Unit 1Friends and Friendship一、單詞寫 得 準(zhǔn)用 得 活(用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)1.viewvt.看待；認(rèn)為n. 風(fēng)景；景色2.exchangevt. 交換3.overlookvt. 忽略；俯瞰4.honourvt. 尊敬；給以榮譽5.approachvi. 接近；靠近6.riskvt. 使面臨危險；冒險7.attackn. 發(fā)作；侵襲；傷害；攻擊8.toleratevt. 忍受；承受9.delight vt.使高興 n高興delightedadj.高興的delightfuladj.令人高興的；使人快樂的10.distant adj.遙遠(yuǎn)的；冷漠的；不太友好的distancen距離11.pain n痛苦；苦惱；折磨painfuladj.痛苦的12.confuse vt.使困惑；把(某人)弄糊涂confusedadj.糊涂的confusingadj.令人困惑的；難以理解的confusionn困惑；混亂13.embarrass vt.使尷尬；使難為情embarrassedadj.尷尬的；難為情的embarrassingadj.令人尷尬的embarrassmentn局促不安；困窘14.disappoint vt.使失望；使沮喪disappointedadj.失望的；沮喪的disappointingadj.令人失望的disappointmentn失望；沮喪15.imagine v想象imaginaryadj.想象中的；不真實的imaginationn想象16.suffer vi.受苦；吃苦頭；感到疼痛、悲傷等sufferingn痛苦；疼痛；苦難1.The man is always distant towards his neighbors, so his neighbors often keep him at a distance.(distant)2.He was really confused by the confusing problem which also confused other people for a long time.(confuse)3.He was disappointed at the disappointing news, so there was a disappointed look on his face.(disappoint)4.He takes great delight in proving others wrong.When he does it, he feels delighted.But I don't think what he does is delightful.(delight)5.The embarrassing situation which he was in embarrassed him so much.But to our embarrassment,_he left the party without saying goodbye to us.(embarrass)6.They suffered a lot during the earthquake, and the suffering they had was beyond description.(suffer)7.Smith is a writer with great imagination. He has written several imaginary novels. We all imagine him as a talented writer.(imagine)8.She had a painful experience when she was young, which brought her great pain.(pain)1.“景色，風(fēng)景”名詞小聚viewscenesight scenerylandscape outlook2前綴over­動詞薈萃overlook 忽略overdo 做得過分overestimate 高估overflow 溢出overdraw 透支3.“美式”or“英式”英語honorhonour榮譽laborlabour 勞動rumorrumour 傳聞；謠言humorhumour 幽默favorfavour 恩惠，贊成neighborneighbour 鄰居behaviorbehaviour 行為4多樣“方法”名詞way 方法，方式means 方法，手段method方法，辦法approach 方法，途徑manner 方式，方法5含att­形近詞集錦attack v&n. 攻擊；抨擊attach vt. 使依附attract vt. 吸引attain vt. 達到，實現(xiàn)attend v. 出席；上(學(xué))attempt v&n. 企圖，試圖 二、短語寫 得 準(zhǔn)用 得 活(選用左欄短語填空)1.in_a_very_general_way一般地；寬泛地2.be_based_on/upon 建于之上3.no_longer/not_._any_longer 不再4.fade_away 逐漸消失5.by_chance 偶然地6.pick_up 重新開始；繼續(xù)7.leave_off 停止8.die_of 死于9.suffer_from 遭受；患病10.at_first 起初；起先11.be_interested_in_doing_sth. 對于感興趣12.out_of 從中13.for_a_while 一會兒14.in the blink of an eye 一眨眼功夫15.as the weeks went by 幾周過去了1.Mostly males suffer_from that disease; women seldom get it.2.So many years going by, the figures in the picture have begun to fade_away.3.My high school friend, whom I haven't seen for 20 years, is no_longer what he used to be.4.The little match girl died_of hunger and cold in the story, leaving all readers feeling sad.5.I need to pick_up my luggage before leaving. 6.Theory is_based_on/upon practice and in turn serves practice. 7.Whether by_chance or by design, it happened that there were almost 150 people in the station.8.The teacher took up the lesson where she left_off yesterday.1.way介詞短語大全in a very general way一般地；寬泛地on one's way to 在某人去的路上 by the way 順便說in this way 用這種方式in no way 決不in the/sb.'s way 擋著的路2.“byn.”短語速記by chance偶然地by mistake 無意中by accident 偶然地by design 故意地by nature 天生地3.pick短語小結(jié)pick up重新開始pick out 挑出，辨認(rèn)出pick off 摘掉，摘下pick at 一點一點地吃pick on 故意刁難三、句式背 原 句明 句 式學(xué) 仿 寫1.He does not understand the way Americans view friendship.他不理解美國人看待友誼的方式。the way 后跟定語從句，可省略關(guān)系詞或用that/in which。最令我驚奇的是她對她父親說話的方式。What surprised me most was the way that/in_which_she_spoke_to_her_father.2. but I could see the pain and disappointment in her eyes whenever anyone opened the front door and the hope whenever she heard a dog bark.但每當(dāng)有人打開前門時，我能看到她眼神中的痛苦和失望；每當(dāng)聽到狗叫聲時，她充滿了希望。whenever引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。無論什么時候我犯了錯誤，老師總是耐心地把它們指出來。