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1、知識盤點真題探究 1.倒裝句型、強調(diào)句型和反意疑問句中的主謂一致。2.強調(diào)句型中被強調(diào)的代詞的格應與原句一致。3.否定副詞、由only修飾的狀語、so / such置于句首時的倒裝。4.反意疑問句的句型、時態(tài)、人稱一致原則,祈使句、復合句的反意疑問句,陳述部分帶有must / may時的反意疑問句。5.省略和替代主要考查:(1)并列句和狀語從句中的省略;(2)動詞不定式的省略;知識盤點知識盤點真題探究真題探究(3)so, not的替代作用;(4)do, do it / do that / do so的替代作用。一、強調(diào)句 強調(diào)句型可強調(diào)句子中的主語、賓語和狀語等成分,但不能強調(diào)定語和謂語。被強

2、調(diào)部分可以是單詞、短語,也可以是從句。被強調(diào)的代詞格應與原句一致;被強調(diào)的部分如果是原句的主語,who / that后的謂語在人稱和數(shù)上應與原句的主語保持一致?？键c1強調(diào)句型用于強調(diào)陳述句形式:it is / was+被強調(diào)部分+that / who.知識盤點知識盤點真題探究真題探究It is English that is the most widely used in the world nowadays. 在當今世界使用最廣泛的是英語。It is what you usually do that really matters. 真正重要的是你平常的所作所為。It was the man

3、who was dressed in black that helped to catch the thief. 正是穿黑衣服的那個人幫助逮住了小偷。It was because her mother was ill that she didnt go to work. 是因為母親生了病她才沒來上班。為了增加試題的難度,被強調(diào)部分常常為主語從句、賓語從句知識盤點知識盤點真題探究真題探究、帶定語從句或同位語從句的名詞、并列關(guān)系的從句等,有時還把強調(diào)句型和其他句型結(jié)合起來考查。考點2強調(diào)句型用于強調(diào)一般疑問句形式:Is / Was it+被強調(diào)部分+that / who.? (that / who

4、從句中的謂語動詞要用陳述語序)Is it Professor Wang that / who teaches you English?是王教授教你們英語的嗎?Was it in 1896 that the modern Olympic Games started? 現(xiàn)代奧運會始于1896年嗎?知識盤點知識盤點真題探究真題探究注:還可以把強調(diào)句型用于賓語從句中,但要注意語序的變化。I wonder if it was in 1896 that the modern Olympic Games started.考點3強調(diào)句型用于強調(diào)特殊疑問句形式:疑問詞+is / was it that / wh

5、o.? (that / who從句中的謂語動詞要用陳述語序)Who was it that broke the window? 打破窗子的是誰?When was it that he called me yesterday? 他昨天給我打電話是在什么時候?注:還可以把強調(diào)句型用于賓語從句中,但要注意語序的變化。知識盤點知識盤點真題探究真題探究I dont know when it was that he called me yesterday.考點4強調(diào)句型用于強調(diào)“not.until.”句型和“only+狀語.”句型。形式:It is / was not until.that.(that從句

6、中的謂語動詞要用陳述語序)It was not until ten oclock that he went to bed. 直到十點鐘他才去睡覺。普通句型:He didnt go to bed until ten oclock.倒裝句型:Not until ten oclock did he go to bed.知識盤點知識盤點真題探究真題探究考點5變式強調(diào)句型變式1:It must / may / might be.that.變式2:It must / may / might have been.that.變式3:It cant / couldnt be.that.變式4:Can / Cou

7、ld it be.that.It must be my book that he is reading. 他在看的一定是我的書。Could it be Tom that is making the noise? 會是湯姆弄出這種噪音的嗎?知識盤點知識盤點真題探究真題探究考點6強調(diào)句型與狀語從句、定語從句的區(qū)別判斷是否是強調(diào)句型,可先把it is / was.that.去掉,如果剩下的部分無論在語法上還是在意義上都仍然是完整的句子,那么就是強調(diào)句型,否則就不是。It was at eight oclock that he arrived home.(強調(diào)句型)It was eight ocloc

8、k when he arrived home.(時間狀語從句)It was at eight oclock when he was walking along the street.(定語從句)It was two years ago that I began to learn English.(強調(diào)句型)知識盤點知識盤點真題探究真題探究It is two years since I began to learn English.(時間狀語從句)It was two years before I began to learn English.(時間狀語從句)考點7謂語動詞的強調(diào)強調(diào)句型It i

