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1、路漫漫其修遠(yuǎn)兮路漫漫其修遠(yuǎn)兮 吾將上下而求索吾將上下而求索走向高考走向高考 英語(yǔ)英語(yǔ)外研版外研版 高考總復(fù)習(xí)高考總復(fù)習(xí)寫作素能培養(yǎng)寫作素能培養(yǎng)第三部分第三部分第五講運(yùn)用高級(jí)詞匯與句式，第五講運(yùn)用高級(jí)詞匯與句式，打造作文亮點(diǎn)打造作文亮點(diǎn)第三部分第三部分 寫作時(shí)，“高級(jí)詞匯與高級(jí)句式”如能運(yùn)用貼切自然，哪怕整篇文章只用上一兩處，也會(huì)為你的作文增添色彩，贏得閱卷老師的青睞。 一、使用高級(jí)詞匯 高級(jí)詞匯主要是指考試大綱中沒(méi)有列入的，但在實(shí)際運(yùn)用中使用較頻繁的詞匯。大綱中較常用語(yǔ)匯通過(guò)構(gòu)詞形成的詞匯也屬于高級(jí)詞匯。是否使用高級(jí)詞匯，可以基本判斷該考生所掌握的詞匯量。 1挖掘綱外詞匯 有些單詞在英語(yǔ)考試大

2、綱中確實(shí)未曾出現(xiàn)，但在閱讀時(shí)經(jīng)常碰到。如：annoyed, currently等。 He was annoyed that she had forgotten his birthday.(annoyed比angry高級(jí)) China is currently in the primary stage of socialism.(currently比now高級(jí)) 2挖掘可替代詞匯 使用詞組、習(xí)語(yǔ)來(lái)代替簡(jiǎn)單枯燥的詞匯。如：用make full use of代替use, catch sight of代替see, look forward to代替hope等。 We had better make f

3、ull use of something inexpensive. (make full use of比use高級(jí)) Finally he caught sight of the young mans light overcoat in the distance.(catch sight of比see生動(dòng)) Im looking forward to your visit next week.(look forward to比hope高級(jí)) 3挖掘“味感”詞匯 有的單詞很常見(jiàn)，且“洋味”十足，表達(dá)地道，非常有“味感”，這類詞也被視為高級(jí)詞匯。如share, view, drive等。 We a

4、ll share one and the same planet.(share比live in更有“味感”) We can view the problem in many ways.(view比look at更有內(nèi)涵) The noise next to the door drove me mad.(用drive而不用make) 6The teacher directed the gifted students towards the more difficult courses._ 答案：1.possess2.endless3.put up with4.turned a deaf ear

5、to5.promote6.challenging 二、使用高級(jí)句式，讓句子靚起來(lái) 1恰當(dāng)使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) We will have selected about thirty volunteers to the Mars throughout the world by 2015. About thirty volunteers will have been selected to the Mars throughout the world by 2015. Im delighted to know that the Shanghai Museum will organize a famous ar

6、t exhibition and you are collecting opinions of the public as to select the location for the exhibition，which encouraged me to write to express my ideas. Im delighted to know that a famous art exhibition will be organized by the Shanghai Museum and opinions of the public are being collected as to se

7、lect the location for the exhibition，which encouraged me to write to express my ideas. 2使用強(qiáng)調(diào)句 As a saying goes，the little thing matters most. As a saying goes，it is the little thing that matters most. Our parents have devoted their unconditional love to us，which indeed deserves our appreciation and

8、reward. Its our parents who have devoted their unconditional love to us，which indeed deserves our appreciation and reward. 3使用倒裝句 The children can grow up mentally and physically healthy only in this way. Only in this way can the children grow up mentally and physically healthy. I didnt realize word

9、s could be powerful in both positive and negative ways until then. Not until then did I realize words could be powerful in both positive and negative ways. 4使用省略句 If it is so，I hope you will have a wonderful time. If so，I hope you will have a wonderful time. Although they were faced with many proble

10、ms，they didnt lose heart. Although faced with many problems，they didnt lose heart. 5使用感嘆句 It is a very splendid moment. How splendid a moment it is! I am very worried about his condition. How worried I am about his condition. 6使用with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu) His mother is paving the ways for him while his father is hold

11、ing his jacket behind him，and we can see sweat on his face. His mother is paving the ways for him while his father is holding his jacket behind him，with sweat on his face. As the society develops rapidly，its necessary for us to have a good knowledge of English and computer. With the society developi

12、ng rapidly，its necessary for us to have a good knowledge of English and computer. 7使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣 It is high time for both children and parents to take action to make small changes. It is high time that both children and parents took action to make small changes. I missed being hit by the car with your help

13、. Without your help，I would have been hit by the car. 3We dont know its value until we lose health.(倒裝句) _ 4If it isnt well organized，the meeting will be a failure.(省略句) _ 5We had a very good time with the peasants that day.(感嘆句) _ 6Because there was too much noise，I couldnt go on studying.(with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)

14、) _ 答案：1.Above all，something must be done to stop pollution. 2It was when I entered senior high school that I realized the importance of English. 3Not until we lose health do we know its value. 4If not well organized，the meeting will be a failure. 5What a good time we had with the peasants that day!

