Unit 1 Friendship李仕才一、閱讀理解。Golden Gate BridgeLocated in San Francisco，the Golden Gate Bridge started in the year 1933 to connect the San Francisco Peninsula with Marin County.It was finally thrown open to public in 1937.It cost more than$35 million in the construction.Till the year 1957，the Golden Gate Bridge，at a length of 2,737 meters, was the longest suspension bridge in the world.Brooklyn BridgeThe Brooklyn Bridge is located in Brooklyn.It is one of the oldest bridges in the United States，opened in the year 1883.The length of the bridge is 1,825 meters.The bridge has been featured in several Hollywood movies.George Washington BridgeAlso known as the Hudson River Bridge，the George Washington Bridge which connects Fort Lee to Manhattan came into use in 1931 after a construction period of almost 4 years.It is a two­level suspension bridge.Mackinac BridgeThis is the third biggest suspension bridge in the world at a length of 8,038 meters.The architect of this bridge was Dr.David BSteinman who directed the construction of the bridge which started in the year 1954 and opened to the public in 1957.People using this bridge are charged a certain amount of money.Navajo BridgeLocated in Arizona，this bridge crosses the Colorado River and is almost 250 meters long.The construction of this bridge started in the year 1927，ending two years later，costing $390,000.In the 1990s a second bridge was built which was opened to the public in 1995.The first bridge is still used by pedestrians now.1What do we know about the Golden Gate Bridge?AIt consists of two bridges.BIt costs the least of the five bridges.CIt is the longest suspension bridge in the world.DIt takes about 4 years to complete the construction.2Which of the following bridges was built the earliest?AGolden Gate Bridge.BBrooklyn Bridge.CGeorge Washington Bridge.DNavajo Bridge.3What will you do if you drive across Mackinac Bridge?AHave to pay some money.BUse the second bridge.CCover nearly 250 meters.DSee the statue of Dr.David BSteinman.【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要介紹了美國(guó)五座著名的大橋。1D考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的“the Golden Gate Bridge started in the year 1933 to connect the San Francisco Peninsula with Marin County.It was finally thrown open to public in 1937”可推知，金門(mén)大橋的建筑時(shí)間約有四年，故D項(xiàng)正確。2B考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“was built the earliest”定位到每座大橋的建筑時(shí)間；根據(jù)文中各座大橋的建筑時(shí)間可知，布魯克林大橋是最古老的大橋，故B項(xiàng)正確。3A考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段尾句“People using this bridge are charged a certain amount of money”可知，使用麥基諾大橋的人會(huì)被收取一定量的錢(qián)，故A項(xiàng)正確。二、單句語(yǔ)法填空1It was when I got back to my apartment _I first came across my new neighbors.答案：that本句是強(qiáng)調(diào)句。被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，故應(yīng)填that。2Lily can't fall asleep, extremely _ (concern) about the result of her maths test.答案：concerned短語(yǔ)be concerned about . “擔(dān)憂，掛念”，本句中逗號(hào)后沒(méi)有連詞，故逗號(hào)后的部分為狀語(yǔ)，此處應(yīng)用形容詞短語(yǔ)作伴隨狀語(yǔ)。3It's no pleasure _ (go) camping on such a foggy day.答案：goingIt's no pleasure doing sth. “做某事沒(méi)有樂(lè)趣”。