閱讀理解+七選五.閱讀理解A(2018·山東濱州二模)Feelingdown？Whynotvisitoneofthesefourwebsites?CThissitewascreatedin1999andgetsaboutsevenmillionvisitorspermonth.TwoofitsvideoshavebeenchosenaswinnersfortheWebbyAwards：PixarIntroParodyandWebSiteStory.Otherfunnyvideostolookoutforincludeadebateontheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofgoingtocollege.FThissitehaslotsofreallyfunnyvideos.Andasthenamesuggests，usersvoteonvideos，choosingtheoptions“funny”or“die”Ifthevideoreceivestoomany“die”votes，itssenttothesites“crypt”Butifitgetsenough“funny”votes，itgoesintotheHallofFame.Thesitewascreatedin2006bycomediansWillFerrellandAdamMcKay.Thesitesfirstvideo，TheLandlord，hashadover70millionviews.VideostowatchoutforincludeJustaTip：Taxi，withsomevaluableadviceonhowtocatchataxi，andOverAnalyzingTexts，withsometipsonhowtorespondtotextmessages.RFoundedin2005，Risasocialnewsandentertainmentwebsite.Registeredusersputfunnycontentintheformofthevideolinkortextsonthewebsite.Otherusersthenvotethesethings“up”or“down”Themostrecentandwell­likedcontentappearsatthetoponthefrontpageofthesite.TFirstappearingasasatiricalnewspaperin1988，Thashundredofvideosandarticlesonnewsandcurrentaffairs，andreceivesanaverageof7.5millionvisitorsamonth.Itsfamousforitsamusingitems，suchasMichelleObamaSeenOutsideWalkingFamilyRhinocerosorDadCantBelieveLawn.1IfyouwanttowatchvideoseverwinningtheWebbyAwards，youcanvisit.ARBCCTDF2VideosonthewebsiteFare.Awatchedover70milliontimesBvotedbytheirusersCbasedonnewspaperstoriesDcreatedbyusers3WhatdoRandThaveincommon?ATheyincludefunnyvideos.BTheyincludevaluableadvice.CTheyincludedebatesoneducation.DTheyprovidesatiricalnews.B(2018·山西康杰中學等五校聯(lián)考)Foodstoringiscommoninmembersofthecrow(烏鴉) family.Anewstudytestedthebirdsoutsidethisnaturallyoccurringbehaviour，whichmayhaveevolved(進化) specificallybecauseitgivescrowsasurvivaladvantage.Somecrowspeciesareknowntonaturallyusetoolstorecoverfood.Sotheresearcherstestedwhetherthebirdscouldstoreandrecoveratoolsotheycouldgetitattheirfoodafteragapof17hourssomethingwewouldntexpectthemtodonaturally.Buttheywereabletoinstantlyselectthetooloutofanumberofunnecessaryitems.Inanotherexperiment，theresearcherstaughtcrowstoselectatoken(禮品券) fromanumberofitemssothattheycouldthenexchangeforfood.Again，thebirdsthenshowedthattheycouldplanforthefutureusingthisnewbehaviour.Thisisdifferentfromallofthepreviousstudiesinfutureplanning，whichhavefocusedonnaturallyoccurringbehaviour.Forexample，weknowthatchimpanzees(黑猩猩) select，transportandsaveappropriatetoolsforfutureneeds.Thesestudieshaveshownthatanimalscanplanforthefuturebuttheyleftanimportantquestionopenfordebate.Areanimalsonlyabletoplantouseabilitiesthathaveevolvedtogivethemaspecificadvantage，orcantheyflexiblyandintelligentlyapplyplanningbehaviouracrossvariousactions？Mostcriticswouldsaytheformer，astheanimalsweretestedinnaturallyoccurringbehaviours.Butthenewresearchprovidesthefirstevidencethatanimalspeciescanplanforthefutureusingbehaviourthatdoesnttypicallyoccurinnature.Thissupportstheviewthatatleastsomerecognitiveabilitiesinanimalsdontevolvejustinresponsetospecificproblems.Instead，itsuggeststhatanimalscanapplythesebehavioursflexiblyacrossproblemsinasimilarwaytohumans.Weneedtoinvestigatehowflexiblebehaviourevolved.Thenwemightbeabletoseehowcrowsabilitytoplanforthefuturefitsinwiththeirbroadercognitivepowers.4WhatsthenewfindingaboutsomecrowsaccordingtoParagraph1?ATheycanstorefood.BTheycanusetoolstorecoverfood.CTheycanstoreandrecovertools.DTheycanselectandstorefood.5Whatarecrowstrainedbyscientiststodowhengivenatoken?ARejectitcasually.BExchangeitforfood.CSaveitastheirfood.DBuildanestwithit.6Whatdoscientiststhinkofthestudiesthatanimalscanplanforthefuture?ATheyarecontroversial.BTheyaredisappointing.CTheyarecontradictory.DTheyareconvincing.7Whatcanbeinferredaboutrecognitiveabilitiesinanimals?ATheydeveloponlywithage.BItisunclearhowtheyveevolvednow.CNoanimalsbutcrowsbenefitfromthem.DPlanningforthefuturehelpstheirevolution.CAyoungLosAngelesactorinneedofasecondjobtopayhisbillshascomeupwithabrilliantwaytosupplementhisincomepeoplewalking.ChuckMcCarthyoriginallyconsideredbecomingadogwalkertoearnsomeextracash，butsoonrealizedthatthejobrequiredmorethanwalkingdogsonaleash.However，walkingpeopledidntrequiremuchwhentheywereoutonwalks.ChuckrealizedtherewasmoneytobemadeifhewalkedpeoplearoundLosAngelesinstead.Itmightsoundlikeajoke，butThePeopleWalker，ashecallshimself，isveryseriousabouthisnewjob.For$7permile，heofferstowalkwithclientsaroundLA.，listeningtotheirproblemsorsimplymakingconversationsandofferingthemasenseofsecurity.At6­feet,2­inches，andsportingabulkyfigureandbushybeard，Chuckdoesntlooklikethekindofguyyoudwanttomesswith.Chucksservicesareaimedatpeoplewhoneedamotivationalboosttogowalking，thosewhodontfeelsafewalkingaloneinsomeareas，andthosewhoareafraidthatpeoplemightseethemwalkingbythemselvesandthinkthattheyhavenofriends.“IwearmyThePeopleWalkershirtuponrequestandonthefirstwalkwithanewclient，sotheycanbe100%sureitsme，”McCarthysays.However，headmitssomepeopleareabituncomfortablewiththispolicy，astheydontnecessarilywanteveryonetoknowthattheyrebeingwalked.Sofar，ChuckMcCarthyhasalreadyhadanotherfivepeoplewalkersemployed，coveringvariousareas，likedowntownLA.，Hollywood，EagleRock，orFairfax.Oncehepostedsignsaroundthecity，hisphonestartedringingandclientsbeganrollingin.Andwithallthefreepublicityhehasbeengettinginthepresslately，morerequestsarecoming.Whilehehopesthathisactingcareerwillpickupsoon，inthemeantimeChuckisveryhappywithhispeoplewalkingbusiness.Afterall，itsliterallyawalkintheparkanditpaysthebills.8Whatdoestheunderlinedword“supplement”inParagraph1mean?ASave.BIncrease.CChange.DInvest.9WhichserviceofThePeopleWalkerisntmentionedinthetext?ACheeringuptheclients.BAccompanyingtheclients.CBuyingtheclientsfood.DOfferingasenseofsecurity.10WhydopeoplepreferChucktowalkwithoutwearingtheshirt?ATokeepthewalkcomfortable.BToavoidbeingrecognized.CToattractmorenewfriends.DTokeepthemselvesalone.11WhatdoweknowaboutChuckMcCarthyfromthetext?AHehaslostconfidenceinhisactingcareer.BHehopestofindexcitementinpeoplewalking.CHehasinspiredotherpeopletobemorecreative.DHeearnsmoreasapeoplewalkerthanasanactor.七選五Everyonecomplains.Evenifyouarguethatyouarethehappiestpersonintheworldyoustillcomplainsometimes.Sometimesyoucomplain：withoutevenrealizingit，butrarelyisiteverhelpful.12Herearesometipstostopcomplainingandgiveupthenegativethoughts：13Whenyoufindyourselfthinkingorsayinganegativecommentaboutsomethingorsomeone，stopandforceyourselftosaysomethingpositiveinstead.Seekthehelpofacheerfulfriendtochangeyouwhenyoucomplainandhelpyoutoseethepositiveaspectinthesituation.Makealistofthingswearegratefulfor.Weoftencomplainaboutthethingswedonthavewithoutnoticingthosethingswealreadyhave.Begratefulforwhatwehaveinourlifebecauseweareluckysimplyforbeingourselves.14Learntoadapttothechanges.Therearemanythingswecantchange.15Alwaysfindthepositivesideofeachsituationregardlessofhoweverdifficultthesituationis.Withparentsandfriendssupport，wecansurviveanylifechanges.Allowyourselftovent(發(fā)泄) yourfeelingseveryonceinawhile.Constantlyignorednegativethoughtscouldaddup.Ifyouarereallygoingthrougharoughtime，dontbeafraidtoshareyourfeelingswithaclosefriendorfamilymembersorseeatherapist.Findwhatmakesyouhappy.16Maybeitistimetomaketheharddecisiontomoveontoanotherjoborcareer.Uncoverwhatyourbiggestcomplaintsareaboutandseeifyoucanchangethesituationtomakeyouhappy.Choosehappiness，focusonthepositivesidesandbekindalways!AChangethewayyouthink.BMakepositivepeoplefriends.CSometimesthislistcanbeeasyfullofhobbiesyouenjoy.DAreyouconstantlycomplainingaboutyourpresentjob?EThebestandonlythingwecandoistoacceptthem.FSohowcanyoumanagetoforceyourselvestoendcomplaining?GSetdownthingswearethankfulforandwellseethatwedonthaveanyreasontocomplain.