考點(diǎn)13 將來時(shí)高考頻度： 考向一 一般將來時(shí)1.shall用于第一人稱，常被will 所代替。will 在陳述句中用于各人稱，在征求意見時(shí)常用于第二人稱。Which paragraph shall I read first? 我先讀哪一段呢？Will you be at home at seven this evening? 今晚七點(diǎn)回家好嗎？2.be going to +不定式，表示將來。 a. 主語的意圖，即將做某事。What are you going to do tomorrow? 明天打算作什么呢？ b. 計(jì)劃或安排要發(fā)生的事。The play is going to be produced next month。這出戲下月開播。 c. 有跡象要發(fā)生的事。Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm. 看那烏云，快要下雨了。3.be +不定式表將來，按計(jì)劃或正式安排將發(fā)生的事。We are to discuss the report next Saturday. 我們下星期六討論這份報(bào)告。4.be about to +不定式，意為馬上做某事。He is about to leave for Beijing. 他馬上要去北京。 注意：be about to do 不能與tomorrow, next week 等表示明確將來時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語連用。5.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來。a. 下列動(dòng)詞come，go，arrive，leave，start，begin，return的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)可以表示將來，主要用來表示在時(shí)間上已確定或安排好的事情。The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. 火車明天上午六點(diǎn)開。When does the bus star? 汽車什么時(shí)候開？It stars in ten minutes. 十分鐘后。b. 以here，there等開始的倒裝句，表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行。Here comes the bus. = The bus is coming. 車來了。There goes the bell. = The bell is ringing. 鈴響了。c. 在時(shí)間或條件句中。When Bill comes不是will come., ask him to wait for me. 比爾來后，讓他等我。Ill write to you as soon as I arrive there. 我到了那里，就寫信給你。d. 在動(dòng)詞hope，take care that，make sure that等的賓語從句中。I hope they have a nice time next week. 我希望他們下星期玩得開心。Make sure that the windows are closed before you leave the room. 離開房間前，務(wù)必把窗戶關(guān)了。6.用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來。下列動(dòng)詞come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return等現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)可以表示將來。Im leaving tomorrow. 明天我要走了。Are you staying here till next week? 你會(huì)在這兒待到下周嗎？【易混辨析】be going to用于條件句時(shí)，be going to表將來If you are going to make a journey, youd better get ready for it as soon as possible.will用于條件句時(shí)，will表意愿Now if you will take off your clothes, we will fit the new clothes on you in front of the mirror. 如果你脫掉衣服，我們將在鏡子前為你穿上新的衣服。be to表示客觀安排或受人指示而做某事I am to play football tomorrow afternoon. (客觀安排)be going to表示主觀的打算或計(jì)劃Im going to play football tomorrow afternoon. (主觀安排)Dr. Jackson is not in his office at the moment.All right. I _ him later.A. will callB. have calledC. callD will be calling【答案】A【解析】句意：Dr.Jackson現(xiàn)在不在辦公室。好的，我待會(huì)再打給他。由later可知，表示的是將來要執(zhí)行的動(dòng)作，用一般將來時(shí)。故選A?！久麕燑c(diǎn)睛】本題根據(jù)對(duì)話形式進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)考查，句中包含的時(shí)間狀語是解答此題的突破點(diǎn)。所以要做好此類題，一定要注意題中有沒有明確的時(shí)間點(diǎn)，或者其他可以代替時(shí)間點(diǎn)的詞，所以根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語可以看出正確答案?？枷蚨?過去將來時(shí)1. 過去將來時(shí)的定義過去將來時(shí)主要用于表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)候看來即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。He said he would come here next Friday. 他說他下周五來這兒。I knew that he would help us when we were in trouble. 我知道當(dāng)我們陷入困境時(shí)他會(huì)幫助我們。2. 過去將來時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)（1） would + 動(dòng)詞原形She told us that she would try her best to catch up with other classmates this term. 她告訴我們說她將一切努力在本學(xué)期趕上其他同學(xué)。When you asked Li Lei for help, he would never refuse you. 當(dāng)你請(qǐng)李雷幫忙時(shí)，他絕不會(huì)拒絕。