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1、2020學年人教版英語精品資料 必修一 Unit 4 Earthquakes Language points 教學重點 1. Enable the students to grasp the usages of such important new words and expressions as shake, injure, destroy, shock, rescue, right away, a great number of, give out, etc. 2. Get the students to master the usages of the patterns: “

2、It seemed that the world was at an end” and “All hope was not lost”. 教學難點 1. Let the students learn the usage of the word “shake”. 2. Enable the students to master the usage of the pattern “All. . . is not. . . ” and understand some difficult and long sentences. 教學方法 1. Discussing, summarizing

3、and practicing 2. Cooperative learning 教具準備 The multimedia and other normal teaching tools 三維目標 Knowledge aims: 1. Get the students to learn and grasp the important new words and expressions: shake well (n. )　rise　crack　smelly　burst　canal　ruin　injure　destroy　useless　shock quake　rescue　electric

4、ity　disaster　army　organize　bury　coal　mine　shelter　fresh right away　at an end　lie in ruins　be trapped under sth. a (great)number of 2. Get the students to learn the following useful sentence patterns: 1)But the one million people of the city, who thought little of theses events, went to bed as usua

5、l that night. 2)It seemed that the world was at an end! 3)Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves. 4)The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead. 5)Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed. 6)Never before in history has a c

6、ity been so completely destroyed. Ability aims: 1. Enable the students to use some useful words and expressions correctly. 2. Enable the students to make sentences after the useful sentence patterns. Emotional aim: 1. Stimulate the students’ interest in learning English. 2. Develop the student

7、s’ spirit of cooperation and teamwork. 教學過程 設計方案（一） →Step 1 Revision 1. Check the homework exercises. 2. Ask some students to retell the reading passage A Night the Earth Didn’t Sleep. →Step 2 Reading and finding Get the students to read the reading passage again to underline all the new word

8、s and useful expressions or collocations in the passage. Collocations:a smelly gas, come out of, in the farmyards, too nervous to eat, run out of, look for places to hide, jump put of, water pipes, think little of, as usual, It seemed that. . . , at an end, one hundred kilometers away, one-third, e

9、ight kilometers long, thirty meters wide, cut across, in ruins, be injured, thousands of, the number of, reach more than 400 000, everywhere, . . . everything was destroyed, be gone, blow away, be not safe for, tens of thousands of, give milk, half a million, millions of, instead of, be shocked, lat

10、er that afternoon, be trapped under the ruins, fall down, All. . . is/was not. . . , hundreds of thousands of, dig out, the dead, to the north of, coal mines, built shelters, fresh water Read them aloud and copy them down in the exercise book after class. →Step 3 Discovering useful words and expr

11、essions Do the exercises in Discovering useful words and expressions on Page 28. Explain the problems the students meet while checking the answers. →Step 4 Language Points 1. shake vt. & vi(shook, shaken) 1)(cause sb. /sth. to)move quickly and often jerkily from side to side or up and down（使某人或

12、某物）急速搖動或顛簸 The table shook when she banged her fist on it. 她用拳頭把桌子敲得直顫。 The house shook as the heavy truck went past. 重載的卡車經(jīng)過時，房子搖晃起來。 2)(of a person)tremble; quiver（指人）發(fā)抖，打戰(zhàn) They laughed until their sides shook when they heard the joke. 這個笑話笑得他們渾身直顫。 The little boy was shaking with cold.

13、 那個小男孩凍得發(fā)抖。 3)disturb the calmness of sb. ; trouble or shock sb. 使某人心緒不寧；煩擾或驚嚇某人 This surprising development quite shook me. 這一驚人的新情況把我嚇壞了。 4)make(sth. )less certain; weaken belief, etc. 動搖某人的想法；減弱 Her new theory has been shaken by this new evidence. 這一新證據(jù)動搖了她的新理論。 5)(of sb. ‘s voice)become w

14、eak or faltering; tremble（指某人的嗓音）變弱，發(fā)顫，顫抖 His voice shook(with emotion)as he announced the news. 他宣布這一消息時，聲音（因激動）有些顫抖。 shake&tremble： 在表示“（因恐懼、憤怒、寒冷、體弱等）戰(zhàn)栗，震顫，發(fā)抖”時，shake和tremble可相互替換；但指握手、搖頭或捧腹大笑時，用shake。另外，tremble只用作不及物動詞。 The poor boy was shaking/trembling with cold. 這個孩子正凍得發(fā)抖。 The host sho

