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1、 Unit 2 English around the world Ⅰ.閱讀理解 A (2017·浙江) FLORENCE,Italy — Svetlana Cojochru feels hurt.The Moldovan has lived here seven years as a caregiver to Italian kids and elderly,but in order to stay she’s had to prove her language skills by taking a test which requires her to write a postca

2、rd to an imaginary friend and answer a fictional job ad. Italy is the latest Western European country trying to control a growing immigrant(移民) population by demanding language skills in exchange for work permits,or in some cases,citizenship. Some immigrant advocates worry that as hard financial t

3、imes make it more difficult for natives to keep jobs,such measures will become a more vehicle for intolerance than integration(融合).Others say it’s only natural that newcomers learn the language of their host nation,seeing it as a condition to ensure they can contribute to society. Other European co

4、untries laid down a similar requirement for immigrants,and some terms are even tougher.The governments argue that this will help foreigners better join the society and promote understanding across cultures. Italy,which has a much weaker tradition of immigration,has witnessed a sharp increase in imm

5、igration in recent years.In 1990,immigrants numbered some 1.14 million out of Italy’s then 56.7 million people,or about 2 percent.At the start of this year,foreigners living in Italy amounted to 4.56 million of a total population of 60.6 million,or 7.5 percent,with immigrants’ children accounting fo

6、r an ever larger percentage of births in Italy. Cojochru,the Moldovan caregiver,hoped obtaining permanent residence(居住權(quán)) would help her bring her two children to Italy;they live with her sister in Moldova,where salaries are among the lowest in Europe.She was skeptical that the language requirement

7、would encourage integration. Italians always “see me as a foreigner,” an outsider,even though she’s stayed in the country for years and can speak the local language fluently,she said. 【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文報道了意大利最近采取的一項限制移民的措施,即要求移民通過一項語言考試來獲得工作條件,甚至居民身份。 1.Why does Cojochru have to take a language test? A.To

8、 continue to stay in Italy. B.To teach her children Italian. C.To find a better job in Italy. D.To better mix with the Italians. 答案A 解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“...in order to stay she’s had to prove her language skills by taking a test...” 可知她參加考試的原因是證明自己的語言技能從而能繼續(xù)留在意大利,故A項正確。 2.Some people worry that th

9、e new language requirement may 　　　.? A.reduce Italy’s population quickly B.cause conflicts among people C.lead to financial difficulties D.put pressure on schools 答案B 解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Some immigrant advocates worry that as hard financial times make it more difficult for natives to keep jobs,suc

10、h measures will become more a vehicle for intolerance than integration.”可知,糟糕的經(jīng)濟狀況已經(jīng)讓本土人很難保住工作,而這樣一項措施使得移民壓力變大,可能會導(dǎo)致排外而不是融合,故B項正確。 3.What do we know about Cojochru? A.She lives with her sister now in Italy. B.She enjoys learning the Italian language. C.She speaks Italian well enough for her job.

11、 D.She wishes to go back to her home country. 答案C 解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“...she’s stayed in the country for years and can speak the local language fluently...”可知,她能熟練地講意大利語,故C項正確。B項在文中未提到;A、D兩項和文章倒數(shù)第二段內(nèi)容矛盾。 B Grown-ups are often surprised by how well they remember something they learned as children

12、 but have never practiced ever since.A man who has not had a chance to go swimming for years can still swim as well as ever when he gets back in the water.He can get on a bicycle after many years and still ride away.He can play catch and hit a ball as well as his son.A mother who has not thought abo

13、ut the words for years can teach her daughter the poem that begins “Twinkle,twinkle,little star” or remember the story of Cinderella or Goldilocks and the Three Bears. One explanation is the law of overlearning,which can be stated as follows:Once we have learned something,additional learning trials

14、 increase the length of time we will remember it. In childhood we usually continue to practice such skills as swimming,bicycle riding,and playing baseball long after we have learned them.We continue to listen to and remind ourselves of words such as Twinkle,twinkle,little star and childhood tales s

15、uch as Cinderella and Goldilocks and the Three Bears.We not only learn but overlearn. The multiplication tables(乘法口訣表)are an exception to the general rule that we forget rather quickly the things that we learn in school,because they are another of the things we overlearn in childhood. The law of o

16、verlearning explains why cramming(突擊學習)for an examination,though it may result in a passing grade,is not a satisfactory way to learn a college course.By cramming,a student may learn the subject well enough to get by on the examination,but he is likely soon to forget almost everything he learned.A li

