Unit 4 Global warming三言兩語1It is high time for us to take measures to prevent the earth from getting warmer.2It is a shame that students leave the water running without turning off the tap after washing.3We should awaken public awareness of protecting the wildlife.1只有這樣我們才能與動物和諧相處。Only in this way can we live in harmony with the animals.2水資源已經(jīng)被污染得如此嚴(yán)重，以至于一些水不適合飲用或使用。Water resources have become so badly polluted that some of the water is unfit to drink or use.單詞拼寫應(yīng)用核心單詞1tend vi.趨向；易于；照顧2. quantity n量；數(shù)量3glance vi.看一下；掃視 n一瞥4advocate vt.擁護(hù)；提倡；主張5mild adj.溫和的；溫柔的；淡的6range n種類；范圍7widespread adj.分布廣的；普遍的8average adj.平均的9circumstance n環(huán)境；情況10. environmental adj.環(huán)境的語境運用用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1(上海卷)As a result of destroying the forests, large quantities(quantity) of desert have covered the land.2The TV show had a massive audience，ranging (range) from children to grandparents.3He glanced (glance) quickly over his shoulder to see if he was being followed.4The people who cannot quit smoking may easily be affected by his circumstances (circumstance) and surroundings.5The Qinghai­Tibet Plateau is the world's highest plateau，averaging (average) over 4，000 metres above sea level.拓展單詞1oppose vt.反對； 反抗； 與(某人)較量opposed adj.反對的； 對立的2consequence n結(jié)果； 后果； 影響consequently adv.因此； 所以3state vt.陳述； 說明 statement n聲明； 陳述； 表達(dá)4steady adj.平穩(wěn)的； 持續(xù)的； 穩(wěn)固的steadily adv.平穩(wěn)地； 持續(xù)地5exist vi.存在existence n生存； 存在 6contribute v貢獻(xiàn)； 撰稿contribution n貢獻(xiàn) 7grow v增長； 生長 growth n增長； 生長 8educate v教育educator n教育工作者； 教育家 education n教育9disagree vi.不同意；意見不合disagreement n分歧；不一致 10pollute vt.污染pollution n污染；弄臟 polluted adj.被污染的11exist vi.存在existence n生存；存在 existing adj.目前的；現(xiàn)在的12economic adj.經(jīng)濟(jì)的economical adj.節(jié)約的；經(jīng)濟(jì)的 economy n經(jīng)濟(jì)；節(jié)約語境運用用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1One of the worst consequences of smoking for a long time is that you may suffer from lung cancer.Consequently, you and your family will suffer a lot.(consequent)2It was stated that the president made a statement announcing new policies to deal with the new situation.(state)3Many people do not believe the existence of the ghosts, but many young children believe there exists all kinds of ghosts in the world.How to solve this existing problem? (exist) 4With the decline of the global economy, her family is faced with many economic aspects, one of which is whether to buy an economical stove to survive the whole winter.(economy)5The young man whose parents are both educators is well educatedHis parents received good education in a foreign country.(educate)閱讀單詞1random adj.胡亂的；任意的2subscribe vi.同意；捐贈；訂閱vt.簽署(文件)；捐助3data n資料；數(shù)據(jù)4trend n趨勢；傾向；走向5outer adj.外部的；外面的6electrical adj.電的；與電有關(guān)的7casual adj.隨便的；漫不經(jīng)心的；偶然的8motor n發(fā)動機9can n容器；罐頭10consume vt.消費； 消耗； 耗盡； 吃完11refresh vt.使恢復(fù)；使振作12renewable adj.能再生的；可更新的13.byproduct n副產(chǎn)品14drought n旱災(zāi)；干旱15individual n個人；個體adj.單獨的；個別的16presentation n顯示；演出17commitment n承諾；交托；信奉18phenomenon n現(xiàn)象1(2017·全國卷)Freddy was an average student, but not an average person.普通的2(2017·天津卷)I sent letters to everyone I knew, telling them about my project.It worked perfectly.Donations began flooding in from hundreds of people.大量涌入短語多維應(yīng)用高頻短語1go up上升；增長；升起2subscribe to同意；贊成；訂購3quantities of大量的4be opposed to反對5put up with忍受；容忍6and so on等等語境運用(填入一個適當(dāng)?shù)脑~)This morning，several classmates and I subscribed to the idea that we went to collect rubbish in the People's Park.On arrival，we found quantities of waste plastic bags on the ground.Although we were opposed to littering，some visitors ignored us.We couldn't put up with their bad behaviors.7result in導(dǎo)致8keep on繼續(xù)9come about發(fā)生；造成10on the whole大體上；基本上11on behalf of代表一方；作為的代言人語境運用(填入一個適當(dāng)?shù)脑~)We patiently persuaded them not to throw away rubbish，and they finally promised us not to keep on doing that.So，you see，so long as we do our best，bad phenomena will decrease or will not come aboutOn the whole，good actions result in good outcomes.Don't you think so？