Unit 5The power of nature.閱讀理解A(2018長沙一模)In between running one of the worlds largest charitable agencies and acting as Microsofts technology advisor,Bill Gates manages to find time to read books,both long and short.Now Gateswho has been labeled a “greedy” readerhas released a list of his favorite books.All of the books are standout reads,according to the billionaire,most of which are focused on business and economy.Here are Bills top four picks (with parts of his full review of each book).Business Adventures,by John BrooksBrooks collection was published in 1969 and remains one of Gates favorites.He re-read it again this year,labeling it the best business book he has ever read.“Shortly after we met,Warren Buffett lent me this collection of business articles from The New Yorker from the 1950s and 1960s.I loved them as much as he did.Brooks insights (洞察力) into business have aged beautifully,and they are as true today as ever.”Capital in the Twenty-First Century,by Thomas PikettyPikettys novel hit the shelves in August 2013 and sparked much discussion concerning income inequality throughout this year.Gates also got to sit down with Piketty himself after reading the non-fiction work to discuss the topic.“As I told him,although I have concerns about some of his secondary points and policy prescriptions,I agree with his most important conclusions:inequality is a growing problem and governments should play a role in reducing it.”How Asia Works,by Joe StudwellStudwells work,which was published in May 2014,addresses how countries such as Japan,R.O.Korea and China have continued to achieve high growth,and why other countries have failed to do the same.“The agriculture section of the book was particularly insightful.It provided ample food for thought for me as well as the whole agriculture team at our foundation.And it left us thinking about whether parts of the Asian model can apply in Africa.”Making the Modern World:Materials and Dematerialization,by Vaclav SmilSmils books are a constant favorite of the Microsofts founderone of his books makes Gates list almost every year.Making the Modern World came out late in 2013 and explores the global use of materials,from silicon to wood and plastic.“If anyone tries to tell you were using fewer materials,send him this book.With his usual skepticism and his love of data,Smil shows how our ability to make things with fewer materialssay,soda cans that need less aluminummakes them cheaper,which actually encourages more production.”1.The books mentioned in the text are mainly about . A.charity in the worldB.business and economyC.poverty in the worldD.Bill Gates life experience2.Of the books, is best praised by Bill Gates. A.How Asia WorksB.Capital in the Twenty-First CenturyC.Business AdventuresD.Making the Modern World:Materials and Dematerialization3.Gates once had a personal discussion with the author of . A.Capital in the Twenty-First CenturyB.Business AdventuresC.How Asia WorksD.Making the Modern World:Materials and Dematerialization4.In How Asia Works,the author analyses . A.why African agriculture cannot develop fastB.how they can apply Asian economic model in African countriesC.why Asia is slow in agricultural developmentD.how some Asian countries have rapidly grown in economy語篇解讀:本文介紹了比爾·蓋茨喜歡閱讀的四本關(guān)于商業(yè)和經(jīng)濟(jì)的書。答案及剖析:1.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的最后一句“All of the books are standout reads,according to the billionaire,most of which are focused on business and economy.”可知,比爾·蓋茨喜歡的這些書都是優(yōu)秀讀物,其中大部分書與商業(yè)和經(jīng)濟(jì)有關(guān),故B項(xiàng)正確。2.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的第二句“He re-read it again this year,labeling it the best business book he has ever read.”可知,Business Adventures這本書是最受比爾·蓋茨稱贊的,故C項(xiàng)正確。3.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段的第二句“Gates also got to sit down with Piketty himself after reading the non-fiction work to discuss the topic.”