答案解析.語篇解讀本文介紹了當你心情低落的時候可以訪問的四個網(wǎng)址。它們發(fā)布搞笑、有趣的視頻或文章來幫助大家緩解低落情緒。1B細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)C中的“Two of its videos have been chosen as winners for the Webby Awards：Pixar Intro Parody and Web Site Story.Other funny videos to look out for include a debate on the advantages and disadvantages of going to college.”可知，如果你想觀看獲得威比獎的視頻，你可以訪問C。故選B。2B細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)F中的“This site has lots of really funny videos.And as the name suggests，users vote on videos，choosing the options funny or die”可知，該網(wǎng)站上的視頻會有用戶投票。故選B。3A推理判斷題。根據(jù)R中“Founded in 2005，R is a social news and entertainment website.Registered users put funny content in the form of the video link or texts on the website.”和T中“First appearing as a satirical newspaper in 1988，T has hundred of videos and articles on news and current affairs，”可知，R和T的共同之處是它們都含有有趣的視頻。故選A。4C細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后兩句可知烏鴉可以存儲和找出所用的工具。故選C。5B細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句“In another experiment，the researchers taught crows to select a token(禮品券) from a number of items so that they could then exchange for food.”可知，科學家們訓練烏鴉用禮品劵來交換食物。故選B。6A推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第一句“These studies have shown that animals can plan for the futurebut they left an important question open for debate.”可知科學家們對動物可以為未來計劃的研究是有爭議的。故選A。7B推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“We need to investigate how flexible behaviour evolved.”可知，動物是怎樣進化的還不清楚。故選B。語篇解讀一位演員為了生活自創(chuàng)了一份新的工作people walking，就是陪人們散步、遛彎。他表示很喜歡這項工作，但同時也希望盡快回歸演藝生涯。8B詞義猜測題。根據(jù)文章第一段中的“A young Los Angeles actor in need of a second job to pay his bills”可知，這位演員需要第二份工作來支付他的賬單，所以他想出了一個方法來增加他的收入。故選B。9C細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第一句“Chucks services are aimed at people who need a motivational boost to go walking，those who dont feel safe walking alone in some areas，and those who are afraid that people might see them walking by themselves and think that they have no friends.”可知，people walk可以提供的幫助是使顧客精神振奮、陪伴他們、給予安全感，但沒有提及給顧客買食物。故選C。10A推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句“However，he admits some people are a bituncomfortable with this policy，as they dont necessarily want everyone to know that theyre being walked.”可知，人們認為如果他穿著The People Walker襯衫，會讓別人知道他們找了people walker，這樣使得他們不舒服，所以他們更喜歡他不穿The People Walker襯衫。故選A。11D推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句可知，Chuck做people walker可以支付他的賬單，而做藝人則不能支付得起，所以推測他做people walker應該比做藝人掙得多。故選D。.語篇解讀人人都會抱怨。即使你說你是世界上最幸福的人，你有時也會抱怨。本文提供了一些如何停止抱怨、放棄消極想法的建議。12F根據(jù)空格前“but rarely is it ever helpful.(但是抱怨很少有用)”以及后面的“Here are some tips to stop complaining and give up the negative thoughts：”可知過渡句應該是如何設法使自己停止抱怨。故選F。13A根據(jù)下文的“When you find yourself thinking or saying a negative comment about something or someone，stop and force yourself to say something positive instead.”可知，當你有消極想法時，強迫自己說積極的話語。這是一種思維的改變，故A項與此處吻合。 14G小標題指出“Make a list of things we are grateful for.(列舉出我們感激的事情)”，G項提到寫下我們感激的事情，然后我們就會明白自己沒理由抱怨了。承接上文，故選G項。15E根據(jù)空格前的“There are many things we cant change.(有很多事情我們不能改變)”可知，既然不能改變，就接受它。與E項(唯一也是最好的事情是去接受它們)吻合。16D根據(jù)空格后的“Maybe it is time to make the hard decision to move on to another job or career.(也許是時候作出艱難的決定換工作或職業(yè)了)”可知，在你總是抱怨工作時，要考慮換份工作。故選D。10