專題八動詞的時態(tài)學前自測（發(fā)現考點）( )1. When did you meet your English teacher? While I _ a bike along Jiaomen River.A. rode B. was riding C. ride D. will ride( )2. He _ computer games when his parents left home. So he didn't know where they were.A. is playing B. plays C. played D. was playing( )3. As usual, Sally _ at 6:30 this morning by her mother to have breakfast.A. has woken up B. woke up C. was woken up D. wakes up( )4. I was at the cinema at nine oclock yesterday evening. What about you? I _ TV at home.A. watch B. watched C. am watching D. was watching( )5. Where is your mother? She _ in the kitchen.A. cooks B. has cooked C. cooked D. is cooking( )6. Tom like reading. He _ picture books with his dad every evening.A. read B. reads C. is reading D. has read( )7. Nicole, I missed todays lesson, can you lend me your notebook? Sorry, I _ it to Betty already.A. lend B. lent C. will lend D. have lent( )8. We have two days off a week. We _ at school from Monday to Friday.A. will study B. study C. studied D. are studying( )9. Have you ever been to Disneyland? Yes. I _ there last summer.A. will go B. went C. have gone D. was going( )10. Do you know the film Big Hero 6? Sure. I like it very much and I _ it three times since it was on.A. see B. saw C. have seen D. am seeing常考考點知識清單（研習考點）考點一 一般現在時1. 概念:一般現在時主要表示經常性或習慣性的動作或存在的狀態(tài),也可表示現在的情況或狀態(tài)以及永恒的真理。2. 句式結構(肯定句)有以下三種:句式結構例句be+表語 She is a beautiful girl. 她是一個漂亮的女孩。there be 句型 There is a schoolbag on the desk. 桌子上有一個書包。實義動詞謂語 She likes eating chocolate. 她喜歡吃巧克力。3. 常用的時間狀語有:always, usually, often, every day 等。4. 動詞一般現在時第三人稱單數構成方式:類型變化規(guī)則舉例一般情況 在詞尾加-s swimswims; leaveleaves以-s,-x,-sh, -ch,-o 結尾在詞尾加-es passpasses; gogoes; washwashes; boxboxes以“輔音字母+y”結尾變 y 為 i 再加-esstudystudies; carrycarries特殊情況不規(guī)則變化havehas5. 一般現在時的用法:(1) 表示經常性或習慣性的動作或存在的狀態(tài),常與表頻度的時間狀語連用。My mother often does housework. 我媽媽經常做家務。(2) 描述現在的情況、狀態(tài)等。He speaks Russian very well. 他講俄語講得很好。(3) 描述客觀真理、客觀存在或科學事實等。Light travels faster than sound. 光比聲音傳播得快。(4) 在含時間狀語從句或條件狀語從句的復合句中,若主句用一般將來時,則從句用一般現在時表示將來。I'll ring you up if he comes back tomorrow. 如果他明天回來,我就給你打電話。(5) 在以 here, there 開頭的句子中常用一般現在時代替現在進行時。Here comes the bus! 汽車來了!巧記:用好一般現在時,時間狀語要牢記。基本用法要記清,動作習慣經常性。 客觀真理和能力,有時還表將來時。謂語若為行為動,形式要由主語定:主語人稱是三單,動詞要把-s/ -es 添。句中若把助詞用,謂語動詞用原形?？键c二 一般過去時1. 概念:一般過去時表示過去發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。2. 句式結構(肯定句)有以下三種:句式結構例句was/ were+表語 She was a beautiful girl ten years ago. 十年前她是一個漂亮的女孩子。there was/ were There were many shops near our school. 我們學校附近以前有許多商店。實義動詞作謂語He got up at six o'clock yesterday morning. 昨天早上他 6 點鐘起床。3. 常用的時間狀語有:yesterday(昨天),the day before yesterday(前天),last week(上星期),two days ago(兩天前), just now(剛才)等。4. 動詞過去式的構成方法:類型規(guī)則舉例一般情況加-edplant-planted; play-played以-e 結尾 加-d live-lived; change-changed以“輔音字母+y”結尾改 y 為 i 再加-ed carry-carried; study-studied以重讀閉音節(jié)結尾,末尾只有一個輔音字母雙寫這個輔音字母,再加-ed stop-stopped; plan-planned5. 一般過去時的用法:(1) 表示過去發(fā)生或過去經常發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。