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1、必修2 Units 12話題之三話題之三 意見征詢意見征詢 三年三年5考考 2011全國卷全國卷假定你是李華，你所喜愛的假定你是李華，你所喜愛的Global Mirror周周報(bào)在創(chuàng)刊五周年之際征集讀者意見。請(qǐng)你依據(jù)以下內(nèi)容給主編報(bào)在創(chuàng)刊五周年之際征集讀者意見。請(qǐng)你依據(jù)以下內(nèi)容給主編寫封信，內(nèi)容主要包括：寫封信，內(nèi)容主要包括：1說明你是該報(bào)的忠實(shí)讀者說明你是該報(bào)的忠實(shí)讀者2贊賞贊賞該報(bào)優(yōu)點(diǎn)：該報(bào)優(yōu)點(diǎn)：1)兼顧國內(nèi)外新聞兼顧國內(nèi)外新聞2)介紹名人成功故事介紹名人成功故事3提出建議：提出建議：刊登指導(dǎo)英語學(xué)習(xí)的文章。注意：詞數(shù)刊登指導(dǎo)英語學(xué)習(xí)的文章。注意：詞數(shù)100左右。左右。Dear Editor

2、-in-Chief, Congratulations on the 5th anniversary of Global Mirror! Im a loyal reader of your newspaper. There is no denying the fact that it has many advantages. For my part, I like it for the following two reasons. For one thing, it covers both national and international news so that I can know mo

3、re about the world and broaden my horizon by simply turning the pages. For another, the success stories of world-famous people help me shape my sense of value and it is their success stories that make me decide to spare no effort to make the world a better place. As a student, I suggest that Global

4、Mirror publish some articles about English learning and I hope that it will become even more popular. Sincerely yours, Li Hua1. 全文內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)清晰、全面符合要求。首先說明自己是該報(bào)刊全文內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)清晰、全面符合要求。首先說明自己是該報(bào)刊的忠實(shí)讀者。接下來介紹該報(bào)優(yōu)點(diǎn)。最后提出改進(jìn)建議。的忠實(shí)讀者。接下來介紹該報(bào)優(yōu)點(diǎn)。最后提出改進(jìn)建議。2. 全文行文流暢，句式多樣，用詞高級(jí)、得體。全文行文流暢，句式多樣，用詞高級(jí)、得體。高級(jí)詞匯和短語：高級(jí)詞匯和短語：loyal, broa

5、den ones horizon, shape ones sense of value, spare no effort多樣句型：多樣句型：There is no denying. . . , . . . so that. . . , Its. . . that. . . 語篇過渡語：語篇過渡語：For my part, For one thing, For another【佳作習(xí)得【佳作習(xí)得】用強(qiáng)調(diào)句型強(qiáng)調(diào)畫線詞用強(qiáng)調(diào)句型強(qiáng)調(diào)畫線詞_ did you know about the matter? WhatWhat was it that you knew about the matter?

6、基礎(chǔ)指導(dǎo)（三）基礎(chǔ)指導(dǎo)（三）遣詞造句遣詞造句一、遣詞煉語一、遣詞煉語1. 用詞準(zhǔn)確、得體用詞準(zhǔn)確、得體 2. 選詞高級(jí)選詞高級(jí)3. 用詞多樣用詞多樣 4. 避免重復(fù)避免重復(fù)(1)我把鑰匙忘在車?yán)锪?。我把鑰匙忘在車?yán)锪?。A. I forgot my keys in the car. (F)B. I left my keys in the car. (T)(2)他整天玩電腦游戲，結(jié)果考試失敗了。他整天玩電腦游戲，結(jié)果考試失敗了。A. He was playing computer games all the time; as a result, he failed in the exam. B.

7、He buried himself in the computer games; consequently, he failed in the exam. (較好較好)二、連詞成句二、連詞成句選擇好詞匯后，連詞成句是十分關(guān)鍵的一步。其中應(yīng)注意選擇好詞匯后，連詞成句是十分關(guān)鍵的一步。其中應(yīng)注意以下幾點(diǎn)以下幾點(diǎn): 1. 完整完整 2. 連貫連貫 3. 簡潔簡潔 4. 強(qiáng)調(diào)強(qiáng)調(diào) 5. 多樣多樣（1）使用與別人不同的表達(dá)方式，特別是能打破漢語句子）使用與別人不同的表達(dá)方式，特別是能打破漢語句子結(jié)構(gòu)的束縛而重組的句子更受歡迎。結(jié)構(gòu)的束縛而重組的句子更受歡迎。所有的同學(xué)在我起床之前已開始讀英語了。所有的同

8、學(xué)在我起床之前已開始讀英語了。A. All the classmates had started reading English before I did not get up. (F)B. All the classmates had started reading English before I got up. (T)我今天早晨收到了你十月十八日的來信。我今天早晨收到了你十月十八日的來信。A. I received your letter which was written on October 18th this morning. B. Your letter of October 1

