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1、word2017年6月英語六級閱讀真題與答案 第1套 選詞填空AfterbeingpresidentofPurdueUniversityin2013,MitchDanielsaskedthefacultytoprovethat their students have actually achieved one of higher educations most important goals:criticalthinking skills. Two years before, a nationwide study of college graduates had shown thatmoret

2、hanathird had made no 26 gainsinsuchmentalabilities duringtheirschoolyears.Mr.Danielsneededto_27_thehighcostofattendingPurduetoitsstudentsandtheirfamilies.After all, the percentage of Americans who sayacollegedegreeisveryimportanthasfallen 28 inthe last5-6years.Purduenowhasapilottesttoassessstudents

3、criticalthinkingskills.YetlikemanycollegeteachersaroundtheU.S.,thefacultyremain_29_thattheirworkaseducatorscanbe measured by learning 30 _ suchasagraduatesabilitytoinvestigate and reason. However, the professors neednotworrysomuch. The results of a recent experiment showed that professors can use _3

4、1_metricstomeasurehowwellstudentsdointhreekeyareas:criticalthinking,writtenmunication,andquantitativeliteracy.Despitethesuccessoftheexperiment,theactualresultsareworrisome,andmostly_32_earlierstudies.Theorganizersoftheexperimentconcludedthatfarfewerstudentswere achieving high levels on critical thin

5、king than they were doing for written munication or quantitativeliteracy.Andthatconclusion is based only on students nearing graduation. American universities, despite their global33_forexcellenceinteaching,haveonly beguntodemonstratewhattheycanproduceinreal-worldlearning. Knowledge-based degrees ar

6、e still important, but employers arestillimportant,butemployersare_34_advancedthinkingskillsfromcollege graduates. If the intellectual worth of a college degree can be_35_measured,more peoplewillseekhighereducationandeoutbetterthinkers.A.accurately B.confirm C.demanding D.doubtful E.drastically F.ju

7、stify G.monopolized H.oute I.predominance J.presuming K.reputation L.significantM.signify N.simultaneously O.standardized答案：(26)L. significant (27)F. justify(28)E. drastically(29)D. doubtful(30)H. oute(31)O. standardized(32)B. confirm(33)K. reputation(34)C. demanding(35)A. accurately2017年6月英語六級閱讀真題與

8、答案 第1套 仔細(xì)閱讀2篇Opendatasharersarestillintheminorityinmanyfields.Althoughmanyresearchersbroadly agreethatpublicaccesstorawdatawouldacceleratescience,mostarereluctanttoposttheresultsoftheirownlaborsonline.Somemunitieshaveagreedtoshareonlinegeneticists,forexample,postDNAsequencesattheGenBankrepository(庫)

9、 ,andastronomersareaccustomedtoaccessingimagesofgalaxiesandstarsfrom,say,theSloanDigitalSkySurvey,atelescopethathasobservedsome500millionobjectsbuttheseremaintheexception,nottherule.Historically,scientistshaveobjectedtosharingformanyreasons:itisalotofwork;untilrecently,gooddatabasesdidnotexist;grant

10、funderswerenotpushingforsharing;ithasbeendifficulttoagreeonstandardsforformattingdata;andthereisnoagreedwaytoassigncreditfordata.Butthebarriersaredisappearing,inpartbecausejournalsandfundingagenciesworldwideareencouragingscientiststomaketheirdatapublic.Lastyear,theRoyalSocietyinLondonsaidinitsreport

11、thatscientistsneedtoshiftawayfromaresearchculturewheredataisviewedasaprivatepreserve.Fundingagenciesnotethatdatapaidforwithpublicmoneyshouldbepublicinformation,andthescientificmunityisrecognizingthatdatacannowbeshareddigitallyinwaysthatwerenotpossiblebefore.Tomatchthegrowingdemand,servicesarespringi

12、nguptomakeiteasiertopublishresearchproductsonlineandenableotherresearcherstodiscoverandcitethem.Althoughcallstosharedataoftenconcentrateonthemoraladvantagesofsharing,thepracticeisnotpurelyaltruistic(利他的).Researcherswhosharegetplentyofpersonalbenefits,includingmoreconnectionswithcolleagues,improvedvi

13、sibilityandincreasedcitations.Themostsuccessfulsharersthosewhosedataaredownloadedandcitedthemostoften-getnoticed,andtheirworkgetsused.Forexample,oneofthemostpopulardatasetsonmultidisciplinaryrepositoryDryadisaboutwooddensityaroundtheworld;ithasbeendownloaded5,700times.Co-authorAmyZannethinksthatuser

