Unit 3Computers李仕才【短文語法填空】No one loves me more than my parents, especially my father. My father is stout and strong, 1 a severe look on his face and keen expressive eyes. At first sight you may feel him hard 2 ( approach ). In fact he is very kind and considerate. I believe my father is a 3 ( talent ) man. He is decisive and efficient in doing things. By his own talents and years of efforts, he 4 ( provide ) his family with a good social position and a 5 ( relative ) rich life. Besides, he lives in harmony with others and never quarrels with anyone, so people from all walks of life come to my home, from 6 Ive gained lots of social experiences. But at home he is a strict parent who is hard on me and has high 7 ( expectation ) of me. I can see that my idling away time 8 ( hurt ) him deeply, while if I have done something great and meaningful, such as 19_ ( write ) a book, he will be more excited than me. I always remind 10 ( me ) I must go on and on, and never shall I give up halfway.【文章大意】本文是一篇記敘文。講述父親是一個結(jié)實健壯的人，友好善良，用自己的天賦和努力為家人創(chuàng)造了好的生活，但是父親對我嚴(yán)格，期待很高。我將不會辜負(fù)父親的厚望，一定努力，決不不半路放棄。1.with 2.to approach 【解析】考查不定式。to approach作狀語修飾hard，形容詞后不定式作狀語，him是不定式的邏輯賓語，用不定式的主動形式表示被動。故填to approach。3.talented 【解析】考查形容詞。句意：父親是一個有天賦的人。talented有天賦的修飾man作定語，作定語用形容詞。故填talented。4.has provided 【解析】考查動詞。句意：用自己的天賦和多年的努力，父親為全家提供了好的社會地位和相對富裕的生活。根據(jù)語境可知，提供這一動作指過去發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的結(jié)果，用現(xiàn)在完成時。主語是第三人稱單數(shù)。故填has provided。5.relatively 【解析】考查副詞。relatively相對地修飾rich作狀語，作狀語用副詞。故填relatively。6.whom 【解析】考查定語從句。from _6_ Ive gained lots of social experiences作定語修飾all walks of life，作介詞賓語，指人，用關(guān)系代詞whom。故填whom。7.expectations 8.hurts 【解析】考查動詞。句意：我明白我虛度的時間深深傷害了他。講述現(xiàn)在的事情，且主語是第三人稱單數(shù)。故填hurts。9.writing 【解析】考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)化。 such as諸如，as是介詞，介詞后跟動名詞作賓語。故填writing。10.myself 【解析】考查代詞。句意：我總是提醒我自己我必須一直向前，絕不半路放棄。主語和賓語指同一事物，作賓語用翻身代詞。故填myself。total adj.總的；整個的n總數(shù)；合計(1)a total failure 完全失敗a total of.總共in total 加起來(2)totally adv.完全地；整個地(教材原句)As a result I totally changed my shape.結(jié)果我的外形完全改變了。A_total of 132 people were killed in the Paris attacks.共有132人在巴黎恐怖襲擊中被殺。My efforts ended in total (totally)failure.我的努力終歸全盤失敗。signal vi.& vt.發(fā)信號n.信號(1)a danger/warning signal 危險/警告信號traffic signals 交通信號燈a stop signal 停車信號(2)signal(to)sb.to do sth.示意某人做某事signal to sb.向某人示意signal(sb.)that 示意(教材原句)For example，I have learned to signal to my teammates in computer language to give me the ball when I am open and have a good shot for a goal.例如，當(dāng)我啟動的時候，我可以用計算機語言向隊友示意把球傳給我，這樣可以有一個漂亮的射門。 (2015·湖北卷)In order not to be heard，she pointed her finger upwards to_signal (signal) that someone was moving about upstairs.為了不被別人聽到，她手指向上指，示意有人正在樓上走動。(2016·全國卷)Ranis friendlinessher warm smile，her nods，herIm here for youattitudewere all silent signals (signal) that didnt travel through wires.Rani的友好她溫暖的微笑，點頭，我與你同在的態(tài)度這一切都是無聲的無線傳遞的信號。signal/symbol/sign/marksignal指為某一目的而有意發(fā)出的信號symbol指象征或表達(dá)某種深邃意蘊的特殊事物sign普通用詞。指人們公認(rèn)的事物的記號，也可指某種情況的征兆mark普通用詞，含義廣泛。既可指為便于辨認(rèn)而有意做的標(biāo)記，又可指自然形成的標(biāo)記或有別于其他事物的特征arise vi.出現(xiàn)；發(fā)生；起身，起床(1)作“呈現(xiàn)；出現(xiàn)；發(fā)生”之意時，主語多為以下抽象名詞：argument/problem/quarrel/ question/movement。(2)arise from由而引起，由而產(chǎn)生；從中產(chǎn)生。(教材原句)Then she prepares reliable moves to use if a new situation arises.然后，如果出現(xiàn)新的情況，她就準(zhǔn)備好可供使用的可靠的動作。Problems arise from/out_of the lack of communication.由于缺乏交流而產(chǎn)生問題。arise/rise/raise/arouse原形詞性詞義過去式過去分詞現(xiàn)在分詞arise(vi.)出現(xiàn)，發(fā)生，起因于arosearisenarisingrise(vi.)升起，起立，增長，上升roserisenrisingraise(vt.)舉起，提高，飼養(yǎng)，養(yǎng)育，籌集，招募raisedraisedraisingarouse(vt.)喚醒，激起arousedarousedarousingOne of the problems arising (arise) from the present economic situation is that the price is rising (rise) sharply，of course，partly because some illegal businessmen raise it on purpose，which has_aroused (arouse) some objection.