9、8th reached me this morning. （較好）（較好）（2）使用一些表達(dá)感情的句式，如強(qiáng)調(diào)句、感嘆句、倒裝）使用一些表達(dá)感情的句式，如強(qiáng)調(diào)句、感嘆句、倒裝句等，增強(qiáng)語句的表現(xiàn)力。例如：句等，增強(qiáng)語句的表現(xiàn)力。例如：只是當(dāng)他回來時(shí)我們才查明了真相。只是當(dāng)他回來時(shí)我們才查明了真相。Only when he returned did we find out the truth. (倒裝倒裝)湯姆是在公園里丟的那塊手表。湯姆是在公園里丟的那塊手表。It was in the park that Tom lost his watch. (強(qiáng)調(diào)句式強(qiáng)調(diào)句式)他四處張望，好像在找什么東西

10、。他四處張望，好像在找什么東西。He looked everywhere as if in search of something. (省略省略)（3）句式多樣，復(fù)雜得體。在寫作中應(yīng)避免使用相同長度）句式多樣，復(fù)雜得體。在寫作中應(yīng)避免使用相同長度的相同句式，而應(yīng)注意句式的變化，如長短句結(jié)合，簡單句、的相同句式，而應(yīng)注意句式的變化，如長短句結(jié)合，簡單句、并列句與復(fù)合句共用；一些較復(fù)雜的結(jié)構(gòu)如獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)、分并列句與復(fù)合句共用；一些較復(fù)雜的結(jié)構(gòu)如獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)、分詞結(jié)構(gòu)等也可使用。詞結(jié)構(gòu)等也可使用。他的父親是否能痊愈還是個(gè)問題。他為此非常焦慮不安。他的父親是否能痊愈還是個(gè)問題。他為此非常焦慮不安。W

11、hether his father will recover is still a problem. And he is very upset. （簡單句與復(fù)合句共用）（簡單句與復(fù)合句共用）如果天氣允許，如果天氣允許， 我們明天就去看你。我們明天就去看你。Weather permitting, we are going to visit you tomorrow. （獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)）（獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)）（4）如果某些要點(diǎn)很難直接、恰如其分地表達(dá)出來，最好）如果某些要點(diǎn)很難直接、恰如其分地表達(dá)出來，最好學(xué)會(huì)句式變通，不要生搬硬套。學(xué)會(huì)句式變通，不要生搬硬套。湖東有兩個(gè)城鎮(zhèn)。湖東有兩個(gè)城鎮(zhèn)。A. Two

12、 towns lie to the east of the lake. B. Two towns lie east of the lake. C. East of the lake are/lie two towns. D. There are two towns (to be) east of the lake. . 一句多譯一句多譯1. 我們到達(dá)農(nóng)場時(shí)，受到了農(nóng)民的熱烈歡迎。我們到達(dá)農(nóng)場時(shí)，受到了農(nóng)民的熱烈歡迎。When we got to the farm, we were given a warm welcome by the farmers. =When _ the farm, we

13、 _ a warm welcome from the farmers. =On _, we were _ by the farmers. reachingreceivedarriving at the farmwarmly welcomed2. 我寧愿呆在家里也不愿去看電影。我寧愿呆在家里也不愿去看電影。I prefer _ at home rather than _ the film. =I prefer _ at home to _ see the film. =I would rather _ at home than _ the film. to staygo to seestayin

14、ggoing tostaygo to see3. 北京是一座著名的、有著許多名勝古跡的現(xiàn)代化城市。北京是一座著名的、有著許多名勝古跡的現(xiàn)代化城市。Beijing is a famous modern city which/ that has many places of historical interest. =Beijing is a _ modern city _ there are a lot of places of historical interest. =Beijing is a _ modern city _ lots of places of historical inte

15、rest. well-knownwhere/in whichworld-famouswith. 選擇適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~填空選擇適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~填空1. Look around when you walk _ the street. (across/through)2. She lives _ and often feels _. (alone/lonely)3. He was _ enough to check up every detail. (careful/attentive)4. We _ Christmas with a tree and many presents. (congratulate/

16、celebrate)5. It is the _ in China to eat dumplings during the Spring Festival. (habit/custom)acrossalonelonelycarefulcelebratecustom. 改寫下列句子，使其更加簡潔改寫下列句子，使其更加簡潔1. Do you know the girl who is dressed in red? 2. A teacher who has experience should have an idea about what he should do in such a situati

17、on. Do you know the girl in red?An experienced teacher should know what to do in such a situation.3. Tom has been accepted into college and Jack has been accepted into college as well. 4. Look out for cars while you are crossing the street. 5. Because of the fact that I had a lot of work to do, it w

