ last week has gone wrong. A.I bought it B. which I bought it C.I bought D. what I bought 6.He paid the boy $10 for washing ten windows，most of ____________ hadn’t been cleaned for at least a year. A. these B. them C. that D. which 7.The day will come ____________ t

32、he people all over the world will win liberation. A. that B. where C. which D. when 8.Mr Herpin is one of the foreign experts who ____________ in China. A. works B.is working C. are working D. has been working 9.They talked for about an hour of things and persons __

33、__________ they remembered in the school. A. which B. that C .who D. whom 10.My glasses，____________ I was like a blind man，fell to the ground and broke. A. which B. with which C. without which D. that Suggested answers： 1~5 ABCCC 6~10 DACBC Step 7 Test T：Now let’s have a

34、test. Look at the screen. Do this exercise by yourself. A few minutes later I’ll give you the answers. （Show the following on the screen.） 1.Please put the letter ____________ he can easily find it. A.in which B. where C. the place where D.in the place 2.The house ____________ the

35、re is a big tree was built more than 1000 years ago. A. which B. that C.in the front of which D.in front of which 3.Antarctic，____________ we know very little is covered with thick ice all the year round. A. which B. where C. that D. about which 4.The re

36、ason ____________ I was away from school is ____________ I was ill yesterday. A. that；that B. why；why C. why；that D.t hat；why 5.It was a meeting ____________ importance I didn’t realize at that time. A. which B. of which C. that D. whose Suggested answers： 1

37、~5 BDDCD Step 8 Homework 1 .Review the Attributive Clause. 2. Do WB P71.Ex 1.2. ●板書(shū)設(shè)計(jì) Unit 5 Nelson Mandela—a modern hero The Third Period The Attributive Clause 1. The differences between the Restrictive Attributive Clause and the Non-restrictive Attributive Clause. 2.The use of the relati

38、ve words： （1）Relative pronouns：who，whom，whose，that，which （2）Relative adverbs：where，when，why 3. The differences between “that” and “which”. ●活動(dòng)與探究 This activity is designed to make a deep research into the attributive clause. The students are asked to design some exercises about the attributive

39、clause. And then they can exchange exercises each other and check themselves. The purpose of this activity is to help the students make sense of the usage of the attributive clause. ●備課資料 Ⅰ. Some exercises about the Attributive Clause 1.A football fan（球迷） is ____________ has a strong interest in

40、football. A. a thing that B. something that C .a person who D. what 2.The house，____________ was destroyed in the terrible fire，has been repaired. A. the roof of which B. which roof C. its roof D. the roof 3.Can you lend me the novel ____________ the other da

41、y？ A. that you talked B. you talked about it C. which you talked with D. you talked about 4.The matter ____________ you were arguing about last night has been settled. A. that B. what C. why D. for which 5.Who ____________ has common sense（常識(shí)） will do such a thing？ A. w

42、hich B. who C. whom D. that 6.All the apples ____________ fell down were eaten by the pigs. A. that B. those C. which D. what 7.They asked him to tell them everything ____________ he saw at the front. A. what B. that C. which D. where 8.I’ll tell you ____________

43、he told me last night. A. all which B. all what C. that all D. all 9.A child ____________ parents are dead is called an orphan. A. who B. who’s C. whose D. which 10.Is this the museum ____________ you visited the other day？ A .that B. where C.in which D. the one

44、11.Is this museum ____________ some German friends visited last Wednesday？ A. that B. where C.in which D. the one 12.—How do you like the book？ —It’s quite different from ____________ I read last month. A. that B. which C. the one D. the one what 13.The

45、 train ____________ she was traveling was late. A. which B. where C. on which D.in that 14.He has lost the key to the drawer ____________ the papers are kept. A. where B. on which C. under which D. which 15.It’s the third time ____________ late this month.

46、 A. that you arrived B. when you arrived C. that you’ve arrived D. when you’ve arrived 16.He often helps the students ____________ he thinks are not quick at their studies. A. whom B. who C. when D. because 17.The Second World War ____________ millions of people

47、 were killed ended in 1945. A. when B. during that C.in which D. which 18.Mr Crossett will never forget the day ____________ he spent with his various students. A. when B. which C. during which D. on which 19.This is just the place ____________ I am longing t

48、o visit these years. A. that B where C.in which D.to where 20.We are going to spend the Spring Festival in Guangzhou，____________ live my grandparents and some relatives. A. which B. that C. who D. where Suggested answers： 1~5 CADAD 6~10 ABDCA 11~15 DCCA

49、C 16~20 BCBAD Ⅱ. The attributive clause 定語(yǔ)從句 1.“介詞＋關(guān)系代詞“是一個(gè)普遍使用的結(jié)構(gòu) （1）“介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”可以引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句，也可以引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句?！敖樵~＋關(guān)系代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)中的介詞可以是 in，on，about，from，for，with，to，at，of，without 等，關(guān)系代詞只可用whom或 which，不可用 that。 （2）from where為“介詞＋關(guān)系副詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，但也可以引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。 We stood at the top of the hill，from where we can see th

50、e town. （3）像listen to，look at，depend on，pay attention to，take care of等固定短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，在定語(yǔ)從句中一般不宜將介詞與動(dòng)詞分開(kāi)。 This is the boy whom she has taken care of. 2.關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句 （1）關(guān)系副詞也可以引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系副詞在從句中分別表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)或原因。關(guān)系副詞when在從句中充當(dāng)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，where 充當(dāng)?shù)攸c(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，why充當(dāng)原因狀語(yǔ)。 （2）that可引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)或原因，that有時(shí)可以代替關(guān)系副詞 when，where 或者why引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)

51、從句表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)或原因，在 that引導(dǎo)的這種定語(yǔ)從句中，that也可以省去。 3.限制性定語(yǔ)從句與非限制性定語(yǔ)從句 （1）二者差異比較 限制定語(yǔ)從句緊跟先行詞，同先行詞之間一般不加逗號(hào)，僅修飾先行詞，可以由關(guān)系代詞、關(guān)系副詞或that來(lái)引導(dǎo)。非限制性定語(yǔ)從句僅作補(bǔ)充或說(shuō)明，用逗號(hào)與主句隔開(kāi)，既可修飾先行詞，又可修飾整個(gè)主句，不可用that引導(dǎo)。 （2）關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的選擇依據(jù) 弄清代替先行詞的關(guān)系詞在從句中作什么成分，作狀語(yǔ)的應(yīng)選用關(guān)系副詞，作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)的可選用關(guān)系代詞。 （3）先行詞與定語(yǔ)從句隔離。定語(yǔ)從句一般緊跟在先行詞之后，但定語(yǔ)從句與先行詞之間有時(shí)也會(huì)插入別的

52、成分，構(gòu)成先行詞與定語(yǔ)從句的隔離。 He was the only person in this country who was invited. 4.as在定語(yǔ)從句中的用法 （1）引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句和非限制性定語(yǔ)從句（1）as多與such 或the same連用，可以代替先行詞是人或物的名詞。 （2）as 也可單獨(dú)使用，引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，作用相當(dāng)于which。 The elephant’s nose is like a snake，as anybody can see. （3）the same... that與 the same...as在意思上是不同的。 2.as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的位置。as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句位置較靈活，可以位于主句前面、中間或后面，一般用逗號(hào)與主句隔開(kāi)，但which所引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句只能放在主句之后。 As is expected，the England team won the football match. The earth runs around the sun，as is known by everyone.