話題二 家庭、朋友和周圍的人子話題(一)相關人員1家人grandparents n祖父母，外祖父母grandfather n. 爺爺，外公grandmother n. 奶奶，外婆grandchild n. (外)孫子或孫女grandson n. 孫子，外孫granddaughter n. (外)孫女stepfather n. 繼父stepmother n. 繼母father­in­law n. 岳父；公公mother­in­law n. 岳母；婆婆brother­in­law n. 姐(妹)夫；小叔；大伯sister­in­law n. 嫂子，弟媳daughter­in­law n. 兒媳uncle n. 叔；伯；舅；姑父；姨父aunt n. 嬸；伯母；舅媽；姑媽；姨nephew n. 侄子，外甥niece n. 侄女，外甥女cousin n. 堂(表)兄弟，堂(表)姐妹 housewife n. 家庭主婦couple n. 夫婦，一對 host n. 主人；節(jié)目主持人hostess n. 女主人 bride n. 新娘 bridegroom n. 新郎twin n. 雙胞胎2朋友和周圍的人relative n. 親屬，親戚partner n. 伙伴；同伴fellow n. 同伴；伙伴monitor n. 班長pen­pal n. 筆友net­pal n. 網(wǎng)友stranger n. 陌生人director n. 主任headteacher n. 班主任；中小學校長headmaster n. (中小學)校長neighbour n. 鄰居，鄰人villager n. 村民roommate n. 室友，舍友acquaintance n. 熟人；相識elder n. 長輩；老人；父輩senior n. 年長者；高年級生junior n. 年幼者；低年級生adult n. 成年人 teenager n. 青少年middle age n. 中年companion n. 同伴；同事；伴侶colleague n. 同事，同僚president n. 總統(tǒng)；董事長；大學校長chairman n. 主席manager n. 經(jīng)理子話題(二)人際關系1和諧的人際關系harmony n和睦，和諧harmonious adj. 和諧的friendly adj. 友好的considerate adj. 體貼的admirable adj. 值得贊賞的，可欽佩的respectful adj. 恭敬的，有禮貌的consult vt. 請教；商量appreciate vt. 欣賞；感激associate vt. 使聯(lián)合respect vt.& n. 尊重understand vt. 理解；領會understanding n. 理解accompany vt. 陪同，陪伴share vt. 分享，共同使用cooperate vi. 合作forgive vt. 原諒congratulate vt. 祝賀congratulation n. 祝賀enthusiastic adj. 熱情的precious adj. 珍貴的grateful adj. 感激的sincere adj. 真誠的conscience n. 良心；良知merciful adj. 寬大的；仁慈的modest adj. 謙虛的；謙遜的reliable adj. 可信賴的patient adj. 有耐心的trust vt. 相信；信任promote vt. 促進；提升make up 和解communicate with 與交流be ready to help others 樂于助人be concerned for/about 對擔心/關心share .with . 與分享depend/rely on 依靠，相信，信賴have .in common 有共同之處fit in with 與相適應/相融洽get on/along well with sb. 與某人相處融洽be in harmony with . 與和諧相處/協(xié)調(diào)be on good terms with sb. 與某人關系好2不和諧的人際關系fight n& vi. 打架；打斗quarrel n& vi. 爭吵；吵架conflict n. 沖突tolerance n. 忍受barrier n. 屏障，障礙friction n. 摩擦prejudice n. 偏見，成見tension n. 緊張局勢abandon vt. 拋棄，舍棄，放棄abuse vt. 虐待；辱罵；濫用divorce vt. 離婚condemn vt. 譴責，指責，宣判blame vt. 責備，指責complain vt.& vi. 抱怨embarrass vt. 使尷尬misunderstand vt. 誤會；誤解bother vt. 打擾；麻煩break up 分手；解散；結束be bored with 厭煩be fed up with 受夠了be to blame 應受責備have words with 與發(fā)生口角1I didnt realize the importance of cooperating with others until I was chosen monitor of my class in my senior middle school.直到上高中我被選為班長時我才意識到與他人合作的重要性。2Just as the saying goes, “One tree doesnt make a forest”， our success is based on cooperating with others.正如諺語所言：“獨木難成林”，我們的成功是建立在與他人合作的基礎上的。3We should be kind to one another, which is essential to enjoying a harmonious life.我們應當彼此友善，這對于享受和諧的生活是絕對必要的。4With friendship, life is happy and harmonious. Without friendship, life is hostile and unfortunate. 擁有友誼，生活就會快樂又和諧；沒有友誼，生活就會充滿敵意與不幸。5As far as Im concerned, to build a good relationship, we should trust each other first.就我個人而言，要建立良好的關系，我們首先應該彼此信任。6As is known to us all, children spend less time having heart­to­heart talks with their parents when they grow older.眾所周知，當孩子們長大的時候，他們與他們的父母進行知心交談的時間更少了。7As we all know, making friends can help us establish good interpersonal relationships, and build a harmonious society.眾所周知，交友有助于我們建立良好的人際關系，也有利于構建和諧社會。8It was your help and kindness that made my study and life in the UK special and enjoyable.正是你的幫助和熱心讓我在英國的學習和生活既特別又快樂。9I hope we can stay in touch with each other so that we can communicate with each other to know more about the Chinese and British culture.我希望我們之間能相互保持聯(lián)系，這樣我們就可以相互交流，從而了解更多的中國和英國的文化。10Therefore, we should keep calm no matter what happens in the future. Only in this way can we deal with things correctly and maintain our friendship.因此，不管將來發(fā)生什么事情我們都應該保持冷靜，只有用這種方式我們才能恰當?shù)靥幚韱栴}并維護好我們的友誼。(2016·邢臺高三模擬)“言語能夠傷人”，請結合生活中的事例說明這一觀點。詞數(shù)：100左右。范文必背My deskmate admires my fluent English very much and I usually feel encouraged by his compliments.One day, when we learned the new word “eccentric” in class, we were asked to make a sentence with it. I volunteered to do it by saying “My deskmate is an eccentric boy whose clothes never fit him.” Hearing this, the whole class burst into laughter and my deskmates face turned red. After class, I learned from the teacher that my deskmate would have dropped out of school if he hadnt been helped by others. My mindless words must have hurt him deeply.Not until then did I realize words could be powerful in both positive and negative ways. We should avoid hurting others when we speak.佳句演練(1)寫出句的同義句The_moment_they_heard_this,_the whole class burst_out_laughing and my deskmates face turned red.(2)用強調(diào)句式改寫句(強調(diào)時間狀語)It_was_not_until_then_that I realized words could be powerful in both positive and negative ways.6