由當(dāng)前經(jīng)濟形勢產(chǎn)生的問題之一是價格迅速上漲，當(dāng)然，部分原因是一些不法商販故意提高價格；這種現(xiàn)象已經(jīng)引起了一片反對之聲。填一填I(lǐng)t is no easy task to raise a child in a family.The price of wheat has risen since last year.A new crisis has arisen.(2017·江蘇卷)As a result its likely to see a rise in the size of its workingage population and to witness strong economic growth over the longer term.【七選五】Are you having trouble concentrating when you're reading a book or listening to a lecture？This list of activities might help to improve your study habits.Make a list.We often have trouble paying attention to one thing because our brain wants to think about something else. 1 You don't worry about whatever else you should be doing.Sleep more.Studies show that people who sleep fewer than eight hours a night for a period of time have slower response systems and more difficulty recalling information. 2 Eat healthier foods.Many people enjoy foods high in fats and sugars. 3 They might give you a temporary burst of energy.However，that energy is soon followed by a crash.Reduce screen time.This may be the most unpopular suggestion among young people.Screen time time spent looking at cell phones，televisions，computer screens，has a clear effect on the attention span. 4 5 Concentration improves for students who participate in team sports.It could be that being active is helpful in this way.Participating in a sport trains your brain to concentrate on specific tasks，and shut out other thoughts.ABe active.BPractice more.CThese foods can provide enough energy for focusing.DBut these foods can't be helpful enough when it comes to focusing.EThat is bad news for teens who stay up studying the night before a test.FResearchers advise parents to limit it when their children need to be focused.GBy writing down all the things you need to do，you'll gain a sense of control.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。介紹了幾種提高注意力的方法。1G根據(jù)本段的主題句“列清單”以及空后的“You don't worry about whatever else you should be doing.”可知，選G項。2E根據(jù)本段的主題句“Sleep more.”和空前一句的內(nèi)容可知，選E項。3D下文的“that energy is soon followed by a crash”與D項中的“can't be helpful enough”相對應(yīng)，故答案為D。4F本段的主題句“Reduce screen time.”與選項F中的“l(fā)imit it”對應(yīng)，故答案為F。5A空處為本段的主題句，由下文的“It could be that being active is helpful in this way.”可知，答案為A。as a result 結(jié)果；因此as a result of 作為的結(jié)果，由于without result 毫無結(jié)果地；無效地result inlead to 導(dǎo)致，造成result from由引起，因為(教材原句)As a result I totally changed my shape.結(jié)果，我徹底改變了形狀。We helped each other in studies and as a result we became good friends.我們在學(xué)習(xí)上互相幫助，結(jié)果我們成了好朋友。The accident resulted in the death of two passengers.這起事故導(dǎo)致兩名乘客喪生。The death of two passengers resulted from the accident.Two passengers died as a result of the accident.單句語法填空(2017·北京卷)People have better access to health care than they used to，and theyre living longer as a result.in a way(in one way/in some way)從某一角度；在某種程度上on ones/the way to 在的途中；即將成為all the way 一路上；始終；一直by the way 順便說by way of 經(jīng)由；途徑in the way 妨礙；擋路in no way 決不give way to 讓位于；讓路于No way！別想！沒門！(教材原句)In a way our programmer is like our coach.從某種程度上講，我們的程序員就好比是我們的教練。(2016·全國卷)Sitting back in the car on the way to the airport，I figured it all out.在去機場的路上，我坐在車的后面，把這一切都弄明白了。In no way can we miss the chance that someone will be sent abroad for further education.我們決不能錯過這個被派往國外深造的機會。填一填I(lǐng)ll buy some vegetables on_my_way home.Youll have to moveyoure in_the_way.Its surprising that so many people should go abroad by_way_of Hong Kong.What he has said is reasonable in_a_way.(2017·天津卷)In some ways, she lives in my house.deal with 處理；安排；對付；論述；談?wù)?；與打交道how to deal with sth./what to do with sth.如何處理某物 deal in sth.做生意，經(jīng)營，買賣make a deal 達(dá)成協(xié)議；做成交易Its a deal.成交；一言為定。(教材原句)This means that it should clean the house，mop the floors，cook the dinner and deal with telephone calls.這意味著它應(yīng)該打掃房間、擦地、煮飯和接聽電話。