（2）was / were going to + 動(dòng)詞原形He told us that he was going to attend the meeting. 他告訴我說他要參加那次會(huì)議。He said that I was going to be sent to meet her at the railway station. 他說將要派我去火車站接她。（3）was / were to + 動(dòng)詞原形。The building was to be completed next month. 這座建筑該在下個(gè)月竣工。Li Lei was to arrive soon. 李雷很快就要到了。（4）was / were about to + 動(dòng)詞原形。We were about to leave there when it began to rain heavily and suddenly. 就在我們要離開時(shí)，天突然下起了大雨。He was about to have lunch when the bell rang. 就在他要吃中飯的時(shí)候，門鈴響了。（5）was / were +現(xiàn)在分詞。He was leaving the next day. 他第二天要走了。We were informed that the leaders were coming to our school soon. 我們接到通知說領(lǐng)導(dǎo)們很快要來我們學(xué)校。3. 過去將來時(shí)的用法（1）過去將來時(shí)，一般用于主句為過去時(shí)的賓語從句中。He said he would stay with us. 他說他要與我們待在一起。He said he would never go there again. 他說他絕不會(huì)再去那兒。（2）過去將來時(shí)，用于虛擬語氣中。If I were you, I would not do that. 如果我是你的話，我就不會(huì)那樣做。If he were here, he would show us how to do it. 如果他在這兒，他就會(huì)向我們展示該如何做了?！練w納拓展】was / were going to + 動(dòng)詞原形，was / were to + 動(dòng)詞原形，was / were about to + 動(dòng)詞原形等結(jié)構(gòu)都可表達(dá)當(dāng)時(shí)一種未曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的意圖或打算。The conference was going to be held the next month. 會(huì)議下個(gè)月開。We were to have our class at eight. 八點(diǎn)我們?cè)撋险n了。Albert Einstein was born in 1879. As a child, few people guessed that he _ a famous scientist whose theories would change the world.A. has beenB. had beenC. was going to beD. was【答案】C【解析】句意：愛因斯坦出生于1879年，小的時(shí)候很少人猜到他將會(huì)成為一個(gè)偉大的科學(xué)家，他的理論將會(huì)改變?nèi)澜?。根?jù)句意，應(yīng)該是表達(dá)過去將來時(shí)，所以只有C選項(xiàng)符合。該選項(xiàng)是使用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表將來。A選項(xiàng)是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)（用以表達(dá)過去的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響，往往有一些關(guān)鍵的詞比如說since或者是for加一段時(shí)間）；B選項(xiàng)是過去完成時(shí)(具備的條件是有兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞，而且其中一個(gè)動(dòng)作要在另一個(gè)動(dòng)作之前發(fā)生，那么這個(gè)之前發(fā)生的動(dòng)詞就使用過去完成時(shí))；C選項(xiàng)是過去進(jìn)行時(shí)（過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過去某一此刻正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，另外動(dòng)詞going的進(jìn)行時(shí)還可以表達(dá)將來）；D選項(xiàng)是過去時(shí)（表達(dá)過去的動(dòng)作）。結(jié)合以上的表述以及后句使用的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞would（will 的過去式，用于過去將來時(shí)），分析可知答案就是C?！久麕燑c(diǎn)睛】分析四個(gè)選項(xiàng)可以知道，該題考查的其實(shí)是不同的時(shí)態(tài)。掌握英語的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)，必須掌握好英語中的助動(dòng)詞(do, be, have)和時(shí)間狀語這兩個(gè)核心問題，如本題的1879, would change的提示。另外也要結(jié)合使用語境綜合分析選項(xiàng)，最終得出答案。題組一 基礎(chǔ)過關(guān)用will/be going to填空1. I think I _ pass the English test tomorrow.2. Try this cake. You _ like it!3. Many scientists say the climate _ change a lot in the next hundred years.4. Look at the clouds!It _ rain.5. He _ be twenty years old.6. Im tired. I think I _ go to bed.7. I _ beat you if you do that again.8. He is seriously ill. He _ die.題組二 能力提升I.