句式結(jié)構(gòu)仿寫教材原句背誦句式仿寫應(yīng)用1even if引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句Even if we start reducing the amount of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases，the climate is going to keep on warming for decades or centuries.(山東卷)他們將不惜一切代價送孩子上大學(xué)，即使這會使他們債臺高筑。They will send their kids to college whatever it takes, even if that means a huge amount of debt.2.as/so long as引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句It is OK to leave an electrical appliance on so long as you are using itif not，turn it off！只要我們不失去信心，繼續(xù)努力，我們一定能克服困難，實現(xiàn)目標(biāo)。As/So long as we don't lose heart and keep on trying，we are sure to get over difficulties，and achieve our aims.1quantity n量；數(shù)量；數(shù)目，數(shù)額a large/small quantity of 大量/少量的large quantities of 大量的；許多的in quantity 大量地put emphasis on quality rather than on quantity重視質(zhì)量而不是數(shù)量huge quantities of food大量的食物a small quantity of water少量的水基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)單句語法填空a.With more and more forests cut down, large quantities of soil are being washed (wash) away now.bWith more and more forests cut down, a large quantity of soil is being washed (wash) away now.We can offer you a better price if you can buy it in quantity.鏈接寫作詞匯升級(普通表達(dá)) Before the exam, I spent a lot of time in preparing for it.Otherwise, I wouldn't have succeeded in passing the exam.(高級表達(dá))Before the exam, I spent a large quantity of/a great deal of time in preparing for it.Otherwise, I wouldn't have succeeded in passing the exam.名師點津(1)a quantity of或quantities of后既可接可數(shù)名詞也可接不可數(shù)名詞。(2)“a quantity of名詞”作主語時，謂語動詞與名詞保持?jǐn)?shù)的一致；而“quantities of名詞”作主語時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。2oppose vt.反對；反抗；與(某人)較量(1)oppose doing 反對做某事oppose sb. doing sth.反對某人做某事(2)opposed adj.反對的；對抗的；敵對的be opposed to sth.反對某事(3)opposing adj.相反的；對立的adv.在對面prep.在對面n對立面；對立的人或物oppose the plan bitterly堅決反對這個計劃oppose changing the regulations反對改變規(guī)則基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)單句語法填空Many residents opposed the government building (build) a chemical factory near the school.a.Opposed(oppose)to the plan of raising prices, they decided not to carry it out.b. Opposing(oppose) the plan of raising prices, they decided not to carry it out.(2019·浙江卷) By giving kids a lot of praise, parents think they're building their children's confidence, when, in fact, it may be just the opposite(oppose)鏈接寫作 完成句子/句式升級 (普通表達(dá))The government postponed the new proposal because a lot of people opposed it/were opposed to it(反對它)(高級表達(dá)) With a lot of people opposed to/opposing the new proposal, the government postponed it.(with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu))3range n山脈；范圍；行列v.排列；變化；變動(1)range from.to. range between.and.在范圍內(nèi)變動(2)a range of 一系列a wide range of 大范圍的；各種各樣的(3)in/within range (of sth.) 在范圍內(nèi)out of/beyond range (of sth.) 在范圍外a range of products一系列產(chǎn)品a wide range of social，cultural and economic backgrounds不同的社會、文化和經(jīng)濟(jì)背景in the 1619 age range在16到19歲之間a mountain range山脈基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)單句語法填空(2017·北京卷)The national park has a large collection of wildlife，ranging(range) from butterflies to elephants.a.The price of the car ranges from 20，000 dollars to 30，000 dollars, which is within his range, so he decides to buy it at once.b(天津卷)The price was beyond our range, so we declined.