課時(shí)提能練(三十八)Unit 3Inventors and inventions課時(shí)作業(yè)A：基礎(chǔ)層面.語(yǔ)境語(yǔ)法填空 AMost pupils have 1.expectations (expect) that they can participate in varieties of 2.practical (practice) activities off campus. Many student 3.associations (associate) often organize such activities, offering great 4.convenience (convenient) for the pupils. However, experts and parents are 5.cautious (caution) about pupils taking part in social activities. Pupils are 6.innocent (innocence), and they are easily taken in. Besides, many often ignore their security when 7.merrily (merry) involved in these activities. Schools must warn their pupils not to trust those who take interest in them 8.abruptly (abrupt) but hesitate to show their 9.identification (identify) cards.BLi Hua called me 10.up on the phone, asking if I could go with him for a hike the next day. I told him to hang 11.on for a while and then I set 12.about checking my schedule to see if I would be available. It was beyond 13.my expectations that I would have no other appointment. So I accepted his invitation. That evening, we set 14.out to make necessary preparations for the hike. Based on the weather forecast, we decided 15.on bringing raincoats with us 16.in case it rained.CThere being no customers at this hour, my mother closed her shop. Before long she appeared in front of me. “Drink the milk 17.before it becomes cold and then go to sleep，” she said to me. A competition was to take place the next day. 18.Being (be) very good at science subjects, I had a good chance of gaining high grades. 19.Convinced (convince) that I would not let her down, she still expected me to sleep well and refresh my mind before the competition. “Don't stay up too late, 20.or you'll feel tired tomorrow.”.語(yǔ)境短文改錯(cuò) 根據(jù)P25課文內(nèi)容，對(duì)下面材料進(jìn)行修改。文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。Alexander Graham Bell born in 1847 in Scotland. When he was young, his family moves to Boston, USA. His mother was almost entire deaf. After that, he became interested in help deaf people communicate and in deaf education. He found that by pressing his lips against his mother's forehead, he could make the bones move in so a way that she could understand that he was saying. It was this exploring around problems which led to his inventions. What's more, he was in the truth a continuing searcher. I improved the quality of everybody's life by finding much practical solutions.答案Alexander Graham Bell born in 1847 in Scotland. When he was young, his family to Boston, USA. His mother was almost deaf. After that, he became interested in deaf people communicate and in deaf education. He found that by pressing his lips against his mother's forehead, he could make the bones move in a way that she could understand he was saying. It was this exploring around problems led to his inventions. What's more, he was in truth a continuing searcher. improved the quality of everybody's life by finding practical solutions.根據(jù)提示補(bǔ)全句子1課堂上認(rèn)真聽老師講課，否則你就無法理解他說的是什么。(祈使句or陳述句)Listen to the teacher carefully in class, or you can't understand what he is saying.2白求恩大夫挽救了那么多中國(guó)士兵的生命，以至于他被中國(guó)人民永遠(yuǎn)地記住了。(so .that .)Doctor Bethune saved so many Chinese soldiers that he was remembered by the Chinese forever.3除非加以修改，否則這條法律將給農(nóng)民的生活造成困難。(連詞分詞)Unless changed, this law will make life difficult for farmers.4只有所有國(guó)家的人們聯(lián)合起來，我們才能解決世界上現(xiàn)存的一些問題。(only開頭的倒裝句)Only if people of all the countries are united will we be able to solve/can we solve some existing problems in the world.5這個(gè)世界上對(duì)他來說似乎沒有什么是不可能的事情。(there seem .)There seems to be nothing that seems impossible for him in the world.課時(shí)作業(yè)B：能力層面.