資源目錄里展示的全都有，所見即所得。下載后全都有,請放心下載。原稿可自行編輯修改=【QQ：401339828 或11970985 有疑問可加】 G. Seliger et al. (eds.), Advances in Sustainable Manufacturing: Proceedings of the 8th Global Conference 149 on Sustainable Manufacturing, DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-20183-7_22, ? Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2011 Methodology for High Accuracy Installation of Sustainable Jigs and Fixtures J. Jamshidi, P.G. Maropoulos Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Bath, UK Abstract The ability to accurately measure the components of jigs and fixtures during their installation determines the state of their precision, especially for large size products and applications. This matter is crucial in mass customisation where small batches of products and components with high variety in design are manufactured. Product quality should be in harmony with rapid changeover philosophy as compromising quality for speed is not forgivable for sensitive components and assemblies such as those seen in the aerospace industry. It is necessary for the installation of the jigs and fixtures to be highly accurate in order to minimise the use of tolerance budget due to variations in jigs and fixture positioning. Major overhead costs for jigs and fixtures particularly in the aerospace industry led to the development of the concept of flexible and reconfigurable jigs and fixtures. Reusability of reconfigurable jigs and fixtures makes them attractive for sustainable solutions as their components can be reused for several variant of a product or assembly. The main drawbacks of this type of jigs and fixtures have been their poor accuracy and reliability. In this paper accurate positioning of the key components of sustainable jigs and fixtures is investigated. The factors affecting the performance of the jigs and fixtures are reviewed from the installation stage. The paper introduces a methodology for minimising uncertainties in positioning of the holds and clamps for flexible jigs and fixtures. Keywords: Sustainable Jig, Jig installation, Calibration Uncertainty, Jig Monitoring, Metrology, Reusable Jig 1 INTRODUCTION Factors such as quality and reliability have long converted to implicit characteristics of the new products. Recent market trends have forced manufacturing industries to move towards mass customisation in their products and service range. Increased variation in the design of new products is followed by a second wave of variation with higher amplitude at subassemblies and component level. State of the art manufacturing systems and technologies have provided more flexibility, enabling designers to think more freely. For instance new large volume measurement systems, developed in the past few years, are capable of measuring several decametre distances. Such technologies facilitate the verification of large size components that used to be manufactured from several assembled components. The manufacturing of large size products requires specialist jigs and fixtures in order for their components to be held in the desired orientation during build and assembly. This requires major overhead cost that can only be justified by mass production in some cases or otherwise the cost of finished products can be very high. This issue contradicts with the market trends where customers are constantly looking for higher value for their money. In a typical product the variation in the product creates a more sustainable business as it can fulfil the needs of a relatively larger market. Flexible and reconfigurable jigs and fixture that can be formed in different shapes to support different variation of products is a key solution for the above challenges. The concept of flexible jig existed for several years in the research domain [1]. However, they are not fully utilised to a great extent in real production facilities especially for large size product manufacturers, such as aerospace. This is due to the challenges related to their initial installation, poor calibration, and repeatability that often exceed the tolerance requirement. The manufacturing of these jigs and fixtures from high quality key components as well as their integration with large volume metrology systems can reduce the above limitations. This paper covers metrology issues related to the installation and calibration of flexible jigs and fixtures as well as their monitoring during service. 2 RELATED WORK 2.1 Manufacturing and assembly of large scale parts Typically prior to precision manufacturing of mechanical parts it is essential to move the raw material to the machine bench, proceed with rough cutting then fine alignment and clamping. At this stage the part is ready for machining of its high precision key features. However, this is not always possible for large size and/or heavy components. Large scale products refer to those with components that are not economically possible to handle or move around in the factory for fabrication and assembly purposes [2]. The manufacturing and assembly processes of these parts encompass movement of the machines and systems to the desired location and orientation with respect to these parts. Such parts are normally held in their positions using large size jigs and fixtures. If these parts are produced in small batch sizes that is the case for aerospace industries, high overhead cost per product will occur. There have been many attempts to design and manufacture jigs and fixtures so that they can hold a number of variants of components [3, 4]. However, this approach is not feasible for parts with sensitive or key features due to their high accuracy requirements.