Whenever_I_made_mistakes,_the teacher always pointed them out with patience.3.Lying next to it, one arm wrapped around the statue's neck, was Lightning, satisfactorily sleeping with her best friend.靠著雕像躺著的正是“閃電”，她一只手臂抱著雕像的脖子，心滿意足地和她最好的朋友睡覺呢。獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)作伴隨狀語。所有的票賣完了，我們只好等著看下場演出。All_the_tickets_sold_out,_we had to wait for the next show.第一板塊核心單詞歸納集釋1view n風(fēng)景；視野；觀點；見解vt.看待；認(rèn)為；觀看教材原句He does not understand the way Americans view friendship.他不理解美國人對待友誼的方式。一詞多義寫出下列句中view的含義In this lecture, I can only give you a purely personal view of how we can live life to the full.觀點；見解He climbed up to the top of the church tower to get a better view of the entire city.風(fēng)景If we sit near the front of the bus, we'll have a better view.視野I got an opportunity to view the movie before it was released.觀看(1)come into view看得見，進入視野in view 在視野范圍內(nèi)have a good view of 清楚地看到；飽覽in view of 鑒于；考慮到in one's viewfrom one's point of view 在某人看來(2)view . as . 把看作In_view_of changing situations, they viewed their former enemies as friends.考慮到形勢的變化，他們把先前的敵人看作朋友了。In my view, I am opposed to charging for parking.就我個人而言，我反對停車收費。扮靚寫作例句的其他表達方式In my opinion, I object to charging for parking.As far as I'm concerned, I have an objection to charging for parking.From my point of view, I'm against charging for parking.2exchange n交換；交流；互換vt./vi.調(diào)換；交換高考佳句It has been two weeks since you came to our school for the exchange program, which has benefited all of us.(2016·天津高考書面表達)你們來我們學(xué)校做交流活動已經(jīng)兩周了，這使我們所有人都很受益。(1)make an exchange交換in exchange (for .) 作為交換()(2)exchange sth.for sth. 用交換exchange sth.with sb. 與某人交換某物(3)exchange student 兩國交換的留學(xué)生cultural exchange 文化交流In addition, I have volunteered to help two exchange_students with their Mandarin learning during the past two years.(2015·四川高考滿分作文)此外，在過去兩年我自愿幫助兩名交流生學(xué)習(xí)普通話。I've offered to paint the kitchen in_exchange_for a week's accommodation.我愿意粉刷廚房，來換取一周的食宿。Meanwhile, they exchange_ideas_and_feelings_with each other, through which they probably acquire more knowledge.(2015·重慶高考寫作)同時，他們互相交流觀點和情感，通過此種方式他們很可能會獲得更多的知識。3distance n距離；遠(yuǎn)方；遙遠(yuǎn)；疏遠(yuǎn)教材原句At first, Sam and Lightning were very cautious with each other and kept their distance.起初，山姆和閃電彼此非常謹(jǐn)慎，并保持一定的距離。(1)in the distance在遠(yuǎn)方at a distance 隔一段距離；距離稍遠(yuǎn)at a distance of . 在遠(yuǎn)的地方keep sb. at a distance 對某人冷淡；與某人疏遠(yuǎn)within walking distance 步行即可到達(2)distant adj. 遙遠(yuǎn)的；遠(yuǎn)處的；久遠(yuǎn)的We spotted them waving to us at_a_distance_of two hundred yards.我們在相距200碼處看到他們在向我們招手示意。Do you have an apartment available within walking distance of the university?你們這兒有沒有步行能到大學(xué)的公寓？名師指津提問距離多遠(yuǎn)時，如果用distance，則用疑問詞what。What is the distance between Philadelphia and Chicago?從費城到芝加哥有多遠(yuǎn)？4suffer vi.受苦；吃苦頭；感到疼痛、悲傷等 vt.遭受；蒙受高考佳句It is true that we may suffer from failure from time to time.(2014·福建高考滿分作文)沒錯，我們可能會不時地遭受失敗。(1)suffer from .受折磨；受之苦，患疾病(2)suffering n. (指肉體或精神上遭受的)痛苦，疼痛， 苦難sufferer n. 患病者，受苦者；受難者Not only can the environment of a country suffer from the sudden growth of tourism. The people as well rapidly feel its effects.旅游業(yè)的突然增長不僅可能使國家的環(huán)境遭殃，人們也很快會受到影響。The civil war of Syria has brought great suffering (suffer) to tens of thousands of people.敘利亞內(nèi)戰(zhàn)已經(jīng)給數(shù)萬人帶來了巨大痛苦。.基礎(chǔ)點全練(單句語法填空/補全句子)1As for me, I take great delight in gardening, for my father is an advanced gardener.2You could suffer from bad health if you keep smoking.3It is rather embarrassing (embarrass) that we still do not know how many species there are in the world today.4It was difficult to get to know her because she always kept everyone at a distance.5We all think it is a disappointing match and we are all disappointed at it.(disappoint)6Those robbers broke into the bank at the risk of being_caught (catch) by the police.7As_I_approached_the_house (當(dāng)我靠近那座房子的時候), I noticed a light upstairs.8The brave soldier risked_his_life (冒著生命危險) to save the drowning boy. As a result, he lost his life.