閱讀理解A(2019·湖南省六校聯(lián)考)Not only does the use of plastic water bottles hurt your wallet，it also increases pollution and wastes energy and water. Only 23% of all plastic in America ends up in a recycling bin, meaning over $1 billion worth of plastic is treated as rubbish a year. Recently，Skipping Rocks Lab has invented a kind of water bottle called Ooho.It is a convenient, clear water bottle that can either be drunk or eaten. To drink it, you can either peel off the membrane(薄膜) or tear a hole in the membrane with your teeth to pour the water into your mouth. To eat it, you simply put the whole bottle in your mouth. One problem the scientists have run into is how to ship lots of Ooho bubbles without arriving with a very wet truck. However, they have attempted to package units of individual bubbles together inside a larger and thicker membrane. It is targeting large outdoor events such as marathons，music festivals，and sporting events，where tons of plastic bottles are used, and frequently left behind as litter. And too much plastic is sure to do harm to the environment, which could account for their purpose of such a new invention.The team has been working for the past two years to develop the technology and materials needed to produce Ooho; they have recently applied for a patent for their new advancement. The price for an individual bubble or a unit of bubbles has not been set yet，but they cost about two cents to create a unit，which is cheaper than plastic bottles. It has appeared at events in London，San Francisco，Boston，at conferences，festivals，and so on.Ooho is catching many people's attention and has raised over $1 million and gained 1，000 investors in only three days. It is mostly being sold at events at the moment to keep the consumer's interest when the production machine is running. It is quickly making a rise, so keep an eye out this year for these bottles of the future.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。由于塑料瓶的使用不但浪費(fèi)金錢，還造成環(huán)境污染，Skipping Rocks Lab發(fā)明了一種可以食用的包裝材料Ooho。本文介紹了Ooho的食用方法，運(yùn)輸方法以及制作成本，并展望了其市場(chǎng)前景。1How is most plastic dealt with in America?AIt's sold.BIt's recycled.CIt's buried.DIt's wasted.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第二句“Only 23% of all plastic in America ends up in a recycling bin, meaning over $1 billion worth of plastic is treated as rubbish a year”可知，在美國(guó)只有23%的塑料最終回到回收站，這意味著價(jià)值超過10億美元的塑料被視為垃圾。據(jù)此可知，在美國(guó)，大部分塑料被當(dāng)成垃圾處理了，故D項(xiàng)正確。2Why did the team invent Ooho?ATo make a profit for a company.BTo protect the environment.CTo make people eat as they drink.DTo reduce the cost of the plastic bottle.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段尾句“And too much plastic is sure to do harm to the environment, which could account for their purpose of such a new invention”可知，由于塑料瓶的使用污染了環(huán)境，故Skipping Rocks Lab發(fā)明了一種可以食用的包裝材料Ooho，故B項(xiàng)正確。3What can we infer about Ooho from the text?AIt is easy and safe to ship it in large amounts.BIt has become popular since it began to be sold.CIt might be sold at a lower price than plastic bottles.DIt cost the team a lot of money to develop the technology.C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第二句“The price for an individual bubble or a unit of bubbles has not been set yet，but they cost about two cents to create a unit，which is cheaper than plastic bottles”可知，該產(chǎn)品的制造成本比塑料瓶低；據(jù)此可推知，該產(chǎn)品的售價(jià)也可能比塑料瓶低，故C項(xiàng)正確。4What does the author really want to say in the last paragraph?AOoho is to be a success in the future.BOoho is being supported by smart people.COoho is taking the place of plastic bottles now.DOoho is being produced to attract more investors.A推理判斷題。根據(jù)尾段第一句“Ooho is catching many people's attention and has raised over $1 million and gained 1，000 investors in only three days”可知，Ooho吸引了很多人的注意，在三天時(shí)間內(nèi)就得到了1 000位投資者的關(guān)注，籌集到100多萬(wàn)美元；再結(jié)合最后一句“It is quickly making a rise，so keep an eye out this year for these bottles of the future”可推知，作者最后一段想要表達(dá)的是，在未來Ooho一定能獲得成功，故A項(xiàng)正確。