Module 2 Developing and Developed Countries (建議用時：35分鐘) .閱讀理解A(2020·江西三校聯(lián)考)The cost of living in countries like the US., Britain, Australia or France has skyrocketed(飛漲) in recent years. However, if youre willing to leave your country and explore life in other areas, there are many countries boasting an extremely cheap and low cost of living. Check out the following countries when planning your next move.EcuadorEcuador is similar to the United States in many ways, and as a result has become a popular American getaway. They even use the US. dollar for their currency. In this country, its cheaper to eat out every day than cook for yourself on a budget in the US. You can even buy a property for around $50，000 and hire someone to tend to it while youre away.MexicoAlthough the country is known for its poverty­ridden streets, there are many wealthier areas that provide every facility you might need. You can live off a mere $700 to $800 a month in Mexico, and this includes rent for a nice place, facilities, food, and any sightseeing.ArgentinaArgentina has been a popular tourist destination for many years. It has great restaurants, a rich history, and many places to explore. Not to mention, its not very expensive to live there. A decent sized home can cost around $139，000, which is relatively cheap in relation to homes in the United States.VietnamVietnam has also become a popular tourist destination in recent years. There are many million dollar luxury homes by the beach, but you can find a modest flat or small home for around $25，000 to $50，000 if you search in the right areas.【解題導語】本文介紹了四個生活成本低的宜居國家。1How much does it take at least to live in Mexico for a year?AAbout $7，000.BAbout $8，000.CAbout $8，400.DAbout $9，800.C解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句“You can live off a mere $700 to $800 a month in Mexico, and this includes rent for a nice place, facilities, food, and any sightseeing.”，并結合題干可知，在墨西哥生活一年至少花費：$700*12$8，400，故選C。2What does Argentina and Vietnam have in common?AThey both have great restaurants.BThe cost of living in them is both expensive.CThe middle­sized homes both cost around $139，000.DPeople are all fond of travelling to the two countries.D解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第一句“Argentina has been a popular tourist destination for many years.”和第五段第一句“Vietnam has also become a popular tourist destination in recent years.”可知，這兩個國家都受到旅游者的熱捧，故選D。3In which country did the purchaser probably pay extra money after he left?AEcuador.BMexico.CArgentina.DVietnam.A解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“You can even buy a property for around $50，000 and hire someone to tend to it while youre away.”可推知，在厄瓜多爾雇人看房子是要付費的，與題干吻和，故選A。B(2020·江西三校聯(lián)考)A new study has shown how computers and robots powered by artificial intelligence can read human eye movements to “read” human personalities.The eyes, they say, are the windows to the soul. And if that is true, computers and robots powered by sophisticated(復雜的) artificial intelligence algorithms(演算法) may soon have the ability to peer_into your soul. That is the result of a new study on the connection between eye movements and personality, conducted by neuroscience researchers based at the University of South Australia and published in the scientific journal Frontiers in Neuroscience.“Eye movements during an everyday task predict aspects of our personality，” wrote the researchers, led by University of South Australia neuroscientist Tobias Loetscher, whose team followed 42 study subjects around the university campus recording their eye movements, then determined their personality traits with “well­established questionnaires” for determining the personality type, according to a summary of the study published by the site Science Daily.The researchers fed the data into their AI algorithms and found that computers running the algorithms were able to record human eye movements and immediately determine a persons major personality traits, such as “neuroticism, extraversion(外向), agreeableness, conscientiousness, as well as curiosity”， the scientists wrote.“The new findings could improve the way human beings interact with their computers and other high­tech devices, even robots, allowing for more natural and realistic social interactions with machines，” Loetscher said.“People are always looking for improved, personalized services. Todays robots and computers are not socially aware so they cannot adapt to non­verbal information，” Loetscher said in a statement quoted by The Indian Express. This research provides opportunities to develop robots and computers so that they can become more natural, and better at interpreting human social signals.The study revealed previously undiscovered relations between specific personality characteristics and specific eye movement tendencies, according to a summary in Britains Daily Mail newspaper.【解題導語】本文主要介紹了一項人工智能計算機和機器人通過讀人眼球的運動從而一窺人的個性的研究。4What do the underlined words “peer into” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?AUnderstand.BStare at.CSearch for.DConcern about.A解析：詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第二段第一句“The eyes, they say, are the windows to the soul.”，并結合對第一段的整體理解可推知，此處peer into與第一段中的“read”相呼應，故選A。5How did the researchers conduct the research?AIt was carried out in a lab.B42 study subjects eye movements were recorded.CThe students daily movements were tracked.DIts subjects personalities were determined by computer.B解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)對第三段的整體理解可知，這項研究是通過追蹤42個研究對象并記錄他們的眼球運動來開展的，故選B。