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1、年 級(jí)初一學(xué) 科英語版 本牛津深圳版課程標(biāo)題上冊(cè)M1 Unit 1 Making friends(2)一、學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)1. 學(xué)習(xí)特殊疑問句（Wh-questions）的基本句型：e.g.：What is her name?Where is she from? 2. 不定冠詞 a/an的用法。二、重點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)重點(diǎn)1. 單詞：like , best, wish, complete, free , hear, myself.2. 短語：pay attention, help sb.（to）do sth. , help sb. with sth., would like to do sth, lots of

2、, far away from, hear from sb. 3. 句型：1）What is this? 2）Who is at the door?3）Which is your book?4）Whose bag is it?5）When did you arrive?6）Why do you love your school?7）Where is my cat?8）How are you?難點(diǎn)：Wh-questions的用法。知識(shí)梳理：一、單詞領(lǐng)讀like v. 喜歡free adj.自由的best adj.最好的hear v. 聽見wish n.&v. 祝愿myself reflex. 我

3、自己complete v. 完成carefully adv. 仔細(xì)地flat n. 公寓二、重點(diǎn)單詞【單詞學(xué)習(xí)】1. like / laik / v. 喜歡【用法】1）作prep.時(shí)指“像”，look like 看起來像2）作v.時(shí)指喜歡，后接動(dòng)名詞或動(dòng)詞不定式to do。其中接動(dòng)名詞時(shí)表示動(dòng)作的習(xí)慣性，長(zhǎng)期性的愛好；接to do時(shí)表示動(dòng)作的偶然性，一次性的喜歡?！纠洹縏he baby looks like his father. 這個(gè)寶寶看起來像他的爸爸。I like playing football. 我喜歡踢足球。I like to swim. 我喜歡游泳?！究碱}鏈接】She like

4、s _.A. watching TV B. watch TV C. watch tv D. watching tv答案：A思路分析：A項(xiàng)為動(dòng)名詞形式；B項(xiàng)是動(dòng)詞原形，不可以在like后出現(xiàn)；C項(xiàng)拼寫錯(cuò)誤；D項(xiàng)拼寫錯(cuò)誤。句意“她喜歡看電視”。2. best / best / adj. 最好的；最愉快的【用法】 是good的最高級(jí)?！纠洹縎he is my best friend. 她是我最好的朋友。You are the best. 你是最棒的?！究键c(diǎn)】句型轉(zhuǎn)換，favourite和best的同義句互換。【考題鏈接】同義句轉(zhuǎn)換I like this subject best._ .答案：Thi

5、s subject is my favourite.思路分析：I like. best.可以說成 .is my favourite。3. wish n.&v 祝福，祝愿【用法】wish作名詞時(shí)，是可數(shù)名詞，意為祝福時(shí)，復(fù)數(shù)后面加es。wish作動(dòng)詞時(shí)，也意為祝福，祝愿。后可接動(dòng)詞不定式或雙賓語?！纠洹緽est wishes to you.給你最美好的祝愿。I wish to see you.我希望見到你。I wish you a merry Christmas. 我祝你圣誕快樂！【拓展】make a wish 許一個(gè)愿【考題鏈接】用括號(hào)中所給詞的恰當(dāng)形式填空Please give them

6、my best _. (wish)答案：wishes思路分析：wish作名詞時(shí)是可數(shù)名詞，當(dāng)它在書信或賀卡中出現(xiàn)，表示給別人最美好的祝福時(shí)，通常是復(fù)數(shù)形式。4. free adj. 自由的【用法】還可表示“空閑的”、“空著的”、“免費(fèi)的”等?！纠洹緼re you free today? 你今天有空嗎？Look！This book is free! 看，這本書是免費(fèi)的！【考題鏈接】翻譯短語在我的業(yè)余時(shí)間_ 答案：in my free time 思路分析：free time 空閑的、業(yè)余的時(shí)間。5. hear /hi / v. 聽見【用法】hear表示聽見，過去式為heard，是不規(guī)則變化。1）

7、hear sb. 聽見某人2）hear about sth聽說某事3）hear sb. doing sth.表示“聽到某人正在做某事”注意：hear一詞一般不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)。不說Iamhearing. 而用can或could?！纠洹?Can you hear me? 你能聽見我嗎？Did you hear anything about Jim? 你聽說關(guān)于Jim的事了嗎？Icanhearsomebodycoming.我能聽見有人來了?！究键c(diǎn)】辨析hear和listen(to)hear只是強(qiáng)調(diào)聽見了，強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果，指聲音傳進(jìn)了耳朵。 listento的意思是集中注意力去聽，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作。例如： Ihear

