專題10 特殊句式The little boy came riding full speed down the motorway on his bicycle. _ dangerous a scene it was! （單句語(yǔ)法填空）【錯(cuò)因分析】混淆what引導(dǎo)的感嘆句和how引導(dǎo)的感嘆句?！驹囶}解析】句意：那個(gè)小男孩騎著自行車沿著機(jī)動(dòng)車道全速而來(lái)。多危險(xiǎn)的一幕??！本題考查感嘆句。感嘆句分為：How + 形容詞 + a/an + 可數(shù)名詞單數(shù) + 主語(yǔ) + 謂語(yǔ)；What（+a/an）+形容詞+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞/復(fù)數(shù)名詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)。【參考答案】How用來(lái)表示說(shuō)話人強(qiáng)烈的喜、怒、哀、樂(lè)等感情的句子，叫感嘆句。感嘆句由what或how引導(dǎo)，具體用法如下表：類別結(jié)構(gòu)例句what引導(dǎo)What + a/an + 形容詞 + 單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞（+ 主語(yǔ) + 謂語(yǔ)）!What a kind girl (she is)! （她是）一個(gè)多么善良的女孩??！What + 形容詞 + 復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞/不可數(shù)名詞（+ 主語(yǔ) + 謂語(yǔ)）!What beautiful flowers (they are)! 多么漂亮的花！What bad weather (it is)! 多么糟糕的天氣！how引導(dǎo)How + 主語(yǔ) + 謂語(yǔ)!How time flies! 時(shí)間飛逝！How + 形容詞/副詞（+ 主語(yǔ) + 謂語(yǔ)）!How brave (the hero is)!（這個(gè)英雄）真勇敢！How slowly he walks! 他走得多慢?。ow + 形容詞 + a/an + 單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞（+ 主語(yǔ) + 謂語(yǔ)）!How clever (a boy he is)! （他是）一個(gè)多么聰明的男孩??！感嘆句記憶口訣感嘆句，并不難，what與how應(yīng)在前。形容詞、副詞跟著how，what后面名詞連。名詞若是可數(shù)單，前帶冠詞a或an。主語(yǔ)、謂語(yǔ)放后面，省略它們也常見(jiàn)1. _ exciting news! Weve never had _ long vacation before. A. What; such aB. What an; such aC. How; such aD. What; so【答案】A【解析】句意：多么令人興奮的消息！以前我們從來(lái)沒(méi)有這么長(zhǎng)的假期。此題考查What + adj. + 名詞! 和such a + adj. + 名詞結(jié)構(gòu)。故選A。2. Look! _ clean the classroom looks! Yes. Im sure somebody _ it up. A. What; has cleanedB. How; has cleanedC. What; cleanedD. How; cleaned【答案】B【解析】句意：看！教室看起來(lái)多么干凈??！是啊。我確定有人已經(jīng)打掃了。前一句修飾形容詞clean，應(yīng)用how，排除A、C兩項(xiàng)；有人打掃才會(huì)干凈，側(cè)重對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響，用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，故選B。It could be anything gardening, cooking, music, sports but whatever it is, _ (make) sure its a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about.【試題解析】考查祈使句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，but連接兩個(gè)并列分句。其中第二個(gè)分句中，whatever引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，其后為祈使句充當(dāng)主句?！緟⒖即鸢浮縨ake祈使句的基本用法祈使句是用來(lái)表示命令、請(qǐng)求、建議或勸告等的句子。常省略主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用原形。1. 肯定的祈使句句型：動(dòng)詞原形其他成分。Be careful!小心！Do祈使句表示一種強(qiáng)烈的感情或請(qǐng)求，do起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用。please用在祈使句中可以表示一種客氣的語(yǔ)氣，但please用在句末時(shí)，必須用逗號(hào)與其余部分隔開(kāi)。Close the door, please. 請(qǐng)關(guān)門。2. 否定的祈使句常用句型：Dont動(dòng)詞原形其他成分。Dont be late for school again! 別再遲到了！用Never開(kāi)頭：Never動(dòng)詞原形其他成分。Never leave todays work for tomorrow! 不要把今天的工作留到明天！3. Let引導(dǎo)的祈使句以Let開(kāi)頭的句子也是祈使句，表示陳述和建議。其否定形式有兩種：Let.not或Dont. Let us not be late. 讓我們不要遲到。Dont let the boy play football in the street. 不要讓這個(gè)男孩在街上踢足球。祈使句與簡(jiǎn)單句、復(fù)合句之間的轉(zhuǎn)換1. Lets + 動(dòng)詞原形 + 其他可轉(zhuǎn)換為Shall we + 動(dòng)詞原形 + 其他? 。Lets go fishing this afternoon. =Shall we go fishing this afternoon? 2. 祈使句 + and/or + 簡(jiǎn)單句可轉(zhuǎn)換為含if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句。Use your head, and youll find a way. =If you use your head, youll find a way. Hurry up, or well be late. =If we dont hurry up, well be late. 