第2講 記敘文記敘文是以敘述或描寫的手法來表達(dá)、以記人或敘事為主要內(nèi)容的一種文體，敘述人們的經(jīng)歷或事物的發(fā)展變化過程。記敘文大致可分為兩類；以記人為主的記敘文和以記事為主的記敘文。前者主要以人物的經(jīng)歷、活動(dòng)或性格為特征進(jìn)行敘述，重在人物的活動(dòng)；后者主要對(duì)某一事件的發(fā)生、發(fā)展和結(jié)果進(jìn)行敘述，重在敘述事情發(fā)生、發(fā)展的過程。記敘文具備六大要素，即時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物，事件、原因和結(jié)果。寫記敘文時(shí)，要交代清楚時(shí)間(when)、地點(diǎn)(where)、人物(who)和事件(what)，然后再進(jìn)一步敘述事件(what)、原因(why)和結(jié)果(how)等要素。記敘文的命題形式主要是提綱式和圖畫式。寫作時(shí)，時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物等要素一般會(huì)出現(xiàn)在題目提示或圖畫中，有時(shí)也會(huì)出現(xiàn)有關(guān)要素不確定的情況。1人物介紹常用詞句模板(1) . was born in . (some place) on . (the date)(2) . is considered to be one of the greatest . (3)be admitted to . college; graduate from . department of . University.(4)When at college, he majored in . and received a doctor's degree.(5)be interested in . /be fond of . (6)From . to . , he first worked as . , and then he became . .(7)win a prize/the first prize in . competition(8)one of the best/most important . (9)set . a good example(10)be respected by everyone2敘事常用詞句模板(1)I was about to do . when . (2)It was snowing/raining heavily/hard on Monday morning.(3)Last night I was busy preparing for my test when I heard a loud noise.(4)The sun was shining and the birds were singing.(5)All the way we were chatting, singing and laughing, enjoying the fresh air and the beautiful scenery.(6)Time flew and two hours had passed before we realized it.(7)From this experience I have learnt that questioning can serve as a bridge that helps us to seek the truth.(8)Tired as we were, we still felt quite happy.(9)This is really an unforgettable experience.(10)I learned from the experience that honesty always comes first.假定你是李華，申請(qǐng)到一家外資企業(yè)做兼職，對(duì)方要求你用英語寫一篇短文，介紹自己的基本情況。短文應(yīng)包括以下所列全部?jī)?nèi)容：姓名：李華出生年月：1999年2月出生地：遼寧大連學(xué)歷：20052011光明小學(xué)20112017大連市第六中學(xué)所學(xué)主要課程：語文、數(shù)學(xué)、英語、物理、化學(xué)、電腦特長(zhǎng)：英語、電腦(去年在全校電腦競(jìng)賽中獲得一等獎(jiǎng))業(yè)余愛好：游泳、滑冰、集郵、流行音樂注意：1.情況介紹必須采用短文形式；2.詞數(shù)100左右。 審題謀篇通思路本題要求寫一篇個(gè)人簡(jiǎn)歷，也就是自我介紹，根據(jù)試題要求“必須采用短文形式”，即一篇不分段的短文。但考生要注意以下兩點(diǎn)：1時(shí)態(tài)：一般過去時(shí)和一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)相結(jié)合；人稱：第一人稱。2寫作要點(diǎn)：個(gè)人信息；主要課程；特長(zhǎng)與愛好。修訂提升爭(zhēng)高分 A self­introductionMy name is Li Hua. I was born in Dalian, Liaoning Province in February 1999.I started school in 2005 at six (1.改成when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句when_I_was_six). I studied in Guangming Primary School from 2005 to 2011. After that I was enrolled by No.6 Middle School of Dalian and graduated this summer. The main subjects I studied at school are (2.升級(jí)為高級(jí)動(dòng)詞include) Chinese, maths, English, physics, chemistry and computer. I like English and computer best and I am very good at them. Last year I won the first prize in the school computer competition. In my spare time I enjoy listening to popular music and collecting stamps. My favorite sports are swimming in summer and skating in winter. (3.在詞匯不變的前提下修改句式Swimming_in_summer_and_skating_in_winter_are_my_favorite_sports.)過關(guān)檢測(cè)(限時(shí)：25分鐘/篇)(一)假定你是李華，請(qǐng)你用英語給外教Peterson寫一封電子郵件，回顧周末幫助家人做家務(wù)的一次經(jīng)歷。內(nèi)容包括：1做家務(wù)的理由；2做家務(wù)的過程；3你的感受。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。 精彩范文Dear Peterson，As an 18­year old middle school student, I have been busy with my study and seldom help my parents with housework. Feeling very sorry for not helping them, I begin to think about what to do to help.Last Sunday, when my parents went out shopping, it suddenly occurred to me that I could give the rooms a thorough cleaning. Firstly, I collected all the books, newspapers and other things scattered in the rooms and put them in place. Then I wiped the dust off all the furniture. After that, I swept and mopped the floors.At that moment, my parents came back and were quite surprised to see all the rooms tidy and floors shining. My mother gave me a hug and I could see her satisfaction from her eyes. Tired as I was, I felt so happy.Yours，Li Hua(二)假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)高三學(xué)生李華。