語法填空模擬檢測(二)(共3篇，限時35分鐘)A(2018·浙江名校預(yù)測卷)Qianlong Emperor of the Qing Dynasty fell interested in the local drama during his tour of Southern China. _1_ (celebrate) his 80th birthday in 1790, he gathered opera troupes (劇團(tuán)) from different areas around China to perform for him in Beijing. _2_ the celebration came to an end, four famous troupes from Anhui Province _3_ (ask) to stay, for audiences were particularly satisfied with their great performances, _4_ (color) clothes and interesting facial make­up._5_ (gradual), it replaced Kunqu Opera that had been popular in the palace and among the upper ranks in Beijing. Later, some troupes from Hubei Province came to Beijing and often performed together with the Anhui troupes. The two types of singing combined on _6_ same stage and finally gave birth to a new type which was known as Beijing Opera.Beijing Opera absorbed various _7_ (characteristic) of its forerunners, such as singing, and dancing, and adapted itself in language and style of singing to cater _8_ Beijing audiences tastes. As time goes by, its _9_ (popular) has spread all over the country, with it _10_ (become) the most popular drama in China.語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了京劇的由來及發(fā)展。1To celebrate考查非謂語動詞。此處表示“為了慶祝他80歲的生日”，故空處應(yīng)用動詞不定式作目的狀語。2After/When考查狀語從句。慶?；顒咏Y(jié)束后/當(dāng)慶?；顒咏Y(jié)束時，安徽省的四個著名劇團(tuán)被要求留了下來。根據(jù)語境并分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處可用After“在之后”或者When“當(dāng)時”引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句。3were asked考查動詞的時態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。此處是在陳述發(fā)生在過去的事情，應(yīng)用一般過去時；troupes與ask之間是被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)；又因句子的主語是four famous troupes，謂語動詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填were asked。4colorful考查形容詞。根據(jù)空后的名詞“clothes”可知，空處應(yīng)填形容詞colorful“顏色鮮艷的，五彩繽紛的”。5Gradually考查副詞。漸漸地，它取代了在北京的皇宮和上層階級中盛行的昆曲。此處應(yīng)用副詞Gradually“逐漸地，漸漸地”在句中作狀語，修飾整個句子。6the考查冠詞。此處表示“在同樣的舞臺上”。same在此處作形容詞，通常和定冠詞the連用，表示“同樣的，相同的”。7characteristics考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。京劇吸收了其先驅(qū)的各種特點。根據(jù)空前的“various”及characteristic“特點，特征”為可數(shù)名詞可知，此處應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。8to/for考查介詞。京劇在演唱語言和風(fēng)格方面做出改變，以迎合北京觀眾的口味。cater to/for sb./sth.為固定搭配，意為“迎合/適合某人/某物”。9popularity考查名詞。根據(jù)空前的“its”和空處在句中作主語可知，空處應(yīng)用名詞popularity“受歡迎，流行”。10becoming考查非謂語動詞。become與其邏輯主語it之間為主謂關(guān)系，故空處應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞在句中作賓補(bǔ)。B(2018·浙江省名校新高考研究聯(lián)盟第二次聯(lián)考)Many English learners work hard _1_ (improve) their pronunciation. If you are not making much progress as you hoped, you are not alone. You may be _2_ (surprise) to know that _3_ number of teachers do not know how to _4_ (successful) teach this skill. Judy Gilbert is an expert, who has written many books on the subject. She explains that, for the past 50 years, most English language teachers havent been trained to teach how to pronounce. Teachers mainly show individual sounds, such as the “wh” sound in the word “what”， _5_ individual sounds are only one part. Other parts include rhythm, intonation (語調(diào)), and stress the loudness you give _6_ part or all of a word or words. These _7_ (factor) together make up the system of spoken English. In everyday speech, some words and sounds are almost always pronounced fully and clearly, while others are reduced and less clear. William Stout _8_ (lead) the workshops for 10 years. Stout enjoys _9_ (use) songs and song­like material in his classes. These things reproduce the natural rhythm, intonation, and stress of conversational English. Listening to songs, says Stout, _10_ (help) speed up your progress.