Unit 1Cultural relics.閱讀理解AThe Leaning Tower of Pisa was not leaning when it was built in 1173 and it was straight like a pole.It started to shift direction soon after construction because of the poor foundation in addition to the loose layer of subsoil(底土).At the beginning,it leaned to the southeast before the shaky foundation started to shift leaning towards the southwest.After the period of structural strengthening in the beginning of 21st century,now the Leaning Tower of Pisa leans at an angle of 3.97 degrees.In 1178,the shift in direction was observed for the first time when the construction had progressed further to the third floor.The tower was very heavy for the three-meter foundation that was built on a weak area of land.For compensating(補償) the leaning position,the builders started to construct the upper floors with one side higher than the other one.This caused the tower to lean in the other direction.This unusual structure led to the tower being actually curved.In spite of these efforts,the tower kept on leaning.The government of Italy started to plan a prevention of the complete collapse of the tower in 1964.However,a request was put forward by the authorities to keep the leaning position because of the tourism industry of the region.After nearly two decades of careful planning by engineers,historians and mathematicians,the stabilization efforts for the Leaning Tower of Pisa started in 1990.The tower was closed for the general public and the people living nearby moved away.For reducing the total weight of the tower,its seven bells which represented the seven musical notes were removed.The tower was reopened for the general public on December 15,2001.In May 2008,after removing another 70 metric tons of earth,the engineers announced that the tower had been finally stabilized and it would remain stable for at least 200 years.1.Why did the Leaning Tower of Pisa begin to lean?A.It was too high like a pole. B.Its foundation was far from strong.C.The work of repair was delayed.D.Its foundation shook badly.2.When did people notice the Leaning Tower of Pisa shift its direction?A.As soon as it was constructed.B.At the end of the construction.C.Soon after the construction. D.In the course of the construction.3.Why did the authorities prefer to keep the leaning position of the Leaning Tower of Pisa?A.They wanted to attract more tourists.B.They lacked funds then.C.It was an impossible mission to make the Tower up-straight.D.They were short of engineers,historians and mathematicians.4.Which of the following is the right order according to this passage?a.People noticed the tower began to shift its direction.b.The repair work was carried out last time.c.The Leaning Tower of Pisa was repaired for the first time.d.The Leaning Tower of Pisa was built.e.The tower was opened to the visitors again.f.The government started to make a plan for the tower.A.c,d,a,f,b,eB.f,e,a,d,c,bC.d,e,b,f,c,aD.d,a,f,c,e,b語篇解讀:本文是記敘文。主要介紹了比薩斜塔傾斜的原因以及目前的狀況。答案及剖析:1.B細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段中because of the poor foundation in addition to the loose layer of subsoil可知,塔開始傾斜的原因之一是地基不牢固,故選B項。2.D細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句In 1178,the shift in direction was observed for the first time when the construction had progressed further to the third floor.可知,人們是在建設中發(fā)現(xiàn)比薩斜塔傾斜的,故選D項。3.A細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中第二句However,a request was put forward by the authorities to keep the leaning position because of the tourism industry of the region.可知,考慮到當?shù)氐穆糜螛I(yè),也就是為了吸引更多的游客,當權(quán)者希望保持斜塔的傾斜。故選A項。4.D細節(jié)排序題。根據(jù)題目中所列舉的事實發(fā)生的時間可知,D項的順序和文章的內(nèi)容保持一致,故選D項。BThe Grand Canyons Hermit Trail Needs Your HelpFew hiking paths offer such great views as the Grand Canyons Hermit Trail.This splendid path stretches from the canyon rim to the Colorado River,with a nearly 2,000-foot drop in the first 2.5 miles.During its glorious times in the early 1900s,the impressive Hermit Trail led to a large number of campsites for tourists.Now a “shadow of its former self” due to time and natural damage,the nearly 10-mile hike is reserved only for experienced backpackers,according to the National Park Service.Its not nearly as accessible as it used to be.Thats because the Hermit Trail is in desperate need of repairs.Rockslides and wild plants have overtaken some sections of the path,leading hikers off-route where they damage other plants.Weather has washed out some areas of the trail,making it unsafe for inexperienced hikers.But things may soon turn around,and you can help:Grand Canyon Association(GCA),a non-profit association,is making a huge push to repair the Hermit Trail.The organization will use traveller donations to restore(修復)this trail to its