14、sprobablyrangefromclimate-changeresearcherswantingtoestimatehowmuchcarbonisstoredinbiomass,toforesterslookingforinformationondifferentgradesoftimber. Idmuchprefertohavemydatausedbythemaximumnumberofpeopletoasktheirownquestions,shesays. Itsimportanttoallowreadersandreviewerstoseeexactlyhowyouarriveat

15、yourresults.Publishingdataandcodeallowsyoursciencetobereproducible.Evenpeoplewhosedataarelesspopularcanbenefit.Bymakingtheefforttoorganizeandlabelfilessootherscanunderstandthem,scientistsbeemoreorganizedandbetterdisciplinedthemselves,thusavoidingconfusionlateron.46.Whatdomanyresearchersgenerallyacce

16、pt?A.Itisimperativetoprotectscientistspatents.B.Repositoriesareessentialtoscientificresearch.C.Opendatasharingismostimportanttomedicalscience.D.Opendatasharingisconducivetoscientificadvancement.47.Whatistheattitudeofmostresearcherstowardsmakingtheirowndatapublic?A.Opposed.B.Ambiguous.C.Liberal.D.Neu

17、tral.48.Accordingtothepassage,whatmighthinderopendatasharing?A.Thefearofmassivecopying.B.Thelackofaresearchculture.C.Thebeliefthatresearchdataisprivateintellectualproperty.D.Theconcernthatcertainagenciesmaymakeaprofitoutofit.49.Whathelpsliftsomeofthebarrierstoopendatasharing?A.Theever-growingdemandf

18、orbigdata.B.Theadvancementofdigitaltechnology.C.Thechangingattitudeofjournalsandfunders.D.Thetrendofsocialandeconomicdevelopment.50.Dryadservesasanexampletoshowhowopendatasharing_.A.isbeingincreasinglypopularB.benefitssharersandusersalikeC.makesresearcherssuccessfulD.savesbothmoneyandlaborPassage Tw

19、oQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.Macys reported its sales plunged 5.2% in November and December at stores open more than a year, a disappointing holiday season performance that capped a difficult year for a department store chain facing wide-ranging challenges. Its flagship sto

20、res in major U.S. cities depend heavily on international tourist spending, which shrank at many retailers due to a strong dollar. Meanwhile, Macys has simply struggled to lure consumers who are more interested in spending on travel or dining out than on new clothes or accessories.The pany blamed muc

21、h of the poor performance in November and December on unseasonably warm weather. About 80% of our panys year-over-year declines in parable sales can be attributed to shortfalls (短缺) in cold-weather goods, said chief executive Teny Lundgren in a press release. This prompted the pany to cut its foreca

22、sts for the full fourth quarter.However, its clear that Macys believes its troubles run deeper than a temporary aberration (偏離) off the thermometer. The retail giant said the poor financial performance this year has pushed it to begin implementing $400 million in cost-cutting measures. The pany pled

23、ged to cut 600 back-office positions, though some 150 workers in those roles would be reassigned to other jobs. It also plans to offer voluntary separation packages to 165 senior executives. It will slash staffing at its fleet of 770 stores, a move affecting some 3,000 employees.The retailer also an

24、nounced the locations of 36 stores it will close in early 2016. The pany had previously announced the planned closures, but had not said which locations would be affected. None of the chains stores in the Washington metropolitan area are to be closed.Macys has been moving aggressively to try to rema

25、ke itself for a new era of shopping. It has plans to open more locations of Macys Backstage, a newly-developed off-price concept which might help it better pete with ambitious T. J. Maxx. Its also pushing ahead in 2016 with an expansion of Bluemercury, the beauty chain it bought last year. At a time

26、 when young beauty shoppers are often turning to Sephora or Ulta instead of department store beauty counters, Macys hopes Bluemercury will help strengthen its position in the category.One relative bright spot for Macys during the holiday season was the online channel, where it rang up double-digit i

27、ncreases in sales and a 25% increase in the number of orders it filled. That relative strength would be consistent with what was seen in the wilder retail industry during the early part of the holiday season. While Thanksgiving, Black Friday and Cyber Monday all saw record spending online, in-store

28、sales plunged over the holiday weekend.51. What does the author say about the shrinking spending of international tourists in the U.S.?A. It is attributable to the rising value of the U.S. dollar.B. It is a direct result of the global economic recession.C. It reflects a shift of their interest in co

29、nsumer goods.D. It poses a potential threat to the retail business in the U.S.52. What does Macys believe about its problems?A. They can be solved with better management.B. They cannot be attributed to weather only.C. They are not as serious in its online stores.D. They call for increased investment

