Section Grammar對應(yīng)學(xué)生用書P7基礎(chǔ)題單句語法填空1If I _ (be) in your position, I would do the same.答案：were2(2017·北京高考)If the new safety system _ (put) to use, the accident would never have happened.答案：had been put3_ he come tomorrow, I would give him the dictionary.答案：Should4He wishes he _ (become) a scientist someday.答案：could become5If you came tomorrow, we _ (have) the meeting.答案：would/could/should have6He ordered that the clothes _ (wash) every week by themselves.答案：(should) be washed7Ellen is a fantastic dancer. I wish I _(dance) as well as her.答案：danced8The committee members agreed to the suggestion that the issue _ (put) to immediate voting.答案：(should) be put9George is going to talk about the geography of his country, but I'd rather he _ (focus) more on its culture.答案：focused10(2017·江蘇高考)_ (be) it not for the support of the teachers, the student could not overcome her difficulty.答案：Were單句改錯(cuò)1If you are me, would you talk to them?_答案：arewere2We would be grateful when you could join them that day._答案：whenif3How I wish I can swim!_答案：cancould4If our train arrived on time, we have time to visit your sister._答案：have前加would5If I have plenty of time, I would visit many places of interest here._答案：havehad能力題閱讀理解A(2018·綿陽市高中第一次診斷性考試)German artist HA Schult is an unusual artist who uses trash (廢物) to make sculptures. “We are living in the time of garbage，” says Schult. “I created a thousand sculptures of garbage. They are a mirror of ourselves.” Here, Schult was talking about his 1,000 trash sculptures in the form of humans. He first exhibited them in 1996 in the western German state of North Rhine­Westphalia.“They are social sculptures，” he explains. “They are not only sculptures for the eyes. They are sculptures to spread the idea that we live in a time of garbage.” So far, Schult's social sculptures have been on show in Paris, in Moscow's Red Square, on the Great Wall of China, and in the desert next to the Pyramids of Giza near Cairo.HA Schult's work is unforgettable. Although his work has had a big influence on the art world, Schult remains modest about his creations: “Artists have to learn every time. We are not important. All that counts is the time in which we are living.”Trash art has been around for years. But it seems that only the popular artists are regarded as true artists when working with trash. Why can't common people be considered artists when they use the same things and change them into some form of personal art? Maybe it's because we all have our own preset ideas of what art is and isn't, or whom artists are or should be. You can be an artist like Schult if you try. Look at used metal cans. What might be done with them? Imagine them in any number of new uses, or imagine them simply as an art form. What about boxes or clothing? Boxes can usually serve as new storage containers and houses for pets. And clothing? Imagine taking old clothes and turning them into hats or hanging organizers.1What do we know about Schult's sculptures?AThey served as garbage containers.BThey reflected environmental issues.CThey were first shown in Paris, France.DThey were to raise economic awareness.答案：B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“They are sculptures to spread the idea that we live in a time of garbage.”可知，Schult的作品反映了環(huán)境問題，故選B。2HA Schult's artistic works also get the message across that an artist must _.Abe socially responsibleBbe as modest as possibleCmake garbage recyclableDtake diverse artistic forms答案：A推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句“All that counts is the time in which we are living.”和第二段的整體內(nèi)容可推知，Schult的作品同樣傳遞了這樣一個(gè)思想，即藝術(shù)家除了自己的藝術(shù)追求之外，也應(yīng)該有社會責(zé)任感，故選A。3According to the last two paragraphs, the author probably agrees that _.Ait takes talent to be a trash artistBpreset ideas are important to artistsCtrash art can't be seen as a real art formDaverage people can also make trash artists答案：D推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句“You can be an artist like Schult if you try.”可推知，作者認(rèn)為普通人也可以利用周圍的廢物或者垃圾而成為一位藝術(shù)家，故選D。4Which of the following is the best title for the text?ACould You Be a Trash Artist?BWhat Are Social Sculptures?CDo You Know about Trash Art?DHow Can We Deal With Used Cans?答案：A標(biāo)題判斷題。文章最后一段第一句“You can be an artist like Schult if you try.”點(diǎn)題，再結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可推知，本文主要通過講述一位藝術(shù)家利用垃圾創(chuàng)造藝術(shù)作品的故事，激勵(lì)人們行動(dòng)起來，為環(huán)保做貢獻(xiàn)，人人都可以成為一位藝術(shù)家，故A項(xiàng)最適合做文章標(biāo)題。