18、asnt possible for me to accept their invitation. Tom has been accepted into college and Jack has, as well. Look out for cars while crossing the street.I was too busy to accept their invitation. 狀語從句狀語從句狀語從句是高考中必考考點(diǎn)，主要集中在對(duì)連詞的選擇、狀語從句是高考中必考考點(diǎn)，主要集中在對(duì)連詞的選擇、時(shí)態(tài)的正確運(yùn)用以及狀語從句的語序及省略的綜合考查。復(fù)習(xí)時(shí)態(tài)的正確運(yùn)用以及狀語從句的語序及省略的綜

19、合考查。復(fù)習(xí)狀語從句時(shí)應(yīng)注意以下幾點(diǎn)：狀語從句時(shí)應(yīng)注意以下幾點(diǎn)：1. 弄清連詞的意思；弄清連詞的意思；2. 根據(jù)語境根據(jù)語境選用合適的連詞；選用合適的連詞；3. 注意主從句時(shí)態(tài)的呼應(yīng)；注意主從句時(shí)態(tài)的呼應(yīng)；4. 搞清狀語從句搞清狀語從句中語序及省略的要求和用法。中語序及省略的要求和用法。1. 2011四川，四川，4Frank insisted that he was not asleep _waking him up. (although)盡管我費(fèi)了好大勁才叫醒弗蘭克盡管我費(fèi)了好大勁才叫醒弗蘭克, 但是他堅(jiān)持說他沒有睡覺。但是他堅(jiān)持說他沒有睡覺。2. 2011四川，四川，6As is repo

20、rted, it is over 100 years _. (since)據(jù)報(bào)道，清華大學(xué)建校有據(jù)報(bào)道，清華大學(xué)建校有100多年了。多年了。3. 2011全國卷全國卷，22 _, Sue couldnt get the door open. (as)盡管蘇已盡力了，但她還是沒能把門打開。盡管蘇已盡力了，但她還是沒能把門打開。although I had great difficulty insinceTry as she mightQinghua University was founded4. 2011山東，山東，28He had his camera ready _ would make

21、a good picture. (case)他準(zhǔn)備好了照相機(jī)以免他看到什么美景而無法拍攝下來。他準(zhǔn)備好了照相機(jī)以免他看到什么美景而無法拍攝下來。5. 2011江西，江西，29Please call my secretary to arrange a meeting this afternoon, or _. (whenever)請(qǐng)打電話給我的秘書安排今天下午開會(huì)，或者安排在你方便時(shí)。請(qǐng)打電話給我的秘書安排今天下午開會(huì)，或者安排在你方便時(shí)。in case he sawwhenever it is convenient to yousomething that6. 2011遼寧，遼寧，25 _ m

22、ay be, it is not necessarily lifeless. (matter)不管沙漠可能有多么干燥，它也并不一定是沒有生命存在的。不管沙漠可能有多么干燥，它也并不一定是沒有生命存在的。7. 2011遼寧，遼寧，29He had _ the students started cheering. (sooner)他一完成演講學(xué)生們就開始?xì)g呼起來了。他一完成演講學(xué)生們就開始?xì)g呼起來了。No matter how dry a desertno sooner finished his speech than8. 2011陜西，陜西，19_ strong candidates, only

23、 one will be chosen for the post. (while)雖然他們中所有的人都是強(qiáng)勁的候選人，但是只能有一個(gè)將被雖然他們中所有的人都是強(qiáng)勁的候選人，但是只能有一個(gè)將被選出來擔(dān)當(dāng)這個(gè)職位。選出來擔(dān)當(dāng)這個(gè)職位。9. 2011湖南，湖南，33Jack wasnt saying anything, but the teacher smiled at him _. (as)杰克沒說一句話，但老師卻對(duì)著他微笑，好像他做了什么非常杰克沒說一句話，但老師卻對(duì)著他微笑，好像他做了什么非常聰明的事情似的。聰明的事情似的。While all of them areas if he had d

24、one something very clever10. 2011上海，上海，36If a lot of people say a film is not good, I wont bother to see it, or Ill wait _ on DVD. (until)如果許多人都說一部電影不好的話，我不會(huì)費(fèi)心去觀看它，或如果許多人都說一部電影不好的話，我不會(huì)費(fèi)心去觀看它，或者我將一直等到它的者我將一直等到它的DVD版的電影出版。版的電影出版。11. 2011上海，上海，37The police officers in our city work hard _. (order)為了我們能

25、過上安全的生活，我們城市的警察工作很努力。為了我們能過上安全的生活，我們城市的警察工作很努力。until it comes outin order that we can live a safe life12. 2011全國卷全國卷，19It was a nice meal, _ . (though)盡管有點(diǎn)貴，但這是一頓美餐。盡管有點(diǎn)貴，但這是一頓美餐。13. 2011重慶，重慶，30To show our respect, we usually have to take our gloves off _. (whoever)不論我們要和誰握手，為了表示尊敬，我們通常要摘掉手套。不論我們要和