語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了英語學(xué)習(xí)中的發(fā)音問題。1to improve考查非謂語動詞。許多英語學(xué)習(xí)者努力學(xué)習(xí)以改善自己的發(fā)音。根據(jù)語境及句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)用動詞不定式作目的狀語。2surprised考查形容詞。你可能會對一些老師不知道如何成功地教授這種技能感到非常驚訝。本句的主語為“You”，故應(yīng)用surprised“驚訝的”作表語；surprising“令人吃驚的”的主語通常是事物，用來形容某物、某事讓人吃驚。3a考查冠詞。a number of“許多，一些”為固定用法。4successfully考查副詞。此處應(yīng)用副詞successfully“成功地”修飾動詞teach。5but考查連詞。老師們主要展示單獨的發(fā)音，比如單詞“what”中“wh”的發(fā)音，但是單獨的發(fā)音只是(發(fā)音系統(tǒng)的)一部分。根據(jù)語境可知，空處前后句之間存在語意上的轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用表示轉(zhuǎn)折的連詞but。6to考查介詞。give sth. to sth.“將用在”為固定搭配。7factors考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。這些因素共同構(gòu)成英語口語的系統(tǒng)。factor“因素，要素”為可數(shù)名詞，因為空前有These修飾，故用其復(fù)數(shù)形式。8has led/has been leading考查動詞的時態(tài)。William Stout已經(jīng)開設(shè)了10年的研習(xí)班。根據(jù)本文的基本時態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時及句中的時間狀語“for 10 years”可知，此處可用現(xiàn)在完成時表示lead這一動作在說話之前已經(jīng)完成，且這個動作的結(jié)果對現(xiàn)在的情況仍有影響；此外，此處也可用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時表示lead這一動作從過去某一時間開始一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，且有可能繼續(xù)下去。9using考查非謂語動詞。Stout喜歡在他的課堂上使用歌曲和類似歌曲的材料。enjoy doing sth.“喜歡做某事”為固定用法。10helps考查動詞的時態(tài)和主謂一致。Stout說聽歌可以幫助你加速進(jìn)步。此處為動名詞短語Listening to songs在句中作主語，故謂語動詞應(yīng)用第三人稱單數(shù)；且此處為客觀描述，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時，故填helps。C(2018·浙江紹興模擬)Youve probably heard the phrase that “sitting is the new smoking”， and research does show that sitting long may be _1_ (harm), even if you exercise regularly.Regular exercise, particularly higher levels of physical activity, may not cancel them _2_ (entire) though it appears to reduce ill effects somewhat. An _3_ (analyse) of more than a dozen studies concluded that we need at least 60 minutes a day of exercise to fight the increased risk of premature (過早的) death due to sitting long. _4_ the contrary, another study found that the same amount of exercise doesnt cancel the negative effects of sitting on insulin (胰島素) levels and blood fats.The damage from sitting for a long time _5_ (think) to be due to reduced muscle activity, _6_ can decrease the bodys ability to regulate blood sugar and remove bad blood fats._7_ (reduce) sitting time, there are actions you can take.·At work, stand for a few minutes every half­hour, perhaps during phone calls, tea _8_ (break) or meetings.·If possible, use a desk that lets you work both standing and seated. Or try one _9_ (attach) to a treadmill (跑步機(jī)) that allows you to slowly walk while you work.·At home, get up regularly from your computer. Make _10_ attempt to stand and do the housework while watching TV.語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了久坐的害處并提供了幾條應(yīng)對建議。1harmful考查形容詞?？仗幾鞅碚Z，故填形容詞harmful“有害的”。2entirely考查副詞?？仗幮揎椫^語動詞cancel，故用副詞形式。entirely“完全地”。注意：entire變副詞時，不可去掉結(jié)尾的e。3analysis考查名詞。根據(jù)空前的An可知，此處要填可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)。analysis“分析”。4On考查介詞。on the contrary“相反”是固定搭配，故填On。5is thought考查動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)。此處描述客觀情況，故用一般現(xiàn)在時。本句用了“Sb./Sth. be thought to do”句型，故用被動語態(tài)。6which考查定語從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，逗號后是一個非限制性定語從句，先行詞是“reduced muscle activity”，空處在從句中作主語，故用which引導(dǎo)。7To reduce考查非謂語動詞。逗號前是非謂語動詞短語作狀語，再根據(jù)語境可知，此處表示“為了”，故要用不定式作目的狀語。8breaks考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。此處表示“在打電話、喝茶或開會期間”。此處break用作可數(shù)名詞，表示“間歇，休息”，空前無限定詞修飾，故用break的復(fù)數(shù)形式。9attached考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處是非謂語動詞作后置定語，修飾空前的代詞one。one是及物動詞attach所表示的動作的承受者，故填過去分詞attached。10an考查冠詞。 make an attempt to do sth.“嘗試/試圖做某事”，是固定搭配，故填不定冠詞an。5