B(2019·石家莊市高中畢業(yè)班模擬考試一)At 9：30 am. on a Wednesday morning, I received a notification(通知) that I'd already picked up my phone 30 times that day! “11 left until you go over your goal of 41 pickups，” my screen read. “Put your phone down until 9：52 am.! Enjoy your time living in the moment.”These updates were sent via Moment, an app that tracks the screen time, created by Kevin Holesh in 2014 to fight his own device addiction. He was working as an independent app developer, spending hours each day staring at screens. After work, Holesh found that he was looking mindlessly online instead of talking to his wife or taking his dogs for a walk.“I wanted a way of seeing how much time I was sinking into my phone，” he said. “So I came up with something that could monitor my screen time.” Holesh found that he was spending 75 minutes on his phone a day. He added a function to the app that informed him whenever his screen time was more than 40 minutes. “My phone would make a sound like a bee, and I'd go and do something else. It was like something pushing me in the right direction，” he said. Holesh figured that if the system worked for him, it would work for others, and later that year he made Moment a free app. To date, it has been downloaded 8 million times.Besides, Moment also has a “coach” function, offering guided programs to help users focus and be more productive，for $7.99 a month.“I am so much happier, I sleep better, I read more, I take better care of myself, and most of all I am present in my day­to­day life，” Jack, a user said. Similar comments on Moment reflect a growing consciousness around “digital wellness”， the name given to lifestyle practices that encourage healthy device use.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了一種名為“Moment”的手機(jī)軟件，該軟件可以對(duì)超時(shí)使用手機(jī)的人發(fā)出提醒，讓人們合理使用設(shè)備。文章主要介紹了這款軟件的發(fā)明過程和功能，以及用戶對(duì)它的評(píng)價(jià)。5What does the inspiration of Moment come from?AThe creator's own experience.BThe sound made by honey bees.CComplaints from family members.DThe widespread digital addiction.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句“These updates were sent via Moment, an app that tracks the screen time, created by Kevin Holesh in 2014 to fight his own device addiction”，并結(jié)合該段其他內(nèi)容和第三段可知，該軟件的發(fā)明源于Kevin Holesh自己的經(jīng)歷，故A項(xiàng)正確。6What does Moment do at the expected screen time?AMonitor the screen and keep a record.BMake a noise to remind the user.CTurn off the phone immediately.DForce the user to take a rest.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“He added a function to the app that informed him whenever his screen time was more than 40 minutes” “My phone would make a sound like a bee, and I'd go and do something else”可知，如果超時(shí)使用手機(jī)，則這款軟件會(huì)使手機(jī)發(fā)出聲音來提醒使用者，故B項(xiàng)正確。7What does the author intend to do in Paragraph 4?APersuade readers to buy the app.BProvide readers with some advice.CRecommend a coach to the readers.DIntroduce more information of the app.D寫作意圖題。根據(jù)第四段的內(nèi)容可知，該軟件還具有“教練”功能，提供一些指導(dǎo)方案，讓用戶注意力集中，更有效率，并結(jié)合上文介紹的該軟件的超時(shí)使用手機(jī)的提醒功能可推知，在第四段作者旨在介紹該軟件的更多信息，故D項(xiàng)正確。8In which part of a website will you find this text?AFashion and Business.BSports and Entertainment.CHealth and Lifestyle.DArt and Design.C推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了一種名為“Moment”的手機(jī)軟件，該軟件可以對(duì)超時(shí)使用手機(jī)的人發(fā)出提醒，讓人們合理使用設(shè)備，擁有更有益于健康的生活方式。據(jù)此可推知，本文最有可能摘自健康和生活方式版塊，故C項(xiàng)正確。.完形填空(2019·沈陽(yáng)市教學(xué)質(zhì)量監(jiān)測(cè)一)Jayce began noticing when he was in kindergarten that he looked different from his classmates. They had two arms. He had one.It started when one boy 1 him, said his mother, Lewis. He'd return to his home with questions：“Why am I 2 ? Why me？” His mother recalled he was actually sad and that it was a heavy 3 to his heart.Lewis 4 she didn't know what to do at that point. A few weeks later, Lewis turned on the TV and saw a news story about an eighth grader, Trashaun, becoming an Internet hit after 5 videos of his slam dunks(灌籃), and, like Jayce, he 6 most of his left arm. Lewis called Jayce in. To her surprise, Jayce was immediately 7 . At the time, it seemed that watching Trashaun was 8 an inspiring moment for Jaycehe saw a role model with a similar 9 . If it had