15、ok hands with all the guests. 主人跟所有的客人握手。 2. rise vi. (rose, risen)(of the sun, moon, stars, etc. )appear above the horizon; go up（指日月星辰等的）升起；上升 The sun rises at seven o’clock. 太陽七點鐘升起。 Prices have risen steadily during the past ten years. 過去十年間物價一直在穩(wěn)定地上漲。 He rose from his chair and began his

16、 speech. 他從椅子上站起來開始了他的演說。 rise&raise： rise是不及物動詞，而raise是及物動詞，意思是“抬高；提高”。 The people’s living standard has greatly been raised. 人民的生活水平已大大地提高了。 The price of eggs has risen/been raised recently. 雞蛋的價格最近上漲了。 3. burst vi. & vt. (burst, burst)(cause sth. to)break open or apart; explode（使某物）爆炸；脹破；

17、爆破 I’ve eaten so much I feel ready to burst. 我吃得太多，肚子都要撐破了。 Don’t get so angry! You’ll burst a blood-vessel! 別生這么大的氣！你會把血管氣崩的！ burst in/into enter(a room, etc. )suddenly突然進入（房間等） burst into sth. send out or produce sth. suddenly and violently突然而猛烈的發(fā)出或產(chǎn)生某事物 burst out doing. . . suddenly begin

18、doing. . . 突然開始做某事 The police burst in/into the room and arrested that gang. 警察突然闖進房門逮捕了那幫人。 The plane crashed and burst into flames. 飛機墜毀起火。 All of them burst into laughter/tears/song. 他們全都突然笑起來/哭起來/唱起來。 All of them burst out laughing/crying/singing. 他們全都突然笑起來/哭起來/唱起來。 完成下列句子： 1)因為大于大壩決口了

19、。The dam__________ ___________ __________the heavy rain. 2)聽眾席上爆發(fā)出一片笑聲。The audience__________ _______________ _________________ 　. 答案：1)burst because of　2)burst into laughter 4. injure vt. to hurt oneself/sb. /sth. physically 傷害，損害，受傷 She was badly injured in an accident during the work. 她在一次工傷

20、事故中受了重傷。 harm, hurt, injure & wound: harm用于指肉體或精神上的傷害均可，有時可指引起不安或不便，還可用于抽象事物，尤其是指不道德的事情；hurt為一般用語，既可指肉體上的傷害，也可指精神上的傷害，還可用作不及物動詞，意為“疼痛”；injure一般指由于意外或事故而受傷；wound指外傷（如槍傷、刀傷、劍傷等），尤指在戰(zhàn)爭、戰(zhàn)斗中受傷。 Getting up early won’t harm you. 早起對你沒有害處。 There was an unexpected explosion in our street, but our buildi

21、ng wasn’t harmed at all. 我們的街道發(fā)生了一次意外的爆炸事故，但我們的大樓絲毫沒有受損。 Many people were hurt/injured when a bus and a truck collided. 一輛公共汽車和一輛卡車相撞，許多人受了傷。 You’ll hurt her feelings if you forget her birthday. 如果你忘了她的生日，那會傷她感情的。 The soldier got wounded in the arm in the fighting. 這個士兵的胳膊在戰(zhàn)斗中受了傷。 The robber

22、______________ him with a knife. A. harmed　B. hurt　C. injured　D. wounded 答案：D 5. destroy vt. to break to pieces; to make useless; to put an end to摧毀；毀壞；破壞 The fire destroyed all my books. 這場大火毀了我的全部書籍。 Why, you may wonder, should spiders be our friends? Because they destroy so many insects. 你

23、也許會覺得奇怪，蜘蛛怎么竟是我們的朋友？因為它們毀滅那么多的昆蟲。 destroy, damage & ruin: destroy 強調以具有摧毀或殺傷性的力量把某物徹底毀掉；damage一般指對物體或生命的局部損壞；ruin亦指徹底毀掉，但不含有以某種摧毀性的力量進行破壞，而含有在一定的過程中逐漸毀掉的意思。 An atom bomb would destroy a city. 一顆原子彈可以摧毀一座城市。 The earthquake damaged several buildings. 地震使一些建筑受到了破壞。 Oxford has been ruined by the