重難點多練1view全掃描介詞填空In my view, you're wrong to impose your idea on others.In view of such serious situation, environmental tools of transportation like bicycles are more important than any time before.When the car was first made, the design was viewed as highly original.Looking around, I found nobody was in view.With the practical use of wireless network, its advantages and shortages are coming into view.2exchange多棱鏡(1)介詞填空It is illegal for a public official to ask people for gifts or money in exchange for favors to them.I'd like to exchange my old cellphone for a 4G one, but my wife doesn't agree.I will take full advantage of the chance to exchange views with them.(2)補全句子我們學(xué)生應(yīng)該經(jīng)常和父母交換意見，他們經(jīng)驗豐富，而且最重要的是，在這個世界上他們是最愛我們的人。(2013·重慶高考寫作)We students should_often_exchange_ideas_with_our_parents,_who are rich in experience, and above all, love us most in the world.閱讀詞匯專練根據(jù)語境選出approach的詞性和詞義1We must take a scientific approach to the problem._C_2All the approaches to the palace were guarded by troops. _D_3She made a sign for me to approach her._A_4We should approach this matter with great care._B_第二板塊短語句型歸納集釋1die of死于教材原句But one day, without any warning, Sam died of a heart attack at the vet's and I had to walk back to our house alone.然而有一天，在毫無征兆的情況下，山姆在獸醫(yī)診所死于心臟衰竭，我不得不獨自回到我們家里。(1)die from 死于die down (聲音、風(fēng)、火焰等)逐漸減弱、降低die away (聲音、風(fēng)、光線等)漸息、漸弱die off 相繼滅亡die out 滅絕；消失(2)be dying for/to do . 渴望獲得/做They looked up into the sky until the noise of the rocket died_away.他們抬頭往天空看，直到火箭發(fā)射的聲音漸漸遠(yuǎn)去。Although the wind has died_down,_the rain remains steady, so you still need a raincoat.盡管風(fēng)小了，但雨仍然不停，因此你仍需要一件雨衣。名師指津die down 側(cè)重于減弱的過程，有一個變化過程，是一個動態(tài)的動詞詞組，在句中通常譯為“減弱，降低”；die away側(cè)重的是已經(jīng)減弱到極低程度的一個狀態(tài)，一種無法察覺的狀態(tài)，是一個靜態(tài)的動詞詞組，在句中通常譯為“消失”。2be based on/upon 建于之上經(jīng)典例句After all, the doctor­patient relationship is based on trust, and therefore honesty is essential.畢竟，醫(yī)患關(guān)系是以信任為基礎(chǔ)的，因此誠信是至關(guān)重要的。(1)base vt.以為根據(jù)n. 基部；基地；基礎(chǔ)base . on/upon . 把建立于基礎(chǔ)之上at the base of 以為基點；在的底部(2)basic adj. 基本的；基礎(chǔ)的basis n. 基礎(chǔ)；基本原則The research group produced two reports based (base) on the survey, but neither contained any useful suggestions.(2015·福建高考單選)以這個調(diào)查為基礎(chǔ)，研究團隊做了兩份報告，但是這兩份報告都不包含任何有用的建議。Basing an important decision more on/upon emotion than on reason, you will regret it sooner or later.把一個重要的決定更多地建立在情感基礎(chǔ)上，而不是以理性思考為基礎(chǔ)，你遲早會后悔的。3He does not understand the_way Americans view friendship.他不理解美國人對待友誼的方式。(1)way表示“方式；方法”時，其后常接in which或that引導(dǎo)的定語從句，也可以將關(guān)系詞that/in which省略掉，此時關(guān)系詞在從句中作狀語。The way he speaks to us is really annoying.他對我們講話的方式真是讓人討厭。Something that happens in your daily life will change the_way_(in_which/that) you look at the world and the people in it.你日常生活中發(fā)生的事情會改變你看待世界和世人的方式。(2)way表示“方式，方法”，后接定語從句時，如果關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語或賓語則用關(guān)系代詞that/which，作賓語時還可以省略。The way that/which came up at the meeting was unpractical.在會議上提出的方法不切實際。(3)way表示“方式；方法”時，其后還可接不定式或of doing sth.的形式。Is this the way you can imagine to_reduce/of_reducing air pollution?這是你能想到的減少空氣污染的方法嗎？.基礎(chǔ)點全練1單句語法填空I think we should leave off now and drink some tea.I didn't expect I would meet you here.I met you really by chance.It's well known that the film is_based (base) on a novel by Mo Yan.Economic growth in the world remains weak throughout 2016 and it is hoped that it will pick up gradually in 2017.As the film star left, the sound of the cheering faded away.I will tell you the way that/in_which you can study English well, because I know the way that you have accepted is not the best.Many trees, flowers, and grass to_be_planted (plant), our newly­built school will look even more beautiful. Larry always blames me whenever anything goes wrong.2運用所學(xué)短語完成片段Many people are_interested_in_hunting (對打獵感興趣). Hunting too much affects the number of wild animals greatly. As a result, some animals have died_out (滅絕) and others are in danger. We must leave_off (終止) hunting too much. At_first (起初) our government didn't pay attention to the situation, but now our government no_longer (不再) ignores it and has taken a series of measures. We have succeeded in preventing the situation from getting worse.