祈使句的應(yīng)答語(yǔ)1. 以Lets開(kāi)頭的祈使句，其答語(yǔ)常用Good idea. /OK. /Yes, Id love to.等。Lets go to the park. 讓我們?nèi)ス珗@吧。Good idea. 好主意。2. 其他肯定祈使句的應(yīng)答語(yǔ)為Yes, I will.；否定祈使句的應(yīng)答語(yǔ)為Sorry/No, I wont(do it again).。Its going to rain. Remember to take an umbrella with you. 就要下雨了。記著帶上雨傘。Thanks, I will. 謝謝，我會(huì)的。Dont play with my cat. 不要和我的貓玩。Sorry, I wont do it again. 對(duì)不起，我將不再那樣做了。1.（2018·北京卷·單項(xiàng)填空）In any unsafe situation, simply _ the button and a highly-trained agent will get you the help you need.A. press B. to press C. pressing D. pressed【答案】A【解析】考查祈使句。句意：在任何不安全的情況下，僅僅摁一下這個(gè)按鈕，一個(gè)訓(xùn)練有素的特工就會(huì)使你得到你需要的幫助。and是連詞，連接并列結(jié)構(gòu)，and后面是一個(gè)句子，那么，前面也應(yīng)是句子，選項(xiàng)中只有動(dòng)詞原形可以構(gòu)成祈使句，其余的都是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，無(wú)法構(gòu)成句子。故A選項(xiàng)正確。2. Mark, please dont play basketball on the road. Its very dangerous._. I am going home at once.A. Have a great timeB. Sorry, I wont do thatC. Id like toD. OK, with pleasure【答案】B【解析】對(duì)今后不要做某事的命令或請(qǐng)求表示接受時(shí)，回答要用否定的將來(lái)時(shí)。3. _ buy your ticket from a ticket machine. There are lots of people there. A. NotB. Not tooC. DontD. Dont to【答案】C【解析】祈使句的否定形式是在句子前面加dont，故選C。4. Look at the sign; what does it mean?It means_.A. Dont talkingB. No talkingC. Not talk【解析】表示不要說(shuō)話可以使用Dont talk. 或No talking. 兩種形式，因此選B項(xiàng)?！敬鸢浮緽5. _ a dairy every day and youll improve your writing.A. KeepingB. To keepC. KeepD. If you keep【答案】C【解析】句意：每天記日記，那么你將會(huì)提高你的寫作水平。祈使句(動(dòng)詞原形居首) + and you will. 意為做，你就會(huì)。故選C。6. Wish you good luck in the entrance exam. _. The same to you. A. Thank youB. See youC. Im sorry to hear that【答案】A【解析】對(duì)別人的美好祝愿應(yīng)表示感謝。故選A。1. Only with the greatest luck she managed to escape from the rising flood water. （單句改錯(cuò)）【錯(cuò)因分析】only修飾的狀語(yǔ)位于句首時(shí)，句子要用部分倒裝?！驹囶}解析】句意：只有擁有極好的運(yùn)氣，她才能從不斷上漲的洪水中逃出來(lái)。only位于句首，后接狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，句子要用部分倒裝?！緟⒖即鸢浮縮he managed改為did she manage2. Jane wont join us for dinner tonight and neither is Tom. （單句改錯(cuò)）【錯(cuò)因分析】對(duì)neither+助動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)構(gòu)成的部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)的用法掌握不牢?！驹囶}解析】句意：簡(jiǎn)今晚不跟我們一起吃飯了，湯姆也不來(lái)了。前者的否定情況也適用于后者，用neither/nor+助動(dòng)詞/be 動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)，前后兩句的時(shí)態(tài)及謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須一致?！緟⒖即鸢浮縤s Tom改為will Tom3. _（catch）the morning train, he would not have been late for the meeting.（單句語(yǔ)法填空）【錯(cuò)因分析】從句未使用部分倒裝【試題解析】本題實(shí)際上是一個(gè)條件句的虛擬語(yǔ)氣，表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反，從句中使用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，主句使用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have done；當(dāng)條件句中的if省略的時(shí)候，要把had提到主語(yǔ)前，構(gòu)成部分倒裝?！緟⒖即鸢浮縃ad he caught倒裝句的種類英語(yǔ)最基本的詞序是主語(yǔ)在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的前面。如果將句子的主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)完全顛倒過(guò)來(lái)，這稱之為完全倒裝。如果只將助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞移至主語(yǔ)之前，謂語(yǔ)的其他部分仍保留在主語(yǔ)的后面，這叫做部分倒裝。(1)完全倒裝完全倒裝是將謂語(yǔ)的全部放在主語(yǔ)之前，此結(jié)構(gòu)通常只用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)兩種。