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1、UNIT 3Grammar and usage 英語的五個基本句型結(jié)構(gòu)：英語的五個基本句型結(jié)構(gòu)： S 十十 V 主謂結(jié)構(gòu) He runs quickly S 十 V 十 P 主系表結(jié)構(gòu) The story sounds interesting S 十 V 十 O 主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu) They built a house last year S 十 V 十 O1 十 O2 主謂雙賓結(jié)構(gòu) He offered me his seat / his seat to me S 十 V 十 O 十 C 主謂賓補結(jié)構(gòu) They found her happy that day They called her the

2、 Loulan Beauty。They made Professor Zhang director of the instituteWe found the ruins most interesting.They believed this document to be the official version.Professor Zhangs speech was full of humour and made us all laugh.We found ourselves in the middle of a desert.She made Joe her companion in Rom

3、e.O 十 C_ It makes me more beautiful. It makes me slim. 賓語補足語賓語補足語是補充賓語的成分是補充賓語的成分,通常置通常置于賓語之后。賓語和賓語補足語構(gòu)成復(fù)于賓語之后。賓語和賓語補足語構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語。合賓語。能帶賓語補足語結(jié)構(gòu)的動詞一能帶賓語補足語結(jié)構(gòu)的動詞一定是及物動詞。定是及物動詞。賓語補足語賓語補足語1.They made Liu Xiang spokesman of their product.2.I find it difficult to raise the money.3.Ill ask her out tomorrow eve

4、ning.4.Through the window, I could see the rain coming down in sheets.5.Really good advertising persuades people to behave in certain ways.6.She is going to have the novel translated.7.His speech left the president in an awkward situation.(n.)(adj.)(adv.)(prep. phr.)(-ing)(to do)可以用作賓語補足語的有可以用作賓語補足語

5、的有_ _。名詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞短語、名詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞短語、動詞不定式、動詞不定式、v-ing形式和過去分詞形式和過去分詞(p.p.) _ _He had wardrobes and cupboards full of clothes . got his clothes changedevery few hours every dayThe Emperor _.get his clothes change had the lights burning all night longThe two thieves _.havethe lightsburn 含使動意義的動詞含使動意義的動

6、詞, 所接的賓補多為動詞所接的賓補多為動詞原形或過去分詞。原形或過去分詞。 let, have, make 等。等。1. If Mr Smith is in the hall, will he please make himself _ (know) to me?2. It makes people _ (know) the importance of protecting environment. 3. The machine doesnt work. I must have it _ (repair) right now.knownknowrepairedThe Emperor expec

7、ted the two “tailors” to invent a new cloth.v + sb. + to do sth. 結(jié)構(gòu)中的動詞結(jié)構(gòu)中的動詞, 所接所接的賓補一般是不定式。的賓補一般是不定式。advise, allow, ask, beg, cause, expect, force, get, help, inspire, invite, order, permit, persuade, request, require, tell, teach, train, urge, want, warn, wish等等1.I have trained my dog _(fetch) my

8、 slippers.2.They were warned _ (not climb) the mountain in such bad weather. to fetchnot to climb ordered the parade to beginafter he was dressed in his new clothesThe Emperor _.orderthe paradebeginThey saw the Emperor walking in the street .感官動詞感官動詞, 所接的賓補可以是所接的賓補可以是v-ing形形式式,也可以是動詞原形。也可以是動詞原形。feel

9、, hear, listen to, notice, observe, see, watch, look at1. I saw him _ (cross) the road.注注:He was seen _ (cross) the road.cross/crossingto cross/ crossing但當這些詞用于被動語態(tài)時但當這些詞用于被動語態(tài)時,不定式要帶不定式要帶to was considered a foolwith no clothes onThe Emperor _!considerthe Emperora fool 含命名意義的動詞含命名意義的動詞, 所接的賓補一般是所接的賓

10、補一般是名詞。名詞。call, name, appoint, elect, make, considerCall me Joe, please.She was elected president of the company. 注意和雙賓語區(qū)別：注意和雙賓語區(qū)別： They have made me chairman. They have made me a nice chair.(賓補賓補)(直接賓語直接賓語)find, keep 等幾個詞的用法非常靈活等幾個詞的用法非常靈活,后面后面所接的賓補可以是形容詞、副詞、詞組、所接的賓補可以是形容詞、副詞、詞組、現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞等。現(xiàn)在分詞、過去

11、分詞等。We found it very difficult to solve the problem.How can you keep them waiting for so long? Suddenly I found my wallet stolen.Keep the books on the shelf.Tell a story.find keep1. I saw him _ (enter) the room, _ (take) something and _ (go) out.2. Please have these boxes _ (carry) to the station ri

12、ght now.entertakegocarried Fill in each blank with the proper verb forms.3. I dont want that kind of thing _ (keep) happening.4. He asked for the letter _ (send) at once.to keepto be sent5. They found an old woman _ (lie) on the ground.6. Youd better get a doctor _ (pull) out your bad tooth.7. He sa

13、t listening to her _ (climb) the stairs. lyingto pullclimbing8. The workers were made _ (work) extra hours every day.to work1.當你刷牙的時候，不要讓水一直流著。 _ while you brush your teeth. 2.我聽說你這次被選為班長了。 I heard that_ this time.3.有段時間他的祖母覺得很難接受他的新想法。 For a time his grandmother found _ his new idea.4.演講者提高了聲音，但還是無

14、法讓人聽見。 The speaker raised his voice, but still _.5.不要指望一個星期就能學(xué)會一門外語。 You cant expect _ _.Dont leave the water runningit hard to acceptcouldnt make himself heardyou were elected monitor to learn a foreign language in a weekTranslation. 在復(fù)合賓語中，賓語通常為名詞或代詞，但有在復(fù)合賓語中，賓語通常為名詞或代詞，但有時也可以用不定式（短語）或時也可以用不定式（短語）