請(qǐng)根據(jù)以下四幅圖的先后順序，介紹你們班上周開展的“為母校留念”活動(dòng)的完整過程，并以“A special present”為題，給校刊“英語角”寫篇英文稿件。詞數(shù)100左右。A special present 精彩范文A special presentLast week, my classmates and I did something significant to express our gratitude to our school.Earlier the week we had a discussion on what we can offer our school for our graduation. Numerous proposals were put forward, including a beautiful gift and a memorial tree. Finally we agreed to plant a tree on campus. Having made the decision, we searched online and ordered a seedling after careful selection. On a sunny day our seedling arrived and we got down to planting it immediately. Everyone participated actively. Some placed the seedling in the hole, some covered the root with soil and others stood a board next to it reading “Class 1 Senior 3,2018”. Sweaty as we were, everyone was excited. We posed for photographs to mark this precious occasion.We were all delighted to give our school a special present. We expect that this seedling will grow into an enormous leafy tree some day!強(qiáng)化特訓(xùn)11書面表達(dá)(四)(限時(shí)：25分鐘/篇)1假設(shè)你是中學(xué)生李華。下面四幅圖記錄了周日你在西山公園踏青的經(jīng)歷。請(qǐng)據(jù)圖用英語寫一篇日記。注意：詞數(shù)100左右。Sunday, May 4Fine 精彩范文Sunday,_May_4Fine It was a sunny day today and I went to Xishan Park for a spring outing. The moment I entered the park, a variety of beautiful flowers and green trees came into sight. Attracted by the beauty, I couldn't stop taking photos. As I wandered along the path, enjoying the beautiful view, I noticed something unpleasant. Two schoolgirls jumped over the fence to pick flowers and climb the tree. Obviously they didn't realize that their behaviour had done great damage to the beauty of the park. Without hesitation, I went up and stopped them politely. Quite embarrassed, the two girls came out immediately. Then they took pictures outside the fence. Seeing that, I smiled and everything looked nicer in my eyes.2假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)高三(1)班的學(xué)生李華。下面四幅圖描述了你們帶留學(xué)生Jack看中醫(yī)(TCM)的經(jīng)歷。請(qǐng)你根據(jù)圖片的先后順序，為校刊“英語角”寫一篇短文，介紹你們帶Jack看醫(yī)生前后的全過程。注意：詞數(shù)100左右。參考詞匯：把脈feel one's pulse 精彩范文Last month, we took Jack, an American exchange student, to a traditional Chinese doctor.In the class I noticed Jack coughing with a runny nose. Seeing this, one classmate and I offered to take him to the TCM department. At the clinic, the doctor first looked at him carefully, felt his pulse, checked his tongue and asked if the cough had been on and off for a long time. In great surprise, Jack nodded his head. The doctor then wrote a prescription.The first taste of the herbal medicine almost made him throw up. After he recovered, he felt amazed. At a class meeting, Jack chose “TCM in My Eyes” as the topic. He shared his experience of TCM, from doubt at first to belief in the end.3假設(shè)你是某中學(xué)高三(1)班的學(xué)生李華，請(qǐng)按照下面四幅圖的先后順序，向校刊“英語園地”寫一篇短文，記述你們班上周開展的“孝敬父母”的活動(dòng)。 注意：詞數(shù)100左右。 精彩范文Last Monday, my class held a class meeting, during which my teacher told us we should be grateful to our parents for their love and dedication, and she advised we should do something to express our respect and love.Then, we discussed what to do in groups. Some students suggested sending some presents to the parents, and others wanted to help the parents do the housework. Everybody had his own idea.Last Wednesday, after school, I hurried home with a bunch of flowers. When I presented flowers to my parents, they were very surprised but moved. Then I went to the kitchen without delay to cook some dishes for them. We enjoyed them together.The next day, we shared our experiences with each other in the class. Through this we show our respect and love for our parents.- 9 -