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1、UNIT 2UNIT 2THE ENVIRONMENTTHE ENVIRONMENT( (主題語(yǔ)境主題語(yǔ)境: :人與自然人與自然環(huán)境與保護(hù)環(huán)境與保護(hù)) )-3-高頻單詞重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)難點(diǎn)句型1.debate n.辯論,討論vt.爭(zhēng)論,思考vi.商討,辯論經(jīng)典例句 Today there is a debate in Singapore about which variety of English is the best: Singlish,or a variety closer to British English.今天,在新加坡開(kāi)展了一場(chǎng)有關(guān)哪種英語(yǔ)是最好的英語(yǔ)的爭(zhēng)論:是新加坡式英語(yǔ)還是一種更接近

2、于英式的英語(yǔ)。(1)debate with sb.about/on/over sth.和某人就某事辯論debate whether to do sth./debate whether+從句 考慮/討論是否(2)have a debate進(jìn)行討論/辯論under debate在討論中beyond debate無(wú)可爭(zhēng)辯a heated debate激烈的辯論-4-高頻單詞重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)難點(diǎn)句型四維熱練(1)They who was to blame for the traffic accident until it was 9 oclock.就誰(shuí)該對(duì)這起交通事故承擔(dān)責(zé)任,他們一直辯論到9點(diǎn)。(2)Our

3、 class held whether students should take cell phones to school.我們班進(jìn)行了關(guān)于學(xué)生是否應(yīng)該帶手機(jī)去學(xué)校的辯論。(3)The suggestion is still .那個(gè)提議仍然還在討論中。(4)We are next.我們正在討論下一步該怎么辦。(5)The truth of this news is .這則新聞的真實(shí)性毋庸置疑。debated about a debate on under debate debating what to do beyond debate -5-高頻單詞重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)難點(diǎn)句型2.appreciate

4、vt.欣賞,贊賞;感激;領(lǐng)會(huì),理解高考佳句Like me,this woman was here to stop,sigh and appreciate the view.(2017天津卷,閱讀理解)與我一樣,這位女士也在這兒駐足,感嘆,欣賞魅力的景色。(1)appreciate sb./sth.欣賞;高度評(píng)價(jià);理解appreciate (ones) doing sth.感激(某人)做某事I would appreciate it if.如果,我會(huì)感激不盡的。(2)appreciation n.欣賞;感激in appreciation of欣賞;感激用法點(diǎn)撥(1)appreciate后接動(dòng)詞-

5、ing形式。(2)其后只能接“事”做賓語(yǔ),而不能接“人”做賓語(yǔ)。(3)其后不直接跟if或when引導(dǎo)的從句,需先接it做形式賓語(yǔ),再接從句。-6-高頻單詞重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)難點(diǎn)句型四維熱練(1)When you look people in the eye,they feel you what they are saying.當(dāng)你直視別人的眼睛,他們會(huì)感覺(jué)你欣賞他們所說(shuō)的話(huà)。(2015安徽卷,任務(wù)型讀寫(xiě))(2)And you give me an early reply.如果你能早點(diǎn)回信我將非常感激。(3)Here I sincerely express my if you could help fin

6、d the lost suitcase.如果你能幫我找到丟失的箱子,我會(huì)真誠(chéng)地表達(dá)我的感激之情。(4)There is no one who doesnt appreciate by name.每個(gè)人都會(huì)欣賞那些能夠叫上自己的名字的人。appreciate Ill appreciate it very much if appreciation being called -7-高頻單詞重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)難點(diǎn)句型3.operate vt.&vi.管理,經(jīng)營(yíng);操作,進(jìn)行;動(dòng)手術(shù)經(jīng)典例句 She also operates a website,where she shares her tips and reci

7、pes,with the goal of demonstrating that everyone has the ability to control whats on their plate.她還經(jīng)營(yíng)著一家網(wǎng)站,分享她的建議和菜譜,目的是證明人人都有能力控制自己的“盤(pán)中餐”。(1)operate on sb.for.因?yàn)榻o某人動(dòng)手術(shù)(2)operation n.操作;實(shí)施;軍事行動(dòng);手術(shù)in operation工作中;運(yùn)行;實(shí)施put.into operation實(shí)施;使運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)do an operation on sb.為某人動(dòng)手術(shù)(3)cooperation n.合作,協(xié)力operator