重難點多練die相關(guān)短語全掃描(1)用die的相關(guān)短語填空According to statistics, a man is more than twice as likely to die_of skin cancer as a woman.The excitement died_down as time went by.The animals died_off within a week because of bird flu last month.(2)根據(jù)漢語提示完成片段Some fish and birds are_dying_off (正相繼死去) because of environmental pollution; some animals are in danger of dying_out (滅絕) on account of lack of habitat. I'm dying_to_be (渴望做) a volunteer to save these friends of ours.單句語法填空1Having_suffered (suffer)from the lung cancer for many years, John suffered a lot of pain. 2Don't give up; you are sure to find a better way to_solve (solve) the problem.3I'm totally confused (confuse). Could you explain that again?4With our knowledge based (base) on practice, we can make great contributions to our country.5She won the game easily, to the delight of all her fans.6The sound of the motorboat faded away in the distance.7Winter approaching (approach), the weather gets colder and colder day by day.8Although the main characters in this movie are true to life, they are imaginary (imagine)9We've been advised not to risk travelling (travel) in these conditions.10I live nearby. My house is within walking distance (distant) of the university.單句改錯1Nowadays still many people die off starvation in South Africa.offfrom/of2If the course fails to provide complete satisfaction to you, you can easily exchange it with any other course that we offer.withfor3To our delight, he no longer keeps his neighbours at the distance.thea4You'll be able to choose a room basing on your own personal tastes.basingbased5The reason in which he explained to me was unreasonable.去掉in6In the view of the weather, the event will now be held indoors.去掉第一個the7Much to her embarrass, she realized that everyone was staring at her.embarrassembarrassment8The film was built up to be a masterpiece, but I found it very disappointed.disappointeddisappointing.用本單元所學(xué)知識完成寫作訓(xùn)練(一)依據(jù)提示補全短文All of us are_interested_in_making_friends (對交朋友感興趣), so (and/so/but) everyone has his or her own friends. In a very general way friends have the similar interests, and they can make them have a lot in common. What's the key to keeping friendship? In my opinion, when friends suffer_defeat (遭受失敗), we should offer to give them a hand. Whenever_they_are_in_trouble (無論什么時候他們處于困境), we should help them. What's more, we should base_friendship_on/upon (把友誼建立在)trust. As we all know, friendship should be developed gradually or it will disappear. In order to have true friendship, we should learn to put up with the shortcomings of our friends, because there are no friends without shortcomings.(二)按要求將詞匯句式升級1用本單元高級詞匯替換加黑部分(1)disappearfade_away(2)put up withtolerate2按要求改寫句式(1)用which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句改寫句In_a_very_general_way_friends_have_the_similar_interests,_which_make_them_have_a_lot_in_common.(2)用獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)改寫句In_order_to_have_true_friendship,_we_should_learn_to_put_up_with_the_shortcomings_of_our_friends,_there_being_no_friends_without_shortcomings.