鏈接寫作詞匯升級(普通表達(dá))In addition to these traditional activities，we have many different choices such as travelling and visiting our relatives or friends.(遼寧卷改編)(高級表達(dá))In addition to these traditional activities，we have a wide range of choices such as travelling and visiting our relatives or friends.4average adj.平均的；普通的；平常的n.平均數(shù)；平均水平v.計算出的平均數(shù)on average 平均an average of.平均有with an average of 平均為above/below average 在平均水平以上/以下spend an average of about $200 a year on books平均每年大約花200美元買書the world's average temperature世界平均溫度children of average intelligence智力一般的兒童an average cost/price 平均成本/價格an average student一個普通的學(xué)生基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)單句語法填空(浙江卷)An average of just 18.75 cm of rain fell last year，making it the driest year since California became a state in 1850.(四川卷)The common cold is a good example: women, on average, get fewer colds than men.a.The economy in this area has grown at a remarkable rate, averaging(average) almost 10 percent per annum.bThe economy in this area has grown at a remarkable rate, with an average of almost 10 percent per year.鏈接寫作根據(jù)漢語提示完成下面片段There were 90 students getting full marks in the exam, with an average of 18 students (平均有18名學(xué)生) in each class.Tom's was above average (在平均水平之上)while John's was below average (在平均水平之下)5put up with 容忍；忍受put forward 提出(意見、建議) put on 穿上；上演put off推遲；延期put away 放好(某物)；儲存put down 放下；寫下；鎮(zhèn)壓put aside 儲存?zhèn)溆?；留下供專用基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)單句語法填空(2018·浙江卷) So, my dad and I put on our new cowboy hats, got on our horses, and headed slowly towards the mountains.Every year children put aside some of their pocket money to buy New Year presents.We've had to put off our wedding until September.鏈接寫作完成句子學(xué)生們提出了許多需要馬上解決的問題。The students have put forward a lot of questions that need to be solved at once.我可以容忍房間里不整齊，但是我討厭房間里臟。I can put up with the house's being untidy, but I hate it if it's not clean.6 教材佳句It is OK to leave an electrical appliance on so long as you are using itif not，turn it off！只要你在使用電器設(shè)備，你便可以把它開著。如果不用就把它關(guān)掉！句法句式句中as long as(so long as)意為“只要”，引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句。從句中常用一般現(xiàn)在時代替一般將來時。as long as還可表示“與一樣長”。as good as 與一樣好；幾乎和一樣as far as遠(yuǎn)至；就而言as well as和一樣好；除之外；既又as soon as 一就as many/much as多達(dá)；和一樣多金句推送 (全國卷)You can write anything relevant as/so long as it's interesting and informative.只要內(nèi)容有趣且信息量大，你可以寫任何相關(guān)的內(nèi)容?；A(chǔ)練習(xí)辨析填空(as long as, as well as, as far as, as good as) (北京卷)You won't find paper cutting difficult as long as you keep practicing it.If he finds out that I am lying, I am as good as dead.(2018·江蘇卷)All special exhibitions, as well as films, lectures, guided tours，concerts，gallery talks，and family/children's programs are free with admission.(上海卷)In ancient times，people rarely travelled long distances and most farmers only travelled as far as the local market.鏈接寫作詞匯升級(普通表達(dá))In our life we may meet many failures.If we try our best, there is no need to feel regret for these failures. (湖南卷)(高級表達(dá)) In our life we may meet many failures.As long as we try our best, there is no need to feel regret for these failures.多維訓(xùn)練夯實基礎(chǔ)維度1用所給詞的正確形式填空1Most of the students interviewed last week opposed having (have) classes on Sunday.2Quantities of money have been spent (spend) in bringing up the children since they were married.3The water recreation centre provides a variety of activities, ranging (range) from swimming to diving.4Animal activists advocate that the government (should) set (set) up a special organization to protect these migrating birds.5In order to keep rivers and lakes clean and prevent water from being polluted (pollute), we must do something to protect them.