話題六 飲食與健康子話題(一)食物與食材1糧食與主食wheat n小麥flour n. 面粉，粉grain n. 谷物，谷類(lèi)dumpling n. 餃子noodle n. 面條pancake n. 薄煎餅 porridge n. 稀飯，粥hamburger n. 漢堡包sandwich n. 三明治toast n. 烤面包beancurd n. 豆腐cuisine n. 飯菜，菜肴2甜食biscuit n. 餅干chocolate n. 巧克力 cookie n. 小甜餅dessert n. 甜點(diǎn)sweet n. 甜食；甜點(diǎn)；糖果3肉食bacon n. 咸豬肉；熏豬肉beef n. 牛肉chicken n. 雞；雞肉mutton n. 羊肉 pork n. 豬肉 steak n. 牛排，肉排，魚(yú)排sausage n. 香腸，臘腸4蔬菜vegetable n. 蔬菜potato n. 土豆，馬鈴薯 tomato n. 西紅柿cabbage n. 卷心菜，洋白菜carrot n. 胡蘿卜 eggplant n. 茄子garlic n. 大蒜mushroom n. 蘑菇onion n. 洋蔥；洋蔥頭 pea n. 豌豆5水果fruit n. 水果peach n. 桃pear n. 梨grape n葡萄lemon n. 檸檬melon n. (甜)瓜pineapple n. 菠蘿strawberry n. 草莓watermelon n. 西瓜cherry n. 櫻桃6零食及其他refreshments n. 點(diǎn)心，便餐chips n. (pl.)炸土豆條(片)cream n. 奶油，乳脂butter n. 黃油，奶油cheese n. 奶酪honey n. 蜂蜜pepper n. 胡椒粉popcorn n. 爆米花salad n. 色拉(西餐中的一種菜)sauce n. 醬；調(diào)味汁vinegar n. 醋junk food 垃圾食品子話題(二)廚具、餐具與就餐1廚具與餐具cooker n. 炊具(鍋、爐灶、烤爐等)stove n. 火爐，煤爐，電爐bowl n. 碗fork n. 叉，餐叉dish n. 盤(pán)，碟plate n. 盤(pán)子，碟子spoon n. 匙，調(diào)羹 chopsticks n. 筷子teapot n. 茶壺container n. 容器2就餐cafeteria n. 自助餐廳restaurant n. 飯館，飯店dining­room n. 食堂，餐廳bakery n. 面包店menu n. 菜單recipe n. 食譜buffet n. 自助餐snack n. 小吃be/go on a diet 節(jié)食be rich/abundant in 富含be high/low in 含高/低keep a balanced diet 保持均衡的飲食unhealthy eating habit 不健康的飲食習(xí)慣子話題(三)進(jìn)食與味道1進(jìn)食taste n. 品嘗，嘗味；味道 vt.& vi. 品嘗，嘗味 swallow vt. 吞下；咽下chew vt. 咀嚼digest vt. 消化，吸收appetite n. 食欲，胃口nutrition n. 營(yíng)養(yǎng)2味道delicious adj. 美味的，可口的tasty adj. 味道好的 tasteless adj. 無(wú)滋味的bitter adj. 苦的，有苦味的salty adj. 咸的，含鹽的 sour adj. 酸的，餿的acid adj. 酸的子話題(四)疾病與病因1疾病與殘疾disease/illness/sickness n. 病，疾病AIDS n. 艾滋病cancer n. 癌stroke n. 中風(fēng)fever n. 發(fā)燒；發(fā)熱flu n. 流行性感冒depression n. 抑郁癥dizziness n. 頭暈；頭昏眼花choke n& vt. 窒息 blind adj. 瞎的deaf adj. 聾的dumb adj. 啞的lame adj. 跛的，瘸的，殘廢的disabled adj. 殘廢的，殘疾的allergic adj. 過(guò)敏的heart attack 心臟病infective disease 傳染病2病因pressure n. 壓迫，壓力stress n. 精神壓力，心理負(fù)擔(dān)poison n. 毒藥bacterium n. 細(xì)菌virus n. 病毒harmful adj. 有害的poisonous adj. 有毒的，致命的unhealthy adj. 不健康的，不衛(wèi)生的unfit adj. 不健康的be infected with 傳染上put on weight 增加體重suffer from 遭受，患上get overweight 變得肥胖break down (身體)垮掉子話題(五)傷痛與癥狀1傷痛ache vi.& n. 痛，疼痛backache n. 背痛stomachache n. 胃疼headache n. 頭疼toothache n. 牙痛injury n. 傷害，受傷處burn n. 燒傷；曬傷harm n& vt. 傷害；損傷hurt vt. 傷害，受傷；傷人感情 injure vt. 損害，傷害wound vt. 使受傷，傷害 n. 創(chuàng)傷，傷口painful adj. 疼痛的，痛苦的 bleed vi. 出血，流血have a pain in (某處)疼痛2癥狀symptom n. 癥狀sneeze vi. 打噴嚏swell vi. 腫脹serious adj. 嚴(yán)重的severe adj. 十分嚴(yán)重的abnormal adj. 反常的acute adj. (病)急性的dizzy adj. 頭暈?zāi)垦５膗nconscious adj. 昏迷的，不省人事的子話題(六)藥物與救護(hù)1藥物drug n. 藥，藥物；毒品medicine n. 藥pill n. 藥丸，藥片capsule n. (藥)膠囊herb n. 草藥tablet n. 藥片take medicine 吃藥2救護(hù)clinic n. 診所ambulance n. 救護(hù)車(chē)bandage n. 繃帶 prescription n. 處方ward n. 病房X­ray n. X射線；X光treatment n. 治療，療法examine vt. 檢查；診察rescue vt. 營(yíng)救，援救f(wàn)ree medical service 公費(fèi)醫(yī)療recover from 從中恢復(fù)cure sb. of . 