Unit 1李仕才 一、詞匯復習（一）單句語法填空1(2015·安徽黃山第二次質(zhì)檢改編)I'm afraid I have to leave now, for you see, he is waiting for me. Well, if you _， at least wait till the heavy rain stops.答案：must句意為：恐怕現(xiàn)在我不得不離開了，因為你知道，他在等我。好的，如果你非得走，至少要等到大雨停了再走。根據(jù)語境可知填must，意為“偏要；非得”。2(2014·陜西，25改編)My book，The House of Hades, is missing.Who _ have taken it？ 答案：could句意為：我那本決戰(zhàn)冥王圣殿不見了。誰會把它拿走了呢？由句意可知，設空處表示說話者對過去發(fā)生事情的一種疑問的推測，故填could。3(2015·天津，7改編)I _have worried before I came to the new school，for my classmates here are very friendly to me. 答案：needn'tneedn't have done為情態(tài)動詞中表虛擬的用法，意思為“本不必做某事卻做了”。4(2015·陜西，21改編)You _feel all the training a waste of time，but I'm a hundred percent sure later you'll be grateful you did it. 答案：may情態(tài)動詞may表推測時，意為“或許，可能”。句意：你或許覺得所有的訓練都是浪費時間，但是我敢百分百保證，你以后一定會感恩你這么做了。15(2015·福建，27改編)Sorry，Mum！I failed the job interview again.Oh，it's too bad.You _ have made full preparations. 答案：shouldshould have done“本應該干某事而事實上沒干”。由failed可知“我”沒做好充分的準備，因此用should have done。（二）英漢互譯1.characteristic n. _2.radium n. _3.painter n. _4.put forward _5.scientific adj. _6.conclude vt. & vi. _7.conclusion n. _8.draw a conclusion _9.analyse vt. _10.infect vt. _11.infections adj. _12.cholera n. _13.defeat vt. n . _14.expert adj. n_15.attend vt. _16.physician n. _17.expose vt. _18.exposeto _19.deadly adj. _20.cure n. vt. _21.outbreak n. _22.challenge n. vt. _23.victim n. _24.absorb vt. _25.suspect vt. n. _26.enquiry n. _27.neighbourhood n. _28.severe adj. _29.clue adj. _30.pump n. vt. _32.foresee vt. _33.investigate vt. & vi. _34. investigation n. _35.blame vt. n_36.pollute vt. _37.handle n. vt _ 38.germ n. _39.link vt. & n. _40.linkto _41.announce vt. _42.certainty n. _43.instruct vt. _44.responsible adj. _45.construct vt. _46.construction n. _47.contribute vt. & vi. _48.apart from _49.firework n. _50.chart n. _51.creative adj. _52.co-operative adj. _53.positive adj. _54.（be）strict with_56.revolutionary adj. _57.movement n. _58.make sense _59.backward adv. & adj. _60.loop n. _ 61.privately adv. _62.spin vi. & vt_ 63.brightness n. _64.enthusiastic adj. _65.cautious adj. _66.reject vt. _67.universe n. _二、閱讀理解AVinegar makes salad, fries and dumplings taste better, and you can even use it to clean your windows. And now, according to scientists, it may even the planets population survive climate change.Researchers from the RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science (CSRS) in Japan found that growing plants in vinegar makes them more resistant to droughts. This could mean that in the future, worries about climate change affecting the worlds supply of food will be much lower. The discovery was made after the researchers studied the Arabidopsis, a plant known for its ability to survive in dry weather. It was found that when the plant was placed in drought-like conditions, it produced a chemical called acetate（醋酸鹽）the main component of vinegar.After discovering this, the scientists experimented further by adding acetate to the soil of other plants, before they stopped giving them water completely. After leaving the plants for 14 days, they found that the ones treated with acetate had survived, while the untreated plants had dried up and died.Its hoped that this simple method of survival could soon be used to help farmers in dry countries keep their crops alive. "In the experiment, we targeted the staple foods of the worldrice, wheat and maizeand the basic plant of breeding species, rapeseed（油菜籽）," Jong Myong Kim, co-author of the study, told Popular Science magazine.Kim also told the magazine hes already been in touch with people all over the world who are interested in trying this simple and cost-effective method out for themselves from flower growing companies to amateur gardeners. Although at this point keeping thirsty plants alive isnt as easy as just pouring vinegar over them, Kim said he and