Unit 3 Inventors and inventions 基礎(chǔ)回顧.單句語法填空(導(dǎo)學(xué)號02516346)1What was it that distinguished her from her classmates?2We must always bear in mind that China is a big country with a huge population.3The exhibition was organized by the school in association (associate) with local artists.4When you come to school, please visit my office at your convenience (convenient)5The service offers young people practical (practice) advice on finding a job.6Whether or not the secretary will be fired is at the mercy (merciful) of her boss.7I believe that you are innocent (innocence), and I'll stand up for you anywhere.8We all have an expectation (expect) that he can pass the driving test next week.9I have filled in the form and filed (file) my patent application with the Patent Office.10In my opinion, only by facing difficulties bravely and seizing (seize) opportunities can one succeed.單句改錯(每句一錯)(導(dǎo)學(xué)號02516347)1Distinguishing for its diligence and courage, the Chinese Nation has attracted the attention from the world.DistinguishingDistinguished2Sometimes teachers will inform students of the heavy burden the students have to bear with.去掉with3The teacher's abruptly ending speaking can make some students focus their attention on their listening.abruptlyabrupt4The new government must set out finding solutions to the country's economic problems.outabout5It is so cold and frozen that we have to stay at home.frozenfreezing.佳句寫作(導(dǎo)學(xué)號02516348)1早上丟失了一小時，你就得在一天剩下的時間里努力尋找這一小時。(祈使句and陳述句)答案：Lose one hour in the morning，and you will be looking for it the rest of the day.2只有這樣做，我們才能讓世界更美好。(倒裝)答案：Only by doing so can we help to make the world a better place.3這個明星那么平易近人以至于她與粉絲相處得很好。(so.that.)答案：This star is so easy­going that she can get along well with her fans.4我們必須牢記是共產(chǎn)黨(the Communist Party)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)我們走向勝利的。(keep in mind)答案：We must keep in mind that it is the Communist Party that leads us to victory.5似乎沒什么可以做的了，只有派人去請醫(yī)生。(There seem to be.)答案：There seemed to be nothing left to do but send for the doctor.技能提升.閱讀理解(導(dǎo)學(xué)號02516349)(2018·衡水模擬)A team of engineers at Harvard University have been inspired by Nature to create the first robotic fly. The mechanical fly has become a platform for a series of new high­tech integrated systems. Designed to do what a fly does naturally, the tiny machine is the size of a fat housefly. Its mini wings allow it to stay in the air and perform controlled flight tasks.“It's extremely important for us to think about this as a whole system and not just the sum of a bunch of individual components (元件)，” said Robert Wood, the Harvard engineering professor who has been working on the robotic fly project for over a decade. A few years ago，his team got the go­ahead to start piecing together the components. “The added difficulty with a project like this is that actually none of those components are off the shelf and so we have to develop them all on our own，” he said.They engineered a series of systems to start and drive the robotic fly. “The seemingly simple system which just moves the wings has a number of interdependencies on the individual components, each of which individually has to perform well, but then has to be matched well to everything it's connected to.” said Wood. The flight device was built into a set of power，computation, sensing and control systems. Wood says the success of the project proves that the flying robot with these tiny components can be built and manufactured.While this first robotic flyer is linked to a small, off­board power source, the goal is eventually to equip it with a built­in power source, so that it might someday perform data­gathering work at rescue sites, in farmers' fields or on the battlefield. “Basically it should be able to take off, land and fly around，” he said.Wood says the design offers a new way to study flight mechanics and control insect­scale. Yet, the power, sensing and computation technologies on board could have much broader applications.