課時(shí)達(dá)標(biāo)(四十) Unit 5 Meeting your ancestors建議時(shí)間/100分鐘閱讀提速練 閱讀理解A課標(biāo)話題人與社會·文學(xué)與藝術(shù)體裁說明文詞數(shù) 262難度 StrengthsFinder 2.0by Tom RathDo you have the opportunity to do what you do best every day？Chances are, you don't. All too often, our natural talents go untapped(未開發(fā)的). We devote more time to fixing our shortcomings than to developing our strengths.To help people reveal their talents, Gallup introduced the first version of its online assessment, StrengthsFinder, in the 2001 management book, which has led to a global conversation and helped millions to discover their top five talents.In its latest national bestseller, StrengthsFinder 2.0, Gallup releases the new and improved version of its popular assessment. Loaded with hundreds of strategies for applying your strengths, this new book will change the way you look at yourself and the world around you forever.Available in StrengthsFinder 2.0：*A new and upgraded edition of the StrengthsFinder assessment*A personal strengths discovery and actionplanning guide for applying your strengths in the next week, month and year*50 ideas for action (10 strategies for building on each of your top five talents)About StrengthsFinderIn 1998，the father of StrengthsBased Psychology, Donald OClifton, along with Tom Rath and a team of scientists at Gallup, created the online StrengthsFinder assessment. In 2001, they published the first edition of StrengthsFinder with the bestseller Now, Discover Your Strengths. In 2004, the assessment's name was formally changed to “Clifton StrengthsFinder” in honour of its chief designer.In 2007, Rath and scientists of Gallup released a new edition of the assessment programme and website, called “StrengthsFinder 2.0”. Rooted in more than 40 years of research, this assessment has helped millions discover and develop their natural talents.語篇導(dǎo)讀本文簡要介紹了蓋洛普優(yōu)勢識別器2.0一書的相關(guān)內(nèi)容。1According to the passage, we don't do what we do best because we usually _.Adon't know what we are good atBfocus on overcoming our weaknessesCconcentrate on developing new skillsDlack confidence in our potential talents解析B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句可知，我們之所以沒有在做自己最擅長的事，是因?yàn)槲覀儗⒏嗟臅r(shí)間花費(fèi)在克服自己的缺點(diǎn)上，故選B項(xiàng)。2Why was the assessment's name changed in 2004?ATo make it sound better.BTo make it easy to remember.CTo show respect for its chief designer.DTo attract more potential customers.解析C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)About StrengthsFinder部分的第一段最后一句可知，2004年這一評估系統(tǒng)更名是為了向其主要設(shè)計(jì)者致敬，故選C項(xiàng)。 3What's the aim of StrengthsFinder?ATo help us realise our dreams.BTo help us discover our interests.CTo help us conquer our weaknesses.DTo help us develop our natural talents.解析D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段可知，這一評估系統(tǒng)幫助人們挖掘自己的潛力；本文最后一句也提到了discover and develop their natural talents，故選D項(xiàng)。B課標(biāo)話題人與自我·個(gè)人生活體裁記敘文詞數(shù) 293難度 It's absolutely crazy to think that the same 1968 Ford Mustang GT driven in the movie Bullitt by Steve McQueen, would end up in the hands of a modest New Jersey housewife. But that's exactly what happened.After Bullitt wrapped, the hero car was sold to a studio manager in Los Angeles, who kept it briefly before selling it, coincidentally, to a police detective. The officer shipped the car to New York and kept it for about three and a half years before placing a forsale ad in the back of Road&Track magazine in 1974. His $6,000 