第7講定語從句1.Self-driving is an area China and the rest of the world are on the same starting line.(2018·江蘇，23)A.that B.where C.which D.when答案B解析句意為：自動(dòng)駕駛是一個(gè)中國和世界上其他國家處在同一起跑線的領(lǐng)域。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，area作定語從句的先行詞，從句中缺少地點(diǎn)狀語，要用where引導(dǎo)。that和which為關(guān)系代詞，在定語從句中作主語、賓語或表語；when是關(guān)系副詞，在定語從句中作時(shí)間狀語。2.She and her family bicycle to work， helps them keep fit.(2018·北京，5)A.which B.who C.as D.that答案A解析此處應(yīng)該選A項(xiàng)，which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，指代逗號前面整個(gè)主句的內(nèi)容(她和家人騎自行車上班這件事)，which在從句中作主語。用who引導(dǎo)定語從句時(shí)，先行詞應(yīng)該指人；as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句時(shí)，常位于句首且結(jié)構(gòu)相對固定；that不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。3.Kate， sister I shared a room with when we were at college，has gone to work in Australia.(2018·天津，2)A.whom B.that C.whose D.her答案C解析句意為：凱特，在大學(xué)時(shí)我與她的姐姐同住一個(gè)房間，已經(jīng)去澳大利亞工作了。Kate與sister是所屬關(guān)系，應(yīng)用whose引導(dǎo)定語從句。4.In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme，one of purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation.(2017·江蘇，28)A.which B.its C.whose D.whom答案C解析句意為：聯(lián)合國在1963年成立了世界糧食計(jì)劃署，該組織的一個(gè)宗旨是減輕世界范圍內(nèi)的饑餓程度。本空需要關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，先行詞the World Food Programme與purposes之間為所屬關(guān)系，故用whose作purpose的定語，因此選C項(xiàng)。5.The little problems we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions.(2017·北京，31)A.that B.as C.where D.when答案A解析句意為：我們在日常生活中遇到的小問題有可能是偉大發(fā)明的靈感。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處引導(dǎo)定語從句，先行詞是the little problems，且從句中缺少賓語，故用that。as引導(dǎo)定語從句時(shí)，多用于the same.as.，such.as.等結(jié)構(gòu)中；where，when引導(dǎo)定語從句時(shí)，在從句中分別充當(dāng)?shù)攸c(diǎn)和時(shí)間狀語。6.My eldest son， work takes him all over the world，is in New York at the moment.(2017·天津，9)A.that B.whose C.his D.who答案B解析句意為：我的長子現(xiàn)在在紐約，他的工作讓他全世界到處跑。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處缺少非限制性定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞，且與其后的名詞有所屬關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用whose。7.Many young people，most were well-educated，headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.(2016·江蘇，23)A.of which B.of themC.of whom D.of those答案C解析句意為：很多年輕人前往偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)去追逐夢想，他們中的大多數(shù)人都受過良好的教育。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處為定語從句，先行詞為many young people，作介詞of的賓語，故要用whom。8.Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears，none of has been proved.(2016·浙江，11)A.whom B.whichC.what D.that答案B解析句意為：科學(xué)家們已經(jīng)提出許多關(guān)于人類為什么哭泣時(shí)流淚的理論，其中沒有一個(gè)得到證實(shí)。分析句子成分可知，逗號后是“代詞ofwhich/whom”引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句，先行詞是many theories，指物，故應(yīng)用 which。診斷報(bào)告考向?qū)?yīng)題號我的薄弱環(huán)節(jié)1關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句2,3,5,62關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句13“介詞關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語從句4,7,84非限制性定語從句2,3,4,6,7,8解題方法三法定關(guān)系詞1.先行詞還原法如果認(rèn)為是定語從句，大家可以把前面的名詞直接還原到從句中，如果此句意思通順，并且句子結(jié)構(gòu)正確，則為定語從句。2.