15、 6With the noise going on，I couldnt go on studying. 三、如何寫好there be句型 1There be句型的基本意義：某地有某物 There is an increase of about 10 percent，compared with last year. 與去年相比較，大約增加了百分之十。 名師點(diǎn)撥由于受漢語(yǔ)影響，有些同學(xué)在使用這個(gè)句型時(shí)常常把be誤用成have的某種形式。 下午將有一場(chǎng)演講。 There is going to have a lecture this afternoon.() There is going to be

16、 a lecture this afternoon.() 2Where there be.there be.“哪里有哪里就有” As the detailed analyses above have shown us，where there is life，there is hope. 正如上面詳盡的論述所示，活著就有希望。 3There be名詞分詞短語(yǔ) There are three factors contributing to this attitude as follows. 有三個(gè)因素促成了下面的觀點(diǎn)。 名師點(diǎn)撥在這一句型中，有些同學(xué)常常把分詞誤用成動(dòng)詞原形。 有些學(xué)生支持這個(gè)主意

17、。 There are some students support the idea.() There are some students supporting the idea.() Some students support the idea.() 4There beno doubt/no denying/no need/no sense/no use.that.“毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)/不可否認(rèn)/沒(méi)有必要/沒(méi)有意義/沒(méi)有用” There is no sense in waiting here without knowing when he will come back. 在這里傻等卻不知道他什么時(shí)候回

18、來(lái)，一點(diǎn)意義都沒(méi)有。 5There be的非謂語(yǔ)形式 there being.(動(dòng)詞ing形式)；there to be.(不定式形式) There being no bus，we had to walk home. 由于沒(méi)有公交車，我們不得不步行回家。 答案：1.There is no denying that the quality of our environment has gone from bad to worse. 2We expect there to be a party to celebrate the coming New Year. 四、如何使用其他的一些高級(jí)表達(dá)形式讓

19、文章更精彩 1用such總結(jié)全文 Such is our lively city，which you are welcome to visit whenever at your convenience. 這就是我們這座充滿活力的城市，只要您方便，隨時(shí)歡迎來(lái)參觀。 2使用cannot.too much表示強(qiáng)調(diào) We cannot emphasize the importance of protecting our eyes too much. 我們?cè)僭趺磸?qiáng)調(diào)保護(hù)眼睛的重要性也不為過(guò)。 3使用比喻等修辭方法 As is known to us all，vocabulary is an import

20、ant part of language，just like bricks in a building. 大家都知道，詞匯是語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)的重要組成部分，就像一座大樓的基石。 4使用not.but.句型 Some people dont like their jobs not because theyre lazy but because their jobs are small. 一些人不喜歡他們的工作不是因?yàn)樗麄儜?，而是因?yàn)樗麄兊墓ぷ魈煨×恕?5使用否定句 The law is the law.Nobody has any excuse to break it. 法律就是法律。任何人沒(méi)有任何借

21、口違反法律。 6使用雙重否定 Despite many obvious advantages of bicycle，it is not without its problem. 盡管自行車有許多明顯的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，它仍然存在一些問(wèn)題。 答案：1.No word can express my wholehearted thanks for your timely help. 2It is not a hardship but a pleasure to learn English well. 3We cant emphasize the importance of protecting the envi

22、ronment too much. 3I can not only keep in touch with my friends and family through my cell，but also almost all information can be gathered on the Internet.(倒裝) _ 4I didnt take his advice，so I failed in the exam.(虛擬語(yǔ)氣) _ 5Because I was ill that day，I didnt take part in the sports meeting.(虛擬語(yǔ)氣) _ 6Th

23、ey carried out a survey among 260 students.(被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)) _ 7They didnt realize the importance of environment protecting until all the fish in the river died out.(倒裝句，強(qiáng)調(diào)句) _ 答案：1.Only in this way can we successfully build an economized society. 2Hardly had he reached the station when the train left. 3Not on

24、ly can I keep in touch with my friends and family through my cell，but also almost all information can be gathered on the Internet. 4If I had taken his advice，I wouldnt have failed in the exam. 5I was ill that day，otherwise I would have taken part in the sports meeting. 6A survey was carried out amon

25、g 260 students. 7Not until all the fish in the river died out did they realize the importance of environment protecting. It was not until all the fish in the river died out that they realized the importance of environment protecting. 參考范文 As is known to all，the world population is growing day by day

26、.So enough fresh water is needed to feed such a large population.Whats more，with industry developing rapidly，poisonous gases and waters are produced，consequently resulting in the pollution of water.Though fresh，a good amount of water can no longer be used.Only then did we realize the importance of fresh water.So its high time that we human beings took action to protect water resource.Stop polluting water，otherwise we wouldnt be living in the world.What a terrible scene we would be faced with! Only with fresh water can the world be prosperous.