15、或that從句來充當。這從句來充當。這時，應(yīng)使用先行時，應(yīng)使用先行it代替賓語，而將真正的賓語移到代替賓語，而將真正的賓語移到句子的后部，句子的后部， I felt it necessary to speak about our shortcomings We all thought it a pity that you couldnt join us. 注意：注意：在這種結(jié)構(gòu)中，賓語補足語通常為名詞或形在這種結(jié)構(gòu)中，賓語補足語通常為名詞或形容詞；常用于這種結(jié)構(gòu)的動詞有：容詞；常用于這種結(jié)構(gòu)的動詞有： feel, find, think, make, take, consider 等。等。 D

16、o you consider it any good trying again?-What do you think about Harry Potter?-I find it _.very interesting / an interesting bookHomework1.Review the Object and the Object Complement on P48.2. Finish the exercise on page108 C11.The next morning she found the man _ in bed, dead. A. lying B. lie C. la

17、y D. laying 簡析簡析: 首先首先, 根據(jù)語法分析可知根據(jù)語法分析可知, 待選部分在句中應(yīng)作賓補待選部分在句中應(yīng)作賓補, 補充說補充說明賓語明賓語 the man; 再根據(jù)賓語再根據(jù)賓語 the man 對于動詞對于動詞 lie 來說應(yīng)是主動關(guān)來說應(yīng)是主動關(guān)系系, 而且而且, lie 這個動作與謂語動詞這個動作與謂語動詞 found 同時進行。因此同時進行。因此, 該題應(yīng)該題應(yīng)選選A。2. -Good morning. Can I help you? -Id like to have the package _, madam. A. be weighed B. to be weigh

18、ed C. to weigh D. weighed 簡析簡析: 首先首先, 根據(jù)語法分析可知根據(jù)語法分析可知, 待選部分在句中應(yīng)作賓補待選部分在句中應(yīng)作賓補, 補充說補充說明賓語明賓語 the package; 再根據(jù)再根據(jù) the package 對于動詞對于動詞 weigh 來說來說, 只能只能是被動關(guān)系。因此，該題應(yīng)是被動關(guān)系。因此，該題應(yīng)選選D。3. I can hardly imagine Peter _ across the Atlantic Ocean in five days. A. sail B. sailing C. to sail D. to have sailed 簡析

19、簡析: 該題應(yīng)該題應(yīng)選選B。測試動詞測試動詞 imagine 后要求跟動名詞后要求跟動名詞, Peter 是動是動名詞的邏輯主語。名詞的邏輯主語。4.If you wave your book in front of your face, you can feel the air _ against your face. A. moved B. moving C. moves D. to move 簡析簡析: 該題應(yīng)該題應(yīng)選選B。測試使役動詞后用現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補表示賓語正測試使役動詞后用現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補表示賓語正發(fā)出的動作。發(fā)出的動作。 專項練習(xí) Colors can change our moo

20、ds and make us happy or sad, energetic or sleepy. A. to feel B. feeling C. felt D. feel -There is nobody here. Lets play football. -No, we cant. My father often tells me in the street. Its dangerous. A. to play B. dont play C. not to play Hi, will you please teach me to play the piano? A. what B. ho

21、w C. why D. whenDCB I saw him the key the lock, turn in and open the door.A. pointing; in B. put; in C. putting; to D. point; to The rain makes the people . They think the trees planted yesterday can grow well.A. happy B. annoying C. sad D. terrifyingBA Dont leave the water _while you brush your tee

22、th. (天津天津2004) A. run B. running C. being run D. to run Laws that punish parents for their little childrens actions against the laws get parents_. (重慶重慶2004) A. worried B. to worry C. worrying D. worryHe looked around and caught a man_ his hand into the pocket of a passenger. (北京北京2004春春) A. put B.

23、to be putting C. to put D. putting The teacher asked us _so much noise. (北京北京2003) A. dont make B. not make C. not makingD. not to makeThe maid is coming today. Well have her _ the windows.A, washed B, to washing C, to wash D, washWe found many old people _ at the back of the house, smoking and talk

24、ing.A, sat B, sit C, seat D, seatedE, sittingThough I cant make the model ship _faster, the model plane can be made _ higher by any of the boys here,A, sail; to fly B, to sail ; flyC, to sail; to fly D, sail ;fly The missing boy was last seen _ near the river.A. playing B. to be playing C. play D. t

25、o play I feel _ unwise to give a child whatever he or she wants.A. that B. how C. it D. what It is wise to have some money _ foe old age.A. put away B. kept up C. given away D. laid up He slipped into the room, without himself _.A. seen B. being seen C. seeing D. to see He found the street much _.A.

26、 crowd B. crowding C. crowded D. crowdly I think _ necessary to learn English well.A. its B. it C. that D. that is Paul doesnt have to be made _. He always works hard.A. learn B. to learn C. learned D. learning You cant have the horse _ all the way. Its too hot.A. run B. to run C. running D. to be r

27、unning When I came back, I found the house _ and everything _.A. was broken; took away B. broken into; taken awayC. had been broken; taken D. break into; take away I heard that you were elected _ this time.A. monitor B. the monitor C. a monitor D. my monitor The house they _ in the floods must be re

28、built before winter comes.A. had washed away B. had to wash awayC. had them washed away D. had washed them away When I came back, I found nobody _. It was empty.A. on B. out C. in D. away The speaker raised his voice but still couldnt make himself _.A. hear B. to hear C. hearing D. heard For a time his grandmother found _ accept his new idea.A. hard B. it hard C. it hard to D. it is hard to