課時(shí)提能練(四十七)選修8Module 5The Conquest of the Universe課時(shí)作業(yè)A：基礎(chǔ)層面.語(yǔ)境語(yǔ)法填空1Li Guang has made a series of plans of visiting the Mars.First, he must get himself accustomed(accustom) to the life in the Mars probe.Second, he has to have enough patience (patient) to consult the astronomer about how to grasp himself when in space.Third, he ought to_be(be) able to foresee what will happen once he set foot on Mars.2In spite of there being(be) varieties of difficulties in exploring the Mars, human being sets out to_land(land) on Mars.Whether you acknowledge it or not, our motherland has made great progress in exploring the space.3Do you know that the environment on the Mars is very similar to the Earth's? If the assumption that there is water on the Mars proves to be true, it will have a great impact on our future life.Maybe in decades(decade), every one of us will have a chance to view our Earth on the Mars.語(yǔ)境改錯(cuò)文中共有5處錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處，請(qǐng)找出并改正。Long as I stay in England, I am still not accustom to the life here.So far I have been accused breaking the traffic rules four times.To me relief, my friends often come to see me.I think I must try my best to have patient and become used to the life here.I'm sure I can make of it.答案Long as I stay in England, I am still not to the life here.So far I have been accused breaking the traffic rules four times.To relief, my friends often come to see me.I think I must try my best to have and become used to the life here.I'm sure I can make of it.根據(jù)提示補(bǔ)全句子1他雖然是老師，但也不可能什么都懂。(as引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句)Teacher_as_he_is,_he can't know everything.2湯姆跟他弟弟一樣都不用功。(no more .than)Tom is no_more_hardworking_than his brother.3隨著電腦的發(fā)明， 社會(huì)似乎已經(jīng)大大地改變了。(seem to)With the inventing of the computer, society seems_to_have_changed_greatly.4這位政府官員被指控濫用職權(quán)，任用他的親戚朋友。(accuse)The government official was_accused_of_abusing his position to give jobs to his relatives and friends.5令我們感到寬慰的是，他的病沒(méi)有我們擔(dān)心的那么嚴(yán)重。(relief)To_our_relief,_his illness proved not to be as serious as we had feared.課時(shí)作業(yè)B：能力層面.閱讀理解 (2019·安徽省示范高中模擬)Have you ever wondered when dogs first became “man's best friend” and the world's favourite pet? If you have, then you're not alone.When and where dogs first began living side by side with humans are questions that have stirred hot debate among scientists.There are a few hard facts that all agree on.These include that dogs were once wolves and they were the first animal to be domesticated(馴養(yǎng)) by humans.They came into human lives some 15,000 years ago, before the dawn of agriculture.Beyond that, there is little agreement.The earliest bones found that are unquestionable dogs' and not wolves' date from 14,000 years ago.However, 30,000­ year­old skulls have been discovered in France and Belgium that are not pure wolves' and some scientists think could be dogs'.With such puzzling evidence, many scientists are now turning to DNA to find out when and where dogs were first domesticated.In one research project, tens of thousands of blood samples have been taken from street dogs around the world.The plan is to compare them with those of wolves.It's even possible to analyse DNA from ancient bones.Tiny pieces of the 30,000­year­old skulls mentioned earlier are currently being studied, and another DNA study has already shown that ancient dogs preserved in the Alaskan ice fields evolved from Asian wolves, not American ones.Indeed, the ancient DNA may turn out to be more informative than the DNA of living dogs.Because dogs have accompanied humans around the world for thousands of years, their current distribution may tell us very little of their origins.This is why different groups of scientists believe that dogs variously originated in eastern Asia, Mongolia, Siberia, Europe or Africa.But why were the animals domesticated in the first place? The most recent theory is that dogs domesticated themselves, initially living in and around our ancient villages to eat any food thrown out.Today, this is a way of life still shared by three quarters of a billion unowned dogs worldwide.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，狗是從狼馴化而來(lái)的；早在一萬(wàn)五千年之前狗就進(jìn)入了我們的生活?？茖W(xué)家通過(guò)分析DNA去查證狗最初是在何時(shí)何地被馴養(yǎng)的。1Which is the only statement generally agreed on by scientists studying dogs?ADogs originally were used as farm animals.BDogs evolved from wolves found in Europe.CDogs helped the development of agriculture.DDogs were the first animal to be kept as pets.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第一句“Have you ever wondered when dogs first became man's best friend and the world's favourite pet”，再結(jié)合倒數(shù)第二句可知，狗是第一種被人類馴養(yǎng)成寵物的動(dòng)物，故D項(xiàng)正確。2Why does the writer first mention the 30,000­year­old animals' skulls?ATo show that dogs were much larger in the past.BTo prove that dogs developed from Asian wolves.CTo suggest that dogs may have evolved much earlier.DTo argue that dogs were first kept in France and Belgium.C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第三句“However,30,000­year­old skulls have been discovered in France and Belgium that are not pure wolves' and some scientists think could be dogs'”可知，在法國(guó)和比利時(shí)已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)了3萬(wàn)年前的頭骨，它們不完全是狼的，科學(xué)家認(rèn)為有一些可能是狗的。據(jù)此可推知，該處提及三萬(wàn)年前的頭骨旨在說(shuō)明狗的進(jìn)化歷史更早，故C項(xiàng)正確。3How did scientists determine the origins of the ancient dogs found in Alaska?ABy analyzing the age of their bones.BBy examining the animals' DNA.CBy studying the shape of their skulls.DBy comparing them with modern dogs.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段尾句中的“another DNA study has already shown that ancient dogs preserved in the Alaskan ice fields evolved from Asian wolves, not American ones”可知，科學(xué)家是通過(guò)檢測(cè)DNA的方法來(lái)判斷阿拉斯加狗的起源的，故B項(xiàng)正確。4Why did dogs start living with humans?ABecause they were attracted by food.BBecause they were trapped by humans.CBecause they couldn't survive in the wild.DBecause they were trained to protect villages.A推理判斷題。根據(jù)尾段第二句“The most recent theory is that dogs domesticated themselves, initially living in and around our ancient villages to eat any food thrown out”可知，最近的一種說(shuō)法是，狗是自己馴養(yǎng)自己的，最初生活在我們古老的村莊里或周圍，吃人們?nèi)拥舻氖澄?。?jù)此可推知，狗和人生活在一起的原因是它們被食物所吸引，故A項(xiàng)正確。4