On her left sat her husband. 她左邊坐著她丈夫。Here is the book you want. 你要的書在這兒。Down went the small boat. 小船沉下去了。(2)部分倒裝部分倒裝是指將謂語(yǔ)的一部分，如助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，移至主語(yǔ)之前。Only by working hard can one succeed. 只有努力才能成功。Never have I seen her before. 我以前沒(méi)見(jiàn)過(guò)她。Well do I remember the day I joined the League. 入團(tuán)的那一天，我記憶猶新。Little did I think that he could be back alive 我沒(méi)有想到他竟能活著回來(lái)。倒裝句的重點(diǎn)點(diǎn)擊1. 常見(jiàn)部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)含有否定意義的否定詞或半否定詞包括短語(yǔ)(如never, neither, nor, little, seldom, rarely, hardly, scarcely, few, not, no, by no means, in no way, at no time等)放在句首時(shí)2. 常見(jiàn)完全倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)There be結(jié)構(gòu)。另外，在此結(jié)構(gòu)中可以用來(lái)代替be動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)詞有：exist, seem, happen, appear, live, rise, stand, remain等Neither/nor引導(dǎo)的句子用倒裝語(yǔ)序，用于對(duì)前面所說(shuō)的否定內(nèi)容表示同樣的看法。She wont go. Neither/Nor will I. 她不走，我也不。I cannot swim. Neither can he. 我不會(huì)游泳，他也不會(huì)。注意：如果前面所說(shuō)的內(nèi)容既有肯定又有否定，或前后的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式不一致時(shí)，用It is the same with +主語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)或用So it is with +主語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)。He worked hard, but didnt pass the exam. So it was with his sister. 他很努力，但沒(méi)有通過(guò)考試。他妹妹也是這樣。(既有肯定又有否定)She is a teacher and she enjoys teaching. So it is with Mr Li. 她是老師，熱愛(ài)教書。李先生也是這樣。(謂語(yǔ)一個(gè)是系動(dòng)詞，一個(gè)是行為動(dòng)詞)其它形式的完全倒裝Present at the meeting are some well-known scientists. 一些知名的科學(xué)家出席了會(huì)議。(形容詞短語(yǔ)在句首)Such was the story he told me. 他給我講的故事就是這樣的。(代詞在句首)First to unfold was the map of the world. 首先要打開(kāi)的是世界地圖。(不定式短語(yǔ)在句首)Gone are the days when he was looked down upon. 他被人看不起的日子一去不復(fù)返了。(過(guò)去分詞在句首)Covering much of the earths surface is a blanket of water. 覆蓋地球大部分表面的是水。(現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)在句首)倒裝句速記口訣副詞開(kāi)頭要例裝，人稱代詞則如常。only修飾副介狀，位于句首半倒裝。否定意義副連詞，既不也不須倒裝。表語(yǔ)前置主語(yǔ)長(zhǎng)，銜接自然常倒裝。such代詞做表語(yǔ)，引起主謂要倒裝。Not only開(kāi)頭句，前一分句須倒裝。had，were，should虛擬句，省略if半倒裝。1. I believe that when the power of love overcomes the love of power, _ then will there be peace in this world.【解析】考查only+狀語(yǔ)+倒裝句結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：我相信，當(dāng)愛(ài)的力量戰(zhàn)勝了權(quán)勢(shì)之爭(zhēng)，只有那時(shí)這個(gè)世界上才會(huì)有和平?！敬鸢浮縪nly2. Only after Mary read her essay the second time _ she notice the spelling mistake.【解析】句意：只有當(dāng)瑪麗第二次讀文章時(shí)，她才注意到拼寫錯(cuò)誤。Only的倒裝有兩個(gè)條件：only放在句首，且強(qiáng)調(diào)的是狀語(yǔ)。本題中only放在了句首，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句after Mary read her essay the second time，所以后面使用倒裝句的形式；根據(jù)上文的read說(shuō)明本句使用過(guò)去時(shí)，故答案是did?！敬鸢浮縟id3. Never _ it realistic for Europe to lay too much hope on China since the debt problem will only be solved by European countries themselves.【解析】句意：對(duì)于歐洲而言從來(lái)沒(méi)有把太多的希望放在中國(guó)，這是現(xiàn)實(shí)的，因?yàn)閭鶆?wù)問(wèn)題將只能由歐洲國(guó)家自己來(lái)解決。否定詞never放在句首，后面使用倒裝句?！敬鸢浮縤s4. Only after one has become a parent _ he realize how great his parents are.【解析】句意：只有一個(gè)人為人父母后，他才知道他的父母多么的偉大。