課 時 作 業(yè) 31.閱讀理解(2019·綏德中學高三階段性測試)Are you sick of going to bed late and waking up tired? Then grab your hiking boots and a tent. A new study suggests that camping in the great outdoors for a couple of days can reset your body clock and help you get more sleep.The body clock is an internal system that tells our bodies when it's time to go to sleep and when it's time to wake up. Scientists track this clock by measuring the amount of melatonin (褪黑激素) circulating in a person's blood at any given time.In a healthy sleeper, melatonin levels rise a few hours before bedtime, stay high through the night, and then settle back down when it's time to wake up.In our modern society, however, most of us stay up many hours past sunset and would probably sleep in many hours after sunrise if we could. And the trouble is, your melatonin levels may still be high when your alarm clock goes off in the morning, which leads to fatigue. It may also have other health consequences as well, such as diabetes(糖尿病), overweight and heart disease.Professor Kenneth Wright of the University of Colorado in the US wanted to see if our body clocks can be reset by a short stay in nature. His team recruited(招募)fourteen physically active volunteers in their 20s and 30s. Nine went on a weekend camping trip, while the other five stayed home. At the end of the weekend, the researchers reported that in just two days, the campers' body clocks had shifted so that their melatonin levels began to rise more than an hour earlier than they did before they left on the trip. By contrast, the body clocks of the group that stayed home shifted even later over the course of the weekend.“This tells us we can reset our clocks fast，”Wright said.Therefore, if you want to change your sleep patterns you could try to increase your exposure to natural light during the day and decrease the amount of artificial light you see at night. And if that doesn't work, there's always camping.本文為說明文。生物鐘對人體的影響很大。生物鐘如遭到破壞，可能會影響人的健康，如患糖尿病，身體肥胖，心臟病，尤其是影響我們的睡眠。一項新研究稱幾天的戶外露營便可以重啟你的生物鐘，幫助你改善睡眠。1What is the author's main purpose of writing the passage?ATo explain how a lack of sleep is bad for our health.BTo inform us of a possible way to adjust the body clock.CTo analyze how the body clock influences our sleeping habits.DTo explore how the body clock is connected with melatonin levels.答案：B解析：推理判斷題。第一段中的A new study suggests that camping in the great outdoors for a couple of days can reset your body clock and help you get more sleep. 一項新的研究表明，在戶外露營幾天可以重置你的生物鐘，幫助你獲得更多的睡眠。及最后一段Therefore，if you want to change your sleep patterns you could try to increase your exposure to natural light during the day and decrease the amount of artificial light you see at night. And if that doesn't work，there's always camping. 因此，如果你想改變你的睡眠模式，你可以試著增加白天暴露在自然光下的量，減少晚上看到的燈光的量。如果這不起作用，還可以露營。由此可知這是告訴我們一種調節(jié)人的生物鐘的方法。B正確。2The underlined word “fatigue” in Paragraph 4 probably means“_”AtirednessBexcitementCrefreshmentDpressure答案：A解析：猜測詞義題。結合第四段中的your melatonin levels may still be high when your alarm clock goes off in the morning 早上鬧鐘響起的時候，體內的褪黑激素還依然保持較高水平，因此就會使人感到勞累?？芍癴atigue”指的是疲勞的。A正確。3What did Wright's team discover from their experiment?AThe body clocks of the two groups didn't show much difference.BThe body clocks of those who stayed at home remained the same.CThose staying outdoors reset the clock inside their bodies over a short period.DChanges to the body clock don't necessarily affect melatonin levels in our bodies.答案：C解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據五段中的At the end of the weekend，the researchers reported that in just two days，the campers' body clocks had shifted so that their melatonin levels began to rise more than an hour earlier than they did before they left on the trip. By contrast，the body clocks of the group that stayed home shifted even later over the course of the weekend. 周末結束時，研究人員報告說，僅僅兩天內，露營者的生物鐘就改變了，褪黑激素水平比他們出門旅行前提前了一個多小時開始上升。由此可判斷出Wright的團隊經過對比兩組人群的睡眠表現(xiàn)發(fā)現(xiàn)，我們可以在短時間內調整生物鐘。故選C項。