8、dthemtalkinginthe nextroom, butIdidntreallylistentowhattheyweresaying. 我聽到他們?cè)诟舯诜块g里說話，但我實(shí)在沒注意聽他們說什么。 【考題鏈接】翻譯句子我聽見Lucy正在她房間里唱歌。 _.答案：I hear Lucy singing in her room.思路分析：聽見某人正在做某事，動(dòng)詞后要加ing。6. myself reflex. 我自己【用法】 myself是反身代詞，反身代詞可簡(jiǎn)單理解為“某某自己，自身”。當(dāng)反身代詞與by搭配時(shí)，意為：?jiǎn)为?dú)地，沒有人幫助的?！纠洹?I can do it by myself.

9、我可以自己做?！究碱}鏈接】I finished the paper by _.A. me B. I C. my D. myself答案：D思路分析：句意我自己完成了卷子。myself“我自己”?！炯磳W(xué)即練】根據(jù)句意和首字母完成單詞1. I l_ playing computer games.2. Please send her my b_ wishes.3. Tom lives in a small f_.4. Before blowing out the candles, let me make a w_.5. Can you c_ the job by yourself?6. I read

10、 this English book by m_.7. Im not busy. Im f_ today. How about going to the park?8. I can h_ a cat out of the door.9. I closed the door c_, because the baby was sleeping.答案：1. like 2. best 3. flat 4. wish 5. complete 6. myself 7. free 8. hear 9. carefully三、重點(diǎn)短語【短語學(xué)習(xí)】1. pay attention 注意【用法】pay atten

11、tion 后經(jīng)常加介詞to，pay attention to后接名詞或動(dòng)名詞。【例句】Jim, you should pay attention to your health. 你應(yīng)該注意你的健康啊【考題鏈接】 用括號(hào)中所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空You must pay attention to your _(spell)。答案：spelling思路分析：pay attention to 后接動(dòng)名詞或名詞，故要把spell改成v.ing形式。2. help sb.（to）do sth. 幫助某人做某事 【用法】 help表示“幫助”某人，經(jīng)常有以下兩種用法：1）help sb.（to）do sth.

12、幫助某人做某事； 2）help sb. with sth.在某方面幫助某人【例句】He helped me to mend my bike. 他幫助我修理了我的自行車。Tom often helps me with my English. Tom經(jīng)常幫助我學(xué)英語?！究碱}鏈接】同義句轉(zhuǎn)換I often help him with math._ .答案：I often help him to study math.思路分析：句意：我經(jīng)常幫助他學(xué)數(shù)學(xué)。可以把help sb. with sth 變成. help sb. to do sth 。3. would like to do sth . 想要做某

13、事，愿意做某事【用法】would like to do sth. 經(jīng)常和主語進(jìn)行縮寫：d like to do sth.；“想做某事”還可以用 want to do 來表達(dá)?！纠洹縄 would like to play football.我想踢足球。【考題鏈接】 同義句轉(zhuǎn)換Id like to be your friend._ . 答案：I want to be your friend.思路分析：would like to do = want to do。4. lots of 許多【用法】lots of = a lot of，后接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，也可接不可數(shù)名詞。【例句】There are

14、lots of children in the park. = There are a lot of children in the park.公園里有很多孩子。 There is lots of water in the bottle. 瓶子里有很多水?！究碱}鏈接】 用括號(hào)中所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空I have lots of _ at school. (friend)答案：friends思路分析：lots of 后加名詞復(fù)數(shù)。5. far away from 遠(yuǎn)離；離很遠(yuǎn)【用法】反義詞為be close to，be near?！纠洹縈y school is far away from my

15、home.我的學(xué)校離我家很遠(yuǎn)?！究碱}鏈接】 在正確的詞上打鉤：I take 1 hour to go to school. Its（near，far away from）my home.答案: far away from思路分析：由句意“我用一個(gè)小時(shí)的時(shí)間去上學(xué)”，可知距離很遠(yuǎn)，故選far away from。6. hear from sb. 收到某人的來信【用法】hear from sb. 等于receive a letter from sb.?！纠洹縄m so happy to hear from you. 收到你的來信我很高興?！究碱}鏈接】同義句轉(zhuǎn)換I heard from Lucy

