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1、　Unit 1　Living well Ⅰ.閱讀理解(2018河北石家莊二中一模) It’s 3 o’clock and you’ve been hard at work.As you sit at your desk,a strong desire for chocolate overcomes you.You try to busy yourself to make it go away.But it doesn’t work.Here is another situation.Perhaps you are not feeling well.The only thing you wa

2、nt to eat is a big bowl of chicken soup,like your mom used to make when you were sick as a child.Food cravings (渴望) are a strong desire for a specific type of food.And they are normal. Scientists at the website How Stuff Works compare hunger and cravings this way:Hunger is a fairly simple connectio

3、n between the stomach and the brain.They even call it simply “stomach hunger”.When our stomachs burn up all of the food we have eaten,a hormone sends a message to one part of the brain for more food,which regulates our most basic body functions such as thirst,hunger and sleep.The brain then produces

4、 a chemical to start the appetite and you eat.Hunger is a function of survival. A craving is more complex.It activates(激活) brain areas related to emotion,memory and reward.These are the same areas of the brain activated during drug-craving studies.Some scientists call food cravings “mind hunger”.Pe

5、ople often crave foods that are high in fat and sugar,which produce chemicals in the brain.These chemicals give us feelings of pleasure. In a 2007 study,researchers at Cambridge University found that “dieting or restricted eating generally increases the possibility of food craving”.Thus,the more yo

6、u deny yourself a food that you want,the more you may crave it.However,fasting is a bit different.They found that eating no food at all for a short period of time lessened food cravings. Therefore,the next time you crave something very specific,know that your brain may be more to blame than your st

7、omach. 1.What is the function of the first paragraph? A.To remind readers of their own special food. B.To deepen the understanding of hunger. C.To report the discovery of craving study. D.To lead to the topic of the whole passage. 2.What do we learn about food craving? A.It shows food is li

8、nked to feelings. B.It ensures a person survives hunger. C.It means the stomach functions well. D.It proves the brain decides your appetite. 3.What’s the likely result of dieting? A.The decrease of chemicals. B.The increase of the desire for food. C.The refusal of fat and sugar. D.The disapp

9、earance of appetite. 4.What does the passage mainly discuss? A.The functions of brain areas. B.What hunger is all about. C.The findings of food cravings. D.What dieting may bring us. 語(yǔ)篇解讀:饑餓與食物渴望存在區(qū)別。節(jié)食或限制飲食通常會(huì)增加食物渴望的可能性,食物渴望也與我們的大腦有關(guān)。 答案及剖析: 1.D　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段最后兩句Food cravings(渴望) are a strong

10、desire for a specific type of food.And they are normal.可知,第一段是為了引出整篇文章的話(huà)題。 2.A　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的People often crave foods that are high in fat and sugar,which produce chemicals in the brain.These chemicals give us feelings of pleasure.可知,食物渴望與情感有關(guān)系。其他選項(xiàng)主要是關(guān)于饑餓而不是關(guān)于食物渴望的。 3.B　推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段第一句In a 2007 s

11、tudy,researchers at Cambridge University found that “dieting or restricted eating generally increases the possibility of food craving”.可知,節(jié)食會(huì)導(dǎo)致對(duì)食物欲望的增加。 4.C　主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段中的Therefore,the next time you crave something very specific,know that your brain may be more to blame than your stomach.可知,本文主要談?wù)摿?/p>

12、關(guān)于食物渴望的調(diào)查結(jié)果。 Ⅱ.七選五(2018福建廈門(mén)質(zhì)檢) Each one of us has different natural and acquired abilities.Some learn new languages quickly,and some are more social than others.1.　　　 Obviously,people interpret what you’re saying in different ways,based on the way they think.? 2.　　　 While expecting to convince ot

13、hers,we rely on our own thinking tools and strengths.It doesn’t matter if you’re trying to persuade your boss to adopt a new idea.But when you need to persuade your colleague,switch chairs with your listener and ask yourself what his or her strength is.Sure,you take into account what’s important to

14、them.? 3.　　　 Try to fit someone you work with into the different thinking categories—individual thinking or group thinking.To quickly identify if someone thinks better individually or in a group,I ask one simple question: Did you prefer studying by yourself or in a group in high school? You’ll find

15、 out most people will answer in the blink of an eye.? Then how to communicate better after identifying individual or group thinking? 4.　　　 Individual thinkers need some time by themselves to digest a new idea.Therefore,try sending them suggestions by e-mail or introduce a new idea and then giving t

16、hem some time to think about it.Group thinkers will react much better when talking about a new idea.5.　　　 When group thinkers ask to talk about something,they’re actually asking you to brainstorm with them to help find a solution using conversation.? A.Choose your presentation strategy. B.You can

17、find out which category you belong to. C.It is a challenge to convince people around you. D.So give them opportunities to voice their thoughts. E.But how about understanding how they actually think? F.Most people are more productive when working alone. G.These strengths determine how we think a