治愈某人be under medical treatment 在治療中relieve the pain 減輕痛苦send for a doctor 派人請(qǐng)醫(yī)生take ones temperature 量某人的體溫take ones blood pressure 量某人的血壓operate on/perform an operation on sb. 給某人動(dòng)手術(shù)1. In my opinion, we should try to develop healthy eating habits to build up a strong body.在我看來(lái)，我們應(yīng)當(dāng)努力養(yǎng)成健康的飲食習(xí)慣來(lái)增強(qiáng)我們的體質(zhì)。2The doctor advised that we should have a balanced diet and get into the good habit of getting up early. 醫(yī)生建議我們要均衡飲食并養(yǎng)成早起的習(xí)慣。3We must admit the fact that eating junk food is harmful to our health.我們必須承認(rèn)吃垃圾食品有害健康。4The majority of people take in too much fat and not enough fibre, which does great harm to their health.大多數(shù)人攝入的脂肪太多，而纖維不足，這對(duì)他們的健康很有害。5A healthy diet consists of eating a variety of foods rich in vitamins, fibre and mineral, and low in fat and calories.健康飲食包括飲食多樣化，吃富含維生素、纖維和礦物質(zhì)而脂肪和卡路里含量低的食物。6People are beginning to attach much more importance to their health these days than ever before.如今人們開(kāi)始比以往更重視他們的健康。7With the improvement of the living standards, more and more people, especially children, are suffering from obesity.隨著生活水平的提高，越來(lái)越多的人，尤其是孩子，正在飽受肥胖之苦。8Staying up to study does harm to your health. In addition/Besides, it will affect your study the following day for lack of energy.熬夜學(xué)習(xí)對(duì)你的身體有害。此外，你還會(huì)因?yàn)榫Σ蛔愣绊懙诙斓膶W(xué)習(xí)。9A balanced diet and regular exercise can help us keep healthy both physically and mentally.均衡的飲食和有規(guī)律的鍛煉能幫助我們保持身心健康。10Wed better take part in more outdoor activities instead of sitting in front of TV sets or computers for a long time, which is bad for our health.我們最好多參加一些戶(hù)外活動(dòng)，而不要在電視、電腦前坐很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間，這對(duì)身體有害。(2016·衡水高三模擬)假如你叫李華，是一位中學(xué)生。在聽(tīng)了關(guān)于健康飲食的講座后，你想用英語(yǔ)給21st Century報(bào)社寫(xiě)一封信，反映你對(duì)當(dāng)今學(xué)生飲食的看法：1越來(lái)越多的學(xué)生喜歡吃西式快餐，結(jié)果攝入大量的糖和脂肪；2大家對(duì)中餐和西式快餐哪種更健康有不同看法；3你認(rèn)為中餐更健康，說(shuō)出你的理由。注意：詞數(shù)100左右。范文必背Dear Editor，Now, more and more students are getting fond of western fast food, and thus they take in too much sugar and fat. I dont think it good for their health.There are all kinds of foods in the world. Which one is healthier, the Chinese food or the western fast food? Different people have different opinions.In my opinion, the Chinese food is healthier. Firstly, the Chinese food contains a lot of fruits and green vegetables. It is rich in fiber and low in sugar and fat. Secondly, the Chinese food is very delicious and has many dishes, which provide us with all kinds of nutrition. I think it is the healthiest food in the world. So many Chinese people can keep fit and have white teeth.Yours sincerely, Li Hua佳句演練(1)用現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)改寫(xiě)句N(xiāo)ow, more and more students are getting fond of western fast food, thus taking_in too much sugar and fat.(2)用concern的相關(guān)短語(yǔ)改寫(xiě)句As_far_as_Im_concerned,_the Chinese food is healthier.8