Unit 2The United Kingdom李仕才【短文語法填空】On the first day of her work, Sally found that a class full of problems was waiting for her. She was told six teachers 1. (quit) before her. When she walked into the classroom, it was chaos: two boys were fighting in a corner, yet 2. rest of the class seemed not to notice them; some girls were chatting and some were running about with paper, food packages and other garbage 3. (leave) everywhere.Sally walked onto the platform, 4. (pick) up a piece of chalk and wrote on the blackboard: “Rule 1: We are family！”All students stopped 5. (look) at her. And she continued with Rule 2, Rule 3 . In the following weeks, Sally worked out 10 class rules and posted them 6. the wall of the classroom. She patiently explained all the rules to the students and required everyone to follow them.7 (surprise), Sally was not driven out like the former teachers; 8. ， she won respect from the students. Over the years, she has witnessed gradual changes in the class. At the graduation ceremony, just 9. she expected, she was very proud to stand with a class of care，manners and 10. (confident)【解題導(dǎo)語】本文講述了一名老師通過努力制定課堂規(guī)則，最終感化學(xué)生的故事。1had quit(ted)解析：考查動詞的時態(tài)。句意：她被告知在她之前已有六位老師辭職。根據(jù)語境，quit 的動作發(fā)生在 was told 之前，即“過去的過去”，應(yīng)用過去完成時。故填 had quit(ted)。2the解析：考查冠詞。句意：當她走進教室的時候，教室里一片混亂：兩個男孩在角落里打架，而班里剩下的人好像根本沒注意到他們；一些女孩在聊天，一些人在到處跑，到處都是紙、食品袋和其他垃圾。the rest of 為固定短語，意為“其余的”。故填 the。3left解析：考查非謂語動詞。句意見上一題解析。此處為“with賓語賓補”的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，邏輯主語為 paper, food packages and other garbage，與動詞 leave 之間是被動關(guān)系，故用過去分詞作賓補。故填 left。4picked解析：考查動詞的時態(tài)。句意：薩莉走上講臺，拿起一支粉筆在黑板上寫下：“規(guī)則1：我們是一家人！”。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設(shè)空處與 walked 和 wrote 為并列的謂語動詞，因此，應(yīng)用一般過去時，故填 picked。5to look解析：考查非謂語動詞。句意：所有學(xué)生都停下來看著她。此處指學(xué)生停下正在做的事情來看她，stop to do sth. 意為“停下來去做某事”。故填to look。6on/onto解析：考查介詞。句意：接下來的幾周，薩莉制定了10條班級規(guī)則，并把它們張貼在教室的墻上。post.on/onto.意為“把張貼在上”，故填 on 或 onto。7Surprisingly解析：考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。句意：令人驚訝的是，薩莉并沒有像之前的老師那樣被趕走，反而贏得了學(xué)生們的尊重。設(shè)空處在句中作狀語，修飾整個句子，應(yīng)用副詞。故填 Surprisingly。8instead解析：考查副詞。句意見上一題解析。根據(jù)句意可知，上下文是對比關(guān)系，設(shè)空處表示“而不是；相反”。故填instead。9as解析：考查定語從句。句意：在畢業(yè)典禮上，正如她所期待的那樣，她非常自豪地與一個細心、禮貌并且自信的班級站在一起。本句是一個非限制性定語從句，修飾整個句子，且位于句首，根據(jù)句意可知，設(shè)空處表示“正如”。故填 as。10confidence解析：考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。句意見上一題解析。設(shè)空處作介詞 of 的賓語，應(yīng)用名詞，故填 confidence。(對應(yīng)學(xué)生用書P113)一高考單詞識記·思考·運用1核心詞匯_clarify_ vt.澄清；闡明_accomplish_ vt.完成；達到；實現(xiàn)_conflict_ n矛盾；沖突_thrill_ vt.使激動；使膽戰(zhàn)心驚fold vt.折疊；對折_unfold_ vt.打開；拆開consist vi.組成，一致_consistent_ adj.一致的unite vi.& vt.聯(lián)合；團結(jié)_united_ adj.團結(jié)的；聯(lián)合的_union_ n聯(lián)合；聯(lián)盟；結(jié)合；協(xié)會convenience n便利；方便_convenient_ adj.方便的rough adj.粗糙的；粗暴的_roughly_ adv.粗略地；粗糙地attract vt.吸引；引起注意_attraction_ n吸引；吸引力_attractive_ adj.有吸引力的delight n快樂；喜悅 vt.使高興；使欣喜_delighted_ adj.高興的；快樂的2?？荚~匯description n_描寫；描述_describe vt._描述；形容；描繪_possibility n_可能(性)_possible adj._可能的；合理的_arrange vt._籌備；安排；整理_arrangement n_布置；整理_splendid adj._壯麗的；輝煌的_用所給單詞的適當形式填空1To begin with, well have our class in my home next Sunday if it is _convenient_ (convenience) to you.