9、s / was.that.不能強調(diào)謂語動詞,如果強調(diào)謂語動詞,要用組動詞do, does或did。但謂語動詞必須是實意動詞,且只能是一般現(xiàn)在時和一般過去時。I do think you are a good cookHe did write to you last week.另外,do還可用于對祈使句的強調(diào)。知識盤點知識盤點真題探究真題探究Do come this evening!Do be careful! 二、倒裝句英語句子的自然語序是主語在前,謂語動詞在后。把謂語動詞放在主語之前,就叫倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。如果全部謂語放在主語之前,叫完全倒裝;如果只把助動詞或情態(tài)動詞放在主語之前,就叫部分倒裝。(一

10、)完全倒裝考點1“There be +主語+.”結(jié)構(gòu)在“There be +主語+.”結(jié)構(gòu)中,be有時用stand / exist / lie / live知識盤點知識盤點真題探究真題探究 / flow等不及物動詞代替。There stood an old man under the tree. 樹下站著一位老人?？键c2Here / There / Now / Then / Thus +不及物動詞+主語There goes the bell. Lets go into the lecture hall. 鈴響了,咱們進入演講大廳吧?？键c3Out / In / Up / Down / Away

11、/ Off / Back / Over +不及物動詞+主語Away flew the birds. 鳥兒飛走了?？键c4介詞短語(表地點)+不及物動詞+主語知識盤點知識盤點真題探究真題探究On the wall hang two large portraits. 墻上掛著兩張巨幅畫像?？键c5表語部分+聯(lián)系動詞+主語(表語可以是形容詞、介詞短語、現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞)Present at the meeting were Professor White, Professor Smith and many other guests. 出席會議的有懷特教授、史密斯教授,還有其他許多客人?？键c6Such

12、+ be +主語Such are the facts; no one can deny them. 事實就是這樣,沒有人可以否認。知識盤點知識盤點真題探究真題探究(二)部分倒裝考點1So / Neither / Nor +助動詞/情態(tài)動詞+主語(表示前一句的內(nèi)容也適合另一人或另一物)Lily cant play table-tennis. Neither can I. 莉莉不會打乒乓球,我也不會。比較:So +主語+助動詞/情態(tài)動詞。(后面一個句子只是肯定或重復前句的內(nèi)容)It was cold yesterday. 昨天很冷。So it was. 的確如此。知識盤點知識盤點真題探究真題探究考

13、點2表示否定意義的副詞或短語放在句首時引起的倒裝放在句首引起倒裝的副詞或短語有:not, no, nowhere, little, nev-er, hardly, scarcely, barely, seldom, in no time, at on time, by no means, in no way, not until, not only, no sooner.than., hardly.when.等。By no means shall we give up. 我們絕不會放棄。Never have I read the book. 我從來沒看過這本書?？键c3在so / such.th

14、at.句型中,so / such放在句首時引起的倒裝So nervous was she that she returned to China shortly after the earth-知識盤點知識盤點真題探究真題探究quake. 她地震之后非常緊張,很快就回到中國?？键c4“only +狀語(副詞、介詞短語或狀語從句)”置于句首時引起的倒裝Only after my friend came was the computer repaired. 只有在朋友來了之后,電腦才修好?？键c5省略了if的虛擬條件句中的倒裝(當條件狀語從句中有were, had, should時)Have you r

15、eviewed your lessons, you might have passed the examina-tion. 要是早復習了功課,你可能就通過考試了。知識盤點知識盤點真題探究真題探究Should it not rain tomorrow, we would go for a picnic. 要是明天不下雨,我們就去野餐?？键c6as引導的讓步狀語從句的倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)as引導讓步狀語從句時,表語、狀語或謂語動詞放在as之前,構(gòu)成“表語/狀語/謂語動詞+as +主語”結(jié)構(gòu)。Hard as he studied, he failed the examination. 盡管他學習很用功,但是還是沒

16、及格?？键c7however / whatever或no matter how / what引導的讓步狀語從句的倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)知識盤點知識盤點真題探究真題探究however / whatever或no matter how / what引導讓步狀語從句時,連同它們所修飾的部分放在句首,后邊用陳述語序。However difficult it is, Ill work it out on time. 不管它有多困難,我都會按時解決?？键c8the more.the more.句式在“the more.the more.句式”中,常把the more連同它修飾的部分放在句首。The harder you w