He visited the Great Wall yesterday. 昨天他游覽了長城。(2) 用于虛擬條件句中,表示與現在事實相反的情況。If I were you, I would take a small present. 如果我是你的話,我就帶上一件小禮物。巧記: 動詞一般過去時,表示過去發(fā)生事;be 用 was 或用 were, have, has 變 had;謂語動詞過去式,過去時間作標志;一般動詞加-ed,若是特殊得硬記。否定句很簡單,主語之后 didn't 添;疑問句也不難,did 放在主語前;如果謂語之前有 did,謂語動詞需還原;動詞若是 was, were, 否定就把 not 添。考點三 現在進行時1. 概念:現在進行時表示現在正在進行的動作。2. 句式結構:主語+am (is, are)+現在分詞3. 常用的時態(tài)標志詞有:now, at the moment, look, listen 等。4. 現在分詞的構成方式:類型變化規(guī)則舉例一般情況直接加-ingplay-playing; read-reading以不發(fā)音的 e 結尾去 e 加-ing live-living; write-writing以重讀閉音節(jié)結尾,且末尾只有一個輔音字母雙寫詞尾的輔音字母再加-ingput-putting; sit-sitting以 ie 結尾改 ie 為 y 再加-ing die-dying; lie-lying5. 現在進行時的用法:(1) 表示目前正在進行的動作。He is reading a book. 他正在看書。(2) 與 always,usually,forever 等詞連用,表示說話者的贊揚、厭惡或不滿等情緒。He is always helping others. 他總是幫助別人。(3) 一些表示位置移動的動詞,如 go,come,leave 等,常用現在進行時表示即將發(fā)生的動作。He is leaving for Shanghai tomorrow. 明天他將前往上海。巧記: 主語在句首,am, is, are 跟在后,現在分詞跟著走,其他成份不可丟。表示動作正進行,句中 now 時間定。一般疑問句,be 提到前面去。否定句式也單,be 后只把 not 添。考點四 過去進行時1. 概念:表示在過去某個時刻或某段時間正在進行的動作。2. 句式結構:主語+was (were)+現在分詞3. 常用的時間狀語有:at nine o'clock last night(昨天晚上九點),at that time(那時),at that moment(當時),this time yesterday(昨天的這個時候),from 8:00 to 9:00 last night(昨晚的八點到九點)以及 when, while 引導的時間狀語從句等。4. 過去進行時的用法:(1) 表示過去某一時刻正在進行的動作。I was watering my flowers at nine yesterday morning. 昨天上午九點我在給花澆水。(2) 表示過去某一段時間正在進行的動作。What were you doing from 8 p郾 m郾 to 9 p郾 m郾 last night? 昨晚 8 點到 9 點你在干什么?肯定句:主語+was/ were+動詞-ing+其他;否定句:主語+was/ were + not+動詞-ing+其他;一般疑問句:Was/ Were+主語+動詞-ing+其他考點五 一般將來時1. 概念:一般將來時表示將來要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。2. 句式結構(肯定句)有以下三種:句式結構例句will/ shall+動詞原形They will have a good time. 他們將會玩得很愉快。be going to+動詞原形We are going to take an exam. 我們將要參加一個考試。現在進行時表將來The bus is coming. 公共汽車要來了。3. 常用的時間狀語有:tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, in two hours, soon, in the future 等。4. 一般將來時的用法:(1) be going to 和 will 表示將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。We are going to have a meeting to discuss the plan. 我們打算開會討論這個計劃。She will reach here at five o'clock this afternoon by car. 今天下午五點她將乘車到達這里。(2) be going to 表示根據主觀判斷將來肯定發(fā)生的事情,will 表示客觀上將來勢必發(fā)生的事情。Look at the dark clouds. It's going to rain. 看那烏云,看來馬上要下雨了。He will be twenty years old next year. 明年他就要 20 歲了。巧記:一般將來時,將來發(fā)生事。 謂語不一般,will 加動原。要變疑問句,will 放在主語前。否定句,也不難, will 后面 not 添。考點六 過去將來時1. 概念:表示在過去看來將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。2. 相當于一般將來時而言,其句式結構有以下三種:(1) would/ should+動詞原形(2) was/ were going to+動詞原形(3) was/ were doing 進行時態(tài)表將來3. 過去將來時的用法:(1) 在敘述過去的事情或事情發(fā)生的經過時,用過去時表示在當時看將來會發(fā)生的事。It was May 30. Mike had just left his home. He was going to play basketball with his friend, so he decided to call his friend first. 那是 5 月 30 號,邁克剛離開家,他打算和朋友一起打籃球,于是他決定先給朋友打電話。(2) 用于主句為一般過去時的賓語從句中,表示將要發(fā)生的事情或曾經打算要做的事情。He asked when the meeting would end. 他問會議何時結束。考點七 現在完成時1. 概念:現在完成時表示過去發(fā)生的動作對現在造成的影響或產生的結果。 還表示動作從過去某時開始,一直持續(xù)到現在,并有可能持續(xù)下去。2. 句式結構:主語+have/ has+過去分詞3. 