Unit 2Cloning李仕才【短文語法填空】The Mid­Autumn Festival in China has nothing, or at least very little, to do 1. autumn. Its about time off work, and the gift that few seem to eat but people keep giving to one another：mooncakes.I 2. (learn) about mooncakes when I moved to Chinas capital city, Beijing. When the Mid­Autumn Festival came around, the city was 3. (live) especially with shopping for mooncakes. Every grocery store seemed to have lines of people 4. (carry) that single item(商品) to the counter. I asked my Chinese friends about mooncakes, and 5. majority of them said that few people actually ate them. Instead，6. (regard) as gifts, theyre chosen for family, friends or co­workers.When years later I moved back to New York City, I didnt expect to find any public 7. (celebrate) of the Mid­Autumn Festival. But Ive been surprised at the ways the festival continues in at least the citys 8. (heavy) Chinese neighborhoods. For weeks before the Mid­Autumn Festival, Brooklyns Chinatown，9. I live, looks a little like Beijing with people running in and out of Chinese bakeries, or standing in line at Chinese grocery stores to buy mooncakes.It looks like Chinese culture can 10. (preserve) while adapting to changing circumstances.【解題導語】本文是一篇記敘文。作者在北京居住時，發(fā)現(xiàn)中秋節(jié)前，盡管很少吃月餅，但人們?nèi)韵矚g買月餅送人。回到紐約后，作者發(fā)現(xiàn)紐約的中國人也這樣做。作者由此發(fā)出感慨：似乎中國文化在適應(yīng)變化中的環(huán)境時能被保存下來。1with解析：考查介詞。中國的中秋節(jié)和秋天沒有或者說幾乎沒有一點關(guān)系。它是關(guān)于休息和似乎很少人吃但是人們?nèi)匀换ハ噘浰偷亩Y物“月餅”的。 have nothing/something to do with.“和無關(guān)/有關(guān)”，是固定搭配。2learned/learnt解析：考查動詞的時態(tài)。當我搬到中國的首都北京時，我了解了關(guān)于月餅的一些情況。主從句的動作幾乎是同時發(fā)生的，從句用了一般過去時，故主句也用一般過去時。3lively解析：考查形容詞。空處作表語，且意為“氣氛熱鬧的，熙熙攘攘的”，故用形容詞 lively。4carrying解析：考查非謂語動詞。每個雜貨店似乎都排著隊伍，隊伍中滿是拿著月餅向柜臺走去的人。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，people 后是非謂語動詞作定語，people 與 carry 之間是主謂關(guān)系，且此處表示動作正在進行，故用現(xiàn)在分詞作定語。5the解析：考查冠詞。the majority of 是固定搭配，意為“中的大多數(shù)”，故填the。6regarded解析：考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知， as gifts 作狀語，根據(jù)固定搭配 be regarded as “被視為”和 they(指代 mooncakes) 與 regard 之間的動賓關(guān)系可知，此處應(yīng)該用過去分詞作狀語。7celebration(s)解析：考查名詞。根據(jù)空前的any public 和空后的 of 可知，空處應(yīng)該填名詞 celebration(s)“慶?；顒印?。8heavily解析：考查副詞。此處表示“至少在這個城市有大量中國人的社區(qū)”。空處修飾形容詞Chinese，且表示“大量地，在很大程度上”，故用副詞 heavily。9where解析：考查定語從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導非限制性定語從句，先行詞是 Brooklyns Chinatown，表示地點，關(guān)系詞在從句中作地點狀語，故用 where。10be preserved解析：考查動詞的語態(tài)。似乎中國文化在適應(yīng)變化中的環(huán)境時能被保存下來。 preserve “保存，保留”，是及物動詞，故此處用被動語態(tài)。(對應(yīng)學生用書P188)一高考單詞識記·思考·運用1核心詞匯differ vi.不同；相異 _different_ adj.不同的；與眾不同的 _difference_ n差異；不同_undertake_ (undertook；undertaken)vt.著手；從事；承擔_cast_ vt.扔；投；擲 _cast_ /_cast_ (過去式/過去分詞)object vi.反對；不贊成 n物體；目標 _objection_ n不贊成；反對；異議_obtain_ vt.獲得；贏得retire vi.退休；離開 _retirement_ n退休bother vt.打擾 vi.操心 n煩擾 _bothersome_ adj.引起麻煩的，困擾人的_strike_ (struck/struck) vi.& vt.& n打；撞擊；罷工_resist_ vt.抵抗；對抗2?？荚~匯attain vt._獲得；達到(水平、年齡、狀況等)_accumulate vt.& vi._積累；聚積_procedure n_程序；步驟；手續(xù)_adore vt._崇拜；愛慕；喜愛_forbid (forbade/forbad，forbidden)vt._禁止；不準_medium n(pl.media) _媒介；手段；工具_用所給單詞的適當形式填空1Thats _exactly_ (exact) what is happening in small neighborhoods around the country from Orange County，California，where 22 measles (麻疹) cases were reported this month，to Brooklyn，N.Y.