his team are working on making the process as simple as possible. "Now we are trying to cooperate with some farmers, and also some companies, to make a method to apply this system, "he said. And for those of us who always forget to ask our neighbors to water our plants when we go away, hopefully this means the end of returning home from a trip to find our favorite flowers have died.1.What is the article mainly about? A. The worlds food supply will be increased. B. Plants better survive droughts.C. The Arabidopsis is resistant to droughts. D. Vinegar could be used to fight droughts.2.It was discovered that acetate can .A. be used by farmers to replace soil B. only be produced by the ArabidopsisC. help plants survive dry conditions D. be used to improve poor soil3.What are the target plants of the experiment?A. all breeding species. B. wheat and Arabidopisis.C. rice and maize. D. rapeseed and Arabidopisis.4.Jong Myong Kims experiment of trying out the method .A. can make peoples trips pleasantB. turned out a worldwide successC. is as simple as pouring vinegar over the plantsD. appeals to many flower growing companies【文章大意】 本文屬于科普類文章。醋不僅使食物味道更好，還可以用它來清潔你的窗戶。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)醋中生長的植物，使它們更耐干旱。1.D 【解析】主旨大意題。通讀全文可知本文主要講述了醋能讓植物在干旱的環(huán)境中生存，即能抗擊干旱，故選D。3.C 【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“In the experiment, we targeted the staple foods of the worldrice, wheat and maizeand the basic plant of breeding species, rapeseed,”可知在實驗中，主要針對大米，小麥和玉米等。故選C。4.D 【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的第一句“Kimhes already been in touch with people all over the world who are interested in trying this simple and cost-effective method out for themselves from flower growing companies to amateur gardeners”分析本句可知Kim已與對此感興趣的花卉種植公司聯(lián)系，也就是吸引這些公司。故選D。B“Hungary？”I looked at my school headmaster in confusion.“I never mentioned wanting to go to Hungary.”And with that，my adventure started.My name is Jonathan Diamond and I just finished an amazing school exchange year in Hungary.Going on an exchange had always been my dream.When my high school offered an all­year program，I jumped at the opportunity.It would pay for almost everything and all I had to do was buy a plane ticket.I knew where I wanted to go：Spain，the country of dancers wearing flowing red dresses.So when I heard that I was going to Hungary，I was pretty shocked.But I decided to make the best of it，since it was，after all，a once­in­a­lifetime opportunity.Before I knew it，I was on the airplane，leaving for Budapest Ferenc Liszt International Airport，Hungary.I had difficult times when I almost gave up.Hungarian is the hardest language on the planet.Cultural differences occasionally embarrassed both my peers and me.I had to give up eating carrots，my beautiful favorite，for Hungarians think carrots are rubbish in their country.The change in the landscape was amazing，looking nothing like skyscrapers，bullet trains，cars，and people in tiny houses that I had been accustomed to.Gradually，I fell in love with the relaxing lifestyle，the warm­hearted people，and getting home at 2：30 pm.at the latest from school.And I was sad to leave on my very last day.Having the host family who took me as one of their own members was the best thing Ive ever experienced.From my little sisters，I learned how to embrace life to its fullest.From my brothers I learned that its OK for a boy to run around the house.From my host parents I learned to stay positive，to smile and that when you pick the right people and take their hands，suddenly，you become friends.【解題導語】本文是一篇記敘文，講述作者作為一個交換生在國外學習的經(jīng)歷和感受。1How did Jonathan feel when he was told to go to Hungary?AExcited and satisfied.BConfused and shocked.CAmazed and embarrassed.DDelighted and interested.B解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)首段中的“I looked at my school headmaster in confusion.”