24、motor industry. 牛津城已經(jīng)被汽車工業(yè)毀掉了。 After the war the Japanese economy lay in______________　. A. ruin 　B. ruins 　C. damage 　D. destroy 答案：B 6. shock vt. cause a shock to(sb. ); cause(sb. )to feel disgust, horror, etc. 使（某人）震驚；使（某人）感到厭惡、恐懼等 I was shocked when I heard about your accident. 當我聽到你出事后我很

25、震驚。 He was shocked by what you said. 他對你說的話感到震驚。 shock, astonish & surprise: shock表示的吃驚程度最大；astonish語氣比surprise要強，含有“令人難以置信”之意；surprise為一般用語，意為“使驚訝，使吃驚”，含有“意想不到”之意。 I was shocked at the news of her death. 我聽到她去世的消息十分震驚。 I was astonished to see him in Tibet. 在西藏見到他，我真感到驚異。 I was surprised to

26、 see the great changes in my hometown. 看到家鄉(xiāng)的巨大變化我驚訝不已。 7. rescue n. an act of rescuing or being rescued 搭救；解救 v. to save or set free from harm, danger, or loss 解救；救出 A rescue team is trying to reach the trapped mines. 一組救援人員在盡力趕向被困的礦井。 We rescued the boy who fell into the river. 我們救起了掉進河里的小孩。

27、 rescue & save: rescue的含義是搭救受到監(jiān)禁、攻擊或死亡威脅的人，它的內涵是不失時機地以強有力的措施進行搭救；save是一般用語，使用范圍很廣，它含有 rescue的意思，但是這個詞不但有使受難者獲救的意思，還具有使獲救者繼續(xù)生存、享受幸福的內涵。 It was not long before a helicopter arrived on the scene to rescue the survivors of the plane crash. 不久一架直升機飛到了現(xiàn)場來搭救這次飛機失事的幸存者。 For hundreds of years, St Bern

28、ard dogs have saved the lives of travelers crossing the dangerous pass. 幾百年來，圣伯納修道院的狗已經(jīng)搭救了穿越這個險關的許多旅游者的性命。 8. in ruins in a severely damaged or destroyed condition 嚴重受損；破敗不堪；成為廢墟 An earthquake left the whole town in ruins. 地震過后全城到處都是頹垣斷壁。 His career is/lies in ruins. 他的事業(yè)已完全失敗。 9. a(great)num

29、ber of a lot of 許多；若干 I have a number of letters to write. 我有好些信要寫。 A great/large number of people have applied. 許多人都已申請。 →Step 5 Sentence focus 1. But the one million people of the city, who thought little of these events, went to bed as usual that night. 但是，唐山市的一百萬居民幾乎都沒有把這些情況當一回事，當天晚上照常上

30、床睡覺了。 句子中的who thought little of these events是非限制性定語從句；think little of的意思是“不重視……；認為……沒有什么了不起；對……不假思索”，類似的短語還有think better of sb. （對某人印象好；看重某人），think better of sth. （改變念頭；打消主意），think highly of（看重；器重），think well of（重視；認為……好），think poorly of（不放在眼里；輕視），think nothing of（輕視；認為……無所謂；認為……沒什么了不起），think much

31、of（認為……很不錯），think ill of（認為……不好）等；as usual是固定短語，意思是“照常；照例”。 I thought little of what he said at that time. 我對他當時說的話沒加思索。 I think much better of him after I have found out his true motive. 我發(fā)覺他的真實動機后，對他的評價高多了。 The little boy went to school as usual that day. 那天，那個小男孩照常去上學。 1)In Australia, one

32、thinks______________ of riding fifty miles to a dance. A. nothing B. something C. much D. better 2)Yesterday, he went out to play football______________　. A. usually B. as usual C. usual D. often 答案：1)A　2)B 2. It seemed that the world was at an end. 世界似乎到了末日。 句子中的at an end是固定短語，意思是“結束；終

33、結”；It seems/seemed(to sb. )+that-clause是常用的固定句型，意思是“好像……；似乎……”。 His career seemed at an end. 他的事業(yè)似乎結束了。 It seems that I have seen her before. 我好像以前見過她。 It seems to me that there is something funny about the case. 在我看來這件案子好像有點奇怪。 3. Everywhere they looked nearly everything was destroyed. 人們無論