asking price was somewhat steep, but Robert Kiernan, a New Jersey insurance manager and Mustang fan, went out to look at it. He bought it for his wife to use as a daily driver.The Kiernans had kept the car secret mainly to protect themselves from rumormongers(散布謠言者). But that didn't stop Steve McQueen from finding it in 1977. Kiernan's son said, “Dad had owned the car for three years at that point. And he got a phone call from McQueen asking about the car, how it was, and if Dad had changed anything on it. And McQueen said, I would really like to buy it if there's not too much involved with it. I'll replace it with a similar car so long as it's not a crazy amount of money. But Dad declined.”McQueen didn't receive an answer. “I think a week later, a letter to my dad arrived from McQueen. And it said, basically, I'd love to talk to you again about purchasing my car back. And Dad never reached out. And that was the end of that.”This was a wise decision. The car is now valued at $3 million to $5 million.語篇導(dǎo)讀本文講述了美國影星Steve McQueen在電影Bullitt中駕駛過的一輛1968款福特Mustang CT汽車一步步成為一名家庭主婦的座駕的過程。4Which of the following is crazy according to the author?AThe role that Mustang played in Bullitt.BThe history that Mustang covered.CThe fact that a housewife owned Mustang.DThe process that many fans bought Mustang.解析C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第一句可知，這款汽車最終落入一位家庭主婦的手中，作者認(rèn)為這絕對很瘋狂，故選C項(xiàng)。5Who might be the owner of the Ford Mustang GT in 1972?AA studio manager.BA police detective.CAn insurance manager.DA New Jersey driver.解析B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一、二句可知，這輛汽車被賣給一位警探大約3年半后，于1974年被出售。由此可知，1972年，車主是那位警探，故選B項(xiàng)。6What is Steve McQueen concerned about most according to Paragraph 3?AThe secret of the car.BThe changes of the car.CThe price of the car.DThe history of the car.解析C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中McQueen所說的話可知，McQueen想購回這輛車時(shí)最關(guān)注的是車價(jià)，故選C項(xiàng)。7What is the end of the car?AMcQueen bought it.BKiernan refused the offer.CIt was put in a forsale ad.DIt was sold at a price.解析B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的And Dad never reached out. And that was the end of that可知，Kiernan拒絕了McQueen的購車請求，故選B項(xiàng)。C課標(biāo)話題人與社會·科學(xué)研究體裁說明文詞數(shù) 318難度 The arm bones of women who lived 7,000 years ago show a surprising level of strengtheven higher than today's professional women athletes. That's according to a firstever study comparing prehistoric(史前的) bones to those of living people. The finding suggests a revision of historythe everyday lives of prehistoric women were filled with hard labor, rather than just sitting at home doing lighter tasks while the men struggled and fought for life.“Before the study, there are no clear records describing how our ancient ancestors lived. It can be easy to forget that bone is a living tissue, one that responds to the difficulties we put our bodies through，” said lead author Alison Macintosh. “Physical force and muscle activity both put pressure on the bone. The bone reacts by changing in shape, thickness and other aspects over time.”Previous studies only compared female bones to contemporary male bones, the researchers saidand that's a problem, because the response of male bones to stress and change is much bigger than that of women. For instance, as humans moved from a huntergatherer lifestyle constantly on the move to a more settled agrarian(農(nóng)耕的) one, changes can be observed in the