單項(xiàng)填空1.A kind of newly-made shoes, if put into the market, _ large orders because the heels can switch from 4 to 9 centimeters.A. meetsB. will meetC. has metD. met2.Hi, Lily. Dont forget to watch Im a Singer at 20: 10 this Friday!What a pity! I_ in a plane to Hainan for a meeting then.A. will sitB. will be sittingC.am sittingD. sit3.Hi, Mr. Smith. Which department do you work in?I am in the Marketing Department now, but I_ in the Sales Department before long.A. workedB. will workC. have workedD. will have worked4.Did you inform Mary of the change of our plan?Oh no, I forgot. I _and tell her.A. callB.am to callC.am going to callD. will call5.No matter how advanced modern equipment is, letters_ in expressing peoples feelings.A. will never replaceB. will never be replacedC. never replaceD. have never been replaced6.The radio broadcast said that it _tomorrow.A. was not going to snowB. was not snowingC. would not snowD. was not to snow7.I _Mr. Ked the next day, but the appointment has been cancelled.A. was going to seeB. sawC. had seenD. will see8.I thought he_ that evening party, but to my surprise, he came.A. wouldnt attendB. hadnt attendedC. didnt attendD. wont attend9.She told us she_a movie with us if she was free.A. will seeB.is going to seeC. would seeD. saw10.My mother promised she_me a present unless I passed all the exams.A. had not givenB. would not giveC. will not giveD. does not giveII.語法填空More than 1,250 lit stalls(貨攤)brighten the center of Thailands capital city, 1(provide) a multicolored sight. The shelter, 2is designed for the thousands of traders and shoppers at Bangkoks night market, has become an 3(attract) itself.The market, which 4(call) Train Night Market Ratchada in English, was opened in January 2015 and has become 5popular spot for locals and tourists. Software engineer Prasad Ambati visited the market and took the landscape photographs from a nearby car park. "Those 6(color) tents and people shopping, eating at stalls and the flashing lights were great. The tents made me think of a giant painting."This is 7(primary) a market that sells yesteryear(舊時(shí)) goods, old-fashioned 8(collection) of clothes, motorbikes, and second-hand toys. There are also plenty of general market things for sale, 9cheap clothes, shoes, bags, and other fashion items. But above all its one of the best places for street food, open-air bars with live music frequently 10(perform) all over.題組三 體驗(yàn)真題1. （2019·天津卷改編）A committee of teachers _（evaluate）materials and give opinions.2.（2019·新課標(biāo)II卷改編）You can use me as a last resort(選擇), and if nobody else volunteers，then I _ （do） it.3. （2019·天津卷改編）So I carried around a book, and each night, just to be like her, I would pretend to be reading.4. （2019·江蘇卷改編）By the day of the show, more than 300 people had said they _ （attend）.5.(2015·湖南)As you go through this book, you _ that each of the millions of people who lived through World War II had a different experience.A. will findB. foundC. had foundD. have found6.(2015·陜西)At college, Barack Obama didnt know that he the first black president of the United States of America.A. was to become B. becomes C. is to become D. became 題組一 基礎(chǔ)過關(guān)用will/be going to填空1. will2. will3. will4. is going to5. will6. will7. will8. is going to題組二 能力提升I.單項(xiàng)填空1.B 【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：一種新款的鞋，一旦投入市場，將會(huì)接到大量訂單，因?yàn)檫@種鞋的鞋跟高度可以在4到9厘米之間變化。結(jié)合句意，此處表示將來的動(dòng)作。故答案選B。2.B 【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：喂， Lily。不要忘了觀看本周五晚上八點(diǎn)十分的我是歌手! 太可惜啦! 那時(shí)我正坐著飛往海南的飛機(jī)去開會(huì)呢。根據(jù)then可知此處為將來時(shí)， 聯(lián)系上句中的時(shí)間狀語可推知，這里表示在將來某個(gè)時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作， 故用將來進(jìn)行時(shí)， 故答案為B。