，where a 17yearold caused an outbreak last year.(2017·北京卷)2I have my doubts that anyone has actually followed the _procedures_ (procedure) strictly.(2017·天津卷)3This combination of healing myself and healing the world _struck_ (strike) me as the perfect solution.(2017·天津卷)4You may have the opportunity to make your biggest _difference_ (differ) when youre older.But why not start now？(2016·四川卷)5Instead，babies may form an understanding of _object_ (objective) support through repeated experiments.(2016·浙江卷)6The Thames has many islands.Miranda _has undertaken_ (undertake) a review of all of them.(2015·全國卷)7The early morning sees the arrival of large trucks with tomatoesofficial fightstarters get things going by _casting_ (cast) tomatoes at the crowd.(2015·福建卷)8One of the projects was to build a clay pot，but I built mine _incorrectly_ (correct)，so it broke in the kiln (窯)(2015·湖南卷)“完全地”全掌握altogether 總共；完全地entirely 徹底地，完全地completely 完全地；圓滿地，全面地totally 完全地；總共快速掌握“獲得”家族receive 收到，得到(信、命令、請?zhí)?；接受(歡迎，請愿等)get 獲得；賺得；贏得obtain 得到，獲得；達到(目的)acquire 獲得；招致；學得；養(yǎng)成(習慣等)gain 獲得；贏得，打勝(戰(zhàn)爭、官司)be available 可以得到的，可以買到的“職場經(jīng)歷”的高頻詞速記apply vt.& vi.申請appoint vt.任命；委派dismiss vt.免的職；解雇；開除fire vt.開除；解雇interview vt.接見；采訪；面試promote vt.提升；晉升resign vi.辭職 vt.辭去retire vi.退休；離開帶后綴ology的相關(guān)詞匯集錦biology n生物學geology n地理學ecology n生態(tài)學psychology n心理學sociology n社會學technology n技術(shù)；工藝zoology n動物學archaeology n考古學【完形填空】It was 3 am，a cold and wet night，on August 21,2010.I had just left a local club to travel ten kilometers home when I lost _1_ of my car on Grand Junction Road in Hope Valley.I _2_ into a still car that was _3_ in front of a house，and then hit a tree.I was badly injured！_4_ still，I had no idea that a fire had started _5_ the bonnet (引擎蓋)of my car._6_ in the car behind me was a young man，who I later found out was called Jared.He saw the accident occur and _7_ to help me out of the car.He put his own life in _8_ when he got into the back seat trying to undo my seat belt.With my seat belt _9_ ，Jared then broke the driver's window to drag me out.He _10_ did this while my car was burning._11_ by the crash，the homeowners came out to investigate(調(diào)查)Jared told them to ring emergency services _12_ he continued to help me out of the car.I _13_ my life to Jared and I consider him a good friend due to the _14_ bond created on the night he dragged me to safety.I was rushed to the Royal Adelaide Hospital in a _15_ condition，five bones broken.I spent a few weeks in hospital，during which time Jared visited me to see how I was _16_.He also continued to contact me after I returned home.He says he doesn't believe that he did anything special.On that，I _17_ disagree with him and am very glad that he didn't get hurt in the _18_.Today，nearly seven years later，Jared and I still _19_ and often talk about the events of that night.Jared is my _20_ and my friend.1A.balance BsightCinterest Dcontrol2A.got BsteppedCcrashed Dhid3A.kept BparkedCfound Dstood4A.Worse BLuckilyCClearly DBadly5A.off BunderCnear Dbeyond6A.Sitting BSleepingCDriving DWaiting7A.stopped BfailedChappened Dhesitated8A.practice BhandCsafety Ddanger9A.renewed BundoneCrepaired Dfastened10A.hardly BgraduallyCbravely Dnaturally11A.Annoyed BDraggedCWarned DWoken12A.while BalthoughCuntil Dsince13A.devote BoweCtake Dsave14A.bloody BsocialCspecial Dloose15A.nervous BpleasantCnormal Dserious16A.recovering BoperatingCstruggling Drelaxing17A.eventually BexactlyCtotally Dprobably18A.spot BprocessCway Dchallenge19A.take care Bfit inCdrop in on Dkeep in touch20A.angel BownerCdoctor Ddriver【解題導語】本文是一篇記敘文。