17、ttle overlearning,on the other hand,is really necessary for one’s future development. 【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇議論文。文章主要講述了成年人對小時候?qū)W會的東西會記憶猶新,這是之前重復(fù)學習、過度學習的結(jié)果。作者認為重復(fù)學習、過度學習有其一定的優(yōu)點。 4.What is the main idea of Paragraph 1? A.People remember well what they learned in childhood. B.Children have a better memory than

18、 grown-ups. C.Poem reading is a good way to learn words. D.Stories for children are easy to remember. 答案A 解析主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段第一句“Grown-ups are often surprised by how well they remember something they learned as children but have never practiced ever since.”可知,第一段講的是人們對小時候?qū)W會的東西記得很好,盡管從那以后再也沒有練習過。故選A項

19、。B項“孩子比成年人的記憶力好”,C項“讀詩是學單詞的好方法”和D項“兒童故事容易記住”在文中均沒有提及。 5.The author explains the law of overlearning by 　　　.? A.presenting research findings B.setting down general rules C.making a comparison D.using examples 答案D 解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二、三段可知,作者是在結(jié)合具體的例子來闡述自己的觀點。故選D項。A項“展示調(diào)查結(jié)果”,B項“制定通用規(guī)則”和C項“作比較”在文中均沒有表

20、現(xiàn)出來。 6.According to the author,being able to use multiplication tables is 　　　.? A.a result of overlearning B.a special case of cramming C.a skill to deal with math problems D.a basic step towards advanced studies 答案A 解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段中的“...because they are another of the things we overlearn in

21、childhood.”可知,能夠使用乘法口訣表是童年時期過度學習的結(jié)果。故選A項。B項“一個突擊學習的特例”,C項“一項處理數(shù)學問題的技能”和D項“一個邁向高等教育的基本步驟”在文中均沒有提及。 7.What is the author’s opinion on cramming? A.It leads to failure in college exams. B.It’s helpful only in a limited way. C.It’s possible to result in poor memory. D.It increases students’ learning

22、 interest. 答案B 解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段第二句“By cramming,a student may learn the subject well enough to get by on the examination,but he is likely soon to forget almost everything he learned.”可知,突擊學習或許會使學生把一門課程學得足以通過考試,但是他很快就會忘記幾乎全部的所學內(nèi)容,因此突擊學習的作用是有限的。故選B項。由文章最后一段第一、二句可知,突擊學習會讓學生通過考試,故A項“它導(dǎo)致大學考試不及格”錯誤,C項“它可

23、能導(dǎo)致記憶力不好”和D項“它會提高學生的學習興趣”在文中均沒有提及。 Ⅱ.七選五 (2018·浙江) Some people are so rude.Who sends an e-mail or a text message that just says “Thank you”?Who leaves a voice mail message rather than texts you?Who asks for a fact easily found on the Internet?1.　　　　? Maybe I’m the rude one for not appreciating l

24、ife’s little courtesies (禮節(jié)).But many social norms (規(guī)范) just don’t make sense to people drowning in digital communication. Take the thank-you note.Daniel Post Senning,a coauthor of Emily Post’s Etiquette,asked,“At what point does showing appreciation outweigh the cost?” 2.　　　　　 Think of how long i

25、t takes to listen to one of those messages.In texts,you don’t have to declare who you are or even say hello.E-mail,too,is slower than a text.The worst are those who leave a voice mail and then send an e-mail message to tell you they left a voice mail.? This isn’t the first time technology has chang

26、ed our manners.3.　　　　　 Alexander Graham Bell,the inventor,suggested that people say,“Ahoy!” Finally,hello won out,and the victory sped up the greeting’s use in face-to-face communications.? In the age of the smart phone,there is no reason to ask once-acceptable questions about:the weather forecast,

27、a business’s phone number,or directions to a house,a restaurant,or an office,which can be easily found on a digital map.4.　　　　　 And when you answer,they respond with a thank-you e-mail.? How to handle these differing standards?Easy:Consider your audience.Some people,especially older ones,appreciate

28、 a thank-you message.5.　　　　　 In traditional societies,the young learn from the old.But in modern societies,the old can also learn from the young.Here’s hoping that politeness never goes out of fashion but that time-wasting forms of communication do.? A.Then there is voice mail. B.Others,like me,wa

29、nt no reply. C.But people still ask these things. D.Don’t these people realize that they’re wasting your time? E.Won’t new technology bring about changes in our daily life? F.Face-to-face communication makes comprehension much easier. G.When the telephone was invented,people didn’t know how to

