2022年高中英語(yǔ) Unit 2What is happiness to you-grammar and usage教案1 牛津譯林版選修6Step 1: General introduction and explanation to past and future tense Past tenseI. The simple past tense:It is often used to talk about something that happened in the past and is now finished.e.g. She worked late into night yesterday.II. The past continuous tense:The tense is to talk about something that happened in the past and continued for some time.e.g. She knew that as a famous dancer she was making her parents proud in those years.III. The past perfect tense:1. The past perfect tense is often used with the simple past tense. If one action happens before another in the past, the past perfect tense is used.e.g. Upon entering the tomb, Carters lucky pet bird , which had led him to the place, was eaten by a snake.2. The past perfect tense is sometimes used in reported speeche.g. “We emptied the tomb of everything it contained,” said Carter. Carter said that they had emptied the tomb of everything it contained.3. The use of the past perfect tense simply indicates that an action es before another past action, used with time expressions such as when, after, before, as soon as, until, by, for and alreadye.g. I had done my homework this morning before I went to the museum. Future tenseI. The form and usage of the simple future tense：1. will/shall do:表示將來(lái)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或出現(xiàn)的狀態(tài),shall僅與第一人稱連用2. be going to do:表示主語(yǔ)計(jì)劃打算的行動(dòng)或看來(lái)就要發(fā)生的事情3. be doing:表示計(jì)劃或安排好的動(dòng)作（go, e, leave, begin 等動(dòng)詞）4. be to do:表示客觀上計(jì)劃或安排好的動(dòng)作5. be about to do:表示即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,一般不帶時(shí)間副詞或短語(yǔ)6. do:表示與安排，計(jì)劃或時(shí)刻表有關(guān)的動(dòng)作；或用于if, when等狀語(yǔ)從句中代替will do.II. The usage of the future continuous tense:1. Talk about something that will be in progress at a certain time or over a period of time in the future. (討論將來(lái)某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)或時(shí)間段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作)e.g. Toby will not be in London next Tuesday. He will be climbing in the Himalayas.Toby will be climbing in the Himalayas all next week.1. Express future without intention. When it is used in this way, we want to indicate that something will happen naturally. It doesnt imply that the speaker has arranged the action.（表示不包含說(shuō)話者主觀意愿的純粹將來(lái)。使用這種方式，我們想表達(dá)某件事會(huì)很自然地發(fā)生，說(shuō)話者并不參與安排或計(jì)劃。）比較下列各句：e.g. Tom wont cut the grass.（Tom refuses to cut the grass.）Tom wont be cutting the grass.（The sentence is only a statement of fact, giving no information about Toms intention. Perhaps Tom is away, or ill, or will be doing some other job.）3. Make polite enquiries about other peoples future plans. (委婉地詢問(wèn)對(duì)方的未來(lái)計(jì)劃，比用will do聽(tīng)起來(lái)更有禮貌。)e.g. What will you be doing tomorrow?Will you be working all day?III. The usage of the future in the past is to talk about an event which was in the future at the time when it was discussed.Eg.Before she came here, she said she was going to beat others in the game.Step 2: Practice(語(yǔ)法練習(xí))： I. 用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)?shù)倪^(guò)去時(shí)或?qū)?lái)時(shí)的形式填充。1. Let's keep to the point or we _ never_ (reach) any decisions.2. My mind wasn't on what he was saying, so I'm afraid I_ (miss) half of it.3. I dont think Jim saw me; he _ just _ (start) into space.4. I _ (ask) you not to move my dictionarynow I can't find it.5. Sales of CDs have greatly increased since the early 1990s, when people _ (begin) to enjoy the advantages of this new technology.6. -George and Lucy got married last week. Did you go to their wedding? -No, I _ _ _(invite). Did they have a big wedding? 7. Shirley _ (write) a book about China last year but I dont know whether she has finished it.8. John and I have been friends for eight years. We first got to know each other at a Christmas party. But we _ _(see) each other a couple of times before that.9. His wife _ _ (hope) to catch the first train but she was too late.10. I _ _ (catch) in the heavy rain on the way to the cinema.11. I found the sentence _ _ (not read) smoothly.12. What he had said at the meeting _ (prove) true.13. -Did you see Tom at the party? - No. He _ _ (leave) by the time I arrived.14. - How time flies! Its already 10 oclock. - Oh, I _ _ (not realize) it at all.15. - Im sorry that I shouldnt have been so rude to you. - You did_ (lose) your temper but thats OK.II.用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)?shù)倪^(guò)去時(shí)或?qū)?lái)時(shí)的形式確翻譯下列各句 ：1. The thief tried to break away from the policeman who _ _(一直抓著) him but failed.2. -What were you doing when Tony phoned you? -I had just finished my work and _ _(正準(zhǔn)備開(kāi)始)to take a shower. 3. -You were out when I dropped in at your house. -Oh, I_ _(在等候)for a friend from England at the airport. 4. - Why havent you asked her to e here? - She _(正在做工) an important experiment when I found her and she hasnt finished it. 5. - What were you up to when she dropped in? - I_ _(剛玩了一會(huì)兒)for a while and _ _ _ _(正打算看書(shū)) some reading.6.Turn on the television or open a magazine and you _often_(會(huì)看到) advertisement showing happy families.7. - What place is it?- Havent you seen that we are back where we _(回到了原地)?8. - Tomorrow is my birthday. Id like you and Jane to e.- Im not sure if she _ _ (將)free. 9. The crazy fans _ _ _(一直在等)patiently for two hours and they would wait till the movie star arrived. 10. You_ _(要求你ask) not to move the desknow it is broken. KeysI. 1. will never reach 2. missed 3. was; staring 4. asked 5. began 6. hadn't been invited 7. wrote 8. had seen 9. had hoped 10. was caught11. didnt read 12. proved 13. had left 14. didnt realize 15. lose II. 1. was holding 2. was starting 3. was waiting 4. was doing 5. had played; was going to do 6. will; see 7. were 8. will be 9. had been waiting 10. was asked