五、讀寫(xiě)任務(wù)類(lèi) 議論文典例請(qǐng)閱讀下面短文，并按照要求用英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)一篇150詞左右的文章。When we read newspapers，we often come across such English words as “AIDS” and “PK”. When we watch TV，we frequently hear words like “NBA” or “PM2.5”. When we speak，we automatically use words like “OUT” or “Bye-bye”. English words and expressions like these are getting popular.They have already become part of our daily language.And 239 English words have been included in the latest Dictionary of Contemporary Chinese.The inclusion has started a heated discussion.A group of scholars signed a letter of complaint over the inclusion of these English words，which，they think，goes against Chinese language policies.They not only worry that Chinese is borrowing an increasing number of English words but are also concerned that the inclusion may hurt the dignity of the Chinese language.However，others are in favor of the inclusion because it is hard to say whether it will threaten the Chinese language.They believe the selection is mostly a result of their function and use in daily life.寫(xiě)作內(nèi)容1.用約30個(gè)單詞寫(xiě)出上文概要；2.用約120個(gè)單詞發(fā)表你的觀點(diǎn)，內(nèi)容包括：(1)支持或反對(duì)漢語(yǔ)詞典收錄英語(yǔ)詞匯；(2)用2-3個(gè)理由或論據(jù)支撐你的觀點(diǎn)。寫(xiě)作要求1.可以支持文中任一觀點(diǎn)，但必須提供理由或論據(jù)；2.闡述觀點(diǎn)或提供論據(jù)時(shí)，不能直接引用原文語(yǔ)句；3.作文中不能出現(xiàn)真實(shí)姓名和學(xué)校名稱(chēng)；4.不必寫(xiě)標(biāo)題。評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)內(nèi)容完整，語(yǔ)言規(guī)范，語(yǔ)篇連貫，詞數(shù)適當(dāng)。滿(mǎn)分作文Today，more and more English words find their way into the Chinese language.Even the Dictionary of Contemporary Chinese includes 239 English words.Some people support it while others do not.Generally，I am in favor of the inclusion.As the number of English learners is on the rise，its not difficult for them to understand these words in Chinese contexts.Besides，it is，on some occasions，more convenient to use English words.Most people nowadays use “IT” instead of its translation “xinxi jishu”. In our global village，we can see that its not uncommon for one language to borrow words from other languages.In English，there are many words borrowed from Latin，F(xiàn)rench，or even Chinese.In fact，Chinese has never stopped taking words from other languages，say，“ganbu” or “minzhu” from Japanese.So，its safe to conclude that it is reasonable to include English which facilitates daily communication.閱卷老師點(diǎn)評(píng)本篇讀寫(xiě)任務(wù)型文體是議論文，寫(xiě)的是支持漢語(yǔ)詞典收錄英語(yǔ)詞匯的觀點(diǎn)。本文第一段先用30個(gè)詞概括出大意，第二段發(fā)表了自己支持的觀點(diǎn)，并且舉了兩個(gè)例子。第三段總結(jié)自己的觀點(diǎn)。整個(gè)文章有理有據(jù)，結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊，銜接自然順暢。1.高級(jí)詞匯和短語(yǔ)：find their way into；include；in favor of；on the rise；besides的使用讓文章煥然一新。2.句式豐富多彩while連接兩個(gè)并列句子，表示“對(duì)比”關(guān)系；as 引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句；it 作形式主語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)詞不定式；which 引導(dǎo)的限制性定語(yǔ)從句的使用，讓文章具有可讀性，顯示了作者較厚實(shí)的英語(yǔ)功底。議論文讀寫(xiě)任務(wù)型作文指的是根據(jù)閱讀材料所描述的某一事件、現(xiàn)象、觀點(diǎn)或話題發(fā)表個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)、意見(jiàn)和建議的一類(lèi)讀寫(xiě)任務(wù)，其實(shí)質(zhì)就是要求考生根據(jù)題目要求寫(xiě)議論文。英語(yǔ)議論文有其獨(dú)特的框架結(jié)構(gòu)，能讓讀者迅速捕捉作者的觀點(diǎn)和思路。一、開(kāi)門(mén)見(jiàn)山引出論點(diǎn)在文章開(kāi)頭，通過(guò)主題句鮮明提出觀點(diǎn)或引出將要論述的內(nèi)容，防止在論述的過(guò)程中跑題。常用的句式有：過(guò)渡/引出話題There is no doubt that.It can not be denied that.No one can ignore the fact that.From what is mentioned above，we know.提出觀點(diǎn)From my point of view .As far as I am concerned .I hold the view/belief that .Personally，I believe that .表達(dá)立場(chǎng)Actually，I am in favour of the idea that .In some way，I am against the thought that .二、多種形式展示論據(jù)議論文在寫(xiě)作手法上以議論為主，如通過(guò)對(duì)比觀點(diǎn)、闡述原因、列舉例子等，但有時(shí)也要運(yùn)用說(shuō)明、敘述、描寫(xiě)等手法。議論中的說(shuō)明常為議論的開(kāi)展創(chuàng)造條件或是議論的補(bǔ)充；敘述和描寫(xiě)應(yīng)是為論點(diǎn)提供依據(jù)，因此，敘述應(yīng)該是概括的，描寫(xiě)應(yīng)該是簡(jiǎn)要的。常用的句式有：總述原因There are several reasons that contribute to.My views are based on the following reasons.