26、誰握手，為了表示尊敬，我們通常要摘掉手套。though a littlewhoever we are to shake hands withexpensive14. 2010重慶，重慶，32Today, we will begin _ yesterday so that no point will be left out. (where)今天，我們將從昨天停下的地方開始講解，目的是不漏掉要點(diǎn)。今天，我們將從昨天停下的地方開始講解，目的是不漏掉要點(diǎn)。15. 2010陜西，陜西，20John thinks it _ he is ready for his new job. (before)約翰認(rèn)為

27、不久他就能為他的新工作做好準(zhǔn)備。約翰認(rèn)為不久他就能為他的新工作做好準(zhǔn)備。where we stoppedwont be long before16. 2010福建，福建，26The girl had hardly rung the bell _ suddenly, and her friend rushed out to greet her. (when)這個(gè)女孩剛一按門鈴，門就突然打開了，她的朋友就沖了出來這個(gè)女孩剛一按門鈴，門就突然打開了，她的朋友就沖了出來迎接她。迎接她。17. 2010四川，四川，20Because of the heavy traffic, it was alread

28、y time for lunch break _. (when)因?yàn)槁飞隙萝?，她到辦公室時(shí)已經(jīng)是吃午飯的時(shí)間了。因?yàn)槁飞隙萝?，她到辦公室時(shí)已經(jīng)是吃午飯的時(shí)間了。whenwhen she got to her officethe door was opened18. 2010全國卷全國卷，30The little boy wont go to sleep _. (unless)除非他媽媽給他講一個(gè)故事，否則這個(gè)小男孩就不會(huì)去睡覺。除非他媽媽給他講一個(gè)故事，否則這個(gè)小男孩就不會(huì)去睡覺。19. 2010安徽，安徽，29The engineers are so busy that they have

29、zero time for outdoor sports activities, _. (even)這些工程師是如此繁忙以至于沒時(shí)間參加戶外體育活動(dòng)，即使這些工程師是如此繁忙以至于沒時(shí)間參加戶外體育活動(dòng)，即使他們有這樣的興趣。他們有這樣的興趣。unlesseven if they have thehis mother tells him a storyinterest20. 2010北京，北京，30 _, students should research the admission procedures. (once)學(xué)生們一旦決定了上哪所大學(xué)，就應(yīng)該研究入學(xué)程序。學(xué)生們一旦決定了上哪所大學(xué)，

30、就應(yīng)該研究入學(xué)程序。21. 2010江西，江西，22Our holiday cost a lot of money. Did it? Well, that doesnt matter _. (as)我們的假期花了很多錢。我們的假期花了很多錢。是嗎？不過沒關(guān)系，只要你們玩得高興就行。是嗎？不過沒關(guān)系，只要你們玩得高興就行。Once they decide which college to go toas long as you enjoyedyourselves22. 2010遼寧，遼寧，29The old man asked Lucy to move to another chair _ hi

31、s wife. (because)這位老人請(qǐng)露西移到另外一把椅子上，因?yàn)樗敫钠拮影み@位老人請(qǐng)露西移到另外一把椅子上，因?yàn)樗敫钠拮影ぶＶ?3. 2009江西，江西，24According to statistics, a man is more than twice likely to die of skin cancer _. (as)據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)，男性死于皮膚癌的幾率是女性的兩倍多。據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)，男性死于皮膚癌的幾率是女性的兩倍多。 because he wanted to sit next toas a woman表表1 常用狀語從句連詞一覽表常用狀語從句連詞一覽表狀語從句類狀語從

32、句類型及其從屬型及其從屬連詞連詞要要 點(diǎn)點(diǎn) 歸歸 納納 典典 句句 例例 示示 時(shí)間時(shí)間狀語狀語從句從句(通常通常用現(xiàn)用現(xiàn)在時(shí)在時(shí)表示表示將來將來的意的意義義)1. 從句的動(dòng)作和主句的動(dòng)從句的動(dòng)作和主句的動(dòng)作可以同時(shí)發(fā)生，也可以作可以同時(shí)發(fā)生，也可以先后發(fā)生。從句謂語動(dòng)詞先后發(fā)生。從句謂語動(dòng)詞為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞或非延續(xù)性為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞或非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。動(dòng)詞。2. when作并列連詞，意為作并列連詞，意為“那時(shí)，這時(shí)那時(shí)，這時(shí)”; 還表示原還表示原因，意為因，意為“既然既然”, 引導(dǎo)原引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句。因狀語從句。When I lived here, I used to go to the seashor

33、e on Sundays. We were having a meeting when someone came in. It was foolish of you to take a taxi when you could easily walk there in five minutes. when狀語從句類狀語從句類型及其從屬型及其從屬連詞連詞要要 點(diǎn)點(diǎn) 歸歸 納納 典典 句句 例例 示示 1. 從句的動(dòng)作與主句的動(dòng)從句的動(dòng)作與主句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，強(qiáng)調(diào)一段時(shí)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，強(qiáng)調(diào)一段時(shí)間，從句的謂語動(dòng)詞為延間，從句的謂語動(dòng)詞為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。2. while作并列連詞，意為作并列連詞，意