Only狀語(yǔ)從句放在句首的時(shí)候，后面的句子用部分倒裝，助動(dòng)詞/be動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞放在主語(yǔ)前面，所以答案為will?！敬鸢浮縲ill5. He jumped at the opportunity when he saw the advertisement in a newspaper, because barely _ (can) he make ends meet.【解析】句意：因?yàn)槿氩环蟪?，?dāng)他在報(bào)紙上看到這則廣告時(shí)抓住了機(jī)會(huì)。否定副詞barely位于從句句首時(shí)句子要進(jìn)行部分倒裝，將助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或系動(dòng)詞be等置于主語(yǔ)前，再結(jié)合句意可知，答案為could?！敬鸢浮縞ould6. Its not what you have in your life but _ you have in your life that matters.【解析】考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的用法。句意：重要的不是你在生活中擁有什么而是你擁有誰(shuí)。題干中not what you have in your life but _ you have in your life是強(qiáng)調(diào)句中的被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分，根據(jù)前者的what，判斷but后的從句中缺少have的賓語(yǔ)?！敬鸢浮縲ho7. Who was it _ played a trick on the new English teacher?【解析】句意：是誰(shuí)捉弄了新來(lái)的英語(yǔ)教師？考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句。Who was it that.?為強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)的特殊疑問(wèn)句形式，意為究竟是誰(shuí)？?！敬鸢浮縯hat8. It was what he meant rather than what he said _ annoyed me.【解析】句意：是他話里的意思而不是他說(shuō)的話把我惹惱了?？疾閺?qiáng)調(diào)句。強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)what he meant rather than what he said?！敬鸢浮縯hat9. Was it at 11 oclock _ your father came back last night?Yes, he is always coming back so late.【解析】句意：你爸爸昨晚是11點(diǎn)回來(lái)的嗎？是的，他總是這么晚回來(lái)。此題考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句。被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分是at 11 oclock，故填that?！敬鸢浮縯hat10. What do you think it is _ has brought worldwide attention to China?Rapid and steady economic growth, of course.【解析】句意：你認(rèn)為是什么使得全世界關(guān)注中國(guó)？當(dāng)然是快速而穩(wěn)定的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)。本句考查作賓語(yǔ)的強(qiáng)調(diào)句且強(qiáng)調(diào)句用于特殊疑問(wèn)句中，被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分為what，故本空應(yīng)填that?！敬鸢浮縯hat11. So touching _ the song sound that I couldnt hold my tears back when I heard it for the first time. （單句語(yǔ)法填空）【解析】當(dāng)so+形容詞置于句首時(shí)，句子應(yīng)用部分倒裝；根據(jù)從句時(shí)態(tài)可知，應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，故填助動(dòng)詞did?！敬鸢浮縟id1. It was when we were returning home _ I realized what a good feeling it was to have helped someone in trouble.【錯(cuò)因分析】考生容易忽視強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的考查點(diǎn)，從而填入其他連接詞。【試題解析】去掉It was和空格后仍然完整，據(jù)此判斷此處為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。句意：正是在我們回家的時(shí)候我才意識(shí)到幫助別人于危難之時(shí)的感覺(jué)是那么好?！緟⒖即鸢浮縯hat強(qiáng)調(diào)句的兩種基本句型1. Itis/was被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分that原句的剩余部分被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分可以是單詞、短語(yǔ)，也可以是從句，但結(jié)構(gòu)必須完整。被強(qiáng)調(diào)的成分可以是主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)，但不能是定語(yǔ)或謂語(yǔ)。表示強(qiáng)調(diào)的it在這種結(jié)構(gòu)的句子中作主句的主語(yǔ)，it本身沒(méi)有詞義。一般講，原句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞如果是現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)等各種時(shí)態(tài)，用It isthat；如果原句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是過(guò)去范疇的各種時(shí)態(tài)，則用It was that。如果強(qiáng)調(diào)的主語(yǔ)為人也可以用who代替that，強(qiáng)調(diào)的賓語(yǔ)為人也可以用who或whom代替that。