structure of the shinbone(脛骨)and these changes were much more evident in men.However, a comparison of the bones of prehistoric women to the bones of living female athletes can help us work out a more accurate picture of what those prehistoric women were doing. “By analyzing the bones of living people and comparing them to the ancient bones, we can start to explain the kinds of labor our ancestors were reforming，” Macintosh said. What they found was that women's leg strength hasn't changed a great deal, but their arms used to be very powerful. Prehistoric women, the researchers found, had arm strength 1116 percent stronger than that of modern women rowers(槳手), and 30 percent stronger than that of nonathlete women.語篇導(dǎo)讀本文介紹了研究者通過對比史前時(shí)期和當(dāng)今女性的骨頭得出的新發(fā)現(xiàn)。8What does the study tell about prehistoric women?AThey were stronger than men.BThey had lighter bones than men.CThey did tough tasks as the men did.DThey spent most time staying at home.解析C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句可知，史前女性的日常生活充滿了繁重的勞動，即她們和男性一樣干重活，故選C項(xiàng)。9What problem did previous studies on prehistoric bones have?AThey lacked enough comparison.BThey only studied men's bones.CThey focused little on bones.DThey ignored the lifestyles.解析A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第一句可知，以前的研究只把史前女性的骨頭與現(xiàn)代男性的相比較，而沒有與現(xiàn)代女性的骨頭相比較，即缺少足夠的比較，故選A項(xiàng)。10What does the underlined word “that” in Paragraph 3 refer to?ABones' structure.BBones' thickness.CBones' response to stress and change.DBones' stress from hard labor.解析C代詞指代題。根據(jù)畫線詞所在句的句意和句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，that指代的是前面提及的骨頭對壓力和變化的反應(yīng)，故選C項(xiàng)。11What can we learn from the last paragraph?AIt's still hard to explain our ancestors' lifestyle.BPrehistoric women went through much suffering.CWomen's arms have become much stronger over time.DPrehistoric women are stronger than contemporary females.解析D推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段尤其是該段最后兩句可知，研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，史前女性手臂的力量比現(xiàn)代女性強(qiáng)，即史前女性更強(qiáng)壯，故選D項(xiàng)。D課標(biāo)話題人與社會·科技發(fā)展與信息技術(shù)創(chuàng)新體裁說明文詞數(shù) 332難度 The right paint can add appeal to your wallsand now it can also make them smarter. Researchers recently transformed a wall into an outsize trackpad and motion sensor by using lowcost conductive paint to create a large grid of electrodes(電極)Such a smart wall can sense human touch and track gestures from a short distance. It can also detect where electrical equipment is and whether it is switched on. The technology could someday turn on lights when a person enters a room, track a player's motion in an interactive video game or monitor a child's television use. “Walls are everywhere, so why not turn them into sensors for smart homes？” says Yang Zhang, a computer science doctoral student at Carnegie Mellon University, who helped to develop the concept.To create the hightech surface, Zhang and his colleagues applied painter's tape in a lattice(格子結(jié)構(gòu)) pattern to a twelvebyeightfoot wall, and then coated it with commercially available conductive paint. Removing the tape left a pattern of diamondshaped electrodes, which the researchers connected using thin copper tape strips. Finally, they wired the strips to a custombuilt circuit board and covered the wall with standard latex(膠乳) paint. The entire project took four hours and cost less than $200. In theory, Zhang says, “Anyone can use the technique to make a wall smart.”In the wall's appliancedetection mode, the power is turned off. The researchers detected iPads up to 6.5 feet away from the wall; fans and floor lamps could be sensed from about 10 feet. Zhang and his colleagues presented the wall in April at the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems.“Engineers have long dreamed of technologies that blend into our surroundings，” says Christian Holz, a research scientist at Microsoft Research in Redmond, who did not participate in the work. “It nicely questions our understanding of what a device might be and demonstrates how rich sensing technology can combine with everyday objects.”語篇導(dǎo)讀本文介紹了智能墻壁的發(fā)明、安裝、用途等。12What can a smart wall do now according to the passage?ADetect people's locations.BTurn on lights automatically.CMonitor a person's television use.DTrack humans' movements at close range.解析D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句可知，智能墻壁可以近距離感應(yīng)人們的活動，故選D項(xiàng)。13What can we learn about the smart wall?AIt is easy to build.BIt is cheap but timeconsuming.CIt benefits people in many ways.DIt adds appeal to the buildings.解析C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第一、二句可推知，該發(fā)明給人們的生活帶來了許多好處，故選C項(xiàng)。14What materials are required to create the hightech surface?AA lattice pattern and conductive paint.BPainter's tape and standard latex paint.CA custombuilt circuit board and iPads.DDiamondshaped electrodes and copper tape strips.解析B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的描述可知，painter's tape和standard latex paint是在制作過程中使用的部分材料，故選B項(xiàng)。15What is Christian Holz's attitude towards this new invention?APositive.BNegative.CNeutral.DUnknown.解析A觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)最后一段可知，Christian Holz認(rèn)為智能墻壁的發(fā)明讓我們對裝置的概念有了不一樣的理解，還說明了感應(yīng)技術(shù)可以多方面地運(yùn)用到日常事物中。由此可推知，他對該發(fā)明持積極的態(tài)度，故選A項(xiàng)。 七選五課標(biāo)話題人與社會·歷史與文化體裁說明文詞數(shù) 237難度 Children's Games in Ancient ChinaUnlike the children nowadays, the children during ancient times didn't have smart phones, iPads or computers to entertain themselves. _1_. Let's take a look.Kicking stone ballsDuring the Qing Dynasty, kicking a stone ball around was a popular sport in the northern part of China, and it was often played in the winter to keep warm. Stones were carved into small balls and kicked along with feet.Flying kitesKites have quite a long history. The earliest kites were made of wood, instead of paper. Nowadays, the three most famous kites are the Beijing kite, Tianjin kite and Weifang kite. _2_. For example, the swallowshaped kite is a wellknown Beijing style.Playing hideandseekHideandseek is a traditional game for children, popular around the nation. Even nowadays, many children like playing it. There are two ways to play. One way is covering a child's eyes while other kids run around to tease him. _3_._4_The closest thing to watching a film or television for entertainment during ancient times was going to see a shadow play. Folk artists manipulate puppets behind the screen, narrating stories and accompanied by music.Setting off firecrackersFirecrackers have a history of more than 2,000 years. It is said that there was a beast named Nian in ancient China. _5_. After gunpowder was invented, it gradually replaced the bamboo joint cracker. Crackers are still set off during Spring Festival to symbolize auspiciousness(吉祥)AWatching shadow playsBMaking a filmCEach of them has distinctive featuresDDifferent materials are used to make the kiteEAnd to scare off the beast, people burnt bamboo joints to make them blastFMore commonly, participants hide and one child must try to find themGInstead, they came up with interesting games to play in their childhood語篇導(dǎo)讀本文主要介紹了古代中國孩子們玩的一些游戲。