17、ork, the greater progress you will make. 你學習越努力,進步就會越大。知識盤點知識盤點真題探究真題探究考點9however / whatever引導的感嘆句however / whatever引導感嘆句時,連同它們所修飾的部分放在句首,后邊用陳述語序。(1)What + a / an +形容詞+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+主語+謂語!(2)What +形容詞+復數(shù)名詞+主語+謂語!(3)How +形容詞/副詞+主語+謂語!(4)How +形容詞+ a / an +單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+主語+謂語!(5)How +主語+謂語!知識盤點知識盤點真題探究真題探究三、反意疑問句反意疑

18、問句的一般應用規(guī)則為:前面陳述部分是肯定句形式,后面的附加疑問部分則用否定形式;前面陳述部分用否定形式,后面的附加部分則用肯定形式。考點1當陳述部分是“I dont think / believe / suppose + that從句”結(jié)構(gòu)時,疑問部分的主語和謂語需要和從句中的主語和謂語在人稱和數(shù)上一致,并用肯定形式I dont think he can finish the work, can he? 我認為他不能完成工作,他能嗎?知識盤點知識盤點真題探究真題探究考點2當陳述部分有情態(tài)動詞時的幾種情況1.must表示“有必要”時,附加疑問部分則用neednt。You must go home

19、 right now, neednt you? 你必須立刻回家,是嗎?2.當must / may等情態(tài)動詞用來對現(xiàn)在的情況進行“推測”時,疑問部分的謂語要根據(jù)去掉must之后的謂語動詞情況采用相應的形式。You must be tired, arent you? 你一定累了,是嗎?3.must可表示對過去的或完成的情況進行推測(must + have +過去分詞),如強調(diào)對過去情況的推測(一般有表示過去的時間狀語),疑問部知識盤點知識盤點真題探究真題探究分的謂語動詞用“過去式的助動詞+主語”;若強調(diào)動作的完成(一般沒有表示過去的時間狀語),疑問部分的謂語動詞用“havent / hasnt +

20、主語”。He must have met her yesterday, didnt he? 他昨天一定見過她,是嗎?You must have seen the film, havent you? 你肯定看過這部電影,是嗎?考點3當陳述部分有never, seldom, hardly, few, little, no, nothing, nobody / no one, nowhere等否定詞時,疑問部分要用肯定形式。She hardly knows French, does she? 她幾乎不懂法語,是嗎?知識盤點知識盤點真題探究真題探究當陳述部分的謂語是帶有否定詞綴(前綴或后綴)的動詞時,

21、疑問部分仍用否定結(jié)構(gòu)。He is unfit for this job, isnt he? 他不適合這份工作,是嗎?考點4當陳述部分為祈使句時,應注意:1.如果祈使句為肯定式,疑問部分用肯定式或否定式均可;如果為否定式,疑問部分只能用肯定式。Pass me the book, will / wont you? 把那本書遞給我,好嗎?Dont speak aloud any more, will you? 不要大聲說話,好嗎?2.祈使句若是以let開頭的句子,表示“建議”(包括說話人和聽話人知識盤點知識盤點真題探究真題探究雙方)時,疑問部分用shall we;表示“請求”(不包括聽話人)時,疑問

22、部分用will you。Lets go home now, shall we? 我們回家吧。Let us help you, will you? 讓我們來幫助你吧?？键c5當陳述部分是“there be +主語+其他”結(jié)構(gòu)時,疑問部分用“be (not) + there”結(jié)構(gòu)There is a book on the desk, isnt there? 桌子上面有本書,是嗎?There are not any pens in the box, are there? 盒子里面沒有筆,是嗎?考點6當陳述部分的主語是指示代詞this, that, these, those時,疑問知識盤點知識盤點真題

23、探究真題探究部分的主語不再用指示代詞,而要用it或they代替That isnt your dictionary, is it? 這不是你的字典,是嗎?These are interesting stories, arent they? 這些故事很有意思,不是嗎?考點7當陳述部分的主語是everybody, somebody, nobody, none等合成詞時,疑問部分的主語多用theyEverybody came here, didnt they? 每個人都來了嗎?Nobody phoned while I was out, did they? 我出去的時候沒人打電話吧?考點8當陳述部分的

24、主語是everything, anything, nothing等不定代知識盤點知識盤點真題探究真題探究詞時,疑問部分的主語用itNothing is too difficult for him, is it? 對他來說沒什么事是困難的,是嗎?Everything is ready, isnt it? 一切都準備好了,是嗎?考點9當陳述部分的主語是“Im.”結(jié)構(gòu)時,疑問部分一般用“arent I”。Im fit for the job, arent I? 我適合干這份工作吧?四、省略與替代考點1在when, unless, while, if, though, as, as long as,