2. 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的強(qiáng)調(diào)It is/ was that 結(jié)構(gòu)不能強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語(yǔ)，如果需要強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語(yǔ)時(shí)，要用助動(dòng)詞do/does或did。有以下情況：(1)do用于強(qiáng)調(diào)肯定的祈使句以及實(shí)義動(dòng)詞為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的肯定句(主語(yǔ)是第三人稱單數(shù)改用does)Do sit down.務(wù)必請(qǐng)坐。Do be careful when you cross the street. 過(guò)馬路時(shí)，務(wù)必(千萬(wàn))要小心??！They do work hard at English. 他們對(duì)英語(yǔ)的學(xué)習(xí)確實(shí)很努力。He does send an email to me every day. 他確實(shí)每天都給我發(fā)電子郵件。(2)did用于對(duì)實(shí)義動(dòng)詞為一般過(guò)去時(shí)肯定句的強(qiáng)調(diào)He did do his homework yesterday. 昨天他確實(shí)做了家庭作業(yè)。強(qiáng)調(diào)句的重點(diǎn)點(diǎn)擊1. 強(qiáng)調(diào)句的變式(一般疑問(wèn)句形式，特殊疑問(wèn)句形式和反意疑問(wèn)句形式)句式基本特征：Is/Was it +被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+ that；或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+it+ be+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+ that句式基本特征：特殊疑問(wèn)詞+is/was it that? 或特殊疑問(wèn)詞+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+it + be+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+ that句式基本特征：It is/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that, isnt / wasnt it?2. 強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中的對(duì)等結(jié)構(gòu) 在強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中，有時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)，not but/not/rather than 等連接的平行對(duì)等結(jié)構(gòu)，此時(shí)既要注重對(duì)等結(jié)構(gòu)，又要注意主謂一致，屬于較復(fù)雜的句式。 句式特征為：It is/was notbutthat不是而是(that后的動(dòng)詞與but后的名詞或代詞保持一致) It is/wasthat not 是而不是 It is /was not that是而不是(that后的動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與not前的名詞或代詞保持一致) It is/wasrather thanthat是而不是(that后的動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與rather than前的名詞或代詞保持一致)1.（2018·天津卷·單項(xiàng)填空）It was only when the car pulled up in front of our house _we saw Lily in the passenger seat.A. which B. thatC. when D. where【答案】B【解析】考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句。句意：只有當(dāng)汽車在我們房子前停下來(lái)我們才看到在乘客位置的莉莉。這里考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句，強(qiáng)調(diào)句型結(jié)構(gòu)為：It is/ was + 被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分(通常是主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ))+ that/ who(當(dāng)強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)且主語(yǔ)指人)+ 其他部分。本題強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)only when the car pulled up in front of our house。故選B。2. It might have been John _ bought a present for Mary yesterday. A. that B. when C. what D. which【答案】A【解析】此句為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，由于句中動(dòng)詞be采用了might have been這一復(fù)雜結(jié)構(gòu)，所以許多同學(xué)們可能會(huì)看不出它是一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。3. It was evening _ we reached the little town of Winchester. A. that B. until C. since D. before【答案】D【解析】有的考生一看到句首的it was，再聯(lián)系到選項(xiàng)中的that，就以為這是考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句。其實(shí)錯(cuò)了。此題是考查連詞before的用法。因?yàn)槿サ鬒t wasthat這一結(jié)構(gòu)后，原句不能成為一個(gè)完整的句子，所以這不是強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)。