Unit 4 Making the news.閱讀理解ANowadays there are many new cars on the road.Some new models are flashy and others are fuel efficient，and embedded technology(嵌入式系統(tǒng)技術(shù)) is at the heart of all of them.The new Ford Escape has a radarenabled adaptive cruise control(巡航車速控制裝置) to avoid collisions，with sensors on the front and side of the car.Ford's Mark Schirmer says the electronic system can be accessed through the dashboard or a smartphone.“I am from Michigan.If it is a cold morning，I can have it start up right before I am scheduled to leave to go to the airport or go to work.You can find your car or if one of your family members borrows the car，it will show you exactly where it is，”said Schirmer.Thirdparty products now in development，like this emergency warning system，help drivers who fail to hear an approaching siren.A near miss with an ambulance inspired the product from the Chicago startup HAAS，cofounded by Cory Hohs.“It scared me enough that I started looking for a product that would alert me when they are coming，”said Hohs.A sobriety detector(清醒度檢測器) from a Canadian company called Sober Steering is sold to companies with fleets of vehicles，such as buses.Chief Operating Officer Catherine Carroll says a sensor on the steering wheel can detect alcohol vapors emitted from the skin.“If I am drinking and I have levels above a preset limit，it immobilizes the vehicle，so you cannot move the vehicle that you are driving，”said Carroll.One company founder says the connected technology is playing an important role in people's daily life.He says，“You can buy a washing machine，you can buy a microwave that has WiFi and connects to a router.Also the connected technology of the cars has become as important as performance and styling.”語篇解讀本文為一篇說明文。主要介紹了一系列最新電子產(chǎn)品，它們能使駕車變得更安全、更便利。1What caused the invention of the emergency warning system?AThe call of a skilled driver.BAn accident nearly caused by an ambulance.CBad hearing of some drivers.DThe increasing number of ambulances on the road.解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“A near miss with an ambulance inspired the product from the Chicago start­up HAAS，co­founded by Cory Hohs.”可知，緊急報警系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計是源于一起救護(hù)車險些撞車事故。答案：B2According to the text，a sobriety detector aims to .Areduce tirednessrelated accidentsBmake the drivers awake all the timeCavoid drunken drivingDstop the drivers falling asleep解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第五段可知，清醒度檢測器能夠檢測到皮膚上的酒精，如果司機(jī)飲酒或是超過限定量，汽車將自動熄火，這樣就會避免酒駕。答案：C3According to the last paragraph，the connected technology is .Achanging our lives at home and on the roadBmaking the cars on the road much more attractiveCletting people's daily life much more colorfulDgetting the cars welcomed by more people解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“One company founder says the connected technology is playing an important role in people's daily life.”及他所說的話“買一個能夠與路由器相連接的洗衣機(jī)或是微波爐。汽車的連接技術(shù)和性能、款式同等重要?！笨芍B接技術(shù)改變了我們的日常生活和道路狀況。答案：A4What does the author mainly want to tell us?APeople like the cars that are fuel efficient most.BEmbedded technology is the most advanced to cars.CThe technology can't keep up with the development of society.DElectronic products make driving much easier and safer.解析：主旨大意題。