可知,比爾·蓋茨和Capital in the Twenty-First Century 這本書的作者坐下來交談過,故A項(xiàng)正確。4.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第七段中的“addresses how countries such as Japan,R.O.Korea and China have continued to achieve high growth”可知,How Asia Works 主要介紹了一些亞洲國家如日本、韓國和中國是如何快速發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)的,故D項(xiàng)正確。BAs an elementary school student in New York City,Robert Lee would stare in disbelief at his classmates throwing away half-eaten sandwiches after lunch.His Korean immigrant parents had taught him and his older brother not to waste food.While studying finance and accounting at New York University,Robert remembered this lesson and joined Two Birds One Stone,a food-rescue club on campus that delivered,five days a week,uneaten pasta,vegetables,and other leftovers from the dining hall to nearby homeless shelters.When Robert and fellow club member Louisa Chen entered a college entrepreneurship(創(chuàng)業(yè)) contest,they proposed a slightly different idea for a food-rescue nonprofit group:Their program wouldnt have a donation minimum (meaning they would gladly pick up one bag of leftover bagels or a single pot of soup),would operate seven days a week,and would be run entirely by volunteers.Their idea won the competition.With the $1,000 prize,they founded Rescuing Leftover Cuisine (RLC) in July 2013.In just the first few weeks,Roberts team delivered a donation of enough spaghetti and meatballs to feed 20 people in line at a New York City homeless shelter that had run out of food.Robert,who had taken a job at J.P.Morgan,devoted his spare time to creating a network of New York City restaurants that agreed to donate food,and he found volunteers to make food deliveries to homeless shelters.After RLC received national press attention,homeless shelters and soup kitchens in Portland,Oregon,Washington,D.C. and other cities reached out to Robert for partnership advice.To date,RLC has distributed more than 250,000 pounds of food in 12 cities around the country.Only a year into his finance job,Robert gave up his six-figure salary to focus on RLC.“I compared one hour of impact at J.P.Morgan to one hour at RLC,and the difference was just huge,” he says.Hes now the groups only full-time employee.“One shelter recently told us that our donations allow them to provide entire dinners for more than 300 people,three nights a week,” Robert says.“Things like that make me glad so I quit my job.”5.Which of the following statements about RLC is NOT true?A.It became successful immediately.B.It has attracted nationwide attention.C.It was started from a food-rescue club.D.It delivers food to shelters by volunteers.6.Where did Robert get the money to found RLC?A.He saved money in college.B.He won the prize at a competition.C.He borrowed money from his friendD.He received donations from restaurants.7.Why did Robert quit his job at J.P.Morgan?A.He couldnt make as much money as he hoped.B.The job at J.P.Morgan takes too much of his time.C.RLC needs a full-time employee to develop its business.D.Working for RLC is more meaningful than for J.P.Morgan8.According to Robert,which of the following words best describes the job at RLC?A.rewarding B.surprisingC.tiringD.exciting語篇解讀:這是一篇記敘文。全文介紹美國一個(gè)24歲的年輕人辭去六位數(shù)年薪的工作,通過自己的機(jī)構(gòu)和網(wǎng)絡(luò),從各大餐館募集食物送給那些無家可歸的人。答案及剖析:5.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段內(nèi)容After RLC received national press attention,homeless shelters and soup kitchens in Portland.可知RLC受到的是全國媒體的關(guān)注而不是B項(xiàng)中所說的全國的關(guān)注,故選B。6.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段內(nèi)容With the $1,000 prize,they founded Rescuing Leftover Cuisine (RLC) in July 2013.可知建立RLC的資金來自于他們參賽獲得的獎(jiǎng)金,故選B。7.D推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段內(nèi)容“I compared one hour of impact at J.P.Morgan to one hour at RLC,and the difference was just huge,”可推斷他放棄六位數(shù)工資的工作專注RLC,是因?yàn)樗J(rèn)為RLC的工作更有意義。