句意是：我們還沒(méi)有到達(dá)Winchester這個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)，天就夜了。4. It is not who is right but what is right _ is of importance. A. which B. it C. that D. this【答案】C【解析】考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，that是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的結(jié)構(gòu)詞，句意是重要的不是誰(shuí)正確，而是什么是正確的。5. It _ we had stayed together for a couple of weeks _ I found we had a lot in common. A. was until; when B. was until; thatC. wasnt until; when D. wasnt until; that【答案】D【解析】本題考查notuntil結(jié)構(gòu)的強(qiáng)調(diào)句式。在notuntil結(jié)構(gòu)中，如果對(duì)until及其后面的部分進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)，要將not一詞提前，形成It is/was not untilthat的結(jié)構(gòu)注意盡管強(qiáng)調(diào)的是時(shí)間，但不可以用when。6. It was not until she got home _ Jennifer realized she had lost her keys. A. when B. that C. where D. before【答案】B【解析】考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句中對(duì)not until的強(qiáng)調(diào)，是否能辨析出引導(dǎo)詞that.。7. _ the catastrophe happened that the local government realized the importance of substantial development. A. It was until B. Not untilC. Until D. It was not until【答案】D【解析】考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句中not until的用法.考查了It was not until the catastrophe happened that。8. Was it from the lake _ he often went fishing _ he saved the drowning girl? A. that; that B. where; whereC. where; that D. that; where【答案】C【解析】解答此題關(guān)鍵是能夠?qū)湫瓦M(jìn)行正確的分析和判斷。本題題干為一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句式，it was +被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that/who，lake后面是個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，由關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)，第二空才是強(qiáng)調(diào)句中的that。9. I really dont know _ I had my money stolen. A. when was it that B. that it was whenC. where it was that D. it was where that【答案】C【解析】強(qiáng)調(diào)句作know的賓語(yǔ)，語(yǔ)序應(yīng)為陳述句語(yǔ)序，被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分為where，但是強(qiáng)調(diào)句為賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，這類wh-連接代詞或副詞常置于it之前，作賓語(yǔ)從句的連接詞。10. If you have a job, _ yourself to it and finally youll succeed. A. do devote B. dont devoteC. devoting D. not devoting【答案】A【解析】此處應(yīng)是祈使句，又有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的強(qiáng)調(diào)要借助助動(dòng)詞do，故選A。句意：如果你有了一份工作，付出努力去做它，最后你定能成功。I. 語(yǔ)法填空1.（2019天津卷單項(xiàng)填空）The professor warned tie students that on no account _ use mobile phones in his class. A. should theyB. they should C. dare theyD. they dare【答案】A【解析】考查部分倒裝。句意：這位教授警告學(xué)生們，在他的課堂上，決不應(yīng)該使用手機(jī)。on no account決不，否定詞放在句首，句子使用部分倒裝， should do sth應(yīng)該做某事，dare do sth敢于做某事，根據(jù)句意可知這里表示“應(yīng)該”，故選A。2. Not until I returned I realize that a quiet town life was the best for me.【答案】did【解析】考查倒裝句。句意：直到回來(lái)，我才發(fā)現(xiàn)安靜的小鎮(zhèn)生活對(duì)我才是最好的。not until放在句首，后面的主句要倒裝。因?yàn)橹^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞realize，故要用助動(dòng)詞did并提到主語(yǔ)前面。3. It took years of work (reduce) industrial pollution and clean the water.【答案】to reduce【解析】考查固定表達(dá)。句意：減少工業(yè)污染和凈化污水需要多年的工作。這里是固定句式It takes (sb.)some time to do sth做某事花費(fèi)(某人)多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間，故要用動(dòng)詞不定式to reduce。