former glory.The association is an independent fundraising group that works directly with the National Park Service to restore trails in need.Every donation made to “trail restoration” on the associations website will go toward the Hermit Trail.If youve been looking to make a difference while you travel,consider this an excellent way to do so next year.See you on the trail!5.Why is the Hermit Trail less accessible?A.Its hard to find. B.Its in bad condition.C.Its not open to visitors.D.Its now a nature reserve.6.What is the GCA going to do?A.Make more profits.B.Attract more tourists.C.Set up a new website.D.Repair the Hermit Trail.7.Whats the purpose of the text?A.To introduce a tourist attraction.B.To make an appeal for donations.C.To found a none-profit organization.D.To advocate environmental protection.語篇解讀:本文主要介紹了the Grand Canyons Hermit Trail的現(xiàn)狀,并呼吁讀者為the Grand Canyons Hermit Trail的維修捐款。答案及剖析:5.B細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段內(nèi)容可知,現(xiàn)在由于the Grand Canyons Hermit Trail年久失修,導致許多地方游客都沒法游覽,故選B項。6.D細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的The organization will use traveller donations to restore(修復)this trail to its former glory.可知,Grand Canyon Association將用捐款維修the Hermit Trail,故選D項。7.B主旨大意題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段首句中you can help和最后一段最后兩句可知,這篇文章的目的是呼吁讀者為維修the Grand Canyons Hermit Trail捐款,故選B項。.語法填空(2018德州模擬檢測題)Kids who use media in unhealthy ways may have problems 1.relationships, conduct and other emotional symptoms, lead author of a US new study warned. A study of the University of Michigan (UM)2.(release) recently on its website found that how children use the devices, rather than how much time they spend on them,3. (be) the strongest predictor of emotional or social problems connected with screen 4. (addict ). The study revealed that 5.matters most is whether screen use causes problems in other areas of life or has become 6.all-consuming activity.Some of the warning 7. (sign) include: if screen time interferes with daily activities, causes conflict for the child or in the family, or is the only activity 8.brings the child joy.Though much research 9. (exist) on adolescents and screen use, this is considered as the first tool to measure how addicted children are to screen media.It will be a 10. (value) tool for parents, clinicians and researchers. 答案及剖析:1.with/in考查介詞。此處表示在人際關(guān)系、行為和其他情感癥狀方面有問題。指“在方面”用介詞with/in。2.released考查動詞。句中主語study和動詞release是被動關(guān)系,此處是過去分詞作定語,故填released。3.is考查主謂一致。賓語從句中的主語how children use the devices是句子,謂語動詞與之一致用單數(shù),故填is。4.addiction考查名詞。此處指“屏幕上癮”,在句中作賓語,用名詞。故填addiction。5.what考查名詞性從句的引導詞。此處引導賓語從句中的主語從句,指最要緊的東西,用what引導。故填what。6.an考查冠詞。句中名詞activity是可數(shù)名詞,表泛指,all開頭是元音音素,故填an。7.signs考查名詞。sign是可數(shù)名詞,此處為“some of+名詞復數(shù)”結(jié)構(gòu),故填signs。8.that考查關(guān)系代詞。句中包含定語從句,先行詞是activity指物,由the only修飾,用關(guān)系代詞that引導,故填that。9.exists考查動詞。主語(much) research是不可數(shù)名詞,謂語動詞與之一致,用第三人稱單數(shù),故填exists。10.valuable考查形容詞。此處修飾名詞tool,用形容詞,指一種有用的工具。故填valuable。.短文改錯(2018聊城模擬檢測題)Last week, our school hold an activity about how to help some poor children to go to school and live their childhood happy.First, some old textbooks were collected and sent to those children so that the books could reused by them.Second, we made speeches in the public to appeal to more people and organization to help and care for those poor children.Beside, after the speeches, some students even donated his pocket money and clothes.They were proud of that they did.Thanks for the activity, I have made up my mind to do more to help the children in need, for giving is better than receive.答案:Last week, our school an activity about how to help some poor children to go to school and live their childhood .First, some old textbooks were collected and sent to those children so that the books could reused by them.Second, we made speeches in the public to appeal to more people and to help and care for those poor children., after the speeches, some students even donated pocket money and clothes.They were proud of they did.Thanks the activity, I have made up my mind to do more to help the children in need, for giving is better than .剖析:根據(jù)時間狀語Last week可知,本文是敘述過去發(fā)生的事,用一般過去時。故hold改為held。此處修飾動詞live用副詞,指幸福地生活,故happy改為happily。句中是情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài),結(jié)構(gòu)為:could+be+過去分詞。故reused前加be。in public “公開地,當眾”,是固定短語。故刪除public前的the。organization是可數(shù)名詞,和and前的people并列,由more修飾,用名詞復數(shù)。故organization改為 organizations。beside是介詞,指“在旁邊”, besides是副詞,“此外,而且”。此處表示“此外”,故Beside改為Besides。此處指代句中提到的some students,是復數(shù),用their指代。故his改為their。此處指他們?yōu)樗麄兯龅氖赂械阶院?指代他們所做的事,用what引導,故that改為what。thanks for “因感謝”,thanks to “由于,幸虧”,此處表示“由于,幸虧”,在句中作狀語,表原因,故for改為to。和句中的giving對比,也用動詞-ing形式,故receive改為 receiving。7