4The little boy is clever enough to have no trouble _ (find) his house without others' help.答案：findinghave no trouble doing sth. “做某事沒(méi)困難”。5There was no _ (agree), and the proposal was accepted.答案：disagreement由形容詞no可知，本空應(yīng)填名詞，再由后一分句“建議被接受了”可知，應(yīng)填名詞disagreement。6He happened _ (know) the secret, so I needn't tell him.答案：to have knownhappen to do sth. “碰巧做某事”，再由后一并列分句“沒(méi)有必要告訴他”可知，前一分句謂語(yǔ)部分應(yīng)用不定式的完成式。7He set his alarm clock before going to bed in order _ (get) up earlier than usual the next morning.答案：to getin order to do sth. “為了做某事”。8Several weeks had gone by _ they knew the painting was missing.答案：beforebefore引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，表示“在以前”，從句常用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，主句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。9While _ (wait) for the bus by the roadside, I found a wallet on the ground.答案：waiting時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)和主句主語(yǔ)一致，且從句謂語(yǔ)部分含有be動(dòng)詞，故從句中省略主語(yǔ)和be動(dòng)詞，填waiting。while waiting可看作是while I was waiting的省略。10The windows haven't been cleaned for at least a year and are _ (dust) now.答案：dustydusty “臟的，布滿塵土的”，是形容詞，在此處作表語(yǔ)。三、完形填空。A homeless man walked up to me and asked me for some small change, “ Ill give you a quarter if you tell me your story,” I said. He laughed, “Youll give me a quarter for my story? I laid the 1 in front of him and 2 myself “No, heres the quarter but it would be nice to hear your story.” Seeing him lost in 3 , I sat down next to him and waited. “ I was once a sniper(狙擊手)in the army.” he said. “ I was 4 to shoot down the enemy from the distance.” I listened attentively as he 5 his story. He told me how he 6 to hunt with his family and was really good at it. He had his own 7 to respecting animals by not killing more than be needed. When the army came knocking on his door, he felt 8 and joined up. All those years of developing his hunting skills could now serve a larger 9 to defend us from the bad guys. He set out to 10 at the front. “ I was a sniper but I never really killed anyone.” he continued. “One day they asked me to 11 a lady from the distance. I saw the kids near her and my hands were on the trigger(扳機(jī)). But I couldnt 12 it. She wasnt doing anything to anyone and she was 13 the kidsI couldnt see through my tears. It just didnt make any 14 to me. ” The story went on as he described 15 being put into prison for 180 days for 16 to follow orders. “ I have no 17 ,” he said. “ I may be homeless now, 18 I never killed that lady.” He continued, “ I can live with being homeless, but I wouldnt be able to stand killing 19 people.”O(jiān)n that lonely Friday night, I met a hero. It just never 20 to me that a hero could be a smelly old sniper. 語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文介紹了一位曾在部隊(duì)服役的狙擊手的故事。狙擊手在一次戰(zhàn)斗中因?yàn)榫芙^執(zhí)行槍殺一位帶著孩子的婦女的命令，被判處180天監(jiān)禁。出獄后卻找不到工作，淪為街頭乞丐。但是他卻一直不后悔自己的行為。他是一位真正的英雄。1.A. note        B. coin        C. dollar         D. wallet 【答案】B 2.A. blamed      B. recommended    C. corrected      D. rescued【答案】C 【解析】A. blamed責(zé)備；B. recommend推薦；C. corrected改正，糾正；D. rescued營(yíng)救，援救。