34、為“而，卻而，卻”，表示對(duì)比，表示對(duì)比，還可表示還可表示“盡管盡管”，引導(dǎo)，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。讓步狀語從句。Please dont talk so loud while others are talking. Some people waste food while others havent enough. While I understand what you say, I cant agree with you. 從句的動(dòng)作與主句的動(dòng)作從句的動(dòng)作與主句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，從句謂語一般同時(shí)發(fā)生，從句謂語一般為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。As you grow older, youll know

35、better and better about yourself. 時(shí)間時(shí)間狀語狀語從句從句(通常通常用現(xiàn)用現(xiàn)在時(shí)在時(shí)表示表示將來將來的意的意義義)whileas狀語從句類狀語從句類型及其從屬型及其從屬連詞連詞要要 點(diǎn)點(diǎn) 歸歸 納納 典典 句句 例例 示示 1. 當(dāng)當(dāng)till/until所在句子的主句和從句所在句子的主句和從句都用肯定式時(shí)，主句的動(dòng)詞為延續(xù)都用肯定式時(shí)，主句的動(dòng)詞為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，此時(shí)性動(dòng)詞，此時(shí)till/until意為意為“一直一直到到為止為止”。如主句用否定形式，。如主句用否定形式，從句用肯定形式，此時(shí)主句的動(dòng)詞從句用肯定形式，此時(shí)主句的動(dòng)詞為非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，構(gòu)成為非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，

36、構(gòu)成not. . . till/until結(jié)構(gòu)，意為結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“直到直到才才”。2. 強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中多用強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中多用until。且對(duì)。且對(duì)not. . . until句式中句式中until引導(dǎo)的從句進(jìn)行強(qiáng)引導(dǎo)的從句進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)，要將調(diào)時(shí)，要將not與與until放在一起進(jìn)行放在一起進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)。強(qiáng)調(diào)。3. till不可以置于句首不可以置于句首,而而until可以?？梢?。The stranger waited till/until my master came home. I didnt go to bed until /till my father came back. It was not unti

37、l we pointed out their fault that they realized it. Until you told me I had no idea of it. 時(shí)間時(shí)間狀語狀語從句從句(通常通常用現(xiàn)用現(xiàn)在時(shí)在時(shí)表示表示將來將來的意的意義義)till與與until狀語從句類狀語從句類型及其從屬型及其從屬連詞連詞要要 點(diǎn)點(diǎn) 歸歸 納納 典典 句句 例例 示示 1. before本意為本意為“在在之前之前”，還可引申為，還可引申為“還還未未就就”“不到不到就就”“才才” “趁，還沒來得及趁，還沒來得及”。2. It will be+一段時(shí)間一段時(shí)間+before. . . 表示

38、表示“多久之多久之后才后才”。We had sailed four days and four nights before we saw land. （才才）We hadnt run a mile before he felt tired. （還（還未未就就）Please write it down before you forget it. （趁）（趁）Before I could get in a word, he had measured me. （還沒來得及）（還沒來得及）時(shí)間時(shí)間狀語狀語從句從句(通常通常用現(xiàn)用現(xiàn)在時(shí)在時(shí)表示表示將來將來的意的意義義)before和和since狀語從句

39、類狀語從句類型及其從屬型及其從屬連詞連詞要要 點(diǎn)點(diǎn) 歸歸 納納 典典 句句 例例 示示 3. since意為意為“自從自從時(shí)時(shí)”，主句用完成時(shí)。主句用完成時(shí)。since引導(dǎo)的引導(dǎo)的從句如果用非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，從句如果用非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，所表示的是自從句謂語動(dòng)作所表示的是自從句謂語動(dòng)作算起；若用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞或狀算起；若用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞或狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞，所表示的就是自動(dòng)態(tài)動(dòng)詞，所表示的就是自動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的完成或結(jié)束時(shí)算作或狀態(tài)的完成或結(jié)束時(shí)算起。起。It wont be long before we meet again. （不（不久久就就）Its two years since we arrived here. 我們

40、到這兒兩年了。我們到這兒兩年了。I havent heard from him since he lived here. 自從他不在這兒住以來自從他不在這兒住以來我就沒收到過他的來信。我就沒收到過他的來信。時(shí)間時(shí)間狀語狀語從句從句(通常通常用現(xiàn)用現(xiàn)在時(shí)在時(shí)表示表示將來將來的意的意義義)before和和since狀語從句類型及其從屬狀語從句類型及其從屬連詞連詞要要 點(diǎn)點(diǎn) 歸歸 納納 典典 句句 例例 示示 這些從屬連詞引導(dǎo)這些從屬連詞引導(dǎo)的從句都表示從句的從句都表示從句的動(dòng)作一發(fā)生，主的動(dòng)作一發(fā)生，主句的動(dòng)作隨即發(fā)生，句的動(dòng)作隨即發(fā)生，常譯作常譯作“一一就就”。The moment I hear