四看法正確選擇引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系詞是學(xué)習(xí)定語從句的難點(diǎn)，大家可以在找出主句后使用“四看法”來正確解答試題：一看指人還是物；二看介詞在何處；三看句中作何用；四看是否屬特殊，這樣就能準(zhǔn)確判斷關(guān)系詞在定語從句中充當(dāng)什么成分，如作主語、賓語、表語，需選擇關(guān)系代詞who，whom，that，which；如作定語，需選擇whose，of which或of whom；如作狀語，需選擇關(guān)系副詞when，why，where。3.還原法定介詞“介詞關(guān)系詞”考查的重點(diǎn)在于“用不用介詞”和“用什么介詞”。因此在答題時(shí)考生必須注意解題思路?？忌刹捎谩跋刃性~還原法”將先行詞還原到從句中來確定正確的介詞，具體做法是：(1)把先行詞放在從句中，根據(jù)句子的意思來判斷用不用介詞和用什么介詞。(2)注意從句中動(dòng)詞、形容詞、名詞與介詞的固定搭配?？键c(diǎn)1關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句I live next door to a couple children often make a lot of noise.A.whose B.why C.where D.which答案A解析句意為：我住在一對夫婦的隔壁，他們的孩子經(jīng)常弄出很大的噪音。先行詞為couple，由句意可知children與couple之間為所屬關(guān)系，故用關(guān)系代詞whose。考點(diǎn)歸納1.who和whom指人，who在定語從句中作主語；whom在定語從句中作賓語，在限制性定語從句中可省略。在口語中可用who代替whom。2.whose指人或物，在定語從句中作定語，指物時(shí)?？捎胦f which取代。考點(diǎn)2關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句1.The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere his employees enjoy their work.A.where B.whichC.when D.who答案A解析句意為：該公司的老板正在努力營造一種輕松的氛圍，這樣他的員工就可以在這種氛圍中享受工作的樂趣。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處引導(dǎo)定語從句，先行詞為an easy atmosphere，且從句中缺少地點(diǎn)狀語，故要用where。2.We will put off the picnic in the park until next week， the weather may be better.A.that B.whereC.which D.when答案D解析句意為：我們將把去公園的野餐推遲到下周，那時(shí)天氣可能更好。分析句子成分可知定語從句中缺少時(shí)間狀語，故用when引導(dǎo)。考點(diǎn)歸納1.關(guān)系副詞when，where，why的先行詞是表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)或原因(一般為reason)的名詞，在從句中作狀語。有時(shí)可用“介詞which”結(jié)構(gòu)替換。(1)The book has helped me greatly in my daily communication，especially at work where a good impression is a must.在日常交流中這本書對我?guī)椭艽?，尤其是在需要有良好印象的工作之中?2)I didnt become a serious climber until the fifth grade，when I went up to rescue a kite that was stuck in the branches of a tree.直到五年級我才成為一個(gè)熱衷攀爬的人，在那時(shí)我登高去拿下一個(gè)卡在樹枝上的風(fēng)箏。2.當(dāng)先行詞在定語從句中作主語或賓語時(shí)，即使是表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)和原因的詞仍用which/that。3.當(dāng)先行詞為一些表示抽象地點(diǎn)的名詞，如：point，situation，case，stage等，如果引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作狀語，常用關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)定語從句；如果不作狀語，則用關(guān)系代詞that/which?？键c(diǎn)3“介詞關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語從句He wrote many children s books，nearly half of were published in the 1990s.A.whom B.whichC.them D.that答案B解析句意為：他寫了許多兒童讀物，幾乎有一半的書是在二十世紀(jì)九十年代出版的。逗號之后是一個(gè)修飾childrens books的非限制性定語從句，which指代childrens books?？键c(diǎn)歸納1.若介詞放在關(guān)系代詞之前，關(guān)系代詞指人時(shí)常用whom，指物時(shí)常用which。另外，whose也可以放在介詞后，即“介詞whose名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)。(1)I wish to thank Professor Smith，without whose help I would never have got this far.我希望感謝史密斯教授，沒有他的幫助，我永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)走這么遠(yuǎn)。(2)We are looking for the person to whom the book belongs.我們正在尋找這本書的主人。2.“介詞關(guān)系詞”結(jié)構(gòu)中介詞的選用(1)一般來說，確定關(guān)系代詞前的介詞，可以從以下三方面入手：先行詞的意義；從句中的動(dòng)詞或形容詞與先行詞的固定搭配；句子的意思。(2)表示“整體和部分關(guān)系”，介詞常用of。常見結(jié)構(gòu)：在some，any，few，little，none，all，both，neither，many，most，each等代詞或數(shù)詞的前、后可以用of which/whom。the比較級或最高級前、后用of which/whom等。(3)有時(shí)“介詞where”可以引導(dǎo)定語從句，此時(shí)要和“介詞which”引導(dǎo)的定語從句從意思上加以區(qū)別。