本文主要列舉了一系列電子產(chǎn)品，這些最新電子產(chǎn)品使駕車變得更容易、更安全。答案：DBResearchers say current exercise guidelines are unrealistic and argue that doctors should sometimes advise small increases in activity instead.They warn the 150minute weekly target is beyond the reach of some peopleparticularly older individuals.And trying to reach these goals could mean the benefits of lighter exercise are overlooked.But public health officials say current recommendations have proven benefits in lowering the risk of heart disease.There is increasing evidence that inactivity is linked to heart disease，type 2 diabetes (糖尿病) and some types of cancer.UK guidelines for adults recommend at least twoandahalf hours of moderate activity a week，in short periods of 10 minutes or more.But in two separate articles in The BMJ，experts argue the message needs to change，with greater emphasis on making inactive people move more.Prof.Philipe de Souto Barreto at the University Hospital of Toulouse，advises people who are sedentary (久坐不動的) to make small increases in their activity levelsrather than pushing to achieve current goals.He points to previous studies which show even short periods of walking or just 20 minutes of energetic activity a few times a month can reduce the risk of death，compared to people who do no exercise.In the second article，Prof.Philipe Sparkling of the Georgia Institute of Technology，says doctors should tailor their adviceparticularly for older patients.He suggests using GP visits for people over 60 to discuss “realistic options”to increase activitysuch as getting people to stand up and move during TV commercial breaks.Prof.Kevin Fenton at Public Health England says，“Everyone needs to be active every dayshort periods of 10 or more minutes of physical activity have proven health benefits，but getting 150 minutes or more of moderate activity every week is the amount we need to positively impact on a wide range of health conditions.”This includes reducing the risk of heart disease and type 2 diabetes.語篇解讀本文主要討論了人們對現(xiàn)行鍛煉指導(dǎo)原則的不同看法。5What is the current exercise goal mentioned in the passage?A10minute exercise.B20minute exercise.C60minute exercise.D150minute exercise.解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“They warn the 150­minute weekly target is beyond the reach of some peopleparticularly older individuals.”及“And trying to reach these goals”可知，現(xiàn)行的鍛煉目標(biāo)是每周150分鐘的運動量，故選D。答案：D6What can we learn from the second paragraph?A10minute exercise has little effect on the health.BHeart disease happens easily to the old in activity.CTwoandahalf hours of exercise is not necessary.DInactivity easily brings about many serious diseases.解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的第一句“There is increasing evidence that inactivity is linked to heart disease，type 2 diabetes (糖尿病)and some types of cancer.”可知，不活動會引發(fā)很多疾病，故選D。答案：D7What is the suggestion of Prof.Philipe de Souto Barreto according to the third paragraph?APeople should spend less time on exercise.BPeople should lower their activity levels.CPeople should increase exercise properly.DPeople should achieve their current goals.解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的第二句“Prof.Philipe de Souto Barreto at the University Hospital of Toulouse，advises people who are sedentary(久坐不動的)to make small increases in their activity levelsrather than pushing to achieve current goals.”