《河北省南宮市2018中考英語(yǔ)基礎(chǔ)訓(xùn)練 9大語(yǔ)法難點(diǎn)（一）》由會(huì)員分享，可在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)《河北省南宮市2018中考英語(yǔ)基礎(chǔ)訓(xùn)練 9大語(yǔ)法難點(diǎn)（一）（4頁(yè)珍藏版）》請(qǐng)?jiān)谘b配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。

1、 9大語(yǔ)法難點(diǎn)（1）一、賓語(yǔ)從句1.賓語(yǔ)從句的含義充當(dāng)主句賓語(yǔ)的從句叫做賓語(yǔ)從句。如：She knew that the teacher had seen the film.她知道這位老師看過(guò)這部電影。“that the teacher had seen the film”做 knew 的賓語(yǔ)，同時(shí)又是由連接詞 that 引導(dǎo)的從句，所以它叫做賓語(yǔ)從句。2. 賓語(yǔ)從句的分類（1）動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)從句：顧名思義，它是位于動(dòng)詞后面的賓語(yǔ)從句。如：He asked whose handwriting was the best in our class他問(wèn)我們班上誰(shuí)的書法最好。（2）介詞賓語(yǔ)從句：顧名思義，它

2、是位于介詞后面的賓語(yǔ)從句。如：I agree with what you said just now.我同意你剛才說(shuō)的話。（3）形容詞賓語(yǔ)從句：顧名思義，它是位于形容詞后面的賓語(yǔ)從句。如：I am afraid that I will be late. 恐怕我要遲到了。3. 引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句的連接詞（1）that：沒(méi)有含義，在賓語(yǔ)從句中不做成分（2）whether/if：表示是否，在賓語(yǔ)從句中不做成分。I dont know if /whether he still lives here after so many years. 我不知道這么多年后，他是否還住在這里。（3）連接代詞：what, w

3、hich, who, whom, whose（在賓語(yǔ)從句中做主、賓、表和定語(yǔ)）連接副詞：where, when, how, why（在賓語(yǔ)從句中做狀語(yǔ)）The small children dont know what is in their stockings（what 在賓語(yǔ)從句中做主語(yǔ)）這些小孩子不知道什么在他們的長(zhǎng)筒襪里。Could you tell me why you were late for the meeting this morning？（why 在賓語(yǔ)從句中做原因狀語(yǔ)）你能告訴我為什么你今天早上開會(huì)遲到嗎？4. 在做賓語(yǔ)從句的題目時(shí)應(yīng)注意兩點(diǎn)（1）時(shí)態(tài)：當(dāng)主句是現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)

4、，賓語(yǔ)從句可以根據(jù)需要使用任何時(shí)態(tài)。I dont know when he will come back我不知道他將何時(shí)回來(lái)。He tells me that his sister came back yesterday他告訴我他姐姐昨天回來(lái)了。當(dāng)主句是過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句必須是一種過(guò)去的時(shí)態(tài)。She asked me if I knew whose pen it was她問(wèn)我是否知道這是誰(shuí)的鋼筆。He said that he could finish his work before supper他說(shuō)他會(huì)在晚飯前完成工作。當(dāng)表示客觀事實(shí)或普遍真理的句子做賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，任何時(shí)候都用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。T

5、he teacher said that the earth goes round the sun老師說(shuō)過(guò)地球繞著太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)。（2）語(yǔ)序：任何從句都使用陳述句語(yǔ)序，賓語(yǔ)從句當(dāng)然也不例外。同學(xué)們只要掌握了以上內(nèi)容，應(yīng)對(duì)賓語(yǔ)從句的題目就不成問(wèn)題了。二、介詞by的用法1. 意為“在旁”，“靠近”。Some are singing and dancing under a big tree. Some are drawing by the lake.有的在大樹下唱歌跳舞。有的在湖邊畫畫兒。2. 意為“不遲于”，“到時(shí)為止”。Your son will be all right by supper time.

6、你的兒子在晚飯前會(huì)好的。How many English songs had you learned by the end of last term?到上個(gè)學(xué)期末你們已經(jīng)學(xué)了多少首英語(yǔ)歌曲?3. 表示方法、手段,可譯作“靠”、“用”、“憑借”、“通過(guò)”、“乘坐”等。The monkey was hanging from the tree by his tail and laughing.猴子用尾巴吊在樹上哈哈大笑。The boys father was so thankful that he taught Edison how to send messages by railway teleg

7、raph.孩子的父親是那么的感激,于是他教愛(ài)迪生怎樣通過(guò)鐵路電報(bào)來(lái)傳達(dá)信息。4. 表示“逐個(gè)”，“逐批”的意思。One by one they went past the table in the dark.他們一個(gè)一個(gè)得在黑暗中經(jīng)過(guò)這張桌子。5. 表示“根據(jù)”，“按照”的意思。What time is it by your watch?你的表幾點(diǎn)了?6. 和take , hold等動(dòng)詞連用，說(shuō)明接觸身體的某一部分。I took him by the hand.我拉住了他的手。7. 用于被動(dòng)句中，表示行為主體,常譯作“被”、“由”等。English is spoken by many peop

8、le.英語(yǔ)被許多人說(shuō)。（即“許多人講英語(yǔ)。”）三、used to的用法used to 意為過(guò)去常常做某事。used to 的用法1. 肯定句：used這個(gè)詞沒(méi)有人稱的變化，to后面接動(dòng)詞原形。否定句是didnt use to.When I was a child, I didnt use to like apples.當(dāng)我還是孩子的時(shí)候我不喜歡蘋果。疑問(wèn)形式是Did you use to?Where did you use to live before you came here?當(dāng)你來(lái)這兒之前你住哪兒?2. 含有used to 的句子的反意疑問(wèn)句不要usednt + 主語(yǔ),而用didnt 主語(yǔ)。He used to smoke, didnt he?他過(guò)去常常吸煙，是嗎?Yes, he did./ No, he didnt. 是的，他吸。/ 不，他不吸。4