七年前的一個夜晚，“我”的車失控撞到前面的車輛和樹木，然后起火，“我”受了重傷，“我”后邊的車里的年輕人勇敢將“我”從車里救出來并把“我”送到醫(yī)院?！拔摇笨祻秃蠛湍莻€年輕人成了好朋友。1D考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)下文中的“hit a tree”可推知，“我”的車失控了。lose control of.為固定短語，意為“對失去控制”，符合語境。故選D。2C考查動詞辨析。根據(jù)下文中的“hit a tree.I was badly injured！”可推知，“我”撞上了一輛車。“crash into”為固定短語，意為“撞上”。故選C。3B考查動詞辨析。根據(jù)本句中的“a still car”和空格后的“in front of a house”可推知，“我”撞上了一輛停在房子前面的車。B項意為“停放(汽車等)”，符合語境。故選B。4A考查副詞辨析。根據(jù)本句中的“I had no idea that a fire had started.”可推知，撞車本來就是一件很糟糕的事，而著火則令事情更加糟糕。worse still意為“更糟糕的是”，符合語境。故選A。5B考查介詞辨析。根據(jù)本句中的“the bonnet(引擎蓋)of my car”可推知，車的引擎蓋下面著火了，而作者并不知情。B項意為“在下面”，符合語境。故選B。6C考查動詞辨析。根據(jù)下文“He saw the accident occur.”及語境可知，這個年輕人目擊了這起事故；由此可推知，他當時應(yīng)該是在我后面開車。故選C。7A考查動詞辨析。根據(jù)下文所描述的這個年輕人救“我”的過程可推知，此處是指他停下自己的車然后把“我”從車里救出來。stop to do sth.意為“停下來去做某事”，符合語境。故選A。8D考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)上文可知，“我”的車撞到了一輛車并起火；由此可推知，這個年輕人是冒著生命危險將“我”從車里拽出來的。put.in danger為固定搭配，意為“將置于危險之中”。故選D。9B考查動詞辨析。根據(jù)上一段中的“when he got into the back seat trying to undo my seat belt”可推知，他先解開了我的安全帶。B項意為“解開，松開”，符合語境。故選B。10C考查副詞辨析。根據(jù)本句中的“while my car was burning”可推知，當時車還在著火，所以將“我”從車里拽出來很危險，他的這個行為很勇敢。C項意為“勇敢地”，符合語境。故選C。11D考查動詞辨析。根據(jù)文章第一句中的“It was 3 am, a cold and wet night”可知，此處指這家人被這場事故吵醒。D項意為“弄醒，醒來”，符合語境。故選D。12A考查連詞辨析。句意為：Jared告訴他們打急救電話，同時繼續(xù)把“我”從車中拽出來。while意為“與同時”，強調(diào)兩件事同時發(fā)生。故選A。13B考查動詞辨析。此處指“我”能活下來是因為Jared。 owe.to.為固定用法，意為“將歸功于”。故選B。14C考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)本句中的“created on the night he dragged me to safety”可知，此處是指在Jared救“我”的那晚我們就建立了特殊的聯(lián)系。C項意為“特別的”，符合語境。故選C。15D考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)本句中的“five bones broken”可知，“我”被送往醫(yī)院時斷了五根骨頭；由此可推知，“我”的傷勢很嚴重。D項意為“嚴重的”，符合語境。故選D。16A考查動詞辨析。根據(jù)語境及常識可知，Jared來醫(yī)院是看“我”恢復得怎么樣了。A項意為“康復，恢復”，符合語境。故選A。17C考查副詞辨析。根據(jù)前一句“He says he doesn't believe that he did anything special.”可知，他認為自己并沒有做什么特別的事情。而“我”在這一點上完全不同意他的看法，因為他救了“我”的命。C項意為“完全地，全部地”，符合語境。故選C。18B考查名詞辨析。此處是指“我”很慶幸他在營救“我”的過程中沒有受傷。B項意為“過程”，符合語境。故選B。19D考查動詞短語辨析。根據(jù)本句中的“often talk about the events of that night”可知，多年后我們?nèi)匀槐３种?lián)系。D項意為“保持聯(lián)系”，符合語境。故選D。20A考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)上文可知，Jared救過“我”的命，因此“我”覺得他是“我”的天使、“我”的朋友。A項意為“天使”，符合語境。故選A。二重點短語識記·思考·運用1動詞介詞(副詞)pay _off_ 得到好結(jié)果；取得成功；償清cast _down_ 沮喪；不愉快object _to_ 反對owe._to_.把歸功于2in名詞(of)in favour _of_ 贊成；支持_in_ vain 白費力氣；枉費心機_in_ good/poor condition 狀況很好/壞；情況很好/壞3其他形式(be) bound _to_ (do).一定或注定(做)strike._into_ ones heart 使刻骨銘心from time _to_ time 不時；偶爾bring back _to_ life 使復生；使復活用左欄所給短語的適當形式填空1As an inexperienced teacher，I tried every means to get them to be quiet，but _in vain_，my panic was rising and I could feel my heart beating wildly.