8、n.接線(xiàn)員;操作員-8-高頻單詞重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)難點(diǎn)句型四維熱練(1)You want to let a robot operate me?(2)Until the rail links are operation,passengers can only travel through the tunnel by coach.(3)When does this new law come operation?(4)The plan began to be put operation.(5)This machine is very easy (operate). Anybody can learn to u

9、se it in a few minutes.(6)In the good care of the nurses,the boy is gradually recovering from his heart (operate).(7)He dialed the (operate)and put in a call for Rome.(8)The department store is well (operate).on/upon in into into to operate operation operator operated -9-高頻單詞重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)難點(diǎn)句型4.impress vt.使印象

10、深刻,留下印象經(jīng)典例句 He looked around the room as if he was going to impress everything in the room on his mind.他環(huán)顧四周似乎要把屋里的一切都印入他的腦海。(1)impress sb.with sth.某物給某人留下深刻印象impress sth.on/upon sb.使意識(shí)到(重要性或嚴(yán)重性等)(2)impression n.印象;感想;印痕make a strong impression on.給留下深刻的印象(3)impressive adj.令人贊嘆的-10-高頻單詞重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)難點(diǎn)句型四維熱練(

11、1)He .他的真誠(chéng)打動(dòng)了她。(2)Hundreds of people have formed of you through that little device on your desk.很多人只憑桌上一個(gè)小小的裝置(電話(huà))就有了對(duì)你的印象,即使從未謀面。(3)His collection of paintings is the most .他的繪畫(huà)收藏令人嘆為觀止。impressed her with sincerity impressions impressive -11-高頻單詞重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)難點(diǎn)句型5.decrease vi.&vt.減少n.減少經(jīng)典例句 To decrease the

12、amount of rubbish and to protect the environment,more governments are requiring people to recycle materials.為了減少垃圾量及保護(hù)環(huán)境,越來(lái)越多的政府要求國(guó)民回收利用材料。(1)decrease to+數(shù)字 減少到decrease by+數(shù)字 減少了decrease in/of sth.減少的量(2)on the decrease 在減少中-12-高頻單詞重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)難點(diǎn)句型四維熱練(1)The average house prices 13% last year.去年平均房?jī)r(jià)下降了13%。(

13、2)By 1881,the population of Ireland 5.2 million.到1881年,愛(ài)爾蘭的人口減少到520萬(wàn)。(3)If time permitting,students can find a part-time job _ (decrease)the burden of their family.如果時(shí)間允許的話(huà),學(xué)生們可以找一份兼職來(lái)減輕他們家庭的負(fù)擔(dān)。decreased by had decreased to to decrease -13-高頻單詞重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)難點(diǎn)句型6.measure vt.測(cè)量,度量(大小、容量、尺寸等);估量v.(指尺寸、長(zhǎng)度、數(shù)量等)度量

14、為n.措施,方法;(一定的)量,程度;尺度,標(biāo)準(zhǔn);度量單位經(jīng)典例句 Regardless of expense,we must take every measure to save the old mans life.不管費(fèi)用多少,我們必須采取一切措施搶救這位老人。(1)take measures/steps to do sth.采取措施做某事beyond measure無(wú)法估量;極度;非常for good measure外加,再增加(2)measurement n.度量,衡量(3)measure.by.用來(lái)衡量-14-高頻單詞重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)難點(diǎn)句型四維熱練(1)You should take ef

15、fective (measure)to improve your working conditions.(2)Accurate (measure) is very important in science.(3)Urgent measures (take)to prevent car emission.Even so,its influence is still great enough to cause smog and acid rain.(4)Education should not (measure) only by examination results.measures measu

