2022九年級(jí)英語(yǔ)上冊(cè) Module 5 Museums詞句精講精練 （新版）外研版詞匯精講1. rule (1) rule作名詞，表示“規(guī)則, 規(guī)章, 規(guī)定, 條例”。例如：You should be observant of the traffic rules.你應(yīng)該遵守交通規(guī)則。(2 rule作名詞，還可以表示“習(xí)慣; 慣常的做法”。例如：She makes a rule of going for a walk every afternoon.她有每天下午散步的習(xí)慣?！就卣埂縝e against the rule 表示“違反規(guī)定”,相當(dāng)于“break the rule”；其反義詞是“follow/obey the rule”，意為“遵守/服從規(guī)定。例如：It is against the traffic rule to cross the street while the red light is on.紅燈亮?xí)r橫穿馬路時(shí)違反交通規(guī)定的。We should follow the rule of exam.我們應(yīng)該遵守考試規(guī)則。2. in troublein trouble 表示“遇上麻煩；處于困境”。例如：She is ready to help others in trouble.她愿意幫助那些處于困境的人們。He realized that he was in trouble.他意識(shí)到他遇上了麻煩?！就卣埂勘嫖鯾e in trouble 與get into trouble be in trouble 表示狀態(tài)，一般表示已經(jīng)有麻煩; get into trouble是一個(gè)動(dòng)作或過(guò)程，意為“惹上麻煩，陷入麻煩，闖禍”，多用于還沒(méi)發(fā)生的情況。例如：Nobody likes to get into trouble.沒(méi)有誰(shuí)愿意惹麻煩。When you are in trouble, I will help you.當(dāng)你遇上麻煩的時(shí)候，我會(huì)幫助你。3. missing missing是形容詞，意為“找不到的，失蹤的”。例如： They still hoped to find their missing son. 他們依然希望找到他們失蹤的兒子?！就卣埂勘嫖?missing ; lost ; gone missing意為“失蹤的，找不到的”，強(qiáng)調(diào)某人或某物不再原處。lost意為“丟失的，迷路的，輸?shù)袅说摹?。gone意為“離開(kāi)的，過(guò)去的，不復(fù)存在的”，不做定語(yǔ)。例如：I never found the missing letter.我一直沒(méi)有找到丟失的那封信。Dont go too far away, or youll get lost.不要走得太遠(yuǎn)，否則你會(huì)迷路的。Now it was gone, as though it had never been.現(xiàn)在它已逝去，仿佛它從未存在過(guò)。4. find out find out意為“找到，發(fā)現(xiàn)，查明”，多指通過(guò)調(diào)查、詢(xún)問(wèn)、打聽(tīng)、研究之后“弄明白”。通常含有“經(jīng)過(guò)困難、曲折”之后才找出難以找到的東西。例如： Please find out when the train leaves. 請(qǐng)查一下火車(chē)什么時(shí)候離站?！就卣埂?(1) find是動(dòng)詞，意為“找到”，通常指找到或發(fā)現(xiàn)具體的東西，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是找的結(jié)果。例如：He didnt find his book. 他沒(méi)有找到他的書(shū)。 (2) look for意為“尋找”，是有目的地找，強(qiáng)調(diào)找的動(dòng)作。例如：Jim is looking for his little dog. Jim正在找他的狗。5. fillwith（1）fillwith意為“ 把裝滿(mǎn)”或“使充滿(mǎn)”，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作。例如：Can you fill the bottle with water? 你能把瓶子裝滿(mǎn)水嗎？（2）fill with的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)為“sth. be filled with”，意為“充滿(mǎn)”，強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài)，可與be full of 互換。例如：The train is filled with people = The train is full of people. 火車(chē)?yán)飻D滿(mǎn)了人。6. look forward tolook forward to 意思是“期待，盼望”，to是介詞，后面接名詞或者動(dòng)名詞。例如： I look forward to being alone in the house.我盼望能自己一人在這所房子。We look forward to the return of spring.我們期待著春天的到來(lái)。7. parewith/toparewith/to 意為“比較與”；“把與做對(duì)比”，在做狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，兩者有時(shí)可以互換。例如：pared with/to western countries, China uses materials very carefully. 和西方相比,中國(guó)使用物資很節(jié)省。If we pare this butterfly with/to that one, well find lots of difference between them.如果我們把這兩只蝴蝶相比較，就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)他們之間有很多不同?！就卣埂縫areto還可表示“把比作”。例如：A teachers work is often pared to a candle.教師的工作常被比作蠟燭。8. pay attention to pay attention to表示“注意；留心；專(zhuān)心”，該短語(yǔ)中to是介詞，后面可以接名詞、代詞、動(dòng)名詞或賓語(yǔ)從句。例如： Dont pay any attention to Nina she doesnt know what shes talking about. 別理睬Nina她根本不知道自己在說(shuō)什么。You must pay attention to the problems of spelling in your writing.你必須注意你寫(xiě)作中的拼寫(xiě)問(wèn)題。You should pay more attention to observing.你應(yīng)該多注意觀(guān)察。9. of all ages（1）age作為名詞，意為“年齡”。例如：His wife is the same age as Una. 他的妻子和尤娜同年?！咀⒁狻坑胊ge詢(xún)問(wèn)年齡時(shí)，用疑問(wèn)詞what而不用how old。例如：Whats her age? = How old is she? 她的年齡多大？