Such a man is difficult to_deal (deal)with.這種人不容易相處。With so many things to_deal (deal) with，I have to work late into the night.有很多事情有待于處理，我得工作到深夜。I have no way yet as to what to_do (do) with such a complicated situation.這樣復(fù)雜的局面該怎么應(yīng)付我還沒譜兒呢。deal with/do withdeal with意為“處理；安排；對付；涉及；談?wù)?；與交易”等，其中的deal是不及物動詞，故該短語常與疑問副詞how連用do with意為“處理；安排；對付”等，do為及物動詞，該短語與疑問代詞what連用I dont know how they will deal with the problem.I dont know what they will do with the problem.我不知道他們將如何處理這個問題。【短文改錯】Last weekend I went on a eco­travel with a travel agency.All the way we appreciate the beautiful scenery and fresh air，so a few of us picked flowers while going sightseeing.What was worse，many tourists threw rubbishes here and there.I don't think that it is a truly eco­travel.An eco­travel not only allows us to express our love for nature，but needs our responsibility as well as.A real eco­travel should like this：take nothing away but your good memory；leave nothing behind but all cleaner water and green trees.Enjoyed the beauty of nature，we should try their best to protect it.【答案】Last weekend I went on eco­travel with a travel agency.All the way we the beautiful scenery and fresh air， a few of us picked flowers while going sightseeing.What was worse，many tourists threw here and there.I don't think that it is a eco­travel.An eco­travel not only allows us to express our love for nature，but needs our responsibility as well .A real eco­travel should like this：take nothing away but your good memory；leave nothing behind but all water and green trees. the beauty of nature，we should try best to protect it.第一處：aan。考查冠詞。eco­travel的讀音以元音音素開頭，所以用an。第二處：appreciateappreciated?？疾闀r態(tài)。根據(jù)時間狀語Last weekend可知，應(yīng)用一般過去時。第三處：sobut。考查連詞。一路上我們欣賞美麗的景色，但是有人摘花。前后表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故用but。第四處：rubbishesrubbish?？疾槊~。rubbish作“垃圾”講，為不可數(shù)名詞。第五處：trulytrue?？疾樾稳菰~。此處應(yīng)用形容詞修飾名詞eco­travel。第六處：刪除well后的as?？疾楣潭ū磉_(dá)。as well as后跟賓語，意為“以及”，不符合語境，此處應(yīng)用as well表示“也”，放在句末。第七處：like前加be。考查系動詞。此處like是介詞，should后缺少be動詞。第八處：cleanerclean?？疾樾稳菰~。根據(jù)and后面的green以及語境可知，此處應(yīng)用形容詞原級。第九處：EnjoyedEnjoying?？疾榉侵^語動詞。主語we和enjoy之間是主謂關(guān)系，所以應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞。第十處：theirour。考查代詞。主語是we，此處表示“我們應(yīng)該盡我們最大的努力去保護(hù)大自然”，故應(yīng)用our。As time went by，I was made smaller.隨著時間的推移，我被做得更小了。as意為“隨著”，引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句。as作為連詞的用法主要有：(1)“正如；按照”，引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句；(2)“當(dāng)時候；一邊一邊；隨著”，引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句；(3)“因為；既然”，引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句；(4)“盡管”，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句(從句使用部分倒裝，即將形容詞、副詞、名詞、動詞等放于as前面；單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞提前時應(yīng)該省掉冠詞)；(5)引導(dǎo)比較狀語從句，常用于as.as.句型，意為“像一樣”(第一個as是副詞，第二個as是連詞)。As autumn draws (draw) near，leaves begin to fall from the trees.隨著秋天的臨近，樹葉開始凋落。As you were (be) out，I left a message.你不在，所以我留了一張字條。Tired (Tire) as he was，he worked on.盡管他很累，他還繼續(xù)工作。單句語法填空(2017·江蘇卷)A rethink is requiredand as a new approach starts to become apparent, two ideas stand out.as/withas“隨著”，是連詞，引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句with“隨著”，是介詞，后接名詞或代詞等構(gòu)成with短語或with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)As time went (go) on/by(With time going (go) on/by)，Einsteins theory proved to be correct.隨著歲月的推移，愛因斯坦的理論被證明是正確的。And my memory became so_large_that even I couldnt believe it!我的存儲量變得如此之大，連我自己都不能相信！so/such.that引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句，意為“如此以至于”。(1)so.that.基本句式：(2)such.that.基本句式：(3)soadj./adv.that.句型中，若結(jié)果狀語從句是否定形式，可以轉(zhuǎn)換成“too.to.”結(jié)構(gòu)；若結(jié)果狀語從句是肯定形式，可以轉(zhuǎn)換成“.enough to.”結(jié)構(gòu)。(4)so that既引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句也引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句。