1解析G轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系?？涨耙痪渲v古代的孩子們沒有智能手機(jī)、平板電腦等，下文講古代孩子們的游戲。G項(xiàng)(但是，他們想出了一些有趣的游戲以供玩耍)承上啟下，故選G項(xiàng)。2解析C順承關(guān)系?？涨耙痪渲v到現(xiàn)在最有名的三種風(fēng)箏，空后一句講其中的北京風(fēng)箏的特色之一，C項(xiàng)(這三種風(fēng)箏都各具特色)與下一句銜接緊密，故選C項(xiàng)。3解析F并列關(guān)系。根據(jù)空前一句可知，空處應(yīng)講玩捉迷藏的另一種方式，選項(xiàng)中只有F項(xiàng)符合，故選F項(xiàng)。4解析A總分關(guān)系?？仗幨侵黝}句，根據(jù)下句可知，關(guān)鍵信息是shadow plays(皮影戲)，故選A項(xiàng)。5解析E順承關(guān)系。E項(xiàng)中的beast和bamboo joints分別與空處前后句的a beast和bamboo joint cracker對應(yīng)，符合語境，故選E項(xiàng)。語言知識運(yùn)用練與寫作規(guī)范練 完形填空課標(biāo)話題人與自我·家庭生活體裁記敘文詞數(shù) 263難度 (2019·江蘇前黃高中檢測)The mysterious golden box was tied with ribbon and sat upon a shelf in the dinning room.During my childhood, I would often _1_ where it had come from and why it was never _2_. Sometimes, I would climb upon a chair to get a _3_ look, but would never _4_ it for fear I would _5_ something special.Many years passed as the box continued to sit with its _6_ contents, undisturbed.The tragic _7_ of my father happened one spring day.After my father's funeral, my mother carefully _8_ the ribbon and opened the treasured box with _9_ in her eyes and a lifetime memory in her heart.On a yellow piece of paper were written these words: “My love, I will go _10_， but I will hold dear my love for you, so I leave you this box filled with kisses.Please wait till I return.”Then my mother told me this story: My parents _11_ in college when their best friends set them up on a blind date.As my parents' friendship _12_, also did their love.They planned to get _13_ after graduation, but my father had to _14_ to war.Before leaving, he prepared that golden box and tied it with the ribbon as a symbol of his everlasting _15_ for my mother.He asked that she should open the box only _16_ she knew he would not be coming home.When my father finally _17_ from the war, they married._18_, Mom kept that box unopened as a _19_ of their love and devotion during that _20_ time in their lives until the day when Dad passed away.1A.suspectBhesitateCwonderDexplain2A.tiedBopenedCfixedDwrapped3A.newBcontentedCquickDclose4A.respectBadmireCtouchDdecorate5A.spoilBdiscoverCreleaseDexpose6A.imaginableBabnormalCtypicalDmysterious7A.lossBfailureCillnessDpressure8A.fastenedBuntiedCobservedDtore9A.smilesBexcitementCtearsDanger10A.far awayBaroundCbackDout11A.metBworkedCservedDrecognized12A.endedBdisappearedCweakenedDgrew13A.connectedBmarriedCpreparedDseparated14A.pay attentionBlook forwardCgo offDsettle down15A.sympathyBmercyCsupportDlove16A.beforeBunlessCbecauseDif17A.fledBreturnedCrecoveredDheard18A.OtherwiseBThereforeCHoweverDInstead19A.reminderBwarningCconsequenceDnotice20A.spareBhardCbusyDfree語篇導(dǎo)讀作者通過家里一個(gè)神秘的金色盒子講述了父母之間堅(jiān)貞的愛情故事。1解析C根據(jù)下文中的兩個(gè)特殊疑問詞where和why，并結(jié)合上文中的The mysterious golden box可推知，作者對這個(gè)金色盒子充滿了好奇。wonder想知道，故選C項(xiàng)。2解析B根據(jù)下文中的undisturbed可推知，金色盒子從來沒有被打開(open)過，因此顯得非常神秘，故選B項(xiàng)。3解析D根據(jù)語境可知，此處指在好奇心的驅(qū)使下，作者爬上椅子想近(close)距離一探究竟，故選D項(xiàng)。4解析C結(jié)合語境以及選項(xiàng)可推知，作者當(dāng)時(shí)不敢碰(touch)那個(gè)盒子，害怕破壞什么特別的東西，與下文中的undisturbed呼應(yīng)，故選C項(xiàng)。5解析A參見上題解析。spoil破壞，符合語境，故選A項(xiàng)。6解析D根據(jù)continued和undisturbed可知，多年過去了，金色盒子依然神秘(mysterious)，沒有被動過，與上文中的The mysterious golden box呼應(yīng)，故選D項(xiàng)。