41、d the voice, I knew Father was coming. He rushed upstairs immediately he heard a loud noise. 時(shí)間時(shí)間狀語狀語從句從句(通常通常用現(xiàn)用現(xiàn)在時(shí)在時(shí)表示表示將來將來的意的意義義)as soon as; immediately; directly; instantly; the moment/ minute; no sooner. . . than. . . ; hardly/scarcely. . . when狀語從句類型及其從屬狀語從句類型及其從屬連詞連詞要要 點(diǎn)點(diǎn) 歸歸 納納 典典 句句 例例 示示 b

42、y the time引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句時(shí)間狀語從句時(shí)，主句一般時(shí)，主句一般用將來完成時(shí)用將來完成時(shí)或過去完成時(shí)或過去完成時(shí)The first time he received his salary of thirty-two dollars, he was excited. By the time he arrived at the airport, the plane had taken off. 時(shí)間時(shí)間狀語狀語從句從句(通常通常用現(xiàn)用現(xiàn)在時(shí)在時(shí)表示表示將來將來的意的意義義)the first/second. . . time; every/each time; by the time;

43、 any time意為意為“每當(dāng)每當(dāng)時(shí)時(shí)”,可以換用可以換用every/ each time。Whenever the man says“To tell the truth”, I suspect that hes about to tell a lie. whenever狀語從句類型狀語從句類型及其從屬連詞及其從屬連詞要要 點(diǎn)點(diǎn) 歸歸 納納 典典 句句 例例 示示 1. 引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語從句的引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語從句的從屬連詞從屬連詞where, wherever指具體地點(diǎn)時(shí)，指具體地點(diǎn)時(shí)，從句可用于主句之前或從句可用于主句之前或之后；表示抽象條件的之后；表示抽象條件的含義時(shí)，從句須放在主含義時(shí)，從句須

44、放在主句之前。句之前。2. 注意區(qū)分注意區(qū)分where引導(dǎo)的引導(dǎo)的地點(diǎn)狀語從句與定語從地點(diǎn)狀語從句與定語從句。句。where引導(dǎo)的定語從引導(dǎo)的定語從句前面必須有一個(gè)表示句前面必須有一個(gè)表示地點(diǎn)的名詞作先行詞。地點(diǎn)的名詞作先行詞。Make a mark where you have any questions. Where there is a will, there is a way. Wherever he happens to be, John can make himself at home. We will go where we want to during this trip. （

45、狀語從句）（狀語從句）They went to all the places where they wanted to go during the trip. (定語從句定語從句)地地點(diǎn)點(diǎn)狀狀語語從從句句where; wherever狀語從句類型狀語從句類型及其從屬連詞及其從屬連詞要要 點(diǎn)點(diǎn) 歸歸 納納 典典 句句 例例 示示 because, as, since和和now that為從屬連詞，引導(dǎo)原為從屬連詞，引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句。因狀語從句。1. because表示直接原因表示直接原因和理由，語氣最強(qiáng)和理由，語氣最強(qiáng), 回答回答why引導(dǎo)的問句；用于引導(dǎo)的問句；用于it is. . . tha

46、t強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)（可強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)（可受受just, only, merely, simply, chiefly, mainly等等詞修飾）。詞修飾）。He is disappointed because he didnt get the position. As it is raining, I will not go out. Since/Now that no one is against it, lets carry out the plan. It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet. 原原因因狀狀語語從從句句because; s

47、ince; as; for; now (that); seeing (that); considering(that); in that狀語從句類型狀語從句類型及其從屬連詞及其從屬連詞要要 點(diǎn)點(diǎn) 歸歸 納納 典典 句句 例例 示示 2. since=now that表示不表示不言而喻的原因，語氣較言而喻的原因，語氣較because弱，比弱，比as強(qiáng)。強(qiáng)。as表示理由顯而易見，多表示理由顯而易見，多前置，語氣較弱。前置，語氣較弱。3. for并列連詞，表示推并列連詞，表示推測或判斷的理由，不能測或判斷的理由，不能位于句首。位于句首。He finished his task very well,

48、considering that it was quite difficult. Theory is valuable in that it can provide a direction for practice. 原原因因狀狀語語從從句句because; since; as; for; now (that); seeing (that); considering(that); in that狀語從句類型及其狀語從句類型及其從屬連詞從屬連詞要要 點(diǎn)點(diǎn) 歸歸 納納 典典 句句 例例 示示 在條件狀語在條件狀語從句中，用從句中，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替一般將代替一般將來時(shí)，一般來時(shí)，一般過去時(shí)

49、代替過去時(shí)代替過去將來時(shí)。過去將來時(shí)。If he is not in the office, he must be out for lunch. Youll fail the exam unless you study hard. As long as you dont lose heart, youll succeed. Suppose/Supposing (that)they refuse us, who else can we turn to for help? I will do it on condition that you help me. In case there is a