18、nd make decisions. 答案:1—5　GCEAD Ⅲ.完形填空(2018山西太原一模) Leslie Morrissette’s son,Graham,was 6 years old when he was diagnosed with leukemia(白血病).Throughout Graham’s 　1　 in the hospital,Graham connected with everyone he met,from 　2　 patients to younger children.“He would 　3　 other sick children his toy

19、s or act silly to make them laugh,” Leslie said.“Graham’s special spirit is what keeps me going.He gave me the energy and the 　4　 to fight with him.” In 1997,when Graham was 8 years old,he passed away.? 　5　 by how Graham lived his life caring about others,Leslie 　6　 the non-profit Grahamtastic Conn

20、ection in his honor.The organization provides free technology—including computers,iPads,and robots—to children 　7　 against cancer and other serious illnesses.? One of the major goals of Leslie’s work is to 　8　 kids to their classrooms,which really helps them continue their 　9　 despite hospitalizati

21、ons and days 　10　 from school.? The robots “transport” children right into the classroom in real time.They can 　11　 the robots right from their 　12　 bed or home.If the children are unable to attend school,they can 　13　 log on to their tablet or laptop and call in the robot.They can 　14　 up and down

22、 the halls.They can go to lunch with their 　15　.The real magic happens between classes,when they’re walking down the hallway with their friends,by robot,　16　 their weekend and their favorite foods and other things.It’s a great technology that really gives children the feeling of control,when their w

23、orld is maybe 　17　 control.? “Every time I help a child in need,I feel 　18　 Graham is smiling down,” Leslie said.“I believe that Graham’s 　19　 lives on in the work that I do.And I’m 　20　 and privileged to be able to do it in his honor.”? 1.A.surgery B.treatment C.vacation D.rest 2.A.elderly B.sle

24、epy C.deadly D.naughty 3.A.buy B.charge C.return D.lend 4.A.focus B.strength C.resource D.attention 5.A.Confused B.Depressed C.Inspired D.Worried 6.A.left B.visited C.benefited D.founded 7.A.causing B.curing C.battling D.preventing 8.A.connect B.force C.invite D.throw 9.A.career B.education C

25、.struggle D.business 10.A.missed B.stopped C.suffered D.graduated 11.A.operate B.build C.steal D.separate 12.A.flower B.river C.hospital D.hotel 13.A.hardly B.accidentally C.simply D.luckily 14.A.drive B.jump C.climb D.walk 15.A.parents B.friends C.doctors D.patients 16.A.talking about B.putt

26、ing off C.depending on D.thinking of 17.A.under B.within C.away from D.out of 18.A.even if B.as though C.in case D.so that 19.A.success B.joy C.love D.fortune 20.A.angry B.sad C.careful D.proud 語(yǔ)篇解讀:萊斯利的兒子多年前身患白血病但對(duì)生活充滿(mǎn)希望,而且樂(lè)于助人。在兒子離世之后,萊斯利決定以?xún)鹤拥拿x幫助更多患有重病的孩子,讓他們?cè)诨疾〉那闆r下也能像正常孩子一樣繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)。 答案及剖析: 1

27、.B　根據(jù)本句中的in the hospital可知,此處應(yīng)表示格雷厄姆因?yàn)榛疾《卺t(yī)院接受治療期間。treatment意為“治療”,符合語(yǔ)境。surgery意為“手術(shù)”;vacation意為“假期”;rest意為“休息”。 2.A　根據(jù)本句中的connected with everyone he met和younger children可知,格雷厄姆所接觸的人年齡范圍很廣,因此此處應(yīng)表示從老人到兒童都有,故elderly符合語(yǔ)境,意為“年長(zhǎng)的”。sleepy意為“瞌睡的”;deadly意為“致命的”;naughty意為“淘氣的”。 3.D　根據(jù)本句中的act silly to make

28、them laugh并結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知,此處應(yīng)表示格雷厄姆愿意將自己的玩具借給其他生病的孩子,還會(huì)做一些滑稽的動(dòng)作引他們發(fā)笑。lend意為“借給”,符合語(yǔ)境。buy意為“買(mǎi)”;charge意為“收費(fèi);索價(jià)”;return意為“歸還”。 4.B　根據(jù)空前的the energy和空后的fight with him可知,在萊斯利看來(lái),格雷厄姆的表現(xiàn)給了自己同他一起并肩作戰(zhàn)的能量和力量。strength意為“力量”,本空應(yīng)與energy意義相近。focus意為“焦點(diǎn)”;resource意為“資源”;attention意為“注意力”。 5.C　根據(jù)第一段中的倒數(shù)第二、三句可知,此處應(yīng)表示孩子的表現(xiàn)令萊斯

29、利倍受鼓舞,結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知,Inspired符合語(yǔ)境,意為“受鼓舞的;受啟發(fā)的”。inspired by...為過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ),在本句中作狀語(yǔ)表示原因。confused意為“困惑的”;depressed意為“感到壓抑的”;worried意為“擔(dān)憂(yōu)的”。 6.D　根據(jù)下句中的organization可知,此處表示萊斯利受到了格雷厄姆的鼓舞,于是以他的名義建立了一個(gè)非營(yíng)利性組織——Grahamtastic Connection。found意為“建立”,符合語(yǔ)境。leave意為“離開(kāi)”;visit意為“拜訪”;benefit意為“受益于”。 7.C　根據(jù)上文萊斯利的兒子與白血病作斗爭(zhēng)及空后的canc