課下練熟高考閱讀理解提速練練速度(限時：20分鐘)A(2017·重慶七中高三模擬)I met my friend when we were in graduate school, and we enjoyed hanging out together outside of class. After receiving our degrees, we both left school to live in different states. That was 10 years ago.We've kept in touch, but our phone conversations and twice­a­year visits became opportunities for my friend to talk endlessly about her problems. When I tried to fill her in on my own life, she obviously ignored.In the past few years I've not visited her at all and been afraid of her occasional phone calls and visits to my house. She invites herself now because I no longer invite her. When she's at my home, she literally follows me from room to room, talking nonstop, until I make an excuse to get away from her. I tell her I need to take a nap, but I don't sleep. I sit in my room and read or enjoy the quiet.Here's the worst part. She and her family, including two young children, are moving to our city. Her family has a small income, and they are buying a house in a grand neighborhood they can't afford. She asked if she and her husband and her children could stay at my home on their trips to our town to deal with house matters.My husband and I have no children. Even though our home is tiny and perfectly sized for us, I let them stay. She told me her husband would start his new job before they finished purchasing this house. I felt obligated to offer her our guest room. If I hadn't offered, she would have asked anyway.Now he's here, and it turns out he'll be staying on through the weekends. I am seething (惱火的)I would never under any circumstances impose on a friendship this way. I feel used, resentful (厭惡的), and don't care if I ever see her again. Should I end this friendship? I'm getting absolutely nothing from it but a knot in my stomach.語篇解讀：本文為夾敘夾議文。作者通過講述自己和朋友之間的故事，引發(fā)讀者對友誼的思考。1Every time they got in touch, the author's friend _.Ahad little to share with the authorBwas eager to know about the author's lifeCexpressed her contentment with her own lifeDshowed no interest in listening to the author's story解析：選D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“When I tried to fill her in on my own life, she obviously ignored.”可知答案。 ignore “不予理睬，忽視”。2The author is afraid of her friend's phone calls and visits because _.Ashe is engaged in her own lifeBshe hates her friend's nonstop talkingCher friend always borrows money from herDher friend always wants to show off before her解析：選B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“she literally follows me from room to room, talking nonstop . in my room and read or enjoy the quiet”可知，作者很煩朋友的嘮嘮叨叨。3We can know from the text that the author _.Ais a selfish and jealous womanBhas a larger house than her friendChas more children than her friendDis unwilling to share her house with her friend解析：選D推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段最后兩句“I felt obligated to offer her our guest .”可知答案。4What is the author's attitude towards their friendship?AFavorable.BAppreciative.CDissatisfied. DIndifferent.解析：選C推理判斷題。通過全文，尤其是最后一段內(nèi)容可知，作者對這份友誼很不滿意、很煩。B(2017·沈陽市高三質(zhì)檢)British men are couch potatoes who spend nearly half their free­time watching TV, an EU survey has revealed.They watch more TV than women, do less housework, less charity work and less childcare but spend more time shopping, the poll (調(diào)查) suggests.Analysts from Eurostat (歐盟統(tǒng)計局), the EU's statistical office, interviewed working men and women in 10 countries.Britain, where men devoted 49% of their free­time to the box,_came a narrow second to the Hungarians with 51%.German and Norwegian men watched the least TVjust over one third of their spare time.The statisticians took the average of the figures for the whole year including holidays and weekends.They broke down the “average day” into five categories free­time, sleep, meals and personal care, travel, domestic chores (家務(wù)) and work/study.It shows that British men have 4 hours and 41 minutes free time each day 20 minutes more than women.But women spend nearly double the amount of time on domestic chores than men.Almost three and a half hours of a woman's day is taken up with domestic work, compared to less than two hours for men.Food preparation makes up the main part of the chores, with cleaning and shopping the next most time­consuming.Th