(2017·全國卷) 2These pieces can _be folded_ (fold) into a neat little pack and fastened on your belt.(2017·全國卷) 3Some people worry that the new language requirement may cause _conflicts_ (conflict) among people.(2017·浙江卷)4The _possibility_ (possible) of entering into and losing such a match should concentrate the minds of computer scientists.(2017·北京卷)5The author uses a conversation at the beginning of the passage _to clarify_ (clarify)his writing purpose.(2016·浙江卷)6My mother and father _were united_ (unite)in their way of raising children，but it mostly fell to my mother to actually carry it out.(2016·浙江卷)7This will give you the confidence you need to get you through the afternoon and go home feeling _accomplished_ (accomplish)(2016·全國卷)8Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius，who lived from _roughly_ (rough)551 to 479B.C.，influenced the development of chopsticks.(2016·全國卷)【聯(lián)想·積累】“高興”家族速覽delight n快樂，高興 vt.使高興，使欣喜；delighted adj.喜歡的，高興的；delightful adj.令人高興的happy adj.愉快的，高興的；happiness n快樂，幸福joy n歡樂，高興；joyful adj.快樂的，高興的glad adj.高興的，歡喜的please v(使)高興；pleased adj，高興的，滿意的；pleasure n高興，滿意merry adj.歡樂的，愉快的；merrily adv.快樂地后綴ence必備名詞集錦consequence 后果，結(jié)果convenience 方便dependence 依靠difference 不同emergence 緊急情況existence 存在intelligence 聰明influence 影響以“ity”為后綴的名詞速記possibility n可能性ability n能力popularity n受歡迎；普及；流行personality n性格；個性；人格nationality n國籍；民族；族minority n少數(shù)民族；少數(shù)；少數(shù)派；少數(shù)人前綴a高頻表語形容詞大全alike相同的；類似的asleep 睡著的alive 活的；有活力的awake 醒著的afraid 害怕的ashamed 羞愧的【完形填空】The murmur of the audience had just faded into silence.This was one of the most _1_ days in five­year­old Patricia McKee's life：the Kernot School Concert.She stood _2_ the curtain with her schoolmates.Yet she was not _3_ because everyone had been practicing for weeks and knew their _4_ by heart.Being in a remote country town，Patricia knew that everyone would _5_ for the big occasioneveryone！Yet，it was this awareness that added a sense of _6_ to her excitement.There were two people who couldn't be in that _7_ that nighther mum and dad.Patricia's parents _8_ the local general store，which was _9_ for business 24 hours.So it was simply _10_ that Mum and Dad could never attend community activities.It had been this way with her sister，so why should it be any _11_ for her?Still，Patricia couldn't help _12_ that her parents could be there to see her on such a special day，so she decided to _13_ the subject with her mother._14_，she had to face the facts.At such a young age，Patricia couldn't really understand the deep _15_ in her mother's response：“I'll try to be there，sweetheart，but you know how _16_ it is for us to get away from the store.”Yet as the curtain slowly opened, little Patricia got the _17_ of her life.There，sitting four rows the front was her mother with a big smile on her face!This powerful image _18_ one of Patricia's most treasured memories.