50、fire, what will we do first? 條條件件狀狀語語從從句句if; unless; so/as long as; once; in case; on condition that; supposing; suppose(that); provided(that); providing(that)狀語從句狀語從句類型及其類型及其從屬連詞從屬連詞要要 點(diǎn)點(diǎn) 歸歸 納納 典典 句句 例例 示示 1. so that/in order that引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo)的狀語從句中需用情態(tài)動(dòng)的狀語從句中需用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞詞can, could等。等。2. in order that引導(dǎo)的從句引導(dǎo)的從句可

51、位于主句前或后，可位于主句前或后，so that引導(dǎo)的從句只能位于引導(dǎo)的從句只能位于主句之后。主句之后。Ill speak slowly so that /in order that you can understand me. The boy hid himself behind the tree for fear that his father should see him. 目目的的狀狀語語從從句句so that; in order that; for fear that; in case狀語從句狀語從句類型及其類型及其從屬連詞從屬連詞要要 點(diǎn)點(diǎn) 歸歸 納納 典典 句句 例例 示示 3.

52、 for fear that(惟恐，以防）惟恐，以防）與與in case所引導(dǎo)的目的狀所引導(dǎo)的目的狀語從句中謂語動(dòng)詞有時(shí)也語從句中謂語動(dòng)詞有時(shí)也用用should/might/could+動(dòng)動(dòng)詞原形。詞原形。4. 目的狀語從句可以用目的狀語從句可以用so as to, in order to等不定式等不定式代替，但主句和從句的主代替，但主句和從句的主語必須一致。語必須一致。Take your umbrella in case it (should) rain. He ran fast so that he might arrive there before ten oclock. He ran

53、fast so as to arrive there before ten oclock. 目目的的狀狀語語從從句句so that; in order that; for fear that; in case狀語從句狀語從句類型及其類型及其從屬連詞從屬連詞要要 點(diǎn)點(diǎn) 歸歸 納納 典典 句句 例例 示示 1. so that引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句時(shí)，一般不用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞句時(shí)，一般不用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can, could等。等。2. 在在so. . . that. . . 結(jié)構(gòu)中，結(jié)構(gòu)中，so是副詞，只能修飾形容是副詞，只能修飾形容詞或副詞；而詞或副詞；而such. . . that. . . 結(jié)構(gòu)中

54、結(jié)構(gòu)中,such是形容詞是形容詞,修飾名詞或名詞詞組。但修飾名詞或名詞詞組。但so還可以與表示數(shù)量的還可以與表示數(shù)量的many, few, much,little連連用用,形成固定搭配。形成固定搭配。He didnt plan his time well, so that he didnt finish the work in time. He drove so carelessly that he almost lost his life. Jack is so honest a worker that we all believe him. =Jack is such an honest

55、worker that we all believe him. He got so little money that his family had to live on welfare. 結(jié)結(jié)果果狀狀語語從從句句so that; so. . . that; such. . . that狀語從句類型及狀語從句類型及其從屬連詞其從屬連詞要要 點(diǎn)點(diǎn) 歸歸 納納 典典 句句 例例 示示 1. although與與though引引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句，不導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句，不能與能與but連用，但可以連用，但可以與與yet, still, nevertheless連用。連用。2. though還可作副詞單還

56、可作副詞單獨(dú)置于句末，意為獨(dú)置于句末，意為“但但是，可是，不過是，可是，不過”。He is unhappy, though/although he has a lot of money. Ive a bit of cold. It is nothing much, though. Even if I were in your place, I wouldnt take the job. 讓讓步步狀狀語語從從句句although; though; as; even if/though; whether. . . or(not). . . ; while(盡管盡管); 疑問詞疑問詞+ever/no

57、 matter+疑問疑問詞詞狀語從句類型及其狀語從句類型及其從屬連詞從屬連詞要要 點(diǎn)點(diǎn) 歸歸 納納 典典 句句 例例 示示 3. even if/though從句從句中可用陳述語氣，也中可用陳述語氣，也可用虛擬語氣。可用虛擬語氣。4. whoever, whatever, whomever, whichever還可以引導(dǎo)名詞性從還可以引導(dǎo)名詞性從句。句。Whether we go to your place or stay here, we still have to find something to eat. Dont trust him, no matter what/whatever

58、he says. (讓步狀語從句讓步狀語從句)讓讓步步狀狀語語從從句句although; though; as; even if/though; whether. . . or(not). . . ; while(盡管盡管); 疑問詞疑問詞+ever/no matter+疑問疑問詞詞狀語從句類型及其狀語從句類型及其從屬連詞從屬連詞要要 點(diǎn)點(diǎn) 歸歸 納納 典典 句句 例例 示示 1. as if/though從句中從句中若與事實(shí)相反，用虛若與事實(shí)相反，用虛擬語氣，否則用陳述擬語氣，否則用陳述語氣。語氣。2. as if/though還可引還可引導(dǎo)表語從句。導(dǎo)表語從句。Do as you are