16、rement have been taken be measured -15-高頻單詞重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)難點(diǎn)句型7.absorb vt.吸收;理解;使全神貫注經(jīng)典例句 While watching TV,children do not merely absorb words and images.看電視時(shí),孩子們不只是吸收話(huà)語(yǔ)和圖像。(1)absorbed adj.被吸引的;一心一意的be absorbed in全神貫注于,專(zhuān)心于be absorbed by被所吞沒(méi);被所吸收(2)absorption n.吸收;專(zhuān)注用法點(diǎn)撥(1)absorb是及物動(dòng)詞,只能說(shuō)absorb sth.或be absorbe

17、d in sth.。(2)表示“全神貫注”的常見(jiàn)短語(yǔ)還有:be lost in,be buried in,fix/focus ones attention on,devote.to,concentrate ones mind on,apply oneself to,be addicted to等。-16-高頻單詞重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)難點(diǎn)句型四維熱練寫(xiě)出句中absorb的含義(1)However,when something did interest me,I could become absorbed.(2016北京卷,閱讀理解) (2)Others absorb light,stopping it de

18、ad in its tracks.(2015北京卷,閱讀理解) (3)They absorbed a great deal of Roman culture. (4)The lecture completely absorbed the attention of the audience. 同義句改寫(xiě)(5)He was so absorbed in TV that he forgot to sleep.(用過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)做狀語(yǔ)改寫(xiě)) TV,he forgot to sleep.全神貫注 吸收 吸收 吸引 Absorbed in -17-高頻單詞重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)難點(diǎn)句型8.range n.范圍;一系列;山

19、脈vi.(在一定范圍內(nèi))變化;包括;排列,排序經(jīng)典例句 None of the houses in our price range seemed satisfactory.(2015天津卷,完形填空)在我們的價(jià)格范圍內(nèi)貌似沒(méi)有一座房子令人滿(mǎn)意。(1)a wide range of一系列;種類(lèi)繁多in/out of the range of.在/超出的范圍(2)range from.to.在范圍內(nèi)變動(dòng);包括由到之間的各類(lèi)事物range between.and.在和范圍內(nèi)變動(dòng)-18-高頻單詞重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)難點(diǎn)句型四維熱練(1)We have choices such as travelling and

20、visiting our relatives and friends.我們有各種各樣的選擇,例如旅游和拜訪(fǎng)親戚朋友。(2)Cups and plates were neatly on her shelves.杯子和盤(pán)子整齊地排列在她的架子上。a wide range of ranged -19-高頻單詞重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)難點(diǎn)句型1.cut back on 減少,削減,縮減經(jīng)典例句 If we dont sell more goods,well have to cut back on production.我們?nèi)舨荒苜u(mài)出更多的貨物,就必須降低產(chǎn)量。cut down on削減,縮減,減少cut across

21、抄近路通過(guò)cut away切除,剪掉,砍掉cut down砍倒;削減;刪節(jié)cut in插嘴;打斷cut out刪除cut up切碎;(嚴(yán)重地)割傷;打傷,使傷心cut off中斷(電話(huà)通話(huà));切去,割掉-20-高頻單詞重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)難點(diǎn)句型四維熱練用cut短語(yǔ)填空(1)How can you the risk of cancer?(2)He also supplied the north when America energy aid.(3)He had the meat before his mother came back.(4)Dont try to while others are talk

22、ing.(5)When Dad lost his job,we had to entertainment expenses.(6)In order not to be late,she the field.(7)They all the dead branches from the tree.cut down cut off cut up cut in cut back on cut across cut away -21-高頻單詞重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)難點(diǎn)句型2.open the floor 自由發(fā)言經(jīng)典例句 Lets open the floor to questions.接下來(lái)把時(shí)間交給現(xiàn)場(chǎng)聽(tīng)眾來(lái)提問(wèn)