34、朝哪里看，那里的一切都幾乎被毀了。 句子中的Everywhere they looked 是讓步狀語從句，everywhere用作連詞，相當于wherever或no matter where，引導讓步狀語從句。 Everywhere I go, I find the same thing. 無論我去哪兒，我都看到同樣的東西。 You see it everywhere you look. 無論你往哪兒看，你都會看到它。 4. All of the city’s hospitals, 75% of its factories and buildings and 90% of its

35、homes were gone. 所有的市內醫(yī)院、75%的工廠和建筑物、90%的家園都消失了。 該句是“主系表結構”的句子，主語是一個很長的名詞短語，其中兩處有百分數(shù)修飾。有百分數(shù)修飾的結構作主語時，謂語動詞要根據(jù)百分數(shù)所修飾的是可數(shù)名詞還是不可數(shù)名詞而定。句子中的gone是過去分詞，用作表語，意為“消失了；不存在了”，另外它還有“走了”“丟了”“用完了”等意思。 50% of the students in our class are girls. 我們班50%的學生是女生。 Over 70% of the earth surface is covered with water.

36、 地球表面的70%多是水。 His job was gone. 他的工作丟了。 More than 30 %/Nearly one-third of the teachers in our school______________ from other cities in the past. A. is B. are C. was D. were 答案：D 5. All hope was not lost. 不是所有的希望都破滅了。 這是一個表示部分否定的句子。句型All. . . not. . . 或Not all. . . 均表示部分否定，可翻譯成“不是所有的……”或“

37、并非所有的……”。 Not all the girls left. （= Only some of the girls left. ） Not all the children are noisy. （= Some of the children are not noisy. ） 注：對兩者以上的全部否定應用none of. . . ，其后的謂語動詞既可以用單數(shù)形式，也可以用復數(shù)形式。 We couldn’t eat in a restaurant because_____________ of us had____________ money on us. A. all; no

38、　B. any; no 　C. none; any 　D. no one; any 答案：C 6. The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead. 救援人員組成小分隊，將被困的人挖出來，將死者掩埋。 句子中的who were trapped 是定語從句。當先行詞是those, anybody, he等表示人的詞時，定語從句習慣用who來引導，不能用that代替。 Those who want to see the film write your names on th

39、e paper. 想看電影的人把你們的名字寫在這張紙上。 Anybody who breaks the law will be punished. 任何人犯法都要受到懲罰。 He who laughs last laughs best. 誰笑在最后，誰笑得最好。 7. To the north of the city, most of the 10 000 miners were rescued from the coal mines. 在城市的北邊，有一個萬名礦工的煤礦，其中多數(shù)人得救了。 在表示位置關系時，通常in表示在范圍內；to表示在范圍外（不接壤）；on表示接壤（在范

40、圍外）。 China lies in the east of Asia. 中國位于亞洲東部。 Japan lies to the east of China. 日本位于中國的東面。 China faces the Pacific on the east. 中國東臨太平洋。 8. Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed. 救援人員為那些家園被毀的幸存者蓋起了避難所。 句子中whose homes had been destroyed是定語從句，whose是關系代詞，代替先行詞surv

41、ivors在定語從句中作定語，相當于of whom，這個定語從句也可改為of whom homes had been destroyed或homes of whom had been destroyed。 He doesn’t want to hire the boy whose father is in prison. 他不想雇傭那個父親還在坐牢的男孩子。 Anne was a Jewish girl whose diary has been read widely all over the world. 安妮是一個猶太女孩，她的日記在全世界廣為傳誦。 →Step 6 Workbo

42、ok Do the exercises in Using words and expressions on Page 63. →Step 7 Consolidation Ask the students to do the following exercises for consolidation. 1. 單詞拼寫：根據(jù)首字母或中文提示寫出所缺的單詞。 1)The mining disaster s the whole country. 2)If you put a cold glass into hot water, it will b 　 . 3)Twent

43、y miners were t underground after the fire. 4)So many d happened to them in a single year that they could hardly live on. 5)The firemen r three women and five children from the burning house. 6)I was______________(震驚)to hear that one of my students drowned while swimming. 7)S

44、moking will______________(損害)your health. 8)The forest was______________(燒毀)by the great fire. 9)Don’t eat that food. It is already______________(發(fā)臭的). 10)If there were no______________(電), what would we do? 2. 根據(jù)中文提示完成下面的句子。 1)I don’t know when their party will be_________ ____________ _______