考點(diǎn)4非限制性定語從句 The number of smokers， is reported，has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.A.it B.which C.what D.as答案D解析句意為：據(jù)報(bào)道，吸煙者的數(shù)量在一年內(nèi)下降了17%。as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，意為“正如”，符合句意，故選D項(xiàng)?？键c(diǎn)歸納關(guān)系代詞as與which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句，其先行詞都可以是整個(gè)主句，指代主句的整個(gè)意思。但as和which具有不同的詞義、句法和用法。1.as意為“正如，像”。as引導(dǎo)的定語從句可以置于句首、句中或句尾。(1)The famous magician Liu Qian，as we all know，is from Taiwan.眾所周知，著名魔術(shù)師劉謙來自臺灣。(2)As is often the case，girls like dolls while boys like guns.女孩喜歡玩具娃娃而男孩喜歡槍，這是常見的情況。2.which引導(dǎo)的定語從句在意義上近乎并列關(guān)系時(shí)，可以用and this，and that代替，常譯為“這一點(diǎn)，這件事”等。它只能位于主句的后面。(1)He changed his mind again，which(and this/that) made us all angry.他又改變了主意，這使我們大家都生氣了。(2)She tore up my photos，which (and that) upset me.她撕碎了我的照片，這使我很不安。3.as有以下常見的“固定表達(dá)”：as we all know 眾所周知；as I can remember 正如我所記得的；as often happens 正如經(jīng)常發(fā)生的那樣；as we expect 正如我們預(yù)料的那樣；as you see正如你所見；as was expected 正如預(yù)料的那樣；as can be seen 看得出來；as may be imagined 正如可以想象的那樣；as has been said above 如上所述；as we all can see 正如我們都能看到的那樣；as is often the case情況常常如此；as everybody can do正如人人都能做到的那樣。1.Finally，we didnt reach an agreement.Some agreed on the point while I was one of opposed it.(2018·南開區(qū)三模)A.those who B.thoseC.who D.that答案A解析句意為：最后，我們沒有達(dá)成一致。一些人同意這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)而我是反對者中的一員。此處考查定語從句，需要有先行詞，those，指“那些人”，定語從句缺少主語，用that或who，先行詞為those時(shí)往往使用who，故答案為those who。2.WeChat has greatly changed the way people use mobile phones.(2018·南開區(qū)三模)A./ B.whichC.why D.where答案A解析此處考查定語從句，先行詞是the way，定語從句中缺少方式狀語，用that或in which引導(dǎo)定語從句，也可以省略關(guān)系詞。3.We are to hold the sports meeting next weekend， the air quality becomes better.(2018·天津部分區(qū)縣一模)A.which B.when C.where D.while答案B解析句意為：我們將在下周末舉行運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)，屆時(shí)空氣質(zhì)量會(huì)變好。分析句子可知本句是一個(gè)非限制性定語從句，先行詞是next weekend，在定語從句中作狀語，所以用when來引導(dǎo)。which作主語或者賓語；where作地點(diǎn)狀語；while不能引導(dǎo)定語從句。4.2018 is the third year of Chinas 13th Five-Year Plan， ecological civilization is an important part.A.of which B.in whichC.for which D.on which答案A解析句意為：2018年是中國的第十三個(gè)五年計(jì)劃的第三年，生態(tài)文明是其重要組成部分。此處用of which來引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，表示所屬關(guān)系。5.Cheer up！Everyone may have periods in their lives everything seems tough.(2018·天津十二區(qū)縣二模)A.which B.that C.where D.when答案D解析定語從句when everything seems tough修飾先行詞periods，本定語從句很完整，且先行詞表示時(shí)間，所以使用關(guān)系副詞when。句意為：振作起來！每個(gè)人在人生中都會(huì)有什么都不順利的時(shí)期的。6.Is this the reason at the meeting for his carelessness in his work？(2017·河西區(qū)二模)A.he explained B.what he explainedC.how he explained D.why he explained答案A解析句意為：這就是他在會(huì)議上解釋的他工作粗心的原因嗎？先行詞reason在定語從句中作explained的賓語，故選A。本題易受思維定式的影響而錯(cuò)選D項(xiàng)。7.They will fly to Chicago， they plan to stay in for two or three days.(2017·天津十二區(qū)縣一模)A.where B.there C.which D.when答案C解析根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知， they plan to stay in for two or three days 是一個(gè)非限制性定語從句，句中stay in后面缺一個(gè)賓語，所以用which或者that代指前面的Chicago，但是非限制性定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞不能用that，故選C。