“Words cannot express the pure joy we both _19_ at that moment，” said Patricia.Her parents have passed away, but what a wonderful legacy(遺產(chǎn)) they've left us：when someone really _20_ you，be there for them.1A.difficultBimportantCsad Dperfect2A.before BunderCbeside Dbehind3A.excited BmovedCafraid Dlost4A.parts BrelationsCjobs Dforms5A.join up BprepareCdrop in Dturn out6A.happiness BsadnessCwillingness Deagerness7A.audience BstoreCplay Dmovie8A.bought BgotCsold Dran9A.easy BopenCstill Dclosed10A.recognized BdeniedCaccepted Dincredible11A.different BsatisfiedCpersonal Dwise12A.thinking BtalkingClearning Dwishing13A.hand in Bgo throughCbring up Dput away14A.Surprisingly BHappilyCObviously DSadly15A.pain BmeaningCunderstanding Dthought16A.awful BhardCtroublesome Dthankful17A.blow BwonderCperson Dsurprise18A.remained BleftCtook Daffected19A.wanted BexperiencedCmade Dforgot20A.hates BlovesCcares Dneeds【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。父母因忙于看店無法去看Patricia McKee的演出，所以當Patricia突然看到母親出現(xiàn)在演出現(xiàn)場時，她非常驚訝。這一刻成了她一生的回憶。文章通過這件事告訴我們：當別人需要你時，請陪在他們身邊。1B考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)第二段中的“the big occasion”以及常識可知，對于五歲的Patricia來說，那天是一個重要的日子。B項意為“重要的”，符合語境。A項意為“困難的”；C項意為“悲傷的”；D項意為“完美的”，均與語境不符。故選B。2D考查介詞辨析。根據(jù)常識及第五段第一句“Yet as the curtain slowly opened”可知，出場前Patricia和她的同學(xué)站在幕布的后面。D項意為“在的后面”，符合語境。A項意為“在面前”；B項意為“在下面”；C項意為“在旁邊”，均與語境不符。故選D。3C考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)空格后的“because everyone had been practicing for weeks”可知，所有人都排練了幾個星期，所以她不害怕。C項意為“害怕的”，符合語境。A項意為“興奮的”；B項意為“感動的”；D項意為“迷惘的，困惑的”，均與語境不符。故選C。4A考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)本句中的“everyone had been practicing for weeks”可知，排練了幾個星期，每個人都記熟了自己的臺詞和動作。A項意為“角色，臺詞和動作”，符合語境。B項意為“關(guān)系”；C項意為“工作”；D項意為“形式”，均與語境不符。故選A。5D考查動詞(短語)辨析。根據(jù)語境可知，所有人都會出席這個盛大的活動。D項意為“出席，參加”，符合語境。A項意為“連接，聯(lián)合起來”；B項意為“準備”；C項意為“落進，順便拜訪”，均與語境不符。故選D。6B考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)下一句內(nèi)容可知，因為父母不能來觀看演出，所以Patricia在興奮的同時又有些難過。B項意為“悲傷，難過”，符合語境。A項意為“幸?！?；C項意為“樂意”；D項意為“渴望”，均與語境不符。故選B。7A考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)下一段內(nèi)容可知，此處指Patricia的父母親不能在現(xiàn)場當她的觀眾。A項意為“觀眾，聽眾”，符合語境。故選A。8D考查動詞辨析。根據(jù)空格后面的賓語“the local general store”可知，此處指Patricia的父母在當?shù)亟?jīng)營一家雜貨店。D項意為“經(jīng)營，參加，跑”，符合語境。故選D。9B考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)空格后面的“for business 24 hours”可知，這個雜貨店24小時營業(yè)。B項意為“開放的，營業(yè)的”，符合語境。故選B。10C考查詞義辨析。根據(jù)上下文可知，她的父母經(jīng)營一家24小時都營業(yè)的商店，所以她的父母從不參加社區(qū)活動是可以接受的。C項意為“公認可接受的，被認可的”，符合語境。A項意為“辨認出”；B項意為“否認”；D項意為“極好的，難以置信的”，均與語境不符。故選C。11A考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)前一句“It had been this way with her sister”可知，父母也沒有參加過姐姐的活動，所以對她不會有所不同。A項意為“不同的”，符合語境。B項意為“滿意的”；C項意為“個人的”；D項意為“明智的”，均與語境不符。故選A。12D考查動詞辨析。根據(jù)本句中的“Still”和“her parents could be there”可知，雖然如此，Patricia還是忍不住希望她的父母親能來看她演出。D項意為“希望”，符合語境。A項意為“想，認為”；B項意為“談?wù)摗?；C項意為“學(xué)習”，均與語境不符。故選D。13C考查動詞短語辨析。根據(jù)上文提到的Patricia希望她的父母能來看她演出和空格后面的賓語“the subject with her mother”可知，此處指Patricia決定向母親提出這個話題。C項意為“提出”，符合語境。A項意為“上交”；B項意為“經(jīng)歷”；D項意為“把收起來”，均與語境不符。故選C。14D考查副詞辨析。根據(jù)本句中的“she had to face the facts”以及下文母親的回答可知，她的母親并不確定能不能參加，所以很遺憾她只能接受這個事實。D項意為“不幸地，說來遺憾”，符合語境。A項意為“驚訝地”；B項意為“高興地”；C項意為“明顯地”，均與語境不符。故選D。15A考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)常識以及后來母親出現(xiàn)在觀眾席里可知，母親想?yún)⒓优畠旱幕顒訁s抽不出時間，她也很痛苦，但五歲的Patricia并不理解這種痛苦。A項意為“痛苦”，符合語境。B項意為“意思”；C項意為“理解”；D項意為“想法”，均與語境不符。故選A。