3.B 【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：你好， Smith先生。你在哪個(gè)部門工作? 我現(xiàn)在在市場部， 但我不久就要到銷售部工作。根據(jù)before long推知此處表將來的動(dòng)作 ， 故選項(xiàng)B正確。4.D 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)語境可知，空處表示說話者臨時(shí)要做的事情，所以用"will+動(dòng)詞原形"。be going to do表示說話者已經(jīng)決定的計(jì)劃或安排要做的事，be to do表示計(jì)劃中約定的或按職責(zé)、義務(wù)和要求必須去做的事或即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，均不符合語境。5.B【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：無論現(xiàn)代的設(shè)備多么先進(jìn)，在表達(dá)人們的情感時(shí)它永遠(yuǎn)替代不了書信。此處所講屬于將來要發(fā)生的事情，故應(yīng)該用一般將來時(shí)，又因replace與letters之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故答案應(yīng)選B。6.A【解析】考查過去將來時(shí)。句意：無線電廣播說明天不會(huì)下雪。be going to do sth.可用于談天氣，表示根據(jù)某種明顯的跡象推斷將有某種天氣變化。7.A【解析】考查過去將來時(shí)。句意：我本打算第二天去看Ked先生，但是約會(huì)被取消了。was going to do sth.有"(過去)本打算做某事"之意，言外之意是這個(gè)打算沒有實(shí)現(xiàn)。8.A【解析】考查過去將來時(shí)。句意：我以為他不會(huì)參加那個(gè)晚會(huì)，但是令我驚訝的是，他來了。由句中另外兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞用的是一般過去時(shí)可知，從句應(yīng)用過去時(shí)態(tài)。"他不會(huì)來"應(yīng)發(fā)生在"我以為"之后，故用過去將來時(shí)。9.C 【解析】考查過去將來時(shí)。句意：她告訴我們，如果她有空，她將會(huì)和我們一起看電影。"看電影"還沒發(fā)生，要用將來時(shí)，而主句told是一般過去時(shí)，賓語從句也要用過去時(shí)態(tài)。所以用過去將來時(shí)。10.B 【解析】考查過去將來時(shí)。主句用一般過去時(shí)，因此賓語從句也要用過去時(shí)態(tài)。賓語從句又是一個(gè)帶條件狀語從句的主從復(fù)合句，根據(jù)"主將從現(xiàn)"的規(guī)則，從句用一般過去時(shí)，主句則用過去將來時(shí)。II.語法填空【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文,主要介紹了位于曼谷的夜市Train Night Market Ratchada。1.providing【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)用非謂語動(dòng)詞;provide與其邏輯主語stalls之間為主謂關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語。2.which【解析】考查定語從句。先行詞是The shelter，空處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，且在從句中作主語，故用which。3.attraction【解析】考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。根據(jù)空前的an可知，此處應(yīng)填名詞attraction "游覽勝地，具有吸引力的事物"。4.is called【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。定語從句說的是現(xiàn)在的客觀事實(shí)，應(yīng)該用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí);which(指代The market)與call之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。5.a【解析】考查冠詞。spot表示"地點(diǎn)"，是可數(shù)名詞，且此處為泛指，故填不定冠詞a。6.colo(u)rful【解析】考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。根據(jù)語境可知，此處指的是"顏色鮮艷的，五彩繽紛的"，故填colo(u)rful。7.primarily【解析】考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。此處修飾謂語動(dòng)詞，應(yīng)該用副詞，故填primarily。8.collections【解析】考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)?？涨盁o冠詞或者形容詞性物主代詞，加之collection"收藏物，收藏品"是可數(shù)名詞，故填collections。9.like【解析】考查介詞。like意為"像，如"，用來列舉事物。10.performed【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。此處是"with+賓語+賓補(bǔ)"復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。賓語music和perform之間是邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用過去分詞作賓補(bǔ)。題組三 體驗(yàn)真題1.will evaluate2.will do3.would pretend4. would attend5.A 【解析】一般將來時(shí)表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或情況。在一般將來時(shí)的句子中，有時(shí)有表示將來時(shí)間的狀語，有時(shí)沒有時(shí)間狀語，這時(shí)要從意思上判斷是否指未來的動(dòng)作或情況。句意：當(dāng)你通讀這本書的時(shí)候，你將會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)成千上萬的經(jīng)歷過二戰(zhàn)的每個(gè)人都有不同的經(jīng)歷。根據(jù)句意，判斷主語的時(shí)態(tài)為一般將來時(shí)，故選A6.A 【解析】句意：在大學(xué)的時(shí)候，奧巴馬不知道他將成為美國第一個(gè)黑人總統(tǒng)。用過去將來時(shí)表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間將要發(fā)生的事情，所以選A。10