8.Last month，part of the Southeast Asia was struck by floods，from effects the people are still suffering.(2017·河?xùn)|區(qū)二模)A.that B.whose C.which D.what答案B解析句意為：上個(gè)月，東南亞的部分地區(qū)遭受洪水襲擊，洪水所帶來的影響依然在折磨著那里的人們?？蘸蟮膃ffects與先行詞floods之間為從屬關(guān)系，故選whose。9.The new buyer identified a dozen new sources for the material， proved to be reliable.(2017·南開區(qū)二模)A.most of them B.most of whichC.most of whom D.most of those答案B解析句意為：新的買家確定了十幾個(gè)這種材料的新來源，其中大部分來源被證明是可靠的。先行詞為sources，指“物”且在定語從句的主語部分“名/代詞介詞關(guān)系代詞”中作介詞of的賓語，故選B。本題易錯(cuò)選A項(xiàng)，A項(xiàng)只能用于并列句中，若用在此處，需要在其前面加并列連詞and或?qū)⒍禾柛臑榉痔枴?0.There is no easy way to remember prepositions，as it is one area of English the rules seem very irregular.(2018·天津十二區(qū)縣一模)A.that B.where C.whose D.which答案B解析通過分析可知此處是一個(gè)定語從句，先行詞是one area of English，且從句中缺少地點(diǎn)狀語，因此要用where來引導(dǎo)。專題強(qiáng)化練(七).單項(xiàng)填空1.In that supermarket on sale is a new type of computer， low price makes it attractive to the students from poor families.(2018·紅橋區(qū)二模)A.whose B.that C.which D.what答案A解析句意為：那家超市出售的是一種新型電腦，它低廉的價(jià)格對貧困家庭的學(xué)生很有吸引力。本句是一個(gè)非限制性定語從句，先行詞是computer，引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作定語，意為“計(jì)算機(jī)的價(jià)格”，所以用whose來引導(dǎo)。that不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句；what不引導(dǎo)定語從句；which只能在從句中作主語或者賓語。2.Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill upon school education depends.(2018·和平區(qū)二模)A.it B.thatC.whose D.which答案D解析分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知“upon school education depends”為定語從句修飾先行詞skill，介詞upon提前且先行詞為物，先行詞在從句中作介詞upon的賓語，因此用which引導(dǎo)定語從句。A項(xiàng)中的it不能引導(dǎo)定語從句；B項(xiàng)中that不能放于介詞之后；C項(xiàng)whose作定語時(shí)，應(yīng)與先行詞構(gòu)成從屬關(guān)系，排除。3.Ill give you my friends home address， I can be reached most evenings.(2018·南開區(qū)一模)A.which B.when C.whom D.where答案D解析先行詞是home address，由于對“can be reached” 不能正確理解，可能會(huì)選錯(cuò)答案?！癐 can be reached”指的是“我能(在那里)被找到”，所以定語從句中缺少地點(diǎn)狀語，故選“where”。which不作狀語。when作時(shí)間狀語，whom指人。4.The law must be strictly observed and breaks it shall be punished.(2017·和平區(qū)二模)A.those B.those whoC.anyone D.anyone who答案D解析由breaks可知主語為單數(shù)形式，因此排除A、B兩項(xiàng)；C項(xiàng)缺少引導(dǎo)定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞；D項(xiàng)先行詞anyone指人，引導(dǎo)詞用who，符合語法，故選D。5.I can well remember that there was a time I will never forget， I stayed with my beloved granny.(2017·天津五校聯(lián)考一模)A.when B.that C.where D.why答案A解析此處為非限制性定語從句，先行詞是a time，由于該從句中缺少時(shí)間狀語，所以此處應(yīng)使用關(guān)系副詞when，故選A。6.The president stood by a window inside the room， I entered，looking over the square.(2018·河?xùn)|區(qū)一模)A.where B.into whichC.which D.that答案C解析enter為及物動(dòng)詞，先行詞the room為其賓語，不需要使用介詞，故排除B，又因空處在從句中作賓語，所以不能用where，that不引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，故此題只能使用which。7. is often the case，we have worked out the production plan.(2016·河北區(qū)三模)A.It B.Which C.What D.As答案D解析as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，指代后面的句子。as is often the case事實(shí)往往如此。8.John， money was now no problem，started a new company with his friends.(2017·和平區(qū)一模)A.for whose B.of whoseC.of whom D.for whom答案D解析句意為：約翰和朋友們一起開了一家新公司，現(xiàn)在對他來說錢不是問題。