30、er and other serious illnesses可知,此處應(yīng)表示該組織為那些正在與癌癥及其他重病作斗爭(zhēng)的孩子們提供免費(fèi)技術(shù)。此處battle作動(dòng)詞,意為“斗爭(zhēng);搏斗”,符合語(yǔ)境。cause意為“引起;導(dǎo)致”;cure意為“治愈”; prevent意為“阻止”。 8.A　根據(jù)第四段的內(nèi)容可知,此處應(yīng)表示萊斯利的主要目標(biāo)之一是幫助生病的孩子接觸到教室,這樣就能讓在醫(yī)院接受治療的孩子們得到繼續(xù)接受教育的機(jī)會(huì)。connect...to...意為“將……和……聯(lián)系起來(lái)”,符合語(yǔ)境。force意為“強(qiáng)迫”;invite意為“邀請(qǐng)”;throw意為“扔”。 9.B　根據(jù)本句中的classro

31、oms和school可知,此處表示這樣能夠幫助孩子們?cè)谧≡浩陂g仍然可以繼續(xù)完成學(xué)業(yè)。education意為“教育”,符合語(yǔ)境。career意為“職業(yè)”;struggle意為“斗爭(zhēng);奮斗”;business意為“商業(yè)”。 10.A　結(jié)合常識(shí)可知,這些孩子因?yàn)樽≡憾荒苌蠈W(xué),錯(cuò)過(guò)了上學(xué)的日子。miss意為“錯(cuò)過(guò)”,在此處用過(guò)去分詞形式,作后置定語(yǔ),符合語(yǔ)境。stop意為“停止”;suffer意為“遭受”;graduate意為“畢業(yè)”。 11.A　根據(jù)本段第一句可知,這些高科技機(jī)器人能實(shí)時(shí)將孩子們“送到”教室里;結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知,此處表示孩子們能夠在醫(yī)院的病床上或家里操作這些機(jī)器人。operate意

32、為“操作”,符合語(yǔ)境。build意為“建立”;steal意為“偷竊”;separate意為“分離”。 12.C　hospital bed意為“病床”,符合語(yǔ)境。 13.C　句意:如果這些孩子不能上學(xué),他們只需登錄自己的平板電腦或筆記本電腦即可連接到機(jī)器人。 simply意為“僅僅;簡(jiǎn)單地”,符合語(yǔ)境。hardly意為“幾乎不”;accidentally意為“偶然地”;luckily意為“幸運(yùn)地”。 14.D　根據(jù)本句中的halls可知,孩子可以操控機(jī)器人,讓它們?cè)趯W(xué)校的走廊來(lái)回行走,此處也與本段倒數(shù)第二句中的walking down the hallway吻合。 15.B　根據(jù)下一句中

33、的walking down the hallway with their friends可知,此處表示他們還可以和朋友們一起吃午飯。 16.A　句意:真正有魅力的是在課間通過(guò)機(jī)器人孩子們可以同朋友們沿著走廊散步,大家一起談?wù)撟约旱闹苣r(shí)光和最喜歡的食物以及其他的東西。talk about意為“談?wù)摗?符合語(yǔ)境。put off意為“推遲”;depend on意為“依靠;取決于”;think of意為“想出”。 17.D　句意:這是一項(xiàng)偉大的技術(shù),它能真正地給孩子們一種控制感,盡管他們的世界可能是失控的。本空與the feeling of control對(duì)應(yīng),out of control意為“

34、失控的”。 18.B　句意:萊斯利說(shuō):“每當(dāng)我?guī)椭粋€(gè)需要幫助的孩子時(shí),我仿佛能感受到格雷厄姆在微笑?！备鶕?jù)常識(shí)并結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知,此處為萊斯利的感覺(jué),故as though符合題意,意為“仿佛”。even if意為“即使”,引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句;in case意為“假如;以防萬(wàn)一”,引導(dǎo)條件或目的狀語(yǔ)從句;so that意為“為了;結(jié)果是……”,引導(dǎo)目的或結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句。 19.C　結(jié)合上文可知,萊斯利的兒子熱愛(ài)生活,樂(lè)于助人。再結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知,此處應(yīng)表示兒子格雷厄姆的愛(ài)會(huì)因?yàn)槿R斯利設(shè)立的愛(ài)心組織而繼續(xù)存在。 20.D　句意:萊斯利說(shuō):“我相信格雷厄姆的愛(ài)會(huì)在我所做的事情中繼續(xù)存在,而我也為能以他的名義做這些事而感到自豪和榮幸?！备鶕?jù)and可知,本空應(yīng)與privileged意義相近,均為萊斯利做這些事的感受。proud意為“自豪的”,符合語(yǔ)境。angry意為“憤怒的”;sad意為“悲傷的”;careful意為“仔細(xì)的”。 7