此處指作者意識(shí)到自己做錯(cuò)了(指把錢(qián)放在那個(gè)無(wú)家可歸的人的前面的地上)，就趕緊改正(從下文所說(shuō)的話，作者是把錢(qián)遞給了那個(gè)無(wú)家可歸的人)。3.A. argument    B. action     C. consideration  D. thought【答案】D【解析】A. argument爭(zhēng)論；B. action行動(dòng)；C. consideration考慮；D. thought想法。lost in thought“陷入沉思”。4.A. observed   B. supposed    C. reminded       D. determined【答案】B【解析】A. observed觀察； B. supposed假定；C. reminded 提醒，使想起；D. determined決定。be supposed to應(yīng)該，被期望。此處指“期望我能從遠(yuǎn)處開(kāi)槍擊倒敵人”。5.A. expanded on   B. checked on    C. counted on      D. fixed on【答案】A【解析】A. expanded on詳細(xì)闡述，進(jìn)一步闡述；B. checked on檢查，調(diào)查；C. counted on指望，依靠，依賴；D. fixed on確定，決定。這兒是說(shuō)“詳細(xì)闡述他的故事，即展開(kāi)他的故事”。6.A. desired     B. wished      C. failed         D. used【答案】D【解析】A. desired渴望；B. wished希望；C. failed失??；D. used使用。此處狙擊手講過(guò)去的事，used to過(guò)去常常。7. A. methodB. meansC. way D. approach【答案】D8.A. annoyed    B. honored     C. astonished    D. confused【答案】B【解析】A. annoyed煩惱的；B. honored光榮的；C. astonished吃驚的；D. confused困惑的。上文說(shuō)“部隊(duì)來(lái)征兵時(shí)(the army came knocking on his door轉(zhuǎn)義為部隊(duì)來(lái)征兵)”，說(shuō)明他想?yún)④?，感到參軍很光榮，所以就入伍了。9.A. group     B. business    C. purpose       D. result【答案】C【解析】A. group組；B. business商業(yè)；C. purpose目的；D. result結(jié)果。此處指多年的軍隊(duì)練習(xí)使他能實(shí)現(xiàn)更大的目的，保護(hù)人民。10.A. serve      B. hunt        C. aim            D. survive【答案】A 【解析】A. serve服務(wù)；B. hunt打獵；C. aim 目的在于； D. survive生存。此處指他去前線服役，為國(guó)服務(wù)。11.A. murder    B. fight       C. shoot          D. recognize【答案】C 【解析】A. murder謀殺；B. fight打仗；C. shoot射殺；D. recognize認(rèn)出。此處指：開(kāi)槍射殺一位女士。12.A. remain    B. fire        C. make          D. decide【答案】C【解析】A. remain保持；B. fire點(diǎn)燃；C. make it做成，成功；D. decide決定。此處指狙擊手想到這位女士是無(wú)辜的，所以就沒(méi)下手，沒(méi)做成。故選C.13.A. besides    B. along       C. inside        D. among【答案】D【解析】A. besides除外；B. along沿著；C. inside在內(nèi)；D. among在中間。此處指這位女 士在孩子們中間。14. A. use        B. reason C. value        D. sense【答案】D【解析】make sense 意為“有意義”、“意思清楚”、“有道理”。此處指“射殺那位女士對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)沒(méi)有任何 意義”。15.A. gradually  B. eventually  C. deliberately   D. desperately【答案】B【解析】A. gradually逐漸地；B. eventually 最后；C. deliberately故意地；D. desperately拼命地。此處指 最后他被判處180天監(jiān)禁。16.A. managing  B. failing    C. hesitating   D. forgetting【答案】B【解析】A. managing管理；B. failing失敗(fail to do sth.沒(méi)有能夠做某事)；C. hesitating猶豫；D. forgetting 忘記。此處講他被判處180天監(jiān)禁的原因是他沒(méi)有服從命令。17.A. ideas      B. attempts    C. regrets        D. feelings【答案】C18.A. however    B. rather than   C. but            D. contrary to【答案】C【解析】A. however然而，B. rather than而不是；C. but 但是；D. contrary to和相反。前句為我現(xiàn)在無(wú)家可歸，后句為我沒(méi)殺害無(wú)辜者。上下文之間為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故but。however表示讓步關(guān)系。19. A. considerable B. considerate C. innocent D. ignorant【答案】C【解析】A. considerable相當(dāng)大(或多)的；B. considerate體貼的，體諒的，深思熟慮的；C. innocent無(wú)辜的；D. ignorant無(wú)知的。這里是說(shuō)：我可以忍受無(wú)家可歸，但我不能忍受殺害無(wú)辜者。20.A. happened B. seemed      C. attached         D. occurred【答案】D【解析】occur to sb.某人突然想到。這里是說(shuō)：我從沒(méi)想到一個(gè)又老又臟的狙擊手竟然是個(gè)英雄。四、單句改錯(cuò)1He spoke calm to them trying to pour oil on troubled waters but it was useless._答案：calmcalmly副詞calmly “鎮(zhèn)靜地”修飾動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)spoke to。