30、s.53. In order to cut costs, Macys decided to _.A. cut the salary of senior executivesB. relocate some of its chain storesC. adjust its promotion strategiesD. reduce the size of its staff54. Why does Macys plan to expand Bluemercury in 2016?A. To experiment on its new business concept.B. To focus mo

31、re on beauty products than clothing.C. To promote sales of its products by lowering prices.D. To be more petitive in sales of beauty products.55. What can we learn about Macys during the holiday season?A. Sales dropped sharply in its physical stores.B. Its retail sales exceeded those of T. J. Maxx.C

32、. It helped Bluemercury establish its position worldwide.D. It filled its stores with abundant supply of merchandise.Passage onePassage two2017年6月英語六級閱讀真題與答案 第2套 選詞填空Half of your brain stays alert and prepared for danger when you sleep in a new place, a study has revealed. This phenomenon is often _

33、26_ to as the first-night-effect. Researchers from Brown University found that a network in the left hemisphere of the brain remained more active than the network in the right side of the brain. Playing sounds into the right ears (stimulating the left hemisphere) of _27_ was more likely to wake them

34、 up than if the noises were played into their left ear.It was _28_ observed that the left side of the brain was more active during deep sleep. When the researchers repeated the laboratory experiment on the second and third nights they found the left hemisphere could not be stimulated in the same way

35、 during deep sleep. The researchers explained that the study demonstrated when we are in a _29_ environment the brain partly remains alert so that humans can defend themselves against any _30_ danger.The researchers believe this is the first time that the first-night-effect of different brain states

36、 has been _31_ in humans. It isnt, however, the first time it has ever been seen. Some animal _32_ also display this phenomenon. For example, dolphins, as well as other _33_ animals, shut down one hemisphere of the brain when they go to sleep. A previous study noted that dolphins always _34_ control

37、 their breathing. Without keeping the brain active while sleeping, they would probably drown. But, as the human study suggest, another reason for dolphins keeping their eyes open during sleep is that they can look out for _35_ while asleep. It also keeps their physiological processes working.A. Clas

38、sifiedB. consciouslyC. dramaticallyD. exoticE. identifiedF. inherentG. marineH. novelI. potentialJ. predatorsK. referredL. speciesM. specificallyN. varietiesO. volunteers答案 (26)K. referred(27)O. volunteers(28)M. specifically(29)H. novel(30)I. potential(31)E. identified(32)L. species(33)G. marine(34)

39、B. consciously(35)J. predators2017年6月英語六級閱讀真題與答案 第2套 仔細(xì)閱讀2篇Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.We live today indebted to McCardell, Cashin, Hawes, Wilkins, and Maxwell, and other women who liberated American fashion from the confines of Parisian design. Independence came

40、 in tying, wrapping, storing, harmonizing, and rationalizing that wardrobe. These designers established the modem dress code, letting playsuits and other active wear outfits suffice for casual clothing, allowing pants to enter the wardrobe, and prizing rationalism and versatility in dress, in contra

41、diction to dressing for an occasion or allotment of the day. Fashion in America was logical and answerable to the will of the women who wore it. Implicitly or explicitly, American fashion addressed a democracy, whereas traditional Paris-based fashion was prescriptive and imposed on women, willing or

42、 not.In an earlier time, American fashion had also followed the dictates of Paris, or even copied and pirated specific French designs. Designer sportswear was not modeled on that of Europe, as modem art would later be; it was genuinely invented and developed in America. Its designers were not high-e

43、nd with supplementary lines. The design objective and the business mitment were to sportswear, and the distinctive traits were problem-solving ingenuity and realistic lifestyle applications. Ease of care was most important: summer dresses and outfits, in particular, were chiefly cotton, readily capa

44、ble of being washed and pressed at home. Closings were simple, practical, and accessible, as the modem woman depended on no personal maid to dress her. American designers prized resourcefulness and the freedom of women who wore the clothing.Many have argued that the women designers of this time were

45、 able to project their own clothing values into a new style. Of course, much of this argument in the 1930s-40s was advanced because there was little or no experience in justifying apparel (服裝) on the basis of utility. If Paris was cast aside, the tradition of beauty was also to some degree slighted.

46、 Designer sportswear would have to be verified by a standard other than that of pure beauty; the emulation of a designers life in designer sportswear was a crude version of this relationship. The consumer was ultimately to be mentioned as well, especially by the likes of Dorothy Shaver, who could po

47、int to the sales figures at Lord & Taylor.Could utility alone justify the new ideas of the American designers? Fashion is often regarded as a pursuit of beauty, and some cherished fashions trivial relationship to the fine arts. What the designers of the American sportswear proved was that fashion is

48、 a genuine design art, answering to the demanding needs of service. Of course these practical, insightful designers have determined the course of late twentieth-century fashion. They were the pioneers of gender equity, in their useful, adaptable clothing, which was both made for the masses and capab

49、le of self-expression.46. What contribution did the women designers make to American fashion?A. They made some improvements on the traditional Parisian design.B. They formulated a dress code with distinctive American features.C. They came up with a brand new set of design procedures.D. They made ori

50、ginality a top priority in their fashion design.47. What do we learn about American designer sportswear?A. It imitated the European model.B. It laid emphasis on womens beauty.C. It represented genuine American art.D. It was a pletely new invention.48. What characterized American designer sportswear?