故選D。8.A推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的內(nèi)容“One shelter recently told us that our donations allow them to provide entire dinners for more than 300 people,three nights a week,” Robert says.“Things like that make me glad so I quit my job.”一個(gè)收容所最近告訴我們,我們的捐贈(zèng)能讓他們給300多人提供一星期三次的晚餐,那樣的事情讓我覺得辭去工作也是很快樂的?？赏茢郣obert認(rèn)為RLC的工作是值得的,故選A。.語法填空(2018青島檢測)Seeing the Great Wall The Great Wall 1. (snake) more than 6,000 kilometers.First built to keep out invaders,it is now a popular tourist 2. (attract). Badaling is the most famous of the five sections 3. lie near Beijing and can be accessed 4. (easy).About two hours away by bus lies Jinshanling.This well-preserved section of the wall has not been repaired since 1570!If youre looking for a 5. (peace) walk and amazing views,this is the spot 6. (visit).About six kilometers from Jiayuguan city in Gansu Province,you can visit Jiayuguan.It was the starting place for the section of the Great Wall 7. (build) during the Ming Dynasty.This pass is the best preserved 8. the Great Wall military forts (軍事要塞).The eastern end of the Great Wall is Shanhaiguan in Hebei Province.The east tower of the Shanhai Pass is called the First Pass Under Heaven.Stand near the tower to see the roaring sea on one side and the Great Wall on the 9. Wherever you choose to visit the Great Wall,you will be 10. (amaze).It is like no other structure on Earth. 答案及剖析:1.snakes此處snake用作動(dòng)詞,意為“蜿蜒前行,迂回前進(jìn)”;由全文時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)可知,此處也應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí);主語The Great Wall 為第三人稱單數(shù)。故填snakes。2.attraction名詞短語tourist attraction意為“旅游勝地”,為固定搭配。故填attraction。3.which/that分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空格處引導(dǎo)定語從句,指代先行詞five sections,并在從句中作主語。故填which/that。4.easily此處應(yīng)用其副詞形式作狀語,修飾謂語動(dòng)詞。故填easily。5.peaceful根據(jù)語境和空格前面的不定冠詞a可知,walk是名詞,表示“步行”,所以前面應(yīng)用形容詞peaceful(意為“安靜的”)作定語,修飾名詞walk。故填peaceful。6.to visit此處用動(dòng)詞不定式作后置定語,修飾前面的名詞spot。故填to visit。7.builtbuild與the section of the Great Wall之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,再根據(jù)表示過去的時(shí)間狀語“during the Ming Dynasty”可知,應(yīng)用過去分詞形式作后置定語,表示被動(dòng)和完成。故填built。8.of/among根據(jù)空格前面的最高級best可知,應(yīng)用介詞of或among表示和最高級連用的范圍,表達(dá)“這個(gè)關(guān)口是長城軍事要塞中保存得最完好的”。故填of/among。9.otheron one side.on the other (side)意為“在一邊在另一邊”,為固定搭配。故填other。10.amazed此處amazed用作形容詞,表示“驚奇的,吃驚的”,指人的心理狀態(tài)。故填amazed。.書面表達(dá)(2018長沙一模)假定你是李華,在一個(gè)英文網(wǎng)絡(luò)論壇上,你看到一個(gè)名叫Mike的中學(xué)生發(fā)貼(post)尋求幫助。請根據(jù)帖子內(nèi)容、寫作要點(diǎn)和要求回帖。Hi,everyone,Im 18 years old and Im going to a university in Beijing this autumn.My parents insist on going with me to help me with my daily life.But I think I can manage it all by myself.How can I make them change their ideas?寫作要點(diǎn):1.告訴Mike要理解父母;2.給Mike提出解決問題的具體建議。注意:1.詞數(shù)100左右(不含已寫好的部分);2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié),以使行文連貫。Hi,Mike,As a student of your age,I understand your situation.   Yours sincerely,Li HuaOne possible version:Hi,Mike,As a student of your age,I understand your situation. I think it is wise of you to go all by yourself.But youd better avoid hurting the feelings of your parents.Here are some of my suggestions.As your parents,they may have many reasons to go with you.This is your first time to be far away from home for so long,and they surely have some worries and wish to see everything go well.So have a talk with them peacefully and listen patiently.And then,express your thanks for all their love and care.Tell them you can manage everything well this time just as you did many times in the past.Remember to invite them to Beijing when you have already settled down.I am sure they will understand you and take your idea into consideration.All the best.Yours sincerely,Li Hua8