Unit 1 Great scientists .閱讀理解AMy dearest son and daughter，The story of New Jersey high school student Rachel Canning suing her parents for child support and high school education inspired me to write you a little letter.Let me just put this out there：the only way I expect to see you in a court is as a lawyer or a judge.There are two things about this case that seem to be disaster.First，it's natural for parents and children to argue.I can guarantee that we will disagree.One or both of you will，at some point，scream at the top of your voice the various ways you hate me.And I won't always like you，either.But I will always love you and do everything I can to keep your best interests as my focus，even when I'm so angry.We are family.That means we are as much a part of one another as the flesh，blood and bones in our body.And we all should think about it very deeply instead of breaking that bond.Second，to be honest，no matter how far apart we are on your life choices，your father and I will most certainly pay everything we can for your higher education.But that doesn't mean you deserve it.To be clear，that is a privilege we happily extend(給予) to younot a right you are born with.And you will have to work hard to earn that privilege.Growing up is hard work.If I do my job properly as your motherand you do yours as my childrenyou would sooner get a job or two，and find a way to make your dreams come true rather than go to trial over what you think you are entitled to.Love always，Mom語(yǔ)篇解讀本文為一篇應(yīng)用文。本文是一位媽媽寫(xiě)給她孩子的信。作者告訴孩子：一方面她很愛(ài)他們，會(huì)盡全力照顧他們；另一方面，家長(zhǎng)支付孩子教育費(fèi)用并非理所當(dāng)然，還需孩子自己努力獲得。1The mother writes this letter because she wants her children to .Abe prepared for educationBlearn a lesson from the caseCtake up the legal professionDremember Rachel Canning解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“The story of New Jersey high school student Rachel Canning suing her parents for child support and high school education inspired me to write you a little letter.”可知媽媽寫(xiě)信的目的是想讓孩子從此案例中得到啟示，故選B項(xiàng)。答案：B2When in disagreement，the mother expects her children not to .Aguarantee anythingBscream out their angerCbreak the family bondDforget their best interests解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第一句可知，父母和孩子意見(jiàn)不一致是很正常的，根據(jù)此段最后一句可知出現(xiàn)矛盾時(shí)，父母希望孩子不要破壞家庭成員之間的紐帶，故選C項(xiàng)。答案：C3The mother thinks of parents' paying for their children's higher education as .Aa way in which children realize their dreamsBa test of whether parents love their childrenCa privilege that children should earnDa right that parents are born with解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“To be clear，that is a privilege we happily extend(給予) to younot a right you are born with.”可看出，這個(gè)媽媽認(rèn)為父母支付孩子的教育費(fèi)用是父母樂(lè)意給予孩子的特權(quán)，但并非孩子生來(lái)就有的，而是需要孩子自己努力去獲得。故選C項(xiàng)。答案：CBSusan Brownell Anthony was a lady ahead of her time.She fought for women's rights long before it became a popular issue.Susan was born on February 15,1820，in Adams，Massachusetts.At that time，women had few rights.They could not own property.Money earned by a married woman belonged to her husband.Major decisions regarding children were made by the fathers.Women could not vote.At the age of 15，Susan became a schoolteacher.She taught for 15 years.Then she began organizing women's groups to promote causes that were important to women.She helped gain better educational rights for women.She helped give married women possession of their earnings.After the Civil War，Susan became very involved in the Women's Suffrage Movement.After years of lecturing，writing，and appealing by Susan and other women，some parts of the United States changed their laws to give women the right to vote.The first state was Wyoming in 1869.Other areas and states gradually followed Wyoming's decision.It was not until 1920 that the US.Constitution was changed to give all women voting rights.Susan Brownell Anthony died in 1906 at the age of 86.She was elected to the Hall of Fame for Great Americans in 1950.She was the first American woman to have a likeness(肖像) of her face on a coin.It was the 1979 Susan Brownell Anthony dollar.