Her age is 10. = Shes ten (years old). / Shes ten years of age. 她十歲。（2）與age相關(guān)的常用搭配：1）at the age of 在歲的時(shí)候。例如：He left school at the age of 18. 他18歲時(shí)離開(kāi)了學(xué)校。 2）of all ages 所有年齡段的；of the same age 同齡的；of different ages 不同年齡的。例如：The Science Museum is interesting for people of all ages.這座科學(xué)博物館對(duì)于所有年齡段的人們來(lái)說(shuō)都是有趣的。Gary plays football with the other children of the same age. 加里和其他同齡的孩子們一起踢足球。The toys are for children of different ages. 這些玩具適用不同年齡的兒童。10. munications munication 為不可數(shù)名詞，意為“表達(dá)；交流；交際；傳遞”，表示“通信；交通聯(lián)系”時(shí)，用復(fù)數(shù)形式。例如：Telephone munications between the two cities have been restored.這兩座城市間的電話(huà)通訊已經(jīng)恢復(fù)?！就卣埂縨unicate 為動(dòng)詞，意為“通訊，交流，傳達(dá)（意見(jiàn)等）”。I municate with him regularly by letter. 我與他定期通信。詞匯精練I. 英漢互譯。 1. 盼望 _ 2. 注意_3. be filled with _4. 通信_(tái)5. 不同年齡的 _6. 與做比較_7. 找到，發(fā)現(xiàn) _8. in trouble _9. 上樓 _ 10. 禁止拍照 _II. 根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)或首字母提示，完成下列單詞，使句意明確，語(yǔ)言通順。1. When class begins, we should pay a_ to the teacher.2. I live on the first floor while my brother lives _(樓上).3. You mustnt a_ the rules in the library.4. We can do chemistry e_ in the chemistry lab.5. We spent w summer in Italy that year.6. He was p for being late.7. The machine is (控制) by a puter.8. All (通信) with the north were stopped by snowstorm.III. 根據(jù)所給句子內(nèi)容，從方框中選出適當(dāng)?shù)脑~語(yǔ)，并用其正確形式填空。look forward to; pay attention to; fill with ; find out ; take photos; of the same age; in trouble ; parewith;1. Dont _ in the museum. Its against the rules.2. Im _ meeting them. I miss them very much.3. You must _ the spelling in your writing.4. The doctor looked over the crying baby girl, but he couldnt what was wrong with her.5. The box is too heavy to carry. It is books.6. He my homework his, and found I had made a mistake.7. They are , so they have a lot in mon to talk about.8. The pany was because of this accident. 參考答案I. 英漢互譯。 1. look forward to 2. pay attention to 3.充滿(mǎn) 4. munications 5. of different ages 6. parewith/to 7. find out 8. 遇上麻煩；處于困境9. go upstairs 10. No photosII. 根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)或首字母提示，完成下列單詞，使句意明確，語(yǔ)言通順。 1. attention 2. upstairs 3. against 4. experiment 5.whole 6. punished 7. controlled 8mucations III. 根據(jù)所給句子內(nèi)容，從方框中選出適當(dāng)?shù)脑~語(yǔ)，并用其正確形式填空。 1. take photos 2. looking forward to 3. pay attention to 4. find out 5. filled with 6. pared; with 7. of the same age 8. in trouble句式精講1. No shouting! “No +名詞/動(dòng)名詞”可以構(gòu)成禁止性的警示語(yǔ)，常用來(lái)表達(dá)“禁止做某事”，其后不可接賓語(yǔ)。例如： No smoking! 禁止吸煙！ No parking! 禁止停車(chē)！ No photos! 禁止拍照！ No visitors! 謝絕參觀(guān)！ 【拓展】其他表示“禁止”的方式：(1) 否定的祈使句同樣可以用來(lái)表示“禁止；不要”。例如： Dont shout. 不要喊叫！ Dont make any noise. 不要吵鬧。 肯定的祈使句也可以表示“禁止”，但要靠謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞來(lái)表示。例如： Stop talking! 不準(zhǔn)說(shuō)話(huà)！ (2) 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞mustnt可以表達(dá)“禁止”的概念。例如：You mustnt take photographs of the exhibits in the museum. 博物館中不得給展品拍照。You mustnt tell it to anyone. 你絕不可以告訴任何人。(3) cant 可以表示“不能，不會(huì)”，也可以表示“不允許”，因此可以用來(lái)表示制止某人做某事。例如： You cant make any noise in the hospital. 你不能在醫(yī)院里吵鬧。(4) You arent allowed to句型也可以用來(lái)表示制止對(duì)方做某事。例如： You are not allowed to touch the exhibits. 不允許你觸摸展品。2. So if you ever go to London, make sure you visit the Science Museum. 在以when，after，as soon as等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句以及以if，unless等引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，如果主句是一般將來(lái)時(shí)，從句則用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。