23、。(1)take the floor發(fā)言,參加討論get/have the floor得到發(fā)言權(quán)ask for the floor征求發(fā)言權(quán)(2)open the mind開(kāi)闊思路open ones heart把心里的話(huà)說(shuō)出來(lái)open ones eyes長(zhǎng)見(jiàn)識(shí),開(kāi)眼界-22-高頻單詞重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)難點(diǎn)句型四維熱練(1)Lets for discussion on that problem.我們就那個(gè)問(wèn)題自由討論吧。(2)If you have anything to say about the problem,you can .如果你對(duì)這個(gè)問(wèn)題有什么要說(shuō)的,你可以發(fā)言。(3)Everybody sh

24、ould be able to during the meeting.開(kāi)會(huì)時(shí),每個(gè)人都應(yīng)該有發(fā)言權(quán)。open the floor take the floor have the floor -23-高頻單詞重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)難點(diǎn)句型3.run out(of) 用完,耗盡經(jīng)典例句 We have run out of money and our patience is also running out.我們的錢(qián)已經(jīng)用完了,我們的耐心也要耗盡了。run short of sth.快用完某物run into碰到;偶然遇到;遇到(困難);撞上run across偶然遇到;穿過(guò)run after追求;追趕,追逐r

25、un away逃走,逃跑run over軋過(guò);碾過(guò)run through瀏覽;穿過(guò);流過(guò)-24-高頻單詞重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)難點(diǎn)句型易混辨析run out of,run out,give out和use up(1)run out of 意為 “用完了”,是及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ),表示主動(dòng)意義,主語(yǔ)一般是人。(2)run out意為 “用完了”,是不及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ),其主語(yǔ)通常是時(shí)間、食物、金錢(qián)等。(3)give out意為 “用盡,精疲力竭”,可以表示人的力氣 “用完” 或者人 “筋疲力盡”,為不及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。(4)use up意為 “用完,消耗盡”,為及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ),相當(dāng)于run out of。-25-高頻單詞重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)

26、難點(diǎn)句型四維熱練用run的短語(yǔ)填空(1)A boy by the car and got killed immediately.(2)I was walking along the beach when I John.(3)The boy the goats,but he could not get them out.was run over ran into ran after -26-高頻單詞重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)難點(diǎn)句型用 run out of,run out,give out或use up填空(4)Their savings .(5)His strength after he ran that lo

27、ng distance.(6)Making soup is a good way of leftover vegetables.(7)I petrol,so I have to stop at the next filling station.ran out gave out using up am running out of -27-高頻單詞重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)難點(diǎn)句型4.under way 進(jìn)行中經(jīng)典例句 Preparations for the celebration of National Day are under way.慶祝國(guó)慶的準(zhǔn)備工作正在進(jìn)行。under control被控制住unde

28、r discussion正在討論中under pressure/stress在壓力下under fire遭到炮火射擊,受到攻擊under the circumstances在這種情況下under consideration在考慮中under no circumstances在任何情況下都不-28-高頻單詞重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)難點(diǎn)句型四維熱練(1)Our plan is well .我們的計(jì)劃正在順利地實(shí)施。(2)People may experience headaches and sleeping difficulties.Thats why we need to relax ourselves at

29、times.壓力大的人可能會(huì)經(jīng)歷頭痛和睡眠困難。這就是為什么我們有時(shí)需要放松自己。(3),it is little wonder that they experience difficulties.在這種情形下,他們遇到困難就不足為怪了。under way under a lot of stress Under such circumstances -29-高頻單詞重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)難點(diǎn)句型5.in/with regard to 關(guān)于,至于經(jīng)典例句 In regard to his grades,let me say that a lot of progress has been made.至于他的成績(jī)

30、,我想說(shuō)的是他已經(jīng)取得了很大的進(jìn)步。in respect of關(guān)于,就而言concerning關(guān)于regarding關(guān)于四維熱練(1) your recent application,I am afraid we are unable to offer you the job.關(guān)于你最近的申請(qǐng),恐怕我們不能給你提供這份工作。(2)Davis had very little to say the accident.戴維斯對(duì)這次事故幾乎沒(méi)有什么可說(shuō)的。With/In regard to regarding/concerning -30-高頻單詞重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)難點(diǎn)句型1.The worlds popula