4. It asks you to act like water: to be flexible as well strong.【答案】as【解析】考查固定表達(dá)。句意：它要求你表現(xiàn)的像水一樣靈活又有力。as well as和一樣。5. The (hard) you try to beat him, the more likely you will get hit.【答案】harder【解析】考查固定表達(dá)。句意：你越是努力擊敗他，就越可能被擊敗。此處為the比較級(jí)主謂，the比較級(jí)主謂的句型，表示越就越。6. Go to the village and buy some salt, but pay a fair price for it: neither too much too little.【答案】nor【解析】考查固定表達(dá)。既不要太貴也不要太便宜。neither .nor既不也不。7. They will be as difficult and painful holding a hot potato.【答案】as【解析】考查固定表達(dá)。他們將和拿著熱土豆一樣痛苦和困難。此處是as形容詞as表示的同級(jí)比較句型。8. He loved the 4th wife the most. He took great care of her and gave her nothing the best.【答案】but【解析】考查固定表達(dá)。他悉心照顧她，只給她最好的。nothing but只，僅僅。9. And Id like to know why Chinese people use chopsticks. not knives and forks, like Americans?【答案】Why【解析】考查固定表達(dá)。我想知道為什么中國(guó)人用筷子，為什么不像美國(guó)人一樣用刀叉呢？固定表達(dá)why not.為什么不呢？10. So long as we have some, thats enough. And we can learn to spend money.【答案】how【解析】考查固定表達(dá)。我們能學(xué)會(huì)如何花錢。learn后面跟的是疑問(wèn)詞to do結(jié)構(gòu)。11. Sometimes hunger hit me so severely I regarded dried sweet potato slices as delicious snack.【答案】that【解析】考查固定表達(dá)。有時(shí)候饑餓感是如此強(qiáng)烈以至于我都把土豆片當(dāng)作美味的點(diǎn)心。此處是結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句，so.that.結(jié)構(gòu)。12. No. And thats not all. The bus was one hour late. Worse , it picked up passengers on the way to our destination.【答案】still【解析】考查固定表達(dá)。worse still更糟糕的是。13. Its unnecessary and its not important at all. We neednt care about it. It is ones inner beauty matters.【答案】that【解析】考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。重要的是內(nèi)在美。根據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)可知此處是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型it is/was 被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分that/who 其他。此處強(qiáng)調(diào)的是主語(yǔ)ones inner beauty。14. Yes, but it is not as easy you imagine.【答案】as【解析】考查固定表達(dá)。not as.as 與不一樣。15. Chopsticks may be made of any of the following materials: bamboo, wood, gold, silver, ivory, or plastic, and they may be round or square.【答案】either【解析】考查固定表達(dá)。它們可能是圓形的也可能是方形的。either.or.或者或者。II. 單項(xiàng)填空1. _up, or you 'll be late for school again. A. To hurryB. Hurry C. HurryingD. Hurried【答案】B【解析】考查特殊句式。句意：快點(diǎn)，不然你又要遲到了。根據(jù)連詞or表示否則，要不然，連接兩個(gè)并列的句子可以判斷，本題考查特殊句式：祈使句+and/or+陳述句. 祈使句通常省略主語(yǔ)，以動(dòng)詞原形開(kāi)頭，只有B項(xiàng)符合，故選：B。2. the suggestions offered above, and you will look and feel much better in no time at all! A. FollowingB. Followed C. To followD. Follow【答案】D【解析】句意：聽(tīng)以上提供的建議吧，然后你就會(huì)馬上看起來(lái)好得多，也感覺(jué)好得多。"祈使句+and +陳述句"為固定句式，意為"做吧，然后你就會(huì)"，故選D。3. Happy Teachers' Day! Here are some flowers for you. _ beautiful the flowers are! Thank you. A. HowB. How aC. WhatD. What a【答案】A【解析】句意：教師節(jié)快樂(lè)！這些花送給你。多漂亮的花兒呀！謝謝！本題考查感嘆句。flowers是復(fù)數(shù)，排除B、D兩項(xiàng)；beautiful是形容詞，應(yīng)該用副詞來(lái)修飾，what是代詞，故選：A。4. _ useful information you gave me! Thank you very much. A. WhatB. What a C. What anD. How【答案】A【解析】本題考查感嘆句。句意：你給了我多么有用的信息??！非常感謝。information是不可數(shù)名詞，故排除B和C項(xiàng)；用how感嘆應(yīng)該這樣表達(dá)： How useful the information is! 故排除D。本題使用的感嘆句結(jié)構(gòu)為：what+adj. + n. + 主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)!故選：A。