16B考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)上文提及的24小時營業(yè)商店可知，她的父母親離開商店是一件很困難的事情。B項意為“困難的”，符合語境。A項意為“可怕的”；C項意為“麻煩的”；D項意為“感激的”，均與語境不符。故選B。17D考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)上文母親的回答可知，母親觀看Patricia的演出的可能性不大，所以當Patricia看到臺下的母親時，那真的是她人生中的驚喜。D項意為“驚喜，意想不到的事”，符合語境。A項意為“打擊”；B項意為“奇跡”；C項意為“人”，均與語境不符。故選D。18A考查動詞辨析。根據(jù)上文可知，母親的出現(xiàn)對Patricia來說是一個很大的驚喜，所以這一幕成為Patricia最珍貴的記憶之一。A項意為“繼續(xù)，依然”，符合語境。B項意為“離開”；C項意為“拿走”；D項意為“影響”，均與語境不符。故選A。19B考查動詞辨析?！皐e both _ at that moment”是省略了關(guān)系代詞that或which的定語從句，先行詞the pure joy在從句中作空格處所填詞的賓語。句意為Patricia說：“沒有言語能表達出我們在那一刻所體會到的那種純粹的快樂?！盉項意為“體會，感受”，符合語境。A項意為“想要”；C項意為“使得，制造”；D項意為“忘記”，均與語境不符。故選B。20D考查動詞辨析。通讀全文可知，文章通過 Patricia的經(jīng)歷告訴我們：當別人真正需要你時，要陪伴在他們的身邊。D項意為“需要”，符合語境。A項意為“憎恨”；B項意為“愛”；C項意為“在乎”，均與語境不符。故選D。二重點短語識記·思考·運用1動詞介詞/副詞divide._into_把分成break _away(from)_ 掙脫(束縛)；脫離leave _out_省去；遺漏；不考慮break _down_ (機器)損壞；破壞consist _of_ 由組成2to ones名詞_to_ ones credit為帶來榮譽；值得贊揚；在名下_to_ ones delight/joy 使某人高興的是_to_ ones surprise 使某人驚奇的是3in名詞(of)_in_ memory of 為了紀念in favour _of_ 支持in need _of_ 需要_in_ support of 支持4其他形式take the place _of_ 代替用左欄所給短語的適當形式填空1When the container is full, you can suck the refreshment out through the tube, and wont have to _break down_ the still every time you need a drink.(2017·全國卷)2Hannahs Place _is divided into_ several areas，providing shelter for people when it is so cold that sleeping outdoors can mean death.(2017·北京卷) 3More recently, the foundation began another campaign called National Red Scarf Daya day when people donate $20 and wear red scarves _in support of_ Canadas hungry and homeless.(2017·北京卷)4Listening is thus an active，not a passive，behavior _consisting of_ hearing，understanding and remembering.(2015·浙江卷)5This word is wrongly spelt.You have _left out_ a letter.6Computers have _taken the place of_ human beings in many fields so far.7The TV _broke down_ again，which made me very unhappy.8Taiwan is never allowed to _break away from_ the mainland anyway.It is known to all that it belongs to China.“動詞away”必備短語一覽blow away 吹走break away 擺脫carry away 拿走，使入迷die away 逐漸消失，減弱give away 背棄，贈送put away 收起來，存起來wash away 沖走take away 拿走throw away 扔掉turn away 把打發(fā)走“to onesn”必備短語薈萃to ones astonishment/surprise 令某人驚奇的是to ones disappointment 令某人失望的是to ones regret 使某人感到遺憾的是to ones shame 使某人慚愧的是“v.from”短語薈萃suffer from 遭受adapt from 從改編benefit from 從中獲益date from 始于result from 因而起escape from 從逃脫die from 死于hear from 收到某人的來信leave相關(guān)短語全接觸leave out 省去；遺漏；不考慮leave.alone 不管；不顧；撇下一個人leave behind 留下；遺忘leave for 動身前往(某處)三佳句選粹在解讀中學(xué)懂，在仿寫中學(xué)通背原句學(xué)句型練仿寫1.You must keep your eyes open if you are going to make your trip to the United Kingdom enjoyable and worthwhile.要使你的英國之行愉快且值得，你就必須留心觀察?！発eep/make賓語賓補”結(jié)構(gòu)。為了讓魚兒在河里自由自在快快樂樂地游來游去，我們必須讓河水保持干凈。We must _keep the river clean_ in order to _make the fish in it swim freely and happily_.2.Worried about the time available，Zhang Pingyu had made a list of the sites she wanted to see in London.由于擔心時間不夠，張萍玉早就把她想要在倫敦參觀的地點列了清單。過去分詞短語作狀語。在森林中迷了路，我們不得不待在原地等待幫助。_Lost in the forest_，we had to remain where we were，waiting for help.3.It looked splendid when first built!剛建成的時候，它看起來真是金碧輝煌！狀語從句的省略。剛被引入市場時，這些產(chǎn)品就取得了巨大的成功。