BThe meaning of the term “graffiti” (涂鴉) simply isdrawings or words scribbled or scratched on a wall.The art of drawing graffiti began making its way on public walls in the latter part of the 1960s. However, graffiti has existed long before, with the ancient cave paintings dating back 40,000 years. And of course, right from those times, drawing has always been a means of human beings' deep desire to communicate.Although graffiti began in the 1960s, the period between 19711974 is generally regarded as the era when most of the pioneering work in graffiti was done, since this was the time when this form of art began spreading and getting publicity. For some of the youth of that time, it was a way of rebelling against a society they thought unjust.However, for others, these graffiti characters were simply a pleasurable means of expressing their creativity, just as a unique art form. It was during 1975 to 1977 that the art of drawing graffiti reached its peak, with standards of drawing graffiti letters being established.However, as the 1970s slipped into the 1980s, being a graffiti artist became more challenging, as the authorities began banning harder on drawing graffiti, since it was considered vandalism (故意破壞公共財(cái)物罪), as most of the graffiti was made by gangsters (匪徒), who were young and usually poor. This was known as the “die hard era”， as graffiti culture withdrew under cover.Today's graffiti culture is referred to as the “clean train era”， as many graffiti artists are taking their art from the subway walls and the insides of trains and cars into studios and galleries, with the establishment increasingly viewing it as a genuine art form. Hence these days some cities have provided particular areas for graffiti artists where they are allowed to display their art.5Some young people drew graffiti in the early 1970s to _.Aexpress their anger over societyBshow their artistic talentCmake themselves knownDmake fun of government officials答案：A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從文章第三段最后一句可知，有些年輕人把涂鴉當(dāng)作表達(dá)自己對社會不公的一種發(fā)泄手段。6It was challenging for one to be a graffiti artist in the 1980s because _. Agangsters hung out in the streets Bnot much space was provided Cthere were too many poor young people then Dgraffiti was considered something harmful答案：D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從文章倒數(shù)第二段可知，在上世紀(jì)80年代，涂鴉被認(rèn)為是破壞公物，因此受到政府的打壓。7What do we know about graffiti artists today? AThey are regarded as real artists. BThey live a harder life. CThey are still looked down upon. DThey are allowed to paint anywhere.答案：A推理判斷題。從文章最后一段可知，當(dāng)今，涂鴉被當(dāng)作一種真正的藝術(shù)形式，受到政府的鼓勵(lì)，由此可知A項(xiàng)正確。8What is the text mainly about? AGraffiti artists and their works. BThe past and present of graffiti. CFamous graffiti artists. DThe popularity of graffiti.答案：B主旨大意題。綜合全文可知，文章主要介紹了涂鴉的發(fā)展歷史和現(xiàn)狀。故B項(xiàng)最能概括文章的內(nèi)容。語法填空In much of Asia, especially the so­called “rice bowl” cultures of China, Japan, Korea, _1_ Vietnam, food is usually eaten with chopsticks.Chopsticks are usually two long, thin pieces of wood or bamboo. They can also be made of plastic, animal bone or metal. Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic. Truly elegant chopsticks might _2_ (make) of gold and silver with Chinese characters. Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal _3_ (create) special designs.The Chinese have used chopsticks for five thousand years. People probably cooked their food in large pots, _4_ (use) twigs (樹枝) to remove it. Over time, _5_ the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly. Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which _6_ (gradual) turned into chopsticks.Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, _7_ lived from roughly 551 to 479 BC, influenced the _8_ (develop) of chopsticks. Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and _9_ (be) too violent for use at the table.Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia. In India, for example, most people traditionally eat _10_ their hands. 1_2._3._4._5_6._7._8._9_10._1and考查連詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)及語境可知，Vietnam與空格前的“China, Japan, Korea”之間是并列關(guān)系。故填并列連詞and。2be made考查動(dòng)詞的語態(tài)。此處指真正雅致的筷子可能是由金和銀做成的。根據(jù)句子主語chopsticks與make之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系及空格前的“might”可知，此處應(yīng)填be made。3to create考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：工藝精湛的工人也會把各種各樣的硬木和金屬組合起來以創(chuàng)作獨(dú)特的設(shè)計(jì)。根據(jù)句意可知，此處應(yīng)用不定式作目的狀語。4using考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。use與其主語people之間是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系。故此處用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語。5as/when考查狀語從句的連接詞。句意：隨著人口的增長或當(dāng)人口增長時(shí)，人們開始把食物切成小片。根據(jù)句意和句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處引導(dǎo)狀語從句，表示“隨著”或“當(dāng)時(shí)”。故填as或when。6gradually考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。應(yīng)用副詞修飾動(dòng)詞短語turned into，故填gradually。7who考查定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處在此引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，先行詞為Confucius，且關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語。故填who。8development考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。根據(jù)空格前的“the”及空格后的“of”可知，此處應(yīng)填名詞development。9were考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。根據(jù)句中的“believed”可知，此處描述的是過去的情況，應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)；從句主語為knives，謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)。故填were。10with考查介詞。此處指大部分人用手吃飯。故填with。8