引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句時常有can/could/may/might等情態(tài)動詞，此時so that可用in order that代替。(5)當(dāng)so/such及其后部分放在句首時，主句用部分倒裝。She is so clever a girl that we all like her.She is such a clever girl that we all like her.So clever a girl is she that we all like her.Such a clever girl is she that we all like her.她是一個如此聰明的姑娘，我們都喜歡她。There was so little water left that only little children were given some.剩下的水不多了，只給小孩分了一些。It is such lovely weather that we all want to go out for a walk.天氣那么好，我們都想出去散步?！鹃喿x理解】Grey clouds move as low as smoke over the treetops at Lolo Pass. The ground is white. The day is June 10.It has been snowing for the past four days in the Bitterroot Mountains. Wayne Fairchild is getting worried about our trek over the Lolo Trail-95 miles from Lolo Montana to Weippe in Idaho, across the roughest country in the West. Lewis and Clark were nearly defeated 200 years ago by snowstorms on the Lolo. Today Fairchild is nervously checking the weather reports. He has agreed to take me across the toughest, middle section of the trail.When Lewis climbed on top of Lemhi Pass,140 miles south of Missoula, on Aug.12,1805,he was astonished by what was in front of him; high mountain chains still to the West of us with their tops partially covered with snow. Nobody in what was then the US knew the Rocky Mountains existed, with peaks twice as high as anything in the Appalachians back East.Today their pathway through those mountains holds more attraction than any other ground over which they traveled, for its raw wilderness is an evidence to the character of two cultures: the explorers who braved its hardships and the Native Americans who prize and conserve the path as a sacred (神圣的)gift. It remains today the same condition as when Lewis and Clark walked it.The Lolo is passable only from July to mid-September. Our luck is holding with the weather, although the snow keeps getting deeper. As we climb to Indian Post Office, the highest point on the trail at 7,033 ft, we have covered 13 miles in soft snow, and we hardly have enough energy to make dinner. After a meal of chicken, I sit on a rock on top of the ridge (山脊）.There is no light visible in any direction, not even another campfire. For four days we do not see another human being. We are occupied with the things that mix fear with joy. In our imagination we have finally caught up with Lewis and Clark.1. We learn from the text that before 1805 .A. The Rocky Mountains were wholly covered with snowB. there were no people living in the western part of AmericaC.no Americans knew of the existence of the Rocky MountainsD. the Appalachians were the western frontier of the United States2.We learn from the text that the Lolo Pass .A. has changed a lot since 1805 B.is the meeting point of three culturesC. remains much the same as it was 200 years ago D. now attracts a large number of tourists to visit3.Judging from the text, Lewis and Clark were most probably .A. two native Indians B. explorers of the early 19th centuryC. merchants who did business with the IndiansD. travelers whose curiosity took them over the Lolo Pass4.We can infer from the text that when crossing the Lolo Pass the author .A. was attempting the impossible B. was trying to set a world recordC. was following the trail of Lewis and Clark D. was fighting with weather and taking unnecessary risks【文章大意】本文紀(jì)錄的是一次追尋前人足跡的探險，盡管天氣、路程等的艱難，但是在作者看來卻是已經(jīng)趕上了以前的探險者。1.C 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段Nobody in what was then the US knew the Rocky Mountains existed, with peaks twice as high as anything in the Appalachians back East.可知答案為C。2.C 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句It remains today the same condition as when Lewis and Clark walked it.可知答案為C。4.C 【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的描述可知，作者他們是沿著Lewis and Clark的足跡進(jìn)行探險的。 12