4According to the passage, to change our sleeping habit, we'd better _.Aset an alarm clock to wake us up on time in the morningBtry to reduce melatonin levels as much as possible at nightCspend several weeks staying in the open air every now and thenDget exposed to more natural light in the day but less artificial light at night答案：D解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據最后一段if you want to change your sleep patterns you could try to increase your exposure to natural light during the day and decrease the amount of artificial light you see at night.得知，白天暴露在自然光下，晚上減少可見的人造光線，就可以改善我們的睡眠習慣。D項符合題意。.完形填空(2019·新余四中高三段考)An American businessman who travelled in southern Mexico met with one young Mexican fisherman rowing a small boat at the dock (碼頭)Inside the boat were several large _1_. Enjoying the warmth of the sun, the American _2_ the Mexican for the quality of his fish. He thought they must bring the Mexican lots of money.“How long did it take you to _3_ them？” the American asked.“Oh, a few hours，” the Mexican fisherman _4_.“Why don't you _5_ longer and catch more fish？” the businessman then asked.The Mexican answered, “With these fish I have more than enough to _6_ my family.”The businessman then became _7_， “But what do you do with the rest of your _8_ ？”With a smile, the fisherman answered, “I _9_ with my children, watch ballgames, see my friends, sing songs.”The American businessman cut in, “Look, I have an MBA, and I can help you _10_ more money. You can start by fishing several hours longer every day. You can then sell the _11_ fish you catch. With the money, you can buy a bigger boat, then a third one, and so on, _12_ you have an entire fleet (船隊) of fishing boats. You could leave your village and move to a big city, where you could even further _13_ your business. Finally, you'll be able to set up your company and become very _14_. What do you think？”Having never _15_ such things, the Mexican fisherman asked, “Really? _16_ would I do with it all？”The businessman said proudly, “Then you could _17_ retire (退休) with all the money. You could _18_ to your peaceful fishing village where you could play with your grandchildren, and watch ballgames. And you could _19_ your friends often and sing with them.”The story tells us: Know what really matters in life, and you may find that it is already much _20_ than you think.本文主要講述要知道你生命中最重要的是什么，你或許會發(fā)現(xiàn)你距離你的目標可能更近了，人要知足常樂。1A.equipmentBclothCwoodDfish答案：D解析：考查名詞。A.equipment設備；B.cloth衣服；C.wood木頭；D.fish魚。句意：船里有幾條大魚。因為上文說的是墨西哥人是漁民。故選D。2A.terrifiedBpraisedCpuzzledDspotted答案：B解析：考查動詞。A.terrified恐嚇；B.praised表揚；C.puzzled使困惑；D.spotted弄臟。句意：享受著溫暖的陽光，那個美國人夸獎了墨西哥人他的魚的質量。故選B。3A.catchBeatCfeedDsell答案：A解析：考查動詞。A.catch抓到；B.eat吃；C.feed喂；D.sell賣。句意：你花了多長時間抓到了這些魚？故選A。4A.agreedBdoubtedCrepliedDpromised答案：C解析：考查動詞。A.agreed同意；B.doubted懷疑；C.replied回復；D.promised許諾。根據上句“How long did it take you to _3_ them？” the American asked.可知，你花費了多長時間抓到了這些魚？這是美國人問的問題，墨西哥人要作出回答。故選C。5A.give upBdig downCsettle backDstay out答案：D解析：考查動詞短語。A.give up放棄；B.dig down掘倒；C.settle back安頓下來；D.stay out在外逗留。句意：你為什么不在外面多留一段時間，抓更多的魚？故選D。6A.avoidBsupportCshowDunderstand答案：B解析：考查動詞。A.avoid避免；B.support支持；C.show展示；D.understand理解。句意：用這些魚，我已經足夠養(yǎng)我的家了。故選B。7A.angryBseriousCexcitedDsad答案：B解析：考查形容詞。A.angry生氣的；B.serious嚴肅的；C.excited 激動的；D.sad難過的。根據下句But what do you do with the rest of your _8_ ？可知，但是你剩余的時間做什么呢？說明美國商人非常嚴肅。故選B。8A.timeBmoneyCfoodDwork答案：A解析：考查名詞。A.time時間；B.money金錢；C.food食物；D.work工作。句意：但是你剩余的時間做什么呢？故選A。9A.fightBdealCplayDmeet答案：C解析：考查動詞。A.fight戰(zhàn)斗；B.deal對付；C.play玩；D.meet 遇到。句意：我和孩子們玩，看足球比賽，看望我的朋友，唱歌。故選C。10A.spendBborrowCmakeDsave答案：C解析：考查動詞。A.spend花費；B.borrow借；C.make賺得；D.save節(jié)省。句意：我能幫助你掙更多的錢。故選C。11A.smallBdeadCextraDlast答案：C解析：考查形容詞。A.small小的；B.dead死的；C.extra額外的；D.last最后的。根據上句 You can start by fishing several hours longer every day.可知，你可以每天多捕魚幾小時，然后把額外的魚賣掉。故選C。12A.untilBthoughCbecauseDif答案：A解析：考查連詞。A.until直到；B.though盡管；C.because因為；D.if如果。根據上句With the money, you can buy a bigger boat, then a third one, and so on可知，用這些錢去買一艘大船，然后更多的船，直到你擁有整個船隊。故選A。13A.startBexpandCleaveDplan答案：B解析：考查動詞。