可知，Philipe de Souto Barreto教授建議人們要適當(dāng)增加鍛煉，故選C。答案：C8Which of the following is TRUE about current exercise guidelines?AThey are impractical.BThey are reasonable.CThey have no effect on us.DThey are popular with people.解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的第一句“Researchers say current exercise guidelines are unrealistic and argue that doctors should sometimes advise small increases in activity instead.”可知，現(xiàn)行的鍛煉指導(dǎo)原則并不實用，故選A。答案：A.完形填空I retired from my family business four years ago.But I've never been 1 of a challenge.I've sailed around the world before.And I've decided to fly east from Western Australia in a 2 .For the last two years I had trained hard，spending 150 hours 3 with my ground team.When the big day came，thousands of people gathered to 4 the launch.It was a 5 start，with a smooth and steady takeoff.I was 6 but still had some doubtsI was flying into the 7 .I couldn't guarantee I'd see my friends and family again.The capsule where I stayed was designed to 8 if I landed in water，but I was not sure whether I could 9 the cruelty of the ocean. 10 ，I kept watching the weather，communicating with my land team and 11 the altitude to achieve the perfect speed and direction.On my fifth day，I was terrified to notice I was losing oxygen. 12 ，I managed to save my life by adjusting the pressure in the oxygen cylinder (氧氣瓶) to stop the oxygen escaping.I know it was vital to stay 13 to control the flight，altitude and my oxygen flow，so I held a spoon between two fingersIf I 14 it would fall and wake me up.I never questioned why I was doing this.It is such a unique 15 to see our beautiful planet from high above.Seeing the coast of Australia again on my 11th day was a huge 16 .I knew my journey was nearly over.It was to be a new world record.I could see my team 17 below as I flew over.This 18 really pushed me to my limits，but it hasn't 19 me.Next year，I want to fly even higher to break another 20 for the hotair balloon flight.語篇解讀本文是一篇記敘文。“我”退休四年后，從西澳大利亞州乘熱氣球向東旅行，十一天后平安著陸?！拔摇眲?chuàng)造了世界紀(jì)錄，準(zhǔn)備明年繼續(xù)挑戰(zhàn)自己。1A.shyBskepticalCfondDconfident解析：根據(jù)該句中“But”表達(dá)的語境并結(jié)合下句中“我”環(huán)球航行過并決定乘熱氣球從西澳大利亞州向東旅行的描述可知，“我”不害怕(shy)挑戰(zhàn)。shy of/about(doing)sth.意為“害怕(做)，對(做)心懷顧忌”。B項意為“懷疑的”；C項意為“喜愛的”；D項意為“自信的”。答案：A2A.plane BhelicopterCwingsuitDhotair balloon解析：根據(jù)本文最后一句中的“the hot­air balloon”可知，“我”是乘熱氣球旅行的，故D項正確。答案：D3A.debating BpreparingCcarvingDtraveling解析：根據(jù)該句中的“I have trained hard”可知，過去兩年“我”艱苦訓(xùn)練，花了150個小時的時間和“我”的地面團(tuán)隊一起準(zhǔn)備(preparing)。A項意為“辯論”；C項意為“雕刻”；D項意為“旅游”，都與語境不符。答案：B4A.welcome BinspectCdelayDwitness解析：根據(jù)該句中的“thousands of people gathered to”可知，在那一天，成千上萬的人聚集在一起見證(witness)了起飛過程。A項意為“歡迎”；B項意為“檢查”；C項意為“推遲”。答案：D5A.perfect BfalseCpoorDfresh解析：根據(jù)該句中的“with a smooth and steady take­off”可知，熱氣球起飛時很平穩(wěn)；據(jù)此可以判斷，這是一個完美的(perfect)開始。B項意為“錯誤的”；C項意為“貧窮的”；D項意為“新鮮的”。答案：A6A.amused BpuzzledCexcitedDfrightened解析：根據(jù)上句中的“with a smooth and steady take­off”和下文but的轉(zhuǎn)折可知，熱氣球起飛時平穩(wěn)，“我”感到很興奮(excited)。A項意為“有趣的”；B項意為“困惑的”；D項意為“害怕的”。答案：C7A.future BunknownCshelterDreality解析：根據(jù)下句“I couldn't guarantee I'd see my friends and family again”可知，“我”無法保證能再次看到“我”的朋友和家人；據(jù)此可以判斷，“我”向著未知的(unknown)地方旅行。A項意為“未來”；C項意為“避難所”；D項意為“現(xiàn)實”。