維度2在空白處填入一個適當(dāng)?shù)脑~6(天津卷)He was a good student and scored above average in most subjects.7To get good jobs, they are willing to put up with many of the disadvantages of city life such as heavy traffic and pollution.8It was their encouragement and my own thinking that resulted in my slow but steady progress.9There is no doubt that the proposal he put forward at the meeting is unacceptable.10We are still wondering how it came about that the experiment ended in failure.維度3查缺補漏11We should do our work well to make contributions (contribution) to our future, our society and our nation.12. Consequently (consequent), she understood it and became interested in Chinese traditional culture.13With the housing price going (go)up, more and more people advocate the government take more strict measures to lower property prices.14On the other hand, the cost of everything from housing to education has risen steadily (steady) in recent decades.15The children wonder when and how the universe came into existence (exist)語篇練習(xí)提升能力提能一單元話題語篇練根據(jù)P2627教材課文內(nèi)容，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式It is well 1known (know) that global warming results from humans burning fossil fuels like coal, natural gas and oil to produce energy.Some byproducts of this process are called “greenhouse” gases, 2.of which the most important one is carbon dioxide.These “greenhouse” gases can keep 3.the earth warm enough for us to live on.However, when 4.quantities (quantity) of extra carbon dioxide are put into the atmosphere, the global temperature tends 5.to go (go) up.Although scientists have different opinions about the future effects of global 6warming (warm), most believe that the temperature of the earth would increase by about 5 degrees over the next 100 years, which may cause the sea level to rise, bring about floods, storms, droughts, the spread of diseases and the 7disappearance(disappear) of species.8.But Hambley says more carbon dioxide will make plants grow 9.quicker (quick); crops will produce more and that it will encourage a greater range of animals.Greenhouse gases continue to build up in the atmosphere.The climate 10.will keep (keep) on warming for decades or centuries even if we start reducing the amount of greenhouse gases.What will be the future results of global warming？We wait and see.提能二單元話題寫作練1補全要點句(加黑體部分請利用本單元所學(xué)詞匯)有一些科學(xué)家認(rèn)同全球變暖將會是一個大災(zāi)難。Some scientists subscribe to the view that global warming will be a catastrophe.持續(xù)升高的溫度可能會導(dǎo)致洪水、干旱和饑餓。The steady going up of the temperature may result in floods, drought and famines.其他科學(xué)家反對這種觀點，認(rèn)為這種變暖會很溫和，不會在環(huán)境方面導(dǎo)致嚴(yán)重的后果。Other scientists are opposed to this, saying the warming will be mild with no severe environmental consequences我認(rèn)為即使結(jié)論不是很明確，也應(yīng)該特別關(guān)注保護(hù)環(huán)境，因為這一定會有益于我們的健康。I think that even if the conclusion is not clear, we should pay special attention to protecting environment, because it is surely beneficial to our health.我們一起努力做一些能減少二氧化碳排放的事情， 這樣，全球變暖可能就會變慢。We work hard together to do something to reduce the carbon dioxide, and the global warming may slow down.2升級平淡句用條件狀語從句改寫句As long as we work hard together to do something to reduce the carbon dioxide, the global warming may slow down.3銜接成美文(注意利用適當(dāng)?shù)倪^渡銜接詞匯：however)Some scientists subscribe to the view that global warming will be a catastrophe. The steady going up of the temperature may result in floods, drought and famines. However, other scientists are opposed to this, saying the warming will be mild with no severe environmental consequences. I think that even if the conclusion is not clear, we should pay special attention to protecting environment, because it is surely beneficial to our health. As long as we work hard together to do something to reduce the carbon dioxide, the global warming may slow down.- 11 -