“You can start thinking about using them to answer open scientific questions, you know, to study biology in ways that would be difficult with the animals, but using these robots instead，” he said. “So there are a lot of technologies and open interesting scientific questions that are really what drive us on a day to day basis.”語篇解讀本文主要講述哈佛大學(xué)從自然界的昆蟲那里得到了靈感，設(shè)計開發(fā)了第一款機器蒼蠅。文章介紹了該項研究存在的困難，研究將要發(fā)展的方向和該研究會帶來的好處。1The difficulty the team of engineers met with while making the robotic fly was that _.Athey had no model in their mindBthey did not have enough timeCthey had no ready­made componentsDthey could not assemble the components解析：C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段可知類似這樣的項目的一個額外的困難就是，這些組成部件從來就沒有現(xiàn)成的，不得不靠自己去開發(fā)，可知困難就是沒有現(xiàn)成的組成部件。2It can be inferred from Paragraphs 3 and 4 that the robotic fly _.Aconsists of a flight device and a control systemBcan just fly in limited areas at the present timeCcan collect information from many sourcesDhas been put into wide application解析：B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段的“While this first robotic flyer is linked to a small，off­board power source”可知，目前由于電池等的限制，機器蒼蠅只能在有限的區(qū)域飛行。3Which of the following can be learned from the passage?AThe robotic flyer is designed to learn about insects.BAnimals are not allowed in biological experiments.CThere used to be few ways to study how insects fly.DWood's design can replace animals in some experiments.解析：D推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的“you know，to study biology in ways that would be difficult with the animals，but using these robots instead”可知，有些試驗用動物很困難，但是可以用機器人來替代。4Which of the following might be the best title for the passage?AFather of Robotic FlyBInspiration from Engineering ScienceCRobotic Fly Imitates Real Life InsectDHarvard Breaks Through in Insect Study解析：C主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段可知主要講述的是哈佛大學(xué)從自然界的昆蟲那里得到了靈感，設(shè)計開發(fā)了第一款機器蒼蠅。.完形填空(2018·海南五校高三第二次模擬)One rainy afternoon I was sitting at home feeling so bored. _1_ feeling sorry for myself, I wanted to meet people and have new _2_ so I decided to start volunteering. I found a website where I could volunteer on a farm in France.Volunteering _3_ so many opportunities to have fun and share _4_ stories. It was the first time for me to work on a farm. It was almost a(n) _5_ holiday as food and accommodation were provided. It was not one _6_ holiday，however，as I had to _7_ fifteen horses and sheep! I soon discovered that I was a(n) _8_ farmer but it did not matter because I made some great friends and also improved my _9_.However，you do not _10_ go abroad to volunteer. I have had plenty of adventures at home as volunteering can become a _11_. For example，I love _12_ so I had a good laugh waving my arms in order to _13_ my local choir (合唱團(tuán)). At university, I organized a concert for charity with my friends. It was really _14_ to find bands and raise money for a cause.It is true that you feel good volunteering but there are also other _15_. I once volunteered as a steward(干事) at a charity sports event where the organizers _16_ gave me cupcakes from an expensive London bakery to thank me for my _17_. I also volunteered in a charity shop so I found loads of nice cheap clothes to _18_ my wardrobe.While this is all fun，my favourite aspect of volunteering is _19_ and sharing stories. My terrible _20_ at farming has given me funny stories to tell!