A.start開始；B.expand擴大；C.leave離開；D.plan計劃。句意：在大城市你可以把你的生意擴大。故選B。14A.richBconfidentChealthyDclever答案：A解析：考查形容詞。A.rich富的；B.confident自信的；C.healthy健康的；D.clever聰明的。句意：你將建立你的公司，變得更富有。故選A。15A.relied onBsuffered fromCthought ofDset down答案：C解析：考查動詞短語。A.relied on依靠；B.suffered from患；C.thought of想過；D.set down放下。根據下句“Really”可知，墨西哥人沒有想過那個問題。故選C。16A.WhatBWhenCWhereDWhy答案：A解析：考查連詞。A.What什么；B.When什么時候；C.Where 哪里；D.Why為什么。句意：我用那些錢干什么呢？故選A。17A.regretfullyBhappilyCcarefullyDtiredly答案：B解析：考查副詞。A.regretfully遺憾地；B.happily幸福地；C.carefully仔細地；D.tiredly疲憊地。句意：你能夠擁有所有的錢幸福地退休。故選B。18A.devoteBleadCreturnDrefer答案：C解析：考查動詞。A.devote捐獻；B.lead帶領；C.return返回；D.refer所指。句意：你可以回到漁村和你的子孫一起玩。故選C。19A.judgeBvisitCremindDfind答案：B解析：考查動詞。A.judge判斷；B.visit拜訪；C.remind提醒；D.find發(fā)現(xiàn)。句意：你能夠經常去拜訪你的朋友，同他們一起唱歌。故選B。20A.closerBsimplerCslowerDwider答案：A解析：考查形容詞。A.closer更近的；B.simpler更簡單的；C.slower更慢的；D.wider更廣的。句意：這個故事告訴我們：要知道你生命中最重要的是什么，你或許會發(fā)現(xiàn)你距離你的目標可能更近了。故選A。.語法填空(2019·湛江市高三調研考試)Do you like traveling? _1_ (stay) healthy while traveling can help to ensure your trip is a happy and enjoyable one.If you are traveling abroad，here are the tips you need to make your tip much _2_ (easy)Make sure you have got a signed passport and a visa.Also, _3_ you go，fill in the emergency information page of your passport！Make two copies of your passport identification page.This will help a lot if your passport _4_ (steal). Leave one copy at home with friends or relatives.Carry the other _5_ you in a separate place from your passport.Read the Public Announcements or Travel Warnings for the countries you plan to visit.Get _6_ (you) familiar with local laws and customs of the countries to _7_ you are traveling.Leave a copy of your itinerary(旅行計劃)with your family or friends at home so that you can be contacted in case of _8_ emergency.Do not accept packages from strangers.Do not carry too much money or _9_ (necessary) credit cards.If we make enough preparations，we will _10_ (success). Have a good timer.文章講述了我們如何在旅行中照看好自己。首先要注意放松，不要太累；其次要有好的睡眠；同時還要吃健康的食物，只有這樣才能好好地享受旅游。1Staying/To_stay解析：此處是動名詞或動詞不定式作主語，故答案為Staying/To stay。2easier解析：much放在比較級前面，修飾比較級加強語氣?？芍鸢笧閑asier。3before解析：句意：在你去以前，填寫護照的緊急情況信息頁。此處是before引導的時間狀語從句，答案為before。4is_stolen解析：主句用一般將來時態(tài)，則從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)，passport和steal之間是被動關系，所以此空用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)，答案為is stolen。5with解析：carry sth. with sb.某人隨身攜帶，可知答案為with。6yourself解析：句意：使你自己熟悉你要旅游國家的法律和風俗習慣。根據句意可知用反身代詞，答案為yourself。7which解析：句意：使你自己熟悉你要旅游國家的法律和風俗習慣。此處countries作先行詞，指物，在后面的定語從句中作介詞to的賓語，可知答案為which。8an解析：句意：萬一需要急救。emergency以元音音素開頭，故填an。9unnecessary解析：句意：不要攜帶太多的錢和沒必要的信用卡。答案為unnecessary。10succeed解析：句意：我們將成功。will后面跟動詞原形?？芍鸢笧閟ucceed。.短文改錯(2019·石嘴山一中高三月考)Dear Mr Zhang，Known that our school is going to set up elective (選修的) English courses, I'd like to give some advices. English Visual­Audio­Oral Course is a good choice. Most of us are interested at English videos and songs, that provide us with great images and beautiful music to listen to. As result, we can enjoy some local customs and singing English songs with joy. In addition, we need to improve our oral English. When we are always learning English, we may not be able to make a fluent speech. We can't easy communicate with others like native speakers. That is why I suggested taking a Speech Course. I'll be glad that if you can consider my suggestions.Yours，Li Hua答案Dear Mr Zhang， that our school is going to set up elective (選修的) English courses, I'd like to give some . English Visual­Audio­Oral Course is a good choice. Most of us are interested English videos and songs, provide us with great images and beautiful music to listen to. As result, we can enjoy some local customs and English songs with joy. In addition, we need to improve our oral English. we are always learning English, we may not be able to make a fluent speech. We can't communicate with others like native speakers. That is why I taking a Speech Course. I'll be glad if you can consider my suggestions.Yours，Li Hua8