此處是“介詞關(guān)系代詞”構(gòu)成的非限制性定語從句，表示“對于來說”，用介詞for，先行詞John在從句中作for的賓語，指人，故用關(guān)系代詞whom，因此D項(xiàng)正確。9.Creating an atmosphere employees feel part of a team is a big challenge.(2018·濱海新區(qū)七校聯(lián)考)A.where B.whose C.that D.which答案A解析分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，這是一個(gè)定語從句，先行詞atmosphere在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語，故用關(guān)系副詞where。10.A good advertisement often uses words people attach positive meanings.(2018·天津一中4月考)A.that B.whichC.with which D.to which答案D解析attach.to.把附加在上面，在本句中介詞to前置。句意為：一個(gè)好的廣告通常使用的是人們認(rèn)為有積極意義的詞匯。11.Many universities share teaching resources online，creating a learning space benefits lifelong learners.(2017·天津一中5月考)A.how B.what C.which D.where 答案C解析分析句子可知這是一個(gè)定語從句，which 指代的是前邊句子的意思及“共享教學(xué)資源，創(chuàng)造學(xué)習(xí)空間”這件事，所以用關(guān)系代詞 which 引導(dǎo)。故選C。12.I want to work at home on a Tuesday but it turns out，sometimes its a Wednesday or a Thursday.(2018·天津一中3月考)A.as B.that C.when D.since答案A解析as it turns out是固定搭配，意為“最終證明，后來發(fā)現(xiàn)；結(jié)果是；實(shí)際上”，as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句，代指整個(gè)主句的內(nèi)容，意為“正如，就像”。句意為：我想周二在家工作，但實(shí)際上有時(shí)卻是周三或是周四。13.Like all parents in the world，we want you to grow up in a world is full of love and kindness.(2017·天津一中4月考)A.where B.what C.when D.that答案D解析根據(jù)句意可知空格及其后面的部分為定語從句。定語從句的先行詞為指物的 world “世界”，且定語從句中缺少主語，故使用關(guān)系代詞 that/which 引導(dǎo)定語從句。A、C選項(xiàng)都是關(guān)系副詞，在定語從句中不可作主語或賓語；B選項(xiàng)不能引導(dǎo)定語從句。故選D。14.He worked in a car factory for four years， he founded his own company in his hometown.(2016·河?xùn)|區(qū)一模)A.after which B.after whenC.after that D.after it答案A解析句意為：他在一家汽車公司工作了四年，在那以后，在家鄉(xiāng)建立了自己的公司，after which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，故選A項(xiàng)。15.I shall never forget those days I lived in the army with the soldiers， has a great effect on my life.(2016·南開區(qū)三模)A.that；which B.which；thatC.when；that D.when；which答案D解析分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，第一空后的定語從句中缺少狀語，先行詞是those days，故選關(guān)系副詞when；第二空是非限制性定語從句，which指代前面的整個(gè)句子。that不引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。.完形填空(2018·天津部分區(qū)縣二模)Mansoor Khalid is a 37-year-old taxi driver in New York City.In 2017，his son，Saad，was born with 16 heart disease.When Mr Khalid visited him in the hospital after work，he 17 bring coffee for the doctors and nurses there.These small but regular gifts always 18 them.Last April，Saad died at 18 months old. 19 Mr Khalid was very sad，he always remembered the 20 of the doctors and nurses when he gave them coffee.He decided to 21 his taxi into a “moving celebration” for his passengers.He spent 300 a month 22 the box on the back seat of his taxi full of sweets.From his 23 in the hospital with his son，Mr Khalid learned that giving to others could at least hide his feelings of 24 ，if not heal it.Slowly，his taxi has become famous and he has a 25 stream of customers.He often receives 26 for pickups from fans.But the 13,000 other taxis in New York dont want to follow his 27 .The 300 a month Mr Khalid spends on candy can be a heavy 28 for most taxis.And many drivers dont 29 him and say its foolish of him to do this.His behavior 30 anger among the other drivers and they even think what Mr Khalid does is to have more customers and he is 31 the rule of the taxi field.But Mr Khalid said he just wanted to give people 32 .