31、tion has grown by six times what it was in 1800.目前的世界人口與1800年相比已增長(zhǎng)了六倍。(Page 22)本句包含一個(gè)倍數(shù)表示法,即“倍數(shù)+what從句”。(1)A+be+倍數(shù)+as+形容詞原級(jí)+as+B.(2)A+be+倍數(shù)+形容詞比較級(jí)+than+B.(3)A+be+倍數(shù)+the+名詞(size,height,length,width,age,weight,etc.)+of+B.(4)The+名詞+of+A+be+倍數(shù)+than+that+of+B.-31-高頻單詞重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)難點(diǎn)句型四維熱練It is reported that a new

32、 planet has been discovered recently,which is almost three times as large as the earth.=which is almost the earth.=which is almost the earth.據(jù)報(bào)道,最近發(fā)現(xiàn)了一顆行星,它幾乎是地球的三倍大。three times bigger than three times the size of -32-高頻單詞重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)難點(diǎn)句型2.It is our duty to try to cut back on production and reduce the numbe

33、r of things we make and buy.我們的職責(zé)是盡量削減生產(chǎn),以及減少制造和購(gòu)買(mǎi)物品的數(shù)量。(Page 22)(1)It+be+形容詞+主語(yǔ)從句。(2)It+be+名詞詞組+主語(yǔ)從句,這類(lèi)名詞詞組有:a fact,a pity,a shame, an honour,a question等。(3)It+be+過(guò)去分詞+主語(yǔ)從句,這類(lèi)過(guò)去分詞有:announced,believed, expected,hoped,decided,reported,said,shown等。(4)It+不及物動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)從句,這類(lèi)不及物動(dòng)詞有:appear,happen,seem等。-33-高頻單詞

34、重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)難點(diǎn)句型(5)It+be+形容詞+for sb.+動(dòng)詞不定式,這類(lèi)句型常用形容詞easy, difficult,hard,important,possible,wise等做表語(yǔ),有時(shí)候?yàn)榱藦?qiáng)調(diào)不定式動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者,常在不定式前加for sb.。(6)It+be+形容詞+of sb.+動(dòng)詞不定式,這類(lèi)形容詞常是表示心理品質(zhì)、性格特征的形容詞,如:kind,nice,stupid,clever,foolish,polite, impolite,silly,selfish,considerate等。某人和這些形容詞可以構(gòu)成主系表結(jié)構(gòu)。(7)It+be+名詞或形容詞+動(dòng)詞-ing,這類(lèi)名詞和形容

35、詞常常是:good, useless,senseless等。(8)It+takes(sb.)+時(shí)間(金錢(qián))+動(dòng)詞不定式。-34-高頻單詞重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)難點(diǎn)句型四維熱練(1) some people look down on blind people.一些人瞧不起盲人是錯(cuò)誤的。(2) for us to help the disabled.我們有必要幫助殘疾人。(3) he has made such a mistake.真遺憾,他犯了這樣一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤。(4) he has gone to the USA for further study.據(jù)說(shuō)他已去美國(guó)深造了。(5) he is sick.看來(lái)他似乎有

36、病。It is wrong thatIt is necessaryIt is a pity thatIt is said thatIt seems/appears that-35-高頻單詞重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)難點(diǎn)句型(6) give children too much money.重要的是別給孩子太多的錢(qián)。(7) to clean the floor.我的職責(zé)就是掃地。(8) half an hour to work by underground every day.他每天花半個(gè)小時(shí)乘地鐵上班。It is very important not toIt is my duty It takes him to

37、 go-36-高頻單詞重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)難點(diǎn)句型3.However,I do agree that we should produce more things from materials that have been recycled,and less from raw materials,the supply of which is growing smaller and smaller.然而,我非常贊同我們應(yīng)該更多地利用回收材料制造產(chǎn)品,減少原材料的使用,因?yàn)樵牧系墓?yīng)正變得越來(lái)越緊張。(Page 23)the+名詞+介詞+which非限制性定語(yǔ)從句本句中使用了“the+名詞+介詞+which非