6According to Tobias Loetscher, what can we know?ARobots and computers are socially conscious.BPeople care less about improved, personalized services.CTodays robots and computers can accustom to non­verbal information.DThe discovery will improve the interaction between human beings and machines.D解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)對倒數(shù)第三段的整體理解可知，這項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)有助于改善人類和機器的互動，故選D。7What can be a suitable title for the text?AHuman Personality TraitsBWhat Human Eye Movements AreCTell Personalities by Eye MovementsDHow Humans and Machines InteractC解析：標題歸納題。根據(jù)第一段開篇點題，并結合對全文的整體理解可推知，本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了一項人工智能計算機和機器人通過讀人眼球的運動從而一窺人的個性的研究，故選C。.七選五(2020·沈陽教學質量監(jiān)測一)Whoever wrote the song “Its the Most Wonderful Time of the Year” must have never experienced the holiday blues. Fortunately, psychological research suggests some effective ways you can use to beat the holiday blues. The key point is that sadness and other tough emotions are not what we should try to avoid. 1._. Here are four strategies to help you make your own happiness recipe this holiday season.Dont force cheerAt family gatherings with cousins you secretly cant stand, you tend to put on a happy face. Indeed, that might even seem like the most mature responseno drama, no conflict. But a 2011 study followed dozens of bus drivers, looking to see when they gave forced or honest smiles at their passengers. The results showed when the drivers pretended to have a good mood, their actual moods got worse. 2._Let out sadnessThe results of the bus­driver study can be explained by researchers, who find that negative feelings like sadness or anger only increase when we try to control them. 3._. We dont like contradictory behavior.Respond cautiouslyRecently, scientists have been paying special attention to the benefits of caution. When you respond cautiously to an emotional trigger, you pause rather than react at once. 4._. Besides, it is associated with less anxiety, and may even carry physiological benefits.5_ Of course, the holidays will bring a mix of highs and lows, but the most important lesson to keep in mind is that this variety of emotions might be the best thing possible for your overall well­being. In other words, sadness, anger, and other difficult emotions are nothing to fear. Just make sure youre balancing them with lighter experiences. And dont forget to give yourself a break.ARelax your mindBEnjoy a mix of emotionsCWe tend to deny the important function emotions serveDInstead, they can help contribute to a healthy and happy lifeESo trying to force happiness seems to have the opposite effectsFA cautious response to a negative event reduces sadness we experienceGWe feel bad when our appearance contradicts how we truly feel inside【解題導語】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了緩解假期憂郁的四種策略。1D解析：承接上文“The key point is that sadness and other tough emotions are not what we should try to avoid.”可知，負面情緒不是我們應該試圖避免的，且與下文中的“Here are four strategies to help you make your own happiness recipe this holiday season.”銜接，并結合下文介紹的策略可推知，此處表示負面情緒反而有助于健康、快樂地生活，故選D。2E解析：結合本段小標題Dont force cheer和對本段的整體理解可推知，強顏歡笑會適得其反，故選E。3G解析：根據(jù)上文中的“negative feelings like sadness or anger only increase when we try to control them”和下文中的“We dont like contradictory behavior.”可推知，此處表示當我們的外表和內心的情感不一致時我們會感覺很糟糕，故選G。4F解析：根據(jù)本段小標題Respond cautiously以及空前一句中的“When you respond cautiously”和空后一句“Besides, it is associated with less anxiety, and may even carry physiological benefits.”可推知，F(xiàn)項符合語境，其中的“cautious response”也是提示。5B解析：根據(jù)空處所在位置可知，空處是段落小標題；根據(jù)對本段的整體理解可推知，本段主要講的是享受混合情緒，故選B。.語法填空(2020·惠州第二次調研)One habit of those people who are smarter than everyone else is to stay up late. In movies, the creative genius always works late into the midnight hours by candlelightand perhaps this style 1._(root) in fact.A study 2._ experts from the London School of Economics and Political Science found that people who tend to go to bed later have 3._(high) IQs. 4._ study authors believe the root of why this is lies in our evolutionbecause nighttime was a more dangerous time, and our ancestors who were to stay up instead of going to sleep 5._(need) to be more intelligent. Also, 6._(stay) awake into the night was a new idea 7._ was attractive to curious minds.Today, our varying living rhythms may still reflect this. “Perhaps some smart people stay up later because their internal clocks are 8._(simple) different，” Dr. Wai says. “Or, perhaps they stay up later because they tend to be alone, and like being up late at night without distractions to think and solve their 9._(problem)” But if you are a night owl, still remember 10._(get) your seven to nine hours of sleep.【解題導語】研究表明，有熬夜習慣的人有更高的智商。1is rooted解析：考查固定用法。根據(jù)語境可知，這種電影的情節(jié)可能來源于真實情況。be rooted in sth.“起源于某事物”是固定用法，且此處敘述的是一般情況，應用一般現(xiàn)在時，故填is rooted。2by解析：考查介詞。根據(jù)語境可知，此處是說一項由專家所作的研究，故填by。3higher解析：考查形容詞比較級。根據(jù)上下文及空前的“go to bed later”可知，這里是說睡覺更晚的人有更高的智商，故此處用high的比較級higher。4The解析：考查冠詞。這里特指上文提到的研究的作者們，故用定冠詞The。5needed解析：考查動詞的時態(tài)。根據(jù)語境可知，此處敘述的是發(fā)生在過去的事情，應用一般過去時，故填needed。6staying解析：考查動名詞。分析句子結構可知，此處為動名詞短語作主語。7that/which解析：考查定語從句。分析句子結構可知，空處引導定語從句，修飾先行詞a new idea，在從句中作主語，故填that/which。8simply解析：考查副詞。修飾形容詞應用副詞，故用simple的副詞形式simply修飾其后的形容詞different。9problems解析：考查名詞的單復數(shù)。根據(jù)句意“也許他們熬夜是因為他們傾向于獨處，并且喜歡深夜全神貫注地來思考和解決問題”，且problem為可數(shù)名詞可知，此處應用problem的復數(shù)形式，故填problems。10to get解析：考查非謂語動詞。remember to do sth.“記得去做某事”為固定用法，故填to get。7