30、greet a caller. 答案與解析 【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文主要介紹了關(guān)于智能手機時代仍然需要禮貌的話題。 1.D　根據(jù)上一句“Who asks for a fact easily found on the Internet?”可知,這么容易在網(wǎng)絡(luò)上找到的信息,何必需要再來問別人呢?所以選D項“這些人難道沒有意識到他們在浪費你的時間嗎?” 2.A　根據(jù)“...to listen to...The worst are those who leave a voice mail and then send an e-mail message to tell you they left a v

31、oice mail.”可知,更煩人的是語音信息,故選A項。 3.G　由上文提到的“...the first time technology”和下文提到的“Alexander Graham Bell,the inventor”可知,最初電話發(fā)明的時候,人們不知道如何通過電話打招呼,故選G項。 4.C　由“...no reason to ask once-acceptable questions”和下文的“...when you answer...”可知,智能手機時代,人們還在問類似簡單的問題,所以選C項。 5.B　根據(jù)該段“...Some people...”等知,很多人,特別是老年人,希

32、望能得到感謝的信息,但還有些人并不一定需要回應(yīng),所以選B項。 Ⅲ.語篇填空 (2018·吉林長春一模) Jin Hanmiao,a first grader from China,received a reply letter from Buckingham Palace 1.　　　　　(recent) after writing to introduce the China-Britain express railway service.? The letter is based 2.　　　　　 the 19-day journey of the first China-U.K.fr

33、eight(貨運)train.3.　　　　　(see) the news of its return to Yiwu,Jin’s mother encouraged him to write about it and then send the letter to Queen Elizabeth Ⅱ.? In his letter,Jin introduced 4.　　　　　　?(he) and Yiwu,as well as his hope 5.　　　　　 the Queen would appreciate 6.(tradition) Chinese culture.He also e

34、xpressed his interest in the U.K.,after mentioning some British famous persons and places including Isaac Newton,Charles Darwin,and the British Museum.He then sent his letter to the Queen.? Jin’s mother helped translate the letter into English,and sent both the original letter and the translation t

35、o London on May 8.Two months 7.　　　　　(late),a reply from Buckingham Palace 8.　　　　　　　　　(receive).The letter talked about the living and working conditions of the Queen at 9.　　　　　 early age,and included a detailed 10.　　　　　　　　(introduce) of the Palace.? 答案與解析 【語篇導(dǎo)讀】這篇短文介紹一個中國小學生致信英國女王伊麗莎白二世,兩個月后收到白金漢宮

36、回信的事。 1.recently　考查副詞。根據(jù)語境可知,Jin Hanmiao在寫了中國—英國高速鐵路服務(wù)后,收到了一封來自白金漢宮的回信。此空在句中修飾謂語received,應(yīng)用副詞。故填recently。 2.on　考查介詞。句意:這封信是有關(guān)跋涉19天的中英貨運列車。be based on“根據(jù),以……為基礎(chǔ)”。故填on。 3.Seeing　考查動詞-ing形式。句意:在看到列車返回義烏的新聞后,金漢邈的母親鼓勵他就此寫封信寄給女王伊麗莎白二世。此處是分詞做狀語,根據(jù)邏輯主語Jin’s mother與see構(gòu)成主謂關(guān)系可知,應(yīng)用動詞-ing形式做狀語。故填Seeing。 4.h

37、imself　考查代詞。句意:在他的信中,金介紹了自己和義烏,以及他希望女王能欣賞中國傳統(tǒng)文化。此處意思為自我介紹,故填himself。 5.that　考查連詞。根據(jù)句意及句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析,設(shè)空處后面是同位語從句,可知答案為that。 6.traditional　考查形容詞。根據(jù)句意可知此處表示“傳統(tǒng)中國文化”,故填traditional。 7.later　考查副詞。根據(jù)語境可知寄出信兩個月后收到回信,故填later。 8.was received　考查被動語態(tài)。句意:兩個月后,他們收到了白金漢宮的回信。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,receive與主語a reply之間是被動關(guān)系,并且根據(jù)短文時態(tài)判斷用一般過去時,主語是單數(shù)第三人稱。故填was received。 9.an　考查冠詞。句意:信中提到了早年女王的生活和工作條件,并詳細介紹了王室的情況。at an early age是固定搭配,表示“早年間”,early讀音以元音音素開頭,前面用不定冠詞an。 10.introduction　考查名詞。此處表示對王室的詳細介紹,應(yīng)用名詞做賓語。故填introduction。 6