stayed just that, Lewis would have been happy enough. But little did she know that a family friend had already 10 to the newspaper to help set up a 11 with Trashaun to build Jayce's confidence.The boys met and instantly 12 with each other as both of them were in the same condition. They rode bikes, took photos, and played basketball on the court. Instead of spending the whole day feeling 13 for themselves, they had a lot of fun. However, Trashaun did get 14 with Jayce sometimes. They talked about his left arm. He told Jayce he was perfect the way he was made. He also told him not to let anyone 15 him and not to let those words shake his 16 Since that meeting, Lewis has seen a noticeable 17 in her son. As for Trashaun, his relationship with Jayce made him 18 to help more kids. “Honestly, it 19 a lot to know that I changed Jayce's life，” Trashaun says. Still, he never dreamed that his 20 would have such an impact. “I just thought my friends would see them, and be like, Oh, he dunked it！”He certainly did.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了Trashaun幫助Jayce重拾信心的故事。1A.supportedBteasedCcheatedDpleasedB根據(jù)第一段可知，Jayce在幼兒園時(shí)注意到自己和同班同學(xué)不一樣，因?yàn)樗挥幸恢桓觳?，結(jié)合下文中的“he was actually sad and that it was a heavy to his heart”可推知，此處是說Jayce因?yàn)槿鄙僖恢桓觳捕灰粋€(gè)男孩嘲笑(teased)，故選B。2A.lonelyBsillyCdifferentDordinaryC根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，Jayce不明白自己為什么與別人不同(different)，故選C。3A.dutyBbreathCdebtDblowD根據(jù)上文Jayce被嘲笑并結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可推知，缺少一只胳膊不僅讓Jayce很難過，而且這對(duì)其心靈是一個(gè)沉重的打擊(blow)，故選D。4A.arguedBpromisedCsuspectedDadmittedD根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可推知，當(dāng)時(shí)Lewis承認(rèn)(admitted)她并不知道應(yīng)該做些什么(來幫助她的兒子)，故選D。5A.downloadingBpostingCbuyingDwatchingB根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，Trashaun把自己的灌籃視頻發(fā)布(posting)到網(wǎng)上后走紅，故選B。6A.lostBhurtCusedDrecoveredA根據(jù)該句中的“l(fā)ike Jayce”和“most of his left arm”，并結(jié)合上文Jayce少了一只胳膊可知，Trashaun的境況和Jayce一樣，他失去(lost)了大部分左胳膊，故選A。7A.satisfiedBconfusedCboredDattractedD根據(jù)下文中的“At the time, it seemed that watching Trashaun was an inspiring moment for Jayce”可推知，Jayce立刻被Trashaun的故事吸引(attracted)了，故選D。8A.hardlyBsimplyCstillDneverB根據(jù)下文中的“If it had stayed just that, Lewis would have been happy enough”可推知，當(dāng)時(shí)看Trashaun(的視頻)對(duì)Jayce來說只(simply)是一個(gè)鼓舞人心的時(shí)刻，故選B。9A.responseBfamilyCproblemDeducationC根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可推知，Jayce缺少一只胳膊，Trashaun失去了大部分左胳膊，故此處指他們兩個(gè)有類似的問題，故選C。10A.reached outBlooked outCgot outDturned outA根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，Lewis的一位朋友已經(jīng)聯(lián)系了報(bào)社來幫助安排Jayce和Trashaun的會(huì)面(meeting)，從而增強(qiáng)Jayce的自信心，故選A。11A.gameBfightingCtrapDmeetingD參見上題解析。12A.bondedBcompetedCpartedDracedA根據(jù)下文中的“They rode bikes, took photos, and played basketball on the court”可推知，兩個(gè)男孩擁有相同的境況，很快建立了互信關(guān)系。bond with sb.“建立(與某人的)互信關(guān)系”，為固定搭配，故選A。13A.happyBgratefulCsorryDfearfulC根據(jù)語(yǔ)境“Instead of”可推知，此處與下文的“fun”形成對(duì)比，故選C。14A.angryBseriousCtoughDfamiliarB根據(jù)空前的“However”與下文中的“They talked about his left arm”可推知，Trashaun有時(shí)也會(huì)和Jayce有嚴(yán)肅的時(shí)刻，他們會(huì)談?wù)撍淖蟾觳玻蔬xB。15A.approachBcomfortCdiscourageDleaveC根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可推知，此處是Trashaun在鼓勵(lì)Jayce，告訴他不要讓任何人使自己氣餒(discourage)，也不要讓其他人的話動(dòng)搖自己的信心(confidence)，故選C。16A.confidenceBpatienceCsadnessDhonestyA參見上題解析。17A.advantageBscarCdrawbackDchangeD根據(jù)下文“Honestly, it a lot to know that I changed Jayce's life， Trashaun says” 可推知，自從那次會(huì)面后，Jayce發(fā)生了顯著的變化，故選D。18A.expectBagreeChesitateDrefuseA根據(jù)下文中的“Honestly, it a lot to know that I changed Jayce's life， Trashaun says”可推知，通過和Jayce的交往，Trashaun了解到自己改變了Jayce，這讓他期望(expect)能夠幫助更多的孩子，故選A。19A.caresBmeansCsavesDtakesB結(jié)合上題解析可推知，了解到自己改變了Jayce對(duì)Trashaun來講意義重大，故選B。20A.attitudesBwordsCvideosDdisabilitiesC根據(jù)下文中的“I just thought my friends would see them, and be like, Oh, he dunked it！”可推知，此處指的是Trashaun之前上傳到網(wǎng)上的視頻，故選C。- 10 -