16、last week._ .答案：I received a letter from Lucy last week.思路分析：hear from sb.等于receive a letter from sb. 收到某人來信?！炯磳W(xué)即練】單項(xiàng)選擇1. Please pay attention to _.A. close the door B. closing the door C. closed the door D. closeing the door2. Peter helps me _ my English.A. to B. of C. with D. for3. Which book woul

17、d you like _?A. to read B. read C. reading D. to reading4. I heard _ Lily. She told me she was great in the letter.A. by B. to C. of D. from 答案：1. B 2. C 3. A 4. D四、重點(diǎn)語法【語法學(xué)習(xí)1】Wh-questions 特殊疑問句 特殊疑問句是用來對(duì)句子某一部分提問的疑問句。疑問詞出現(xiàn)在句首，后接不完整的一般疑問句。讀時(shí)句末通常用降調(diào)。1. what “什么”（對(duì)“事，物”提問；對(duì)職業(yè)提問。）【句析1】What is this? 這是什么

18、？ 是對(duì)事物的提問，特殊疑問詞what+be+其他句式。此句由特殊疑問詞what加一個(gè)不完整的一般疑問句構(gòu)成。Is this a pen? 劃線的部分沒有了，想要知道這部分是什么，多用what來進(jìn)行提問?！纠洹縒hat is that? 那是什么?【句析2】What is your father? 你爸爸是做什么的？是對(duì)職業(yè)的提問，用于提問某人從事什么職業(yè)。Is your father an engineer? 想知道劃線部分是什么，你的爸爸是干什么的？用what提問?！纠洹縒hat are you? 你是做什么的？【句析3】What do you often do on weekends

19、? 你周末通常干什么？特殊疑問詞what+do/does+其他句式。what后接實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的一般疑問句。Do you often watch TV on weekends?想知道你周末經(jīng)常做什么？ 用what來提問。【例句】What does she want? 她想要什么？【考題鏈接】就劃線部分提問：Is he a doctor?_ ?答案：What is he?思路分析：此句對(duì)人的職務(wù)提問，用what。2. who “誰”（對(duì)“人”提問。）【句析】Who is at the door? 誰在門旁？ 此句是對(duì)人進(jìn)行提問，who后接be動(dòng)詞的一般疑問句。Is your brother at th

20、e door? 若劃線部分沒有了，想要知道是誰在門那，用who提問?！纠洹縒ho is she? 她是誰？【考題鏈接】就劃線部分提問：Is that girl your elder sister?_ ?答案：Who is that girl?思路分析：此句對(duì)人進(jìn)行提問，想知道那個(gè)人是誰，故用who。3. which “哪個(gè)”（既可以對(duì)“人”提問，也可以對(duì)“物”提問）【句析】Which is your book? 此句對(duì)物進(jìn)行提問，哪一個(gè)。which后接be動(dòng)詞的一般疑問句。Is this your book? 若劃線部分沒有了，想知道哪本書是你的，用which提問?！纠洹縒hich one

21、 do you like？ 你喜歡哪一個(gè)？【考題鏈接】就劃線部分提問: I like the blue one._?答案：Which one do you like？思路分析：（此句是對(duì)“哪一個(gè)”進(jìn)行提問，首先把句子變成一個(gè)一般疑問句，助動(dòng)詞do在前，do you like,前面加上特殊疑問詞 which one。4. whose “誰的” （對(duì)物主提問）【句析】Whose bag is it? 它是誰的書包？ 此句對(duì)物主進(jìn)行提問，即“誰的”。Whose +名詞，后接be動(dòng)詞的一般疑問句。Is it your bag ？想知道這是誰的包，需要用whose提問，誰的包“whose bag”。一般

22、whose引導(dǎo)特殊疑問句時(shí)，后面都和一個(gè)名詞搭配?！纠洹縒hose shoes are these? 這些是誰的鞋子？【考題鏈接】_ book is it?A. Who B. When C. Whose D. Why答案：C 思路分析：此句對(duì)物主進(jìn)行提問，“誰的書？”,故選C。5. when “什么時(shí)候”（對(duì)時(shí)間提問）【句析】 When did you arrive? 你什么時(shí)候到的？此句對(duì)時(shí)間進(jìn)行提問，when后接 did引導(dǎo)的一般疑問句。Did you arrive at ten? 對(duì)劃線部分提問，要知道什么時(shí)間到達(dá)，用when提問。【例句】 When do you go to scho