_When first introduced to the market_，these products enjoyed great success.4.It seemed strange that the man who had developed communism should have lived and died in London.這似乎是一件怪事：這位發(fā)展了共產(chǎn)主義的人竟然在倫敦生活過，并且在倫敦去世。It seemed strange that.“似乎有點兒奇怪”，should have done表示對過去發(fā)生的事情感到驚訝?？雌饋砗芷婀?，他竟然拒絕了我們提出的行之有效的建議。It seemed strange that he _should have rejected_ the practical suggestion put forward by us.【七選五】As warming continues，scientists warn the oxygen content of oceans across the planet could be more and more reduced，with serious consequences for the future of fish and other sea life. 1 One is the simple fact that as water gets warmer，it can hold less dissolved(溶解的)oxygen.The other reason is less obvious.The entire ocean gets its oxygen from the surfaceeither from the atmosphere，or from photosynthesizing algae floating at the top of the sea. 2 Global warming is expected to reduce the mixing of the ocean by making surface seawater lighter.That's because in a warmer world we can expect more rainfall and more melting(融化)of glaciers，icebergs，and ice sheets. 3 The extra heat from the warming atmosphere will also make surface water expand and thus make it lighter still. 4 Instead，more of the oxygen will remain near the surface，where it will be used up by oxygen­breathing organisms.A low­oxygen ocean may become an inescapable feature of our planet.A team of Danish researchers wondered how long oxygen levels would drop if we could somehow reduce our carbon dioxide emissions to zero by 2100.They determined that over the next few thousand years oxygen levels would continue to fall，until they declined by 30 percent.The oxygen would slowly return to the oceans，but even 100，000 years from now they will not have fully recovered. 5 AIt's not known why the oxygen level of oceans has reduced.BScientists point to two reasons to expect a drop in ocean oxygen.CFresh water's inpouring will make the water at the ocean's surface lighter.DThe oxygen then spreads to the deep ocean as the surface water slowly sinks.EGlobal warming has caused the reduction of the oxygen content of oceans worldwide.FThe light surface water will be less likely to sink so the deep ocean will get less oxygen.GIf they are right，we have every reason to worry about the major effect it has on sea life.【語篇解讀】本文是說明文。文章簡要介紹了海水中氧氣含量主要原因及其可能對海洋生物帶來的長期的影響。1B從文章篇章結(jié)構(gòu)分析，本空為段落主旨句。本段介紹了全球變暖使海洋含氧量降低的原因，并且“One”“The other reason”與B項中的“two reasons”相呼應(yīng)，故選B。2D根據(jù)段落主旨和空前的“The entire ocean gets its oxygen from the surface.at the top of the sea.”可知，此處是通過說明海洋中氧氣的來源與循環(huán)來解釋海洋含氧量下降的原因的，故D項“然后，隨著表層海水的慢慢下沉，氧氣擴散至海洋深處”符合語境。3C根據(jù)空前的內(nèi)容和常識可知，雨水和冰川、冰山及冰原融水都屬于淡水，海洋中的水是咸水，而淡水的密度比咸水的小，因此淡水的注入會使海洋表面的水變得更輕。故C項符合語境。C項中的“make the water.lighter”與下文中的“make it lighter”的對應(yīng)關(guān)系亦是提示。4F根據(jù)空前的“The extra heat from the warming atmosphere will .”和空后的“Instead，more of the oxygen will remain.”可知，F(xiàn)項與空前的句子的句式相同，且與空后的句子的內(nèi)容存在語意上的轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故F項符合語境。5GG項中的“they”與上文中的“A team of Danish researchers”相呼應(yīng)，且上文講到即使我們把二氧化碳的排放降低到零，海洋含氧量也需要很長時間才能恢復(fù)，其對海洋生物造成的影響將是長期的，故G項“如果他們是對的，那么我們完全有理由對它對海洋生物的重大影響感到擔憂”符合語境。 13