分層論述To begin with/First of all.Besides/Furthermore.Finally/Last but not least.On the one hand.on the other hand.For one thing.for another.列舉例子Take.for example.For example/instance.引出經(jīng)歷It reminds me of the time when.What impresses me most is that.分析因果Thanks to/Owing to/Because of.Consequently/Therefore/Thus/As a result.討論后果Just imagine what would be like if there were no.三、總結(jié)升華，重申觀點(diǎn)在文中或文末，考生可以用不同的語(yǔ)言重申主題或提出解決問(wèn)題的建議，從而使文章結(jié)構(gòu)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)、主題鮮明。常用的句式有：1To sum up/In short/In conclusion/On the whole/All in all.2Taking all the factors into account，we can draw a conclusion that.3From the discussion above，it can be safely concluded that.4Therefore，it is necessary for us to.5To be brief，we should be aware of the importance of.6Only when we./Only by.，can we.四、議論文概括的時(shí)候常用模版：1The essay/passage/author highlights the importance of encouragement for students.2The essay/passage/author argues in support of.，stating that.3The essay/passage/author outlines the harmful effects of smoking.4The article gives the view that.should/shouldnt.(主題).(補(bǔ)充論據(jù))5The passage highlights the importance of.五、議論文讀寫(xiě)任務(wù)常用句型：1表示贊成的句型：(1)I do agree with the author.(2)I cant agree with what the writer said more.(3)I share the same idea with the author.(4)I am in favor of the idea.2表示反對(duì)的句型：(1)I dont agree with the writer.(2)Im strongly against the writers idea.(3)Generally，I tend to take the “Against” side.(4)Im opposed to the authors opinion.(5)I object to the authors opinion.(2018·鎮(zhèn)江期末)With their sauces and sachets of dried meat and vegetables，instant noodles were once the bedrock of Chinas convenience food，but their sales had declined drastically in recent years.In 2013，sales of instant noodles on the Chinese mainland surpassed more than 46.2 billion packets，according to the World Instant Noodles Association.However，by 2016 sales had dropped to just 38.5 billion packets.Zhang Xin，associate professor with Department of Economics and Finance at Tongji University，says the shrinking migrant population has damaged the industry as they are one of the largest groups of instant noodle consumers.The explosive growth of Chinas high-speed railway networks turns out to be unexpected enemy of the instant noodle industry.“Trains were once an important market for instant noodles，but railway stations are ordering less and less instant noodles these days，” says Long Shuhai，an instant noodle distributor in Yunnan Province.The rise of food delivery has also played a role in the declining fortunes of the instant noodle industry.The instant noodle industry is trying to regain its lost glory through developing more flavors.It is also upgrading products to change peoples perception of instant noodles as a “l(fā)ow-end” product.寫(xiě)作內(nèi)容1用約30個(gè)單詞寫(xiě)出上文概要；2用約120個(gè)單詞就“方便面能否重現(xiàn)昔日輝煌”這一話題，闡述你的看法，并用23個(gè)理由或論據(jù)支撐你的看法。寫(xiě)作要求1寫(xiě)作過(guò)程中不能直接引用原文語(yǔ)句；2作文中不能出現(xiàn)真實(shí)姓名和學(xué)校名稱(chēng)；3不必寫(xiě)標(biāo)題。評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)內(nèi)容完整，語(yǔ)言規(guī)范，語(yǔ)篇連貫，詞數(shù)適當(dāng)。參考范文The sales of instant noodles have declined sharply，which can be attributed to several factors，the decrease in migrant population being the chief one.However，the instant noodle industry is striving to revive.Such factors can be summarized as follows.Firstly，the migrant population consuming instant noodles is becoming smaller and the consumption of instant noodles falls accordingly.Secondly，the railway networks grow rapidly，shortening peoples time on trains and making it unnecessary for them to have instant noodles.Last but not least，food delivery is springing up，which allows people to order online whatever they want in no time.From my perspective，the instant noodle industry is unlikely to be restored to its former glory.For one thing，with instant noodles considered junk food，people attach more importance to life quality and tend to choose healthier food.For another，the food delivery boom brings people much convenience and satisfies their diverse needs for diets.6