語(yǔ)篇解讀本文主要介紹了美國(guó)歷史上著名的女權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)領(lǐng)袖蘇珊·布勞內(nèi)爾·安東尼。她努力為婦女爭(zhēng)取了財(cái)產(chǎn)權(quán)和投票權(quán)等權(quán)利。4What was the situation of American women like when Susan was born?AThey had low social status.BThey could vote after getting married.CThey managed money for their husbands.DThey were responsible for decisionmaking.解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“At that time，women had few rights.They could not own property.Money earned by a married woman belonged to her husband.Major decisions regarding children were made by the fathers.Women could not vote.”可知，在那時(shí)，女性沒(méi)有什么權(quán)利，地位是低下的，故A項(xiàng)正確。B、C和D項(xiàng)均與此表述不符。答案：A5What is the third paragraph mainly about?ASusan's teaching experiences.BSusan's educational background.CSusan's efforts to abolish slavery.DSusan's fighting for women's causes.解析：段落大意題。通讀第三段尤其是“Then she began organizing women's groups to promote causes that were important to women.”可知，本段主要講述Susan Brownell Anthony為爭(zhēng)取女權(quán)而斗爭(zhēng)的情況，故D項(xiàng)正確。答案：D6What does the word “decision”in the fourth paragraph refer to?APromoting the social movement.BChanging the US.Constitution.CGiving women voting rights.DUniting other areas and states.解析：詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第四段第二句中的“some parts of the United States changed their laws to give women the right to vote”可知，在Susan Brownell Anthony的努力下，美國(guó)一些地區(qū)修改了法律，給了婦女投票權(quán)；結(jié)合該段第三、四句“The first state was Wyoming in 1869.Other areas and states gradually followed Wyoming's decision”可以判斷，畫(huà)線詞指代“給婦女投票權(quán)”這一決定，故C項(xiàng)正確。答案：C7What may be the best title for the text?AThe first American woman to invent coinsBThe problem of women's rights in the US.CThe most popular women organizationsDA pioneer in fighting for women's rights解析：標(biāo)題歸納題。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了美國(guó)歷史上著名的女權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)領(lǐng)袖Susan Brownell Anthony。她為婦女爭(zhēng)取了財(cái)產(chǎn)權(quán)和投票權(quán)等權(quán)利。據(jù)此可知D項(xiàng)最適合做文章標(biāo)題。答案：D.閱讀七選五How to run international meetingsAs more of us do business across cultures，it's best to prepare ahead of time before heading to the meeting table.Here are four rules for different countries.Stick to the schedule.Where：Germany, Austria, JapanWe've all been to meetings that have a loose agenda，if any at all.They don't start on time and they seem to repeat.1Japanese are more likely to create a detailed agenda and pass out supporting documents several days before a meeting.2Meetings that run long in Germany are often taken to mean that the parties are not communicating efficiently.3Where：China，Malaysia, SingaporeDebating a topic can go against the traditional Chinese concept of “saving face”，which means avoiding any mistakes or actions that could bring embarrassment.Laughing at even an obviously amusing answer or pointing out a potential mistake can spoil the entire meeting.Enjoy the interruptions.Where：Italy，F(xiàn)rance，SpainWhen Pascal Soboll meets with clients in Italy or Spain，he's no longer offended if they leave early or arrive late.Rather than attend the entire threehour meeting，he has learned that his colleagues thereand in some parts of Franceattend based on their own timetable.4 Rather than expect people to sit through his entire presentation，he makes it easier for them to turn up as needed.Please，no small talk.Where：Finland，SwedenIn places like Finland and Sweden，where nonmeeting related discussions like chat about the weather can be regarded as a way to be off a formallyset agenda and as a waste of other people's time.In some countries，including Finland，there are long pauses in the conversation.5These breaks are used as a way to process what the other person is saying without interrupting.ANot so in these countries.BGermans and Austrians are similar.CDon't even think about a brainstorm.DThere's often no way to tell how things are going.EDon't try to fill them，though，with small talk or anything else.FWhat do the long silences，idle chitchat and serious faces really mean in context?GFor Soboll，that means changing his own Germanbased expectations of client behaviour.