45、____ 　(結束). 2)It is said that they have_________ _____________ (挖出)a lot of treasure from the tomb. 3)After the big fire, all of their houses were_________ ___________ (成為廢墟). 4)His wife’s death was_________ _____________ ____________ (沉重的打擊)for him. 5)Sand now filled the wells________ _________

46、__ _________ (而不是)water. 6)The days when the Chinese had to obey others____________ _____________ _________________ 　(一去不復返)forever. 7)____________ ________________　(成千上萬個)families were killed and many children were left without parents. 8)When I told her the bad news, Helen_________ ___________

47、___________ ___________ 　(頓時淚水奪眶而出). 9)Mice ran out of the fields____________ __________ _____________ ____________ _______________ (找地方藏身). 10)Such____________ _____________ ____________ ___________ (大批的)people died because the quake happened while they were sleeping. 3. 根據(jù)要求翻譯下列各句。 1)好像他們已經(jīng)知道了

48、選舉的結果。(It seems that. . . ) 2)據(jù)報道，我是吸煙人數(shù)已達100萬。(the number of; reach) 3)日本位于我國的東邊。(to) 4)你知道有多少游客被困在那座島上嗎？(be trapped) 5)眾所周知，我國百分之八十的人口是農民。(80 % ) 6)我們班三分之二的學生去過北京。(two-thirds) 7)我的鋼筆不見了。(be gone) 8)并非所有的人都喜歡吃肉。(Not all. . . ) Suggested answers: 1. 1)shook或shocked　2)burst　3)trapped　4)disas

49、ters　5)rescued　6)shocked7)injure　8)destroyed　9)smelly　10)electricity 2. 1)at an end　2)dug out　3)in ruins　4)a great shock　5)instead of　6)have been gone7)Thousands of　8)burst into tears　9)looking for places to hide　10)a great number of 3. 1)It seems that they have already known the result of the ele

50、ction. 2)It is reported that the number of smokers in our city has reached 100 million. 3)Japan is/lies to the east of our country. 4)Do you know how many visitors are trapped on the island? 5)It is well known that 80 % of the population of our country are peasants. 6)Two-thirds of the students

51、 in our class have been to Beijing. 7)My pen is gone. 8)Not all people like eating meat. /All people don’t like eating meat. →Step 8 Homework 1. Finish off the Workbook exercises. Write down Exercise 2 in the exercise book. 2. Learn the new words and expressions by heart. 設計方案（二） →Step 1 Revi

52、sion 1. Check the homework exercises. 2. Ask some students to retell the reading passage A Night the Earth Didn’t Sleep. →Step 2 Reading and finding Get the students to read the reading passage again to underline all the new words and useful expressions or collocations in the passage. →Step 3 D

53、iscovering useful words and expressions Do the exercises in Discovering useful words and expressions on Page 28. Explain the problems the students meet while checking the answers. →Step 4 Language Points Explain to students some important new words and useful expressions and do some related exer

54、cises. →Step 5 Sentence focus Explain to students some difficult long sentences and the important language points in them. →Step 6 Workbook Do the exercises in Using words and expressions on Page 63. →Step 7 Consolidation Do some consolidation exercises. →Step 8 Homework 1. Finish off the Wo

55、rkbook exercises. Write down Exercise 2 in the exercise book. 2. Learn the new words and expressions by heart. 板書設計 Unit 4　Earthquakes Important Language Points Words and expressions Examples Quiz burst vi. & vt. (burst, burst)(cause sth. to)break open or apart; explode（使某物）爆炸；脹破；爆破 Wat

56、er-pipes often burst in cold weather. The river burst its banks and flooded the town. 1)因為大于大壩決口了。The dam___________ _______________ _____________ the heavy rain. 2)聽眾席上爆發(fā)出一片笑聲。The audience__________ ____________ ___________ . a(great)number of:a lot of 許多；若干 I have a number of letters to write

57、. A great/large number of people have applied. ______________ number of peasant workers______________ come into our city and______________ number of them______________ reached 100 million. A. A; have; the; have B. The; has; a; has C. A; have; the; has D. The; has; a; have . . . . . . . . .

58、 活動與探究 How to help the orphans in the earthquake As the news report in the part Reading mentioned, many children were left without parents in the earthquake. The government and a lot of kind-hearted people did all they could to bring up these poor and young orphans. Discuss with your partner some ways to help the orphans.