5. There, _Mrs. Smith, showing her pupils how to put a logo onto the new torch. A. was on a platform standingB. was standing on a platform C. on a platform was standingD. standing on the platform was【答案】D【解析】考查倒裝句。句意：史密斯夫人站在講臺(tái)上，教她的學(xué)生如何在新火炬上貼上標(biāo)志。本句主要表達(dá)：Mrs. Smith was standing on the platform, showing her pupils how to put a logo onto the new torch. 為了強(qiáng)調(diào)，可將謂語(yǔ)部分的現(xiàn)在分詞置于句首，從而構(gòu)成倒裝。D項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境，故選D。6. Little that we were watching his every move, so he seemed to be still going his own way. A. did he realizeB. he realized C. had he realizedD. he had realized【答案】A【解析】本題考查倒裝。句意：他幾乎沒(méi)有意識(shí)到我們正在觀察他的每一個(gè)動(dòng)作，所以他似乎仍然是我行我素；little幾乎沒(méi)有，屬于否定詞；否定詞放在句首，要部分倒裝，排除B和D；過(guò)去完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去的過(guò)去，而realize和seem是同時(shí)存在，排除C。故選A。7. In terms of the effects of the Internet on our lives, the ways we take advantage of it count, _ our attitudes. A. as areB. so do C. which areD. as do【答案】D【解析】本題考查倒裝。句意：就互聯(lián)網(wǎng)對(duì)我們生活的影響而言，我們利用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的方式和我們的態(tài)度一樣重要。as（正如一樣），為從屬連詞，往往需要用倒裝語(yǔ)序，即"as+助動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)"，助動(dòng)詞與上文中一致，英語(yǔ)中也常常把so放在句首表示"（另外一人）也"，需要用倒裝語(yǔ)序，助動(dòng)詞與上文中一致；但是so不是從句的引導(dǎo)詞，所以兩句之間要加并列連詞；即as常?？梢該Q用"and so"；故選：D. 8. Not until I went up further _ that under the tree _, obviously sound asleep. A. that I saw；did a boy lieB. I saw；lay a boy C. did I see；did a boy lieD. did I see；lay a boy【答案】D【解析】本題考查倒裝。句意：直到我走得更遠(yuǎn)，我才看到樹(shù)下躺著一個(gè)男孩，顯然睡得很熟。題干中是"Not until+狀語(yǔ)（從句）"置于句首，（主句）句中用部分倒裝語(yǔ)序，排除A和B；表示地點(diǎn)的介詞短語(yǔ)放在句首時(shí)要完全倒裝， 排除C，故選D。9. It was President Xi Jinping _ visited the navy troops on April 19 and advocated that naval force _. A. who；be strengthenedB. that；would be strengthened C. who；to be strengthenedD. that；must be strengthened【答案】A【解析】考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句和虛擬語(yǔ)氣。句意：習(xí)近平總統(tǒng)于4月19日訪問(wèn)了海軍部隊(duì)，并主張加強(qiáng)海軍力量。第一個(gè)空格處是強(qiáng)調(diào)句，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是人，可以用who；第二處是虛擬語(yǔ)氣，advocated后接that從句，從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣：should+do，句意表被動(dòng)，因此是should+be+done，should可以省略。故選A。10. Is it he or you _ in charge of the job and supposed to complete it punctually? A. who isB. that is C. who areD. whom are【答案】C【解析】考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句。句意：是他還是你負(fù)責(zé)這項(xiàng)工作，應(yīng)該準(zhǔn)時(shí)完成它？這是強(qiáng)調(diào)句的一般問(wèn)句，因?yàn)槭菑?qiáng)調(diào)的是人，用that和who都可以，由or連接兩個(gè)以上主語(yǔ)時(shí)，動(dòng)詞和最接近的主語(yǔ)保持一致，由此可以排除A和B；whom引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)在從句中作賓語(yǔ)，所以排除D，故選C?！久麕燑c(diǎn)睛】構(gòu)成強(qiáng)調(diào)句的it本身沒(méi)有詞義，強(qiáng)調(diào)句中的連接詞一般只用that、who，即使在強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)和地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)時(shí)也如此，that和who不可省略；強(qiáng)調(diào)句中的時(shí)態(tài)只用兩種，一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)，原句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是一般過(guò)去時(shí)、過(guò)去完成時(shí)和過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，用It was .，其余的時(shí)態(tài)用It is .。_