7解析A根據(jù)下文中的After my father's funeral可推知，此處表示父親的去世(loss)，故選A項(xiàng)。8解析B根據(jù)上文中的The mysterious golden box was tied with ribbon，并結(jié)合opened可推知，此處指母親小心翼翼地解開(untie)金色盒子上的絲帶，故選B項(xiàng)。9解析C根據(jù)常識可知，父親離世，母親當(dāng)時(shí)心情沉痛，眼含淚水(tear)，故選C項(xiàng)。10解析A根據(jù)下文中的Please wait till I return可推知，父親說自己要遠(yuǎn)(far away)行，故選A項(xiàng)。11解析A根據(jù)下文的a blind date可知，此處表示父母是在大學(xué)時(shí)朋友為他們安排的初次見面會上認(rèn)識(meet)的，故選A項(xiàng)。12解析D根據(jù)下文中的they married可推知，隨著父母的友誼加深(grow)，他們的愛情也愈加深厚，故選D項(xiàng)。13解析B父母戀愛了，計(jì)劃畢業(yè)后就結(jié)婚(marry)，與下文中的they married呼應(yīng)，故選B項(xiàng)。14解析C當(dāng)時(shí)父親因?yàn)閼?zhàn)爭不得不離開(go off)，與下文中的Before leaving呼應(yīng)，故選C項(xiàng)。15解析D根據(jù)上文中的I will hold dear my love for you可推知，此處表示父親對母親永恒的愛(love)，故選D項(xiàng)。16解析D根據(jù)語境可知，此處表示只有母親得知父親不會再回來時(shí)，她才能打開盒子。only if只有，符合語境，故選D項(xiàng)。17解析B根據(jù)they married可推知，父親最終從戰(zhàn)場上返回(return)，故選B項(xiàng)。18解析B根據(jù)語境可知，父親回來了，因此(Therefore)母親就一直沒打開盒子，故選B項(xiàng)。19解析A根據(jù)語境可知，母親保留那個(gè)金色盒子作為對他們之間愛和忠誠的紀(jì)念和提醒(reminder)，故選A項(xiàng)。20解析B根據(jù)上文父親去參戰(zhàn)可知，那是他們生命中艱難的(hard)時(shí)期，故選B項(xiàng)。 語法填空課標(biāo)話題人與社會·非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)體裁說明文詞數(shù) 215難度 Chinese oracle bone inscriptions(甲骨文) over 3,000 years old are now being widely used as emojis by young WeChat users, thanks to a person who made them 1._(close) to people's life than before.“The ancient characters are not as cool and distant 2._ they are supposed to be，” said the 3._(create) Chen Nan. “In fact, they are cute and humorous, and they could totally serve our needs for online expression.” 4._ 46yearold professor of fine art at Tsinghua University has been working to make oracle bone inscriptions into emojis. For example, the character for “zui”， 5._ means “drunk” in English, was created 6._(look) like a stumbling figure.Chen has also combined the ancient Chinese characters with cartoon figures. A cartoon video clip 7._(feature) oracle bone inscriptions designed by him was viewed 31 million times and shared 10,000 times.Chen worked on the road of innovation 19 years ago. In 2016, the ancient typeface 8._(include) into the font library under his efforts to let the ancient words walk into people's life. Now the library has as many as 3,500 characters, 9._ Chen's research on the project still continues, as he plans to extend the library to 7,000 characters. In the future, he will apply the ancient characters 10._ education and development of games and apps.語篇導(dǎo)讀甲骨文正在被年輕的微信用戶們作為表情包廣泛使用，這得益于清華大學(xué)陳楠教授的努力。1closer解析考查比較等級。根據(jù)空后的than before可知用比較級；make后用形容詞作賓補(bǔ)，故用closer。 2as解析考查副詞。asas和一樣，為固定搭配。 3creator解析考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。這里指產(chǎn)品的創(chuàng)造者，故用表示人的名詞creator。 4.The解析考查冠詞。這里的46yearold professor即上文中的Chen Nan，表示特指，故用定冠詞the。 5which解析考查引導(dǎo)詞?？仗幰龑?dǎo)非限制性定語從句，指代先行詞the character for “zui”，且引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作主語，故用which。 6to look解析考查非謂語動詞。根據(jù)句意可知，這里應(yīng)用不定式短語作目的狀語。 7.featuring解析考查非謂語動詞。謂語為was viewed，故空處為非謂語動詞。A cartoon video clip與feature為主謂關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞作后置定語。 8.was included解析考查時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語in 2016可知，用一般過去時(shí)；the ancient typeface與include之間是動賓關(guān)系，用被動語態(tài)；主語為the ancient typeface，謂語用單數(shù)。9but/yet解析考查并列連詞。句意：現(xiàn)在，甲骨文字體庫里已有多達(dá)3 500個(gè)漢字，然而陳楠的研究仍在繼續(xù)?？仗幧舷挛臑檗D(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故填but或yet。10to解析考查介詞。applyt