2There was a time that the two countries were at war._答案：thatwhenThere was a time when . 是固定結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“曾經(jīng)/一度/有一段時(shí)間”。3Exact speaking, I disagree with you on this matter._答案：ExactExactlyexactly speaking 為固定搭配，意為“確切地說(shuō)”。4He said that he had fallen in love with Mary for two years and would get married the next year._答案：fallenbeenbe in love with可與時(shí)間段連用，fall in love with 表示瞬時(shí)動(dòng)作，不可以與表示一段時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。5I have never heard of the names you added up to the list._答案：去掉upadd to “添加”，add up to “合計(jì)為”。根據(jù)句意去掉up。五、七選五How to Be More Creative Every DayCreativity isnt something you either have or dont have. In fact， it is something like playing the saxophone. 1._ So read on to know how.·Be more curious.Its important to seek out new viewpoints every day. 2._ To involve this in your daily life， make sure to keep an open mind when youre presented with an idea， and be curious as to what else is around the corner.·Give yourself space.Letting every piece of information into your brain drags you from being creative. Try to apply a level of space into your everyday life. 3._ It helps to lead your thinking patterns away from potential distractions（使人分心的事物）， leaving much room to have creative ideas.·Try something new.Frequent thinking patterns， in effect， cause you to be more likely to think the same things or make the same decisions over and over unless you get out of your comfort zone. 4._ Though not always easy， it does open up a whole new world of thinking！·5._Social media has created an environment where were constantly shown whether weve succeeded in the form of likes or comments， which leads us to doubt ourselves. However， creativity is a journey， and youre learning every step of the way. Honestly， youll learn much more from that than a straight win anyway. So be confident and tell yourself you have already done well enough.A.Learn from failure.B.Remind yourself youre good enough.C.The 8 p.m.8 a.m. phone ban is a great way to begin.D.Getting physical really helps to sort out your brain space.E.But its not easy to feel or be automatically creative either.F.Thus you can think and approach things from another angle.G.Using your skills in a different area is a great way to think outside the box.【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文介紹了幾種如何使自己變得更有創(chuàng)造力的方法。1.E解析：上文提到它有點(diǎn)像吹奏薩克斯，設(shè)空處應(yīng)該介紹如何像薩克斯，主語(yǔ)應(yīng)該與上文一致，但意義上轉(zhuǎn)折，以便引出下文的建議。故選E項(xiàng)。2.F解析：本段主題是更好奇。設(shè)空前提到每天尋找新的觀點(diǎn)很重要，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)（這樣你可以從不同的角度思考和處理問(wèn)題）與上文一致，也與下文的to keep an open mind相照應(yīng)。故選F項(xiàng)。3.C解析：本段主題是給自己空間。本段第一句提到進(jìn)入大腦的每一條信息都會(huì)阻礙你的創(chuàng)造性，并建議每天給自己留一定空間?？崭窈筇岢觯@有助于讓你的思維模式遠(yuǎn)離潛在的干擾，給創(chuàng)造性的思維留下更多的空間。C項(xiàng)（晚8點(diǎn)到早8點(diǎn)的手機(jī)禁令就是一個(gè)好的開(kāi)始方式）符合上下文語(yǔ)境。故選C項(xiàng)。4.G解析：本段主題是嘗試新事物。G項(xiàng)（在不同的領(lǐng)域使用你的技能是跳出框架思考的一個(gè)好方法）與主題一致。故選G項(xiàng)。5.B解析：本題考查段落主題。本段第一句提出在社交媒體上，我們成功與否常常會(huì)以喜歡或評(píng)論的方式呈現(xiàn)出來(lái)，這讓我們總是懷疑自己。其中的關(guān)鍵詞doubt表明一種不自信，再結(jié)合最后一句可知，本段的主題是要讓自己自信。故選B項(xiàng)。9