答案：B8A.digest BrecycleCfloatDfly解析：根據(jù)該句中的“if I landed in water”可知，如果掉入水中，飛行艙能漂浮在水面上。A項意為“消化”；B項意為“回收利用”；D項意為“飛翔”。答案：C9A.survive BshowCevaluateDcomment解析：根據(jù)該句中的“cruelty of the ocean”并結(jié)合上段最后一句“I couldn't guarantee I'd see my friends and family again”可知，“我”不確定自己能不能在嚴(yán)酷的海洋環(huán)境中幸存(survive)下來。答案：A10A.Finally BHoweverCThereforeDBesides解析：空處上文陳述懷疑自己能不能在嚴(yán)酷的海洋環(huán)境中幸存下來，空處下文陳述“我”不斷觀察天氣并與地面的團(tuán)隊保持聯(lián)系；據(jù)此可以判斷，空處前后之間為因果關(guān)系，故C項正確。答案：C11A.losing BignoringCprovingDadjusting解析：根據(jù)該句中的“to achieve the perfect speed and direction”可知，“我”調(diào)整(adjusting)高度，以達(dá)到最佳的速度和方向。答案：D12A.Strangely BLuckilyCNormallyDConveniently解析：空前陳述“我”在第五天發(fā)現(xiàn)氧氣泄漏；空后陳述“我”通過調(diào)整氧氣瓶的氣壓阻止了氧氣的泄漏而成功地救了自己；據(jù)此可以判斷，該處表示“幸運地”，故B項正確。答案：B13A.calm BawakeCpatientDrelaxed解析：根據(jù)下文中的“it would fall and wake me up”可知，作者明白在飛行過程中，必須保持頭腦清醒來控制飛行、高度及氧流量。stay awake“保持清醒”。答案：B14A.looked around Bcarried onCdropped offDturned up解析：根據(jù)語境可知，“我”在兩指之間夾了一把湯匙，如果“我”打盹兒(dropped off)了，湯匙就會落地從而把“我”叫醒。A項意為“環(huán)顧”；B項意為“繼續(xù)”；D項意為“出現(xiàn)，調(diào)大聲音”。答案：C15A.experience BexcuseCdreamDtradition解析：根據(jù)該句語境可知，在高空看我們的星球是一種獨特的體驗(experience)。B項意為“借口”；C項意為“夢想”；D項意為“傳統(tǒng)”。答案：A16A.loss BdisasterCburdenDrelief解析：根據(jù)該句中的“Seeing the coast of Australia again on my 11th day”可知，在第十一天再次看到澳大利亞的海岸線對“我”來說是一種巨大的欣慰(relief)。答案：D17A.exercising BcelebratingCescapingDquarreling解析：根據(jù)語境可知，在第十一天“我”終于再次看到了澳大利亞的海岸線，據(jù)此可知，“我”的冒險旅行成功結(jié)束并且創(chuàng)造了新的世界紀(jì)錄；據(jù)此可以判斷，“我”能看到“我”的地面團(tuán)隊正在祝賀(celebrating)“我”的成功。答案：B18A.challenge BaccidentCraceDfailure解析：根據(jù)第一段第二句中的“challenge”可知，這次挑戰(zhàn)將“我”推向了極限。B項意為“事故”；C項意為“賽跑”；D項意為“失敗”，都與語境不符。答案：A19A.interested BconfusedCannoyedDdiscouraged解析：根據(jù)該句中的“pushed me to my limits”可知，這次挑戰(zhàn)將“我”推向了極限；結(jié)合下文可知，“我”將在明年再次挑戰(zhàn)自己，飛得更高，挑戰(zhàn)另一個紀(jì)錄；據(jù)此可以判斷，這次的挑戰(zhàn)并沒有使“我”灰心(discouraged)。答案：D20A.promise BbalanceCrecordDbarrier解析：根據(jù)上一段倒數(shù)第二句中的“a new world record”可知，“我”想要飛得更高，打破另一個紀(jì)錄(record)。A項意為“承諾”；B項意為“平衡”；D項意為“障礙”。答案：C.短文改錯I have met many teachers since I begin my schooling.Of all my teachers，Mrs.Green is the one who impresses me most.Though she is 50，she looks very young at her age.Comparing with other teachers，Mrs.Green pays more attention to her way of teaching.She tries various ways to make her class lively and interestingly.In her opinion，we will not only know “what”but also understand “why”So instead of giving us answer immediately，she encourages us to think carefully every time when she puts forward questions.With her help，we have learned how to analyze and settled problems.What the amazing world of “why” she leads us！She is such a learned person that we all admire him very much.答案：I have met many teachers since I my schooling.Of all my teachers，Mrs.Green is the one who impresses me most.Though she is 50，she looks very young her age. with other teachers，Mrs.Green pays more attention to her way of teaching.She tries various ways to make her class lively and In her opinion，we will not only know “what” but also understand “why”So instead of giving us immediately，she encourages us to think carefully every time she puts forward questions.With her help，we have learned how to analyze and problems.What amazing world of “why” she leads us ！She is such a learned person that we all admire very much.9