語(yǔ)篇解讀本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要介紹了在不同國(guó)家如何成功地召開(kāi)會(huì)議。1解析：空處前兩句介紹了常見(jiàn)的會(huì)議情況：時(shí)間安排松散，開(kāi)會(huì)不準(zhǔn)時(shí)，總是重復(fù)；結(jié)合空后的“Japanese are more likely to create a detailed agenda and pass out supporting documents several days before a meeting.”可知，日本人注意會(huì)議的細(xì)節(jié)，并在數(shù)天前就做好準(zhǔn)備。據(jù)此可以判斷，空處承上啟下，說(shuō)明并非所有的國(guó)家在開(kāi)會(huì)時(shí)都會(huì)出現(xiàn)上述的情況：時(shí)間安排松散，開(kāi)會(huì)不準(zhǔn)時(shí)，總是重復(fù)。故A項(xiàng)正確。答案：A2解析：根據(jù)該部分中的“Where：Germany，Austria，Japan”可知，該部分主要介紹德國(guó)、奧地利和日本的開(kāi)會(huì)習(xí)慣；空前一句已經(jīng)介紹了日本的情況，結(jié)合空后一句“Meetings that run long in Germany are often. efficiently.”可知，空處及下一句介紹德國(guó)和奧地利的開(kāi)會(huì)習(xí)慣。故B項(xiàng)正確。答案：B3解析：根據(jù)空處位置可知，空處為該部分標(biāo)題，是該部分的主旨；通讀該部分可知，該部分第一句介紹了在中國(guó)開(kāi)會(huì)應(yīng)當(dāng)認(rèn)真討論，以防發(fā)生尷尬的事情，第二句介紹在開(kāi)會(huì)時(shí)不要嘲笑有趣的答案或指出潛在的錯(cuò)誤；據(jù)此可知，該部分主要介紹要嚴(yán)肅認(rèn)真地討論會(huì)議議題，就事論事，不需要在開(kāi)會(huì)前有什么“頭腦風(fēng)暴”。故C項(xiàng)正確。答案：C4解析：根據(jù)上文中的“When Pascal Soboll”和“Rather than.attend based on their own timetable.”以及空后一句可知，意大利人、法國(guó)人和西班牙人開(kāi)會(huì)很隨意，G項(xiàng)中的“Soboll”與該處相對(duì)應(yīng)。故G項(xiàng)正確。答案：G5解析：根據(jù)該部分標(biāo)題“Please，no small talk.”和空前的“there are long pauses in the conversation”可知，E項(xiàng)中的“them”與“l(fā)ong pauses”對(duì)應(yīng)。故E項(xiàng)正確。答案：E.語(yǔ)法填空Can knots (結(jié)) be a form of art? It is in China.They have a long history and a 1. (culture) meaning even today.A Chinese knot is 2. is woven (編) from a single length of rope to be a variety of shapes.Each shape has 3. (it) own meaning，and Chinese knots are usually woven in the red color，which indicates good fortune.Originally，people may have made them 4. (record)information and convey messages before they started to write.It is known that they 5. (intend) for artistic decoration and to express thoughts and feelings in the Tang Dynasty.The Tang Empire was a large one that covered most of the 6. (region) of modern China，and succeeding generations carried on 7. traditional art form as part of their culture.Now，some people use knots when they dress 8. traditional Chinese clothing.They are a means of 9. (fasten) traditional clothes instead of buttons. And silk is most 10. (wide) used to make these clothing knots.語(yǔ)篇解讀本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要講述了中國(guó)結(jié)的歷史、工藝、用途以及它的內(nèi)涵寓意。1解析：考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。它們有悠久的歷史，甚至今天也有文化意義。根據(jù)空前的“a”和空后的“meaning”可知，此處應(yīng)用形容詞作定語(yǔ)來(lái)修飾后面的名詞。答案：cultural2解析：考查表語(yǔ)從句。中國(guó)結(jié)是用一段繩子編成的東西，有各種各樣的形狀。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處在此引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句，且在從句中作主語(yǔ)，表示“的東西”，故用what。答案：what3解析：考查代詞。每個(gè)形狀都有它自己的意義。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)用形容詞性物主代詞，故填its。答案：its4解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。起初，人們可能制作它們以記錄信息和傳遞消息。這里是目的狀語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞不定式，故填to record。答案：to record5解析：考查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。眾所周知，在唐朝，它們被用于藝術(shù)裝飾，被用來(lái)表達(dá)想法和情感。此處描述的是唐朝的情況，應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)；又they(指中國(guó)結(jié))與intend之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故填were intended。答案：were intended6解析：考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。唐朝疆域很大，覆蓋著現(xiàn)在中國(guó)的大部分區(qū)域。根據(jù)空前的“most of”及region是可數(shù)名詞可知，此處應(yīng)用名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式。答案：regions7解析：考查冠詞。此處特指上文提到的中國(guó)結(jié)這種傳統(tǒng)藝術(shù)形式，故填定冠詞the。答案：the8解析：考查介詞。dress in.“穿衣服”為固定搭配。答案：in9解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。它們是一種固定傳統(tǒng)服裝的方式?？仗幬挥诮樵~of之后，故應(yīng)用動(dòng)名詞形式作賓語(yǔ)。答案：fastening10解析：考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處修飾used，表示“廣泛地，普遍地”，因此應(yīng)用副詞widely。答案：widely7