51、A. Pursuit of beauty.B. Decorative closings.C. Ease of care.D. Fabric quality.49. What occurred in the design of womens apparel in America during the 1930s-40s?A. A shift of emphasis from beauty to utility.B. The emulation of traditional Parisian design.C. A search for balance between tradition and

52、novelty.D. The involvement of more women in fashion design.50. What do we learn about designers of American sportswear?A. They catered to the taste of the younger generation.B. They radically changed peoples concept of beauty.C. They advocated equity between men and women.D. They became rivals of th

53、eir Parisian counterparts.PassageTwoQuestions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Massiverubbishdumpsandsprawlinglandfillsconstituteoneofthemoreunfortableimpactsthathumanshaveonwildlife.Theyhaveledsomebirdstogiveuponmigration.Insteadofflyingthousandsofmilesinsearchoffood,theymakethewastesitestheirwin

54、terfeedinggrounds.ResearchersinGermanyusedminiatureGPStagstotrackthemigrationsof70whitestorks(鸛)fromdifferentsitesacrossEuropeandAsiaduringthefirstfivemonthsoftheirlives.Whilemanybirdstravelledalongwell-knownroutestowarmerclimates,othersstoppedshortandspentthewinteronlandfills,feedingonfoodwaste,and

55、themultitudesofinsectsthatthriveonthedumps.Intheshort-term,thebirdsseemtobenefitfromoverwintering(過冬)onrubbishdumps.AndreaFlackoftheMaxPlanckInstitutefoundthatbirdsfollowingtraditionalmigrationroutesweremorelikelytodiethanGermanstorksthatflewonlyasfarasnorthernMorocco,andspentthewinterthereonrubbish

56、dumps. Forthebirdsitsaveryconvenientwaytogetfood.Therearehugeclustersoforganicwastetheycanfeedon,saidFlack.Themealsarenotparticularlyappetising,orevensafe.Muchofthewasteisdiscardedrottenmeat,mixedinwithotherhumandebrissuchasplasticbagsandoldtoys.Itsveryrisky.Thebirdscaneasilyeatpiecesofplasticorrubb

57、erbandsandtheycandie,saidFlack. Andwedontknowaboutthelong-termconsequences.Theymighteatsomethingtoxicanddamagetheirhealth.Wecannotestimatethatyet.ThescientiststrackedwhitestorksfromdifferentcoloniesinEuropeandAfrica.TheRussian,GreekandPolishstorksflewasfarasSouthAfrica,whilethosefromSpain,Tunisiaand

58、GermanyflewonlyasfarastheSahel.LandfillsitesontheIberianpeninsulahavelongattractedlocalwhitestorks,butalloftheSpanishbirdstaggedinthestudyflewacrosstheSaharadeserttothewesternSahel.Writinginthejournal,thescientistsdescribehowthestorksfromGermanywereclearlyaffectedbythepresenceofwastesites,withfourou

59、tofsixbirdsthatsurvivedforatleastfivemonthsoverwinteringonrubbishdumpsinnorthernMorocco,insteadofmigratingtotheSahel.Flacksaiditwastooearlytoknowwhetherthebenefitsofplentifulfoodoutweighedtherisksoffeedingonlandfills.Butthatsnottheonlyuncertainty.Migratingbirdsaffectecosystemsbothathomeandattheirwin

60、terdestinations,anddisruptingthetraditionalroutescouldhaveunexpectedsideeffects.Whitestorksfeedonlocusts(蝗蟲)andotherinsectsthatcanbeepestsiftheirnumbersgetoutofhand. Theyprovideausefulservice,saidFlack.51.Whatistheimpactofrubbishdumpsonwildlife?A.Theyhaveforcedwhitestorkstosearchforsaferwintershelters.B.Theyhaveseriouslypollutedtheplaceswherebirdsspendwinter.C.Theyhaveacceleratedthereproductionofsomeharmfulinsects.D.Theyhavechangedthepreviousmigrationhabitsofcertainbirds.52.Whatdowelearnaboutbirdsfollowingthetraditionalmigrationroutes?A.Theycanmu