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1、Present perfect tensePresent perfect tense現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài) 8BUnit 2 Grammar 2用法用法1：現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)的含義是表示過去現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)的含義是表示過去發(fā)生的或已完成的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影發(fā)生的或已完成的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。特點是既涉及過去，又聯(lián)系響或結(jié)果。特點是既涉及過去，又聯(lián)系現(xiàn)在：動作是過去發(fā)生的，結(jié)果是現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在：動作是過去發(fā)生的，結(jié)果是現(xiàn)在存在的。存在的。 Look! The blackboard is so clean now. He has cleaned the blackboard. ( (他已經(jīng)擦過黑板了。他已經(jīng)擦過黑板

2、了。)這句話所表示的結(jié)果是黑板現(xiàn)在是干凈的。這句話所表示的結(jié)果是黑板現(xiàn)在是干凈的。EXERCISE: FILL IN THE BLANKS WITH THE RIGHT VERB TENSE: 1. It _（rain）for a week. 2. I dont know this woman. I _（meet, never）her. 3.Lets go to the cinema. No, I_（see, already） the film. 4. We_（finish, not）our homework yet. Will you wait a minute? 5. John _ （co

3、me, not）yet. He will be back in a minute. has rainedhave never methave already seenhavent finishedhasnt come 6. Mr. Green often goes to America. In fact, he _（be）there ten times. 7. Wheres John? He_ just _（go）to the teachers office. 8. She _（study）English since she was ten. She _（begin）to study Engl

4、ish when she was ten. 9. Jim isnt here. He _（go）to the library. He _（go）there an hour ago. 10. They _（travel, never）on a train.has been has gonehas studiedbeganhas gonewenthave never traveled用法用法2：表示動作或狀態(tài)從過去開：表示動作或狀態(tài)從過去開始一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在甚至將來始一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在甚至將來Mike borrowed the books two days ago.Mike has kept the b

5、ooks for two days.1.We have learnt English_ 3 years. _ 3 years ago._ we _(come)hereforsincecame_How long have you learnt English?5. for + 一段時間一段時間 since + 過去的時間點過去的時間點 就畫線提問用就畫線提問用how long想一想想一想since標志詞：標志詞：FOR +一段時間一段時間, SINCE+過去過去的時間點的時間點, THESE YEARS, SO FAR, IN THE PAST/LAST YEARS We _ (learn) E

6、nglish for three years/ since two years ago/since 2000. Mr. Green _ (be) in China these years. They _(write) 15 songs so far. The population _ (grow) more slowly in the past ten years.Have learnedhas beenhave writtenhas grown( )( )( )( )( )( )( )( )I have bought a new dictionary for a week. I have h

7、ad a new dictionary for a week.我買一本新詞典已有一星期了。我買一本新詞典已有一星期了。They have come here for two days.They have been here for two days.他們來這兒已經(jīng)兩天了。他們來這兒已經(jīng)兩天了。He has joined the League member for two years.He has been a League member for two years.他已入團兩年了。他已入團兩年了。The man has been dead for several years.The man h

8、as died for several years.這個人已經(jīng)死了幾年了。這個人已經(jīng)死了幾年了。常見的非延續(xù)性動詞與延續(xù)性動詞的轉(zhuǎn)換。常見的非延續(xù)性動詞與延續(xù)性動詞的轉(zhuǎn)換。buy have go out be out leave be away begin/start be oncome/go be in/at borrow keepjoin be a member die be deadcatch a cold have a cold become befall asleep be asleep open be open get to know know close-be closedarr

9、ive-be in/at get married-be marriedStopbe over 1.I have borrowed the book for 2 weeks. ( )2.The film has begun for 5 minutes.( )kept been on1. 這輛自行車我買了兩年了。這輛自行車我買了兩年了。 Ive _ the bike _ two years.2. He left Nanjing two years ago. He _ _ _ _ Nanjing for two years.3. The monkey died last month. The mon

10、key _ _ _ for a month.4. A: Hong long _ you _ ( ) B: Two weeks. A.did,get ill B. have,fallen ill C. were,ill D. have,been illhad forhas been away fromhas been deadD1.She isnt here now because she _ the zoo. A.has been to B. have gone to C. has gone to2.The Greens _ Guilin twice. D.have gone to A.hav

11、e been to B. have been in C. has been in3.Lily has made lots of friends since she _ here. A. come B. has been C. came D. coming4.My parents _ in Beijing since 1995. A. are living B. have lived C. lived D. will live5.His grandma _ for 2 years.A.Was died B. has died C. was dead D. has been deadCACBDex

12、ercise1.-Have you _ the bike? -Yes ,I _ it 10 minutes ago.(mend)2.-I have _ the film “Titanic”. -When _ you _ it?(see) 3.Im sorry, I havent got any money.Ive_ (leave ) my handbag at home.4.I have _(read) the book.5.Its a long time since we _ (meet) last year.6.Look! The train _ just _. ( come)mended

13、mendedseendidseeleftreadmethascomeexercise現(xiàn)在完成時，強調(diào)這一動作產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果對現(xiàn)現(xiàn)在完成時，強調(diào)這一動作產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果對現(xiàn)在的影響，與現(xiàn)在有關(guān)。在的影響，與現(xiàn)在有關(guān)。 一般過去時，僅僅表示在過去某一時刻曾發(fā)一般過去時，僅僅表示在過去某一時刻曾發(fā)生過這一動作，與現(xiàn)在無關(guān)。生過這一動作，與現(xiàn)在無關(guān)。 他已學(xué)英語五年了。他已學(xué)英語五年了。 He has studied English for five years. 他曾學(xué)過五年英語。他曾學(xué)過五年英語。 He studied English for five years. （說明他還繼續(xù)學(xué)下去）（說明他還繼續(xù)學(xué)下

14、去） （只說明他過去學(xué)過五年英語，但現(xiàn)在不學(xué)了。）（只說明他過去學(xué)過五年英語，但現(xiàn)在不學(xué)了。） 一般過去時與現(xiàn)在完成時有一些明一般過去時與現(xiàn)在完成時有一些明顯的時間狀語。顯的時間狀語。 遇到遇到y(tǒng)esterday, Last year, in May, in+過過去某一年，去某一年，two days ago, the other day, just now等就用一般過去時等就用一般過去時 當有當有 so far, in the past/ last few days(在在過去過去/最近的幾年里最近的幾年里)，since接過去時間接過去時間狀語或過去時的句子狀語或過去時的句子等常用現(xiàn)在完成時等常用現(xiàn)在完成時 He _(work) in our school for one year.He _(come) to our school last year/in 2002.They _(cook) the supper already.They _ (cook) the supper half an hour ago.Finish the exercises on Page 33Bye-bye!Bye-bye!