23、ol every day？ 你每天幾點(diǎn)上學(xué)？【考題鏈接】_ do you go home ?At five in the afternoon.A. What B. Whose C. When D. How long答案：C思路分析：答語意為“下午五點(diǎn)”，明顯是對(duì)時(shí)間的提問“你幾點(diǎn)回家”？，故選C。6. why “為什么”（對(duì)原因提問。）【句析】 Why do you love your school? 你為什么喜歡你的學(xué)校？此句對(duì)原因進(jìn)行提問，why后加do引導(dǎo)的一般疑問句。【例句】 Why are you so happy? 你為什么這么開心？【考題鏈接】 翻譯句子：你為什么喜歡畫畫？_ ?

24、答案：Why do you like drawing？思路分析：首先有“為什么”，故用why來進(jìn)行提問，后面的部分“你喜歡畫畫？”變成一般疑問句，like為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，故需助動(dòng)詞do來幫忙，Do you like d awing？，句首加特殊疑問詞why。7. where “在哪里”（對(duì)地點(diǎn)提問。）【句析】 Where is my cat? 我的貓?jiān)谀睦铮?此句對(duì)地點(diǎn)進(jìn)行提問。Where后接be動(dòng)詞的一般疑問句。【例句】Where do you come from? 你來自哪里？【考題鏈接】同義句轉(zhuǎn)換Where are you from?_?答案：Where do you come from?思

25、路分析：be from= come from.。8. how “怎樣”（對(duì)方式，程度，狀態(tài)等提問。）【句析】 How are you? 你好嗎？此句對(duì)狀態(tài)提問，特殊疑問詞how 后接 be的一般疑問句。 Are you great? 想知道此人怎么樣，用how來提問。 How do you like China? 你認(rèn)為中國(guó)怎么樣？此句對(duì)程度進(jìn)行提問，即“你有多中國(guó)”？【例句】 How do you go to the park? 你怎么去公園？【考題鏈接】就劃線部分提問：I am not very well ._ ?答案：How are you ?思路分析：劃線部分意為“狀態(tài)不好”，故用ho

26、w來進(jìn)行提問，后接一般疑問句語序?！炯磳W(xué)即練】用適當(dāng)?shù)囊蓡栐~填空。1. _ will Allan go back to England next month? By plane. 2. _is Linda going to be in the future? A singer.3. _ _ is your sister? Five years old.4._ colour do you like, red or blue? Red.5. _ does Tom get up every day? At six oclock.6. _ is Mr. Green from? Canada.7. _

27、do you live with? My parents.8. _ _ story books does Lily have? Twenty.9. _ do they like their teachers? Because the teachers are very kind.10. _ city is bigger, Beijing or Shanghai? Shanghai.答案：1. How 2. What 3. How old 4. Which 5. When 6. Where 7. Who 8. How many 9. Why 10. Which【語法學(xué)習(xí)2】不定冠詞 a，an的用

28、法。 不定冠詞a，an一般用于以下幾種情況：（1）用于可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)形式，前指某一種類的人或事情。 例：Is that an apple? 那是一個(gè)蘋果嗎？（2）指某人或某物，但不具體說明是何人或何物。 例：An orange is orange.橘子是橘色的。（3）表示“一”這個(gè)數(shù)量，但數(shù)的概念不如one強(qiáng)烈。 例：I have a mouth, a nose , and two eyes. 我有一張嘴，一個(gè)鼻子和兩只眼睛。 (4) 用于某些固定詞組中。 例：have a look看一看；a lot of 很多。 注意：a 和an都是不定冠詞，a用在以輔音音素開頭的單詞前；an用于以元音音素開頭的單詞前。例：a cat an elephant an aunt an hour a uniform 【即學(xué)即練】用不定冠詞a或an填空。1. _ actor 2. _ engineer 3._ nurse 4._ uniform 5._ umbrella 6._ orange7._ hour 8. _ child 9. _ant答案：1.an 2. an 3.a 4. a 5.an 6.an 7. an 8. a 9. an16 / 16