25、whenever, 知識盤點知識盤點真題探究真題探究wherever, as soon as等詞引導的狀語從句中,若從句主語和主句主語一致,且從句中包含be動詞時,用連詞直接跟分詞或形容詞/介詞短語等結(jié)構(gòu)。Though poor, his parents managed to send him to college. 他的父母盡管很窮,還是設(shè)法把他送進了大學?？键c2在when, where, if等從屬連詞引導的狀語從句中,如果連詞后是“it is + adj.”時,可以省略it is,用連詞直接跟adj.I will go with you if necessary. 如果需要的話,我可以和

26、你一起去?？键c3動詞性替代知識盤點知識盤點真題探究真題探究1.用do的各種形式來替代實意動詞,若是及物動詞,須帶賓語。She plays the piano better than Mary does (plays) the guitar. 她鋼琴彈得比瑪麗的吉他彈得好。2.用do so的各種形式來替代動賓結(jié)構(gòu)或動狀結(jié)構(gòu)。He smokes a lot. Does his brother do so? (do so = smoke a lot) 他抽煙很兇。他兄弟也這樣嗎?考點4分句性替代1.so和not與believe, think, expect, imagine, suppose, ho

27、pe, afraid等詞連用,代替句子。知識盤點知識盤點真題探究真題探究Will it rain today? 今天會下雨嗎?I think so. ( I think it will rain.) 我認為會下雨?？键c5動詞不定式to的替代動詞不定式to替代承前的內(nèi)容,可用于下列詞語的相關(guān)結(jié)構(gòu)中。1.形容詞:afraid, glad, happy, be willing to, be able to, etc.2.動詞:like, love, expect, manage, try, hope, wish, pretend, refuse, a-gree, want, afford, fail

28、, forget, remember, used to, have to, ought to, etc.知識盤點知識盤點真題探究真題探究3.帶補語的動詞:tell, ask, order, allow, permit, expect, wish, force, warn, forbid, persuade, etc.He doesnt visit me as much as he used to. 他不像以前那樣經(jīng)常來看我了。注意:若承前省略的不定式內(nèi)容是be或作助動詞用的have時,to后要保留be或have。Are you a member of the club? 你是這個俱樂部的成員嗎

29、?No, but Id like to be. 不是,不過我想加入這個俱樂部。Did you attend Toms birthday party yesterday? 你昨天參加了湯姆的生日聚會嗎?Id like to have, but I was too busy. 我本想去,但是我太忙了。知識盤點知識盤點真題探究真題探究 1.(2011全國新課標) Only when he reached the tea-house it was the same place hed been in last year.A.he realizedB.he did realizeC.realized h

30、e D.did he realize【答案與解析】D本題考查倒裝句結(jié)構(gòu)。Only修飾狀語(從句)置于句首時,主句需要部分倒裝,故選D項。知識盤點知識盤點真題探究真題探究2.(2011重慶)Have you seen the film Under the Hawthorn Tree? Of course, I have. It was in our village it was made.A.thatB.whereC.whenD.which【答案與解析】A本題考查強調(diào)句型用法。被強調(diào)部分為in our village。如改為普通句型為:It was made in our village。如選B

31、項,為where引導的定語從句,但與上句在邏輯上不符。知識盤點知識盤點真題探究真題探究3.(2011上海) It doesnt matter if they want to come to your party, ? A.doesnt it B.does itC.dont they D.do they【答案與解析】B本題考查反意疑問句。反意疑問句中疑問部分代詞的人稱、助動詞形式需要和陳述部分的主謂保持一致,在肯定和否定方面要相反,由題干中的It doesnt可排除A、C和D三項。知識盤點知識盤點真題探究真題探究4.(2011江蘇) It sounds like something is wro

32、ng with the cars engine. , wed better take it to the garage immediately. A.Otherwise B.If notC.But for that D.If so【答案與解析】D句意:汽車的發(fā)動機聽上去好像是出了問題。如果這樣的話,我們最好馬上把它弄到修理廠。if so“假如這樣的話”,符合題意。其他三項均不符合題意。知識盤點知識盤點真題探究真題探究5.(2011湖南) Its not what we do once in a while shapes our lives, but what we do consistently. A.which B.that C.how D.when【答案與解析】B句意:影響我們生活的不是我們偶爾做了什么,而是我們一貫做什么。本題考查強調(diào)句型。被強調(diào)部分為句子的主語,空格部分應該是強調(diào)句型中的that,故選B項。知識盤點知識盤點真題探究真題探究