“Everybody is depressed because life in New York City is not an easy one.So when New Yorkers see all the candies and chocolates，they 33 up，” Mr Khalid explained.“And their happiness makes me happy 34 .And thus I can 35 the pain of losing Saad for a moment.”16.A.ordinary B.slightC.serious D.strong答案C解析根據(jù)下文“Last April，Saad died at 18 months old.”可知，他的兒子生來患有非常嚴(yán)重的心臟病。17.A.would B.couldC.should D.might答案A解析根據(jù)下文“he always remembered the of the doctors and nurses when he gave them coffee”可知，哈利德會(huì)給醫(yī)生和護(hù)士帶來咖啡。18.A.terrified B.puzzledC.excited D.shocked答案C解析根據(jù)常識及“These small but regular gifts always them.”可知，這些小的卻定期送來的禮物讓醫(yī)生和護(hù)士倍感激動(dòng)。19.A.Because B.SinceC.If D.Though 答案D解析根據(jù)上文及“ Mr Khalid was very sad，he always remembered the of the doctors and nurses when he gave them coffee”可知，18個(gè)月大的兒子去世了，盡管哈利德很難過，但是他仍然記得給醫(yī)生和護(hù)士咖啡時(shí)他們的微笑。20.A.horror B.smileC.worry D.courage答案B解析根據(jù)上文及“he always remembered the of the doctors and nurses when he gave them coffee”可知，他仍然記得給醫(yī)生和護(hù)士咖啡時(shí)他們的微笑。21.A.move B.turnC.drive D.put答案B解析根據(jù)“He decided to his taxi into a moving celebration for his passengers.”可知，他決定把他的出租車變成一個(gè)可以讓乘客“移動(dòng)慶?！钡牡胤健urn.into.意為“把變成”。22.A.providing B.fixingC.keeping D.fastening答案C解析根據(jù)“He spent 300 a month the box on the back seat of his taxi full of sweets.”可知，他每月花300美元把放在他出租車后座上的那個(gè)箱子裝滿糖果。23.A.experience B.adventureC.expenses D.remarks答案A解析experience經(jīng)歷；adventure冒險(xiǎn)；expenses花費(fèi)；remarks評論。根據(jù)上文可知，此處指“通過陪兒子住院的經(jīng)歷”。24.A.thanks B.lossC.curiosity D.anxiety答案B解析根據(jù)文章最后兩句“And their happiness makes me happy .And thus I can the pain of losing Saad for a moment.”可知，哈利德明白了給予其他人即使不能治愈他失去兒子的痛苦，也至少可以隱藏起來它。25.A.fast B.clearC.normal D.steady答案D解析根據(jù)空前的“Slowly，his taxi has become famous”可知，慢慢地出名后，他有了穩(wěn)定的客源。26.A.answers B.rewardsC.trips D.requests答案D解析根據(jù)“He often receives for pickups from fans.”可知，他經(jīng)常收到粉絲要求搭載的要求。27.A.routine B.customC.example D.life答案C解析由上下文語境可知，紐約另外的13 000名出租車司機(jī)不想模仿他的例子。28.A.burden B.storyC.idea D.note答案A解析根據(jù)常識及語境可知，每月花300美元買糖果對于大部分司機(jī)而言是一個(gè)不小的負(fù)擔(dān)。29.A.expect B.understandC.protect D.value答案B解析根據(jù)下文“and say its foolish of him to do this”可知，很多司機(jī)其實(shí)是不理解他的。30.A.sets off B.holds backC.gives away D.carries out答案A解析set off引起；hold back抑制；give away泄露，捐贈(zèng)；carry out執(zhí)行。根據(jù)下文“they even think what Mr Khalid does is to have more customers”可知，他的做法引起了一部分司機(jī)的憤怒。31.A.breaking B.makingC.searching D.building答案A解析由上文其他司機(jī)認(rèn)為他這樣做只是為了吸引更多乘客，由此可知，其他司機(jī)認(rèn)為他違反了出租行業(yè)的規(guī)則。故答案為A。32.A.surprise B.impressionC.joy D.expression答案C解析根據(jù)下文“Everybody is depressed because life in New York City is not an easy one.”可知，他只是想給乘客一些快樂。33.A.turn B.putC.cheer D.get答案C解析根據(jù)下文“And their happiness makes me happy”可知，乘客看到這些糖果和巧克力會(huì)高興起來。34.A.in case B.in placeC.in advance D.in return 答案D解析in case以防萬一；in place在恰當(dāng)?shù)奈恢茫籭n advance提前；in return作為回報(bào)。