59、told, or youll be fired. The old lady treats the boy as if he were her own son. He looks as if/though he had been hit by lightning. 方方式式狀狀語語從從句句as if/though; as狀語從句類型及其狀語從句類型及其從屬連詞從屬連詞要要 點(diǎn)點(diǎn) 歸歸 納納 典典 句句 例例 示示 He worked as fast as a skilled worker. It rains more often in Shanghai than in Beijing. Your

60、 watch is not the same as mine. 比比較較狀狀語語從從句句as. . . as. . . ; not as/so. . . as. . . ; than; the same as等等I was doing my homework when my brother came in. It may not rain, but youd better take an umbrella in case. 特特別別提提醒醒1. when作并列連詞時(shí)，常用于作并列連詞時(shí)，常用于be about to do. . . when. . . ; be doing. . . when.

61、 . . ; had done. . . when. . . ; be on the point of doing. . . when. . . 等結(jié)構(gòu)中。等結(jié)構(gòu)中。2. in case還可看作副詞性短語，還可看作副詞性短語，表示表示“以防萬一以防萬一”。表表2 狀語從句注意事項(xiàng)狀語從句注意事項(xiàng)類類 型型 主要用法主要用法 典句例示典句例示 狀狀語語從從句句的的語語序序1. not until置于句首時(shí)主句要倒置于句首時(shí)主句要倒裝。裝。Not until we pointed out their fault did they realize it. 2. no sooner與與hardly/s

62、carcely引引導(dǎo)的主句謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用過去完導(dǎo)的主句謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用過去完成時(shí)，而成時(shí)，而than與與when從句中謂從句中謂語應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)。此外，當(dāng)語應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)。此外，當(dāng)把把no sooner和和hardly/scarcely提提到句首時(shí)，應(yīng)用倒裝語序。到句首時(shí)，應(yīng)用倒裝語序。No sooner had we arrived at the station than the train left. 類類 型型 主要用法主要用法 典句例示典句例示 狀狀語語從從句句的的語語序序3. 在在so/such. . . that. . . 句型中，如句型中，如果果so或或such置于句首，主句則用部置于

63、句首，主句則用部分倒裝。分倒裝。4. although引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時(shí)，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時(shí)，只能用正常語序，只能用正常語序，though在引導(dǎo)讓在引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時(shí)可用正常語序，也可步狀語從句時(shí)可用正常語序，也可用倒裝語序。用倒裝語序。as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句須用倒裝，句型為：須用倒裝，句型為：adj. /adv. /n. (一般不帶冠詞一般不帶冠詞)/v. (原形原形)+as+主語主語+謂語。謂語。Angry as he was, he managed to speak calmly. Child as he is, he knows a lot. Much as I love

64、 it, I will not buy it. Try as you will, you wont manage it. So fast did he walk that none of us was his equal. 類類 型型 主要用法主要用法 典句例示典句例示 狀狀語語從從句句的的省省略略在時(shí)間、條件、方式、讓步狀語在時(shí)間、條件、方式、讓步狀語從句中，如果從句的主語和主句從句中，如果從句的主語和主句主語一致或從句的主語為主語一致或從句的主語為it而且而且從句的謂語動(dòng)詞又包含從句的謂語動(dòng)詞又包含be, 就可就可以省略從句中的以省略從句中的“主語主語+be”部分，部分，構(gòu)成下列結(jié)構(gòu)：構(gòu)成

65、下列結(jié)構(gòu)： 1. 連詞連詞+分詞分詞 2. 連詞連詞+形容詞形容詞 3. 連詞連詞+介詞短語介詞短語 4. 連詞連詞+不定式不定式Dont speak until spoken to. Look out while crossing the street. Though cold, he still wore a shirt. Come tomorrow if possible. While in Beijing, I paid a visit to the Great Wall. He cleared his throat as if to say something. 1. Mr. Whi

66、te got _ he could hardly keep body and soul together(so)懷特先生每月掙這么少的錢以至于幾乎不能維持生活。懷特先生每月掙這么少的錢以至于幾乎不能維持生活。2. Steps _ this kind of disaster will never happen again. （so）必須采取措施，為的是這種災(zāi)難永不再發(fā)生。必須采取措施，為的是這種災(zāi)難永不再發(fā)生。so little money a month thatmust be taken so that3. They had _ it was time to check in. (sooner)他們剛到機(jī)場就到了辦理登機(jī)手續(xù)的時(shí)候了。他們剛到機(jī)場就到了辦理登機(jī)手續(xù)的時(shí)候了。4. Jack felt grateful to his teachers _ to express his thanks(even)杰克對(duì)老師感激不盡，盡管他無法找到合適的話語來表達(dá)他的杰克對(duì)老師感激不盡，盡管他無法找到合適的話語來表達(dá)他的謝意。謝意。no sooner arrived at the airpor