語篇解讀本文是一篇記敘文，講述了作者從事志愿工作的經(jīng)歷以及志愿工作的優(yōu)點。1A.Apart fromBDue toCInstead of DBut for解析：C下文提到作者決定做志愿工作，故這里應(yīng)是“我想見別人并有新的經(jīng)歷，而不是自怨自艾”。Instead of “而不是，取代”，符合語境。2A.experiences BdiscoveriesCopportunities Dchanges解析：A參見上題解析。experience意為“經(jīng)歷”，符合語境。3A.recommends BdemandsCoffers Dseizes解析：C此處指“志愿工作提供很多能讓人玩得愉快并分享精彩的故事的機會”。offer “提供”，符合語境。4A.popular BfantasticCfamiliar Dimportant解析：B參見上題解析。fantastic意為“美妙的，精彩的”，符合語境。5A.impressive BfreeCcheap Dspecial解析：B根據(jù)下文的“as food and accommodation were provided”可知，農(nóng)場提供食物和住宿，故此處表示它幾乎是一個免費的(free)假期。6A.unique BregularCtypical Dconvenient解析：C根據(jù)上文的“work on a farm”及下文的“as I had to _7_ fifteen horses and sheep”可知，這不是一個典型的(typical)假期，因為作者在農(nóng)場工作，而且必須照顧十五匹馬和羊。7A.attend to Bresearch intoChunt for Dcommunicate with解析：A參見上題解析。attend to sb./sth.意為“照顧某人/某物”。8A.skillful BsuitableChard­working Dawful解析：D根據(jù)下文的“but”及最后一段中的“My terrible _20_ at farming”可知，此處指“不久我就發(fā)現(xiàn)我是一個糟糕的(awful)農(nóng)民”。9A.English BFrenchCRussian DChinese解析：B根據(jù)第一段中的“on a farm in France”可知，作者在法國的農(nóng)場從事志愿工作，所以應(yīng)是提高法語。10A.normally BbasicallyCnaturally Dnecessarily解析：D根據(jù)下文的“I have had plenty of adventures at home.”可知，作者在國內(nèi)有許多冒險經(jīng)歷，故可推知“你不一定要去國外從事志愿工作”。necessarily意為“必要地”，not necessarily “不一定”。11A.hobby BtrendCjob Dreality解析：A下文提到的志愿工作顯然是作者的愛好，關(guān)鍵詞 “l(fā)ove” 就是暗示，故用hobby。12A.dancing BwritingCsinging Dperforming解析：C根據(jù)下文的“my local choir(合唱團(tuán))”和“I organized a concert for charity.”可知，作者喜歡唱歌(singing)。13A.greet BcontrolCorganize Dconduct解析：D根據(jù)上文的“I had a good laugh waving my arms.”及后面的“my local choir(合唱團(tuán))”可推知，此處指揮動胳膊來指揮(conduct)當(dāng)?shù)氐暮铣獔F(tuán)。14A.powerful BhopefulCmeaningful Dsuccessful解析：C找樂隊并為慈善事業(yè)籌錢真的很有意義。meaningful意為“有意義的”，符合語境。15A.adventures BadvantagesCfactors Dachievements解析：B根據(jù)下文的“gave me cupcakes.”“so I found loads of nice cheap clothes”可知，這里說的是“你確實能感受到志愿工作的好處，但是它還有其他的優(yōu)點(advantages)”。16A.generously BcautiouslyCequally Dproudly解析：A根據(jù)下文的“.cupcakes from an expensive London bakery to thank me.”可知組織者很大方地給作者很貴的杯形蛋糕。generously意為“慷慨地，大方地”，符合語境。17A.services BpatienceCdetermination Dchoices解析：A根據(jù)上文的“I once volunteered as a steward(干事) at a charity sports event.”可知，組織者給作者杯形蛋糕是為了感謝作者的服務(wù)(services)，故選A項。18A.decorate BreplaceCbeautify Dupdate解析：D根據(jù)上下文可知，作者在慈善商店找到許多漂亮、便宜的衣服來更新自己的衣櫥。19A.creating BimaginingCchoosing Dcompleting解析：A此處指“但對于志愿工作，我最喜歡的方面是創(chuàng)造(creating)并分享故事”。20A.offence BshameCattempt Dannoyance解析：C結(jié)合語境和文章的情感基調(diào)可知，這里應(yīng)是說作者在農(nóng)場的嘗試讓作者有了可以分享的有趣的故事。attempt意為“努力，嘗試”，符合語境。.短文改錯(導(dǎo)學(xué)號02516350)While away in another city to attend a concert, I have my handbag stolen. My bag contained the money I needed pay for my accommodation. It made me real worried! While looking for a hotel I was staying in，I asked a taxi driver for directions. On heard about what had happened, he offered to take me to there for free. What's more，he handed I 100 yuan when he left the hotel. I refused to take them. He insisted, and told me he had been in a similar situation once and that a woman had helped him. When he asked about her phone number so he could returned the money, the woman simply replied. “Don't pay it backpay it forward！”So, he did!答案：8