可知，作者聽到這個消息很迷惑，再結(jié)合第三段中的“So when I heard that I was going to Hungary，I was pretty shocked.”可知，選項B正確。2Why did Jonathan still decide to go to Hungary instead of Spain?AHe didnt like Spain.BHe wanted to learn Hungarian.CIt was a rare chance.DGoing to Hungary was much cheaper.C解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“But I decided to make the best of it，since it was，after all，a once­in­a­lifetime opportunity.”可知，作者決定充分利用這次機會，因為畢竟這是一次千載難逢的機會，所以選項C正確。a rare chance“一次罕見的機會”。3What can we learn about Jonathan during his stay in Hungary?AHe fell in love with eating carrots.BHe couldnt wait to leave.CHe was surprised by the landscape.DHe quickly got used to the life there.C解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“The change in the landscape was amazing”可知選項C正確。4According to Jonathan，the host family Achanged him completelyBtaught him how to dance wellCtreated him as equally as a studentDshowed him the good things of lifeD解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段內(nèi)容可知，作者從寄宿家庭那里學到了很多人生哲學，他們向作者展現(xiàn)了生活中美好的事情，故選項D正確。三、七選五In our fast world of phones，fax machines and computers，the old­fashioned art of letter writing is at risk of disappearing altogether. 1 There is the excitement of its arrival，the pleasure of seeing who it is from and，finally，the enjoyment of the contents.Letter writing has been part of my life for as long as I can remember.It probably began with the little notes I would write to my mother.My mother，also，always insisted I write my own thank­you letters for Christmas and birthday presents. 2 When I left home at 18 to train as a doctor in London，I would write once a week，and so would my mother.Occasionally my father would write and it was always a joy to receive his long，amusing letters. 3 Of course，we also made phone calls but it is the letters that I remember most.There were also letters from my boyfriends.In my youth I seemed to attract people who had to work or study away at some time and we were only able to stay in touch by letter. 4 I found that I could often express myself more easily in writing than by talking.I love the letters that come with birthday or Christmas cards.Notes are appreciated，but how much better to have a year's supply of news！And it's better still when it's an airmail envelope with beautiful stamps. 5 Like my mother before me，I insist they write their own thank­you letters.My daughter writes to me little letters，just as I did to my mother.I strongly urge readers not to allow letter writing to become another“l(fā)ost art”APoor handwriting can spoil(破壞)your enjoyment of a letter.BWe had been corresponding(通信)for 29 years but had never met.CI am pleased that my children are carrying on the tradition.DIt didn't matter how short or untidy they were as long as they were letters.EBut instead of harming the relationships，letter writing seemed to improve them.FYet，to me，receiving a letter cannot be matched by any other form of communication.GThe letters from home contained just everyday events concerning my parents and their friends.【語篇解讀】本文主要介紹了作者對書信這種溝通方式的青睞和對書信藝術逐漸消失的擔憂。1F根據(jù)下句“There is the excitement of its arrival，the pleasure of seeing who it is from and，finally，the enjoyment of the contents.”可推知，收到信對作者來講是一件無比愉悅的事情，所以選F項。2D根據(jù)本段第一句“Letter writing has been part of my life for as long as I can remember.”可知，書信是作者生活中不可或缺的一部分，對她來說，只要是信就好，無論多短或多不整潔，所以選D項。3G根據(jù)上文可知，作者和父母通信，由此可推知，這些信都是關于父母的一些生活瑣事以及他們的朋友的狀況的，所以選G項。4E根據(jù)下句“I found that I could often express myself more easily in writing than by talking.”可推知，此處應描述書信溝通的優(yōu)勢，與上文的“In my youth I seemed to attract people who had to work or study away at some time and we were only able to stay in touch by letter.”呼應，所以選E項。5C根據(jù)下文的“My daughter writes to me little letters，just as I did to my mother.”可知，作者自己的孩子也像作者一樣繼承了寫信的傳統(tǒng)，所以選C項。