現在完成時的用法和常用的時間狀語:(1) 表示過去發(fā)生的動作對現在造成的影響或產生的結果,常與 already, yet, ever 等連用。She has already finished the work. 她已經完成了工作。(2) 表示動作從過去某時開始一直持續(xù)到現在,并有可能持續(xù)下去,常與“for+時間段”或“since+表過去的時間點或一般過去時的句子”連用,此時句中的動詞必須是延續(xù)性動詞。He has studied English since 10 years ago. / He has studied English for ten years. 他學英語已經 10 年了。巧記:學習現在完成時,謂語結構要牢記:have/ has+過分。主要用法有兩個:過去的動作對現在的影響和結果,just, already 常用著;過去的動作或狀態(tài),一直持續(xù)到現在,for, since 把時間帶?？键c八 過去完成時1. 概念:表示到過去某時為止或在過去某時之前已經發(fā)生或完成的動作,即“過去的過去”。 如圖:2. 句式結構:主語+had+過去分詞+其他3. 常用的時間狀語:by the end of last term, by then 以及 when, after 等引導的時間狀語從句。4. 過去完成時的用法:(1) 表示在過去某一時間之前已經發(fā)生或完成的動作,它表示動作發(fā)生在“過去的過去”。By the time we arrived, the meeting had already begun. 當我們到達時,會議已經開始了。(2) 用在 told, knew, heard 等動詞后的賓語從句中。She said (that) she had never been to Pairs. 她說她從沒有去過巴黎。(3) 用在含 when, after, before 等引導的狀語從句的復合句中。When the police arrived, the thieves had run away. 當警察到的時候,小偷們已經逃跑了。鞏固訓練（夯實基礎）一、單項選擇( )1. When did you meet him? While I _ on the street.A. walks B. walk C. was walking D. am walking( )2. Mum, why don't you go to sleep? Your sister _ yet. I _ for her.A. hasn't come back; am waiting B. didn't come back; was waitingC. hadn't come back; was waiting D. came back; waited( )3. King White _ in our company for 20 years. Yes, and she _ here when she was 21 years old.A. has worked; has come B. worked; comesC. worked; came D. has worked; came( )4. Don't forget to visit me when you come here. OK. I _ you a call as soon as I _ there.A. gave; get B. will give; will get C. give; will get D. will give; get( )5. What did you do last summer vacation? Don't mention it. I _ always _ my parents on the farm.A. was; helping B. / ; helped C. would; help D. have; helped( )6. Would you like to see the movie? No, thanks. I _ it twice.A. have seen B. seen C. saw D. had seen( )7. Are you still single? No, I _ for two months.A. have been married B. have married C. was marrying D. married( )8. We will do some cleaning if the weather _ fine tomorrow. But I think it _ rain.A. will be; is going to B. is; is going to C. is; has D. will be; has( )9. Mike is preparing his luggage. Yes. He _ for Canada on vacation.A. leaves B. left C. is leaving D. has been away( )10. Be quiet. Dad _ in the next room. Sorry.A. sleeps B. slept C. is sleeping D. was sleeping二、用所給單詞的正確形式填空1. I _ (go) to America next Friday.2. Mary usually _ (go) to school at 7 o'clock.3. Aunt Lily _ (be) a beautiful girl twenty years ago.4. Tim _ (study) English for ten years.5. By the end of last month, I _ (finish) the project.6. He will go home if he _ (wake) up.7. Kate is _ (leave) for Beijing tomorrow.8. She asked when Lucy _ (come).9. Paul, what were you doing at nine last night.I _ (watch) a movie in the cinema with my friends.10. Michael _ (teach) in a school in Yunnan from February to June next year.答案：學前自測1-5 BDCDD6-10 BDBBC鞏固訓練一、1-5 CADDA6-10 AABCC二、1. will go2. goes3. was4. has studied5. had finished6. wakes7. leaving8. would come9. was watching10. will teach9