38、限制性定語(yǔ)從句”的句型。該結(jié)構(gòu)有以下幾種變形:不定代詞+介詞+關(guān)系代詞數(shù)詞+介詞+關(guān)系代詞the+形容詞比較級(jí)(最高級(jí))+介詞+關(guān)系代詞介詞+whose+名詞-37-高頻單詞重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)難點(diǎn)句型四維熱練(1)There are two buildings, stands nearly a hundred feet high.那兒有兩棟樓房,大點(diǎn)兒的那個(gè)幾乎有百英尺高。(2)Last month,part of South Asia was struck by floods, _people are still suffering.上個(gè)月,南亞部分地區(qū)受洪水襲擊,其余威還在使人們?cè)馐芸嚯y。the l

39、arger of which from whose effects -38-高頻單詞重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)難點(diǎn)句型4.There is no doubt that the world climate has been changing in recent years.毫無(wú)疑問(wèn),近幾年世界氣候在發(fā)生著變化。(Page 39)該句中that引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句。doubt用在否定句中,后面接that引導(dǎo)的同位語(yǔ)從句。在否定句和疑問(wèn)句中,doubt后面接that引導(dǎo)的從句。在肯定句中,doubt后面一般接whether或if引導(dǎo)的從句。但是在肯定句中,doubt后面也可以接that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句,但表示疑慮較大或不相信

40、。-39-高頻單詞重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)難點(diǎn)句型四維熱練(1)Edwina no longer had what had happened to the missing money.對(duì)于失款事件的真相,埃德溫娜已不再有什么懷疑。(2)It was only then that I began to have my story would ever be told.到那時(shí)我才開(kāi)始懷疑我的經(jīng)歷究竟能不能公之于眾。(3) she will keep her word.毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)她會(huì)遵守諾言的。doubts about doubts whether/if There is no doubt that -40- .單句

41、語(yǔ)法填空1.He was praised for his sense of (responsible).2.Shortly after the (operate),the patient picked up.3.The final exam is approaching and all the students are _ (absorb)in study.4.China (economy)strength has greatly improved.5.What you said left a good (impress)on me.6. regard to future oil suppli

42、es,the situation is uncertain.7.The research project has been way for three months.8.They are letting fireworks in the park tonight.9.We have used most of the cloth,and all we have left is a few bits and pieces.10.The temperature ranges 15 to 35 degrees.responsibility operation absorbed economic imp

43、ression In/With under off up from -41- .單句改錯(cuò)1.He pick up the phone and dialed the number._2.Id appreciate if you could let me know in advance whether or not you will come._3.Her speech made a good impress on the audience._4.We should take some measure to solve this problem._5.His arrive brought comp

44、lete silence to the room._pickpickedappreciate后加itimpressimpressionmeasuremeasuresarrivearrival-42- 6.She had almost reached her destination when something arrest her attention._7.It was shocking that the mayor was arrested after he took office for little than a year._arrestarrestedlittleless-43- .話(huà)

45、題微寫(xiě)作翻譯下面5個(gè)句子,然后通過(guò)合理想象,用恰當(dāng)?shù)男揶o手段整合成一篇短文。1.人們?cè)絹?lái)越有環(huán)保意識(shí)了。(aware)2.為了減少環(huán)境污染,人們已經(jīng)采取了一些措施。(cut back on)3.為了減少二氧化碳的排放,人們開(kāi)始放棄使用車(chē)輛,而是騎自行車(chē)出行。(let off)4.人們開(kāi)始學(xué)著回收利用一些廢物,倡導(dǎo)低碳生活。(recycle,low-carbon)5.如果每個(gè)人都盡自己的一份責(zé)任,我們才能享有舒適的環(huán)境。(do ones part)-44- People become more and more aware of the importance of environmental p

46、rotection.To cut back on the pollution,people begin to take measures.People ride bikes instead of using vehicles in order to let off less carbon dioxide.Besides,people learn to recycle some waste and call on each other to live a low-carbon life.Only when everyone does his part can we enjoy a comfortable environment.