(2015·湖南卷)2The doctor did all he could to _bring him back to life_.3We _are bound to_ meet with difficulties in carrying out this research.4Frank won the first prize in the national English competition，and his efforts at last _paid off_.5I have told her about our plan，and she is _in favour of_ it.6He _was cast down_ because he was scolded.7Traffic accidents happen _from time to time_ on this road.8Mountain Tai _struck_ its beauty _into her heart_ and she decided to visit it again the next year.“動詞副詞”回顧再記break down 壞掉；分解；垮下來break up 打碎；分解bring down 使降低，使下降come out 出現(xiàn)，出版，結(jié)果是cut down 砍倒；削減get over 克服make out 辨認出put away 收起；儲存set aside 撥出；置于一旁set off 出發(fā)，引爆“in名詞of”常用搭配in honor of 為紀念in charge of 負責，掌管in terms of 依據(jù)，根據(jù)in praise of 贊揚in favor of 支持，贊同in need of 需要三佳句選粹在解讀中學懂，在仿寫中學通背原句學句型練仿寫1.Then came the disturbing news that Dolly had become seriously ill.接著傳來了多莉病重的壞消息。then位于句首，句子用全部倒裝語序。that引導同位語從句。接著傳來了屠呦呦，一位女科學家，獲得諾貝爾獎的令人興奮的消息。_Then came the exciting news that_ Tu Youyou，a woman scientist，won the Nobel Prize.2.What do you think is the writers point of view in this reading passage?你認為這篇閱讀材料中作者的觀點是什么？本句結(jié)構(gòu)為“疑問詞插入語其他部分”。這本書中你認為哪一部分最有趣？_Which part of this book do you think_ is the most interesting？3.The advantage is that if there is a new illness some of these animals may die.其優(yōu)點是如果發(fā)生某種新的疾病，這類動物中的一些可能會死掉The advantage is that.“其優(yōu)點是”，that引導表語從句。騎自行車上班的優(yōu)勢是我們可以過一種低碳生活。_The advantage of cycling to work is that_ we can live a lowcarbon life.【七選五】Both men and women are living longer these days in industrialized countries. 1 In general, they can expect to live six or seven years more than men. One reason for this is biological.One important biological factor that helps women live longer is the difference in hormones between men and women. 2 Between the ages of about 12 and 50, women produce hormones that are involved in fertility(生育能力). These hormones also have a positive effect on the heart and blood flow. In fact, women are less likely to have high blood pressure or to die from heart attacks. 3 They help the body defend itself against some kinds of infections. This means that women generally ger sick less often and less seriously than men. The common cold is a good example: women, on average, get fewer colds than men. 4 Scientists are still not exactly sure how influence aging, but they believe that they do. Some think that a womans body cells have a tendency(傾向) to age more slowly than a mans. Others think that a mans body cells have a tendency to age more quickly . 5 A. However, women, on average, live longer.B. The biological factor plays an important part. C. Women are also helped by their female genes. D. The female hormones also protect the body in another way. E. Recent research seems to support both of these possibilities. F. Therefore, women are more healthy than men and can live a better life. G. Hormones are chemicals which are produced by the body to control carious body functions.【語篇解讀】本文介紹了女性比男性壽命長的原因。1.A 根據(jù)空格下一句 一般說，女性比男性多活6到7年可知此處的意思是：然而，女性平均比男性壽命更長。故選A。2.G 根據(jù)空格上句男性和女性之間荷爾蒙的不同幫助女性活得更久可知此空的意思是：荷爾蒙是身體分泌的控制身體各種功能的化學物質(zhì)。故選G。3.D 根據(jù)下句它們幫助身體本身抵抗各種感染可知此空的意思是：女性荷爾蒙也用另一種方式保護身體。故選D。5.E 根據(jù)空格前兩句一些人認為女性的身體細胞有比男性老化慢的傾向，另一些人認為男性的身體細胞有老化較快的傾向可知E項最近的研究似乎支持這兩種可能符合題意。故選E。 11