由上下文語境可知，哈利德用糖果和巧克力使乘客高興起來，而他們的快樂也使他快樂，這在他認(rèn)為是對他的一種回報(bào)。35.A.refuse B.forgetC.recognize D.forgive 答案B解析根據(jù)“And thus I can the pain of losing Saad for a moment.”可知，這樣可以讓他暫時(shí)忘掉失去兒子的痛苦。.閱讀理解(2018·和平區(qū)三模)Improving nutrition is one of the best ways to achieve lasting progress in development.“Ensuring that a child receives enough nutrition，particularly in the critical 1,000-day window from a womans pregnancy to her childs second birthday，can be beneficial for a lifetime.A well-nourished child will perform better at school，more effectively fight off disease，and even earn more as an adult.Nutrition is central to ending preventable child death，” wrote United States Agency for International Development，or USAID Administrator，Dr Rajiv Shah in a blog recently posted.However，some 165 million children suffer from long-term undernutrition，leading to 3.1 million child deaths every year.It also leaves many of those children that do survive permanently impaired and unable to reach their full potential.A child that suffers from malnutrition tends to suffer from childhood illnesses，as well as long-term diseases such as diabetes，hypertension(高血壓) and cancer later in life.Such a child will find learning more difficult.As an adult，he or she will be less productive，will earn less money，and will contribute less to the community and to his or her country.That is why the United States has been offering food aid，agricultural development，and nutrition programming to where it is most needed，from delivering emergency food aid to helping farmers and their families grow and consume greater quantities of nutritious foods.In fact nutrition is the defining link between the Global Health and Feed the Future Presidential Initiatives.“We have nearly doubled nutrition-specific funding through our global health programs.And we have tripled agriculture funding since 2008，targeting our investments where we can deliver meaningful impact，” said Dr Shah.“Weve also been a strong supporter of the Global Agriculture and Food Security Program，which funds country priorities in agricultural development and nutrition.”In early June，Dr Shah announced that the United States Government will provide more than 1 billion for nutrition-specific interventions，as well as nearly 9 billion for nutrition-sensitive activities.These investments will help prevent stunting(生長遲緩) in some 2 million children.“In a world of plentiful，nutritious foods and advanced science，malnutrition in children is unacceptable，” said Dr Shah.“We can do better.And we can do it together.”36.In Paragraph 1，the writer emphasizes that .A.child death is preventable with good nutritionB.children can perform better at school with good careC.nutrition is very important for babies and young kidsD.early education is very important for the future of babies答案C解析段落大意題。根據(jù)第一段內(nèi)容可知，第一段作者強(qiáng)調(diào)了營養(yǎng)對嬰幼兒非常重要。37.What does the underlined word “impaired” in Paragraph 2 mean?A.Cared. B.Needed.C.Harmed. D.Supported.答案C解析詞義猜測題。根據(jù)“and unable to reach their full potential(無法發(fā)揮其最大潛力)”可推測，是使孩子們受到了傷害，所以C符合。38.We can learn from Paragraph 3 that a c