例如： Ill tell her the good news when she es back.當(dāng)她回來(lái)的時(shí)候，我將把這個(gè)好消息告訴她。 If it doesnt rain, he will e here on time. 如果不下雨，他會(huì)按時(shí)來(lái)這兒的。 常見(jiàn)的“主將從現(xiàn)”有以下三種情況： （1）條件狀語(yǔ)從句的主句是一般將來(lái)時(shí)，那么從句常常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。例如： When I grow up, Ill be a nurse and look after patients. 我長(zhǎng)大后要當(dāng)一名護(hù)士，照顧病人。 （2）如果主句是祈使句，那么從句通常要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。例如：Dont laugh at me when I make a mistake. 我犯錯(cuò)誤的時(shí)候不要笑話(huà)我。 （3）如果主句是含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，根據(jù)需要從句多用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。例如：You should be quiet when you are in the reading room. 在閱覽室時(shí)應(yīng)保持安靜。3. What a wonderful museum! 本句子意為“多么棒的博物館?。　?。該句是感嘆句的省略句。感嘆句可以用“What開(kāi)頭或者How開(kāi)頭，用陳述句語(yǔ)序，結(jié)尾用嘆號(hào)。常見(jiàn)的結(jié)構(gòu)有：What + a/ an +（形容詞）+單數(shù)名詞+（主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)）！ What+（形容詞）+不可數(shù)名詞或者可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)+（主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)）！ How + 形容詞或者副詞+（主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)）！ 在口語(yǔ)中，感嘆句常省略主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)。例如： What a nice girl ! 一個(gè)多么漂亮的女孩兒??！ What bad weather! 多么糟糕的天氣??！ How beautiful the garden is! 這個(gè)花園真漂亮??！4. No wonder the place is empty!本句意為“難怪這個(gè)地方空蕩蕩的！” No wonder + (that )從句 = Its no wonder +（that）從句，意為“是不足為怪的”或“難怪”。例句：No wonder you cant find anybody here; theyre all away at a meeting.難怪你在這里找不到任何人，他們都去開(kāi)會(huì)了?！就卣埂縲onder作及物動(dòng)詞，意為“想知道；對(duì)感到懷疑”，常見(jiàn)的用法有： （1）后接who, what，why，where 等引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。 I wonder who she is. 我想知道她是誰(shuí)。 She wondered what the child was doing. 她感到疑惑，孩子究竟在干什么。 I wonder why Ann is late. 我想知道安為什么遲到了。 I wonder where they have gone. 我想知道他們?nèi)ツ膬毫恕?（2）后接 that 引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，表示“對(duì)感到驚訝”， that常可省去。 I wonder (that) she has won the race. 我對(duì)她贏(yíng)了比賽感到驚訝。 （3）后接 if 或 whether 引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，常用來(lái)表示一種委婉的請(qǐng)求或疑問(wèn)。She wondered whether you were free that morning. 她想知道你那天上午是否有空。 I wonder if he will succeed. 我不知道他會(huì)不會(huì)成功。 5. Whats the matter?Whats the matter?/ Whats wrong?是用來(lái)詢(xún)問(wèn)對(duì)方出了什么毛病或問(wèn)題，意為“怎么了？”，是醫(yī)生詢(xún)問(wèn)病人病情時(shí)的常用語(yǔ)。例如： Whats the matter? 你怎么了？ I have a stomachache. 我胃疼。 Whats wrong, Tom? Tom怎么了？ I dont feel very well. 我感覺(jué)不太舒服。【拓展】 Whats the matter?和Whats wrong?后可接with sb. / sth，即Whats the matter with sb./ sth.?或Whats wrong with sb./sth.?意為“某人/某物怎么了？”例如： Whats the matter with you? = Whats wrong with you? 你怎么了？ Whats wrong / Whats the matter with your leg? 你的腿怎么了？ Nothing. 沒(méi)什么?！咀⒁狻縨atter是名詞，其前只能加定冠詞the；wrong是形容詞，前面不需要加任何冠詞。不能說(shuō)Whats your wrong?和Whats your matter?6. Its great, isnt?本句是個(gè)反義疑問(wèn)句，意為“它很棒，不是嗎？”。反意疑問(wèn)句，表示對(duì)陳述句所說(shuō)的事實(shí)提出相反的疑問(wèn),要求對(duì)方用“yes”或“no”來(lái)進(jìn)行回答。反義疑問(wèn)句由兩部分組成：前一部分是陳述句,后一部分是疑問(wèn)句,疑問(wèn)句是由be ,have, 助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后接主語(yǔ)構(gòu)成。如果陳述句是肯定結(jié)構(gòu),反意疑問(wèn)句須用否定結(jié)構(gòu)；反之,陳述句如果是否定結(jié)構(gòu),反意疑問(wèn)句須用肯定結(jié)構(gòu)。反意疑問(wèn)句的兩部分,必須保持人稱(chēng)和時(shí)態(tài)的一致。例如：He is old, isnt he? 他老了，不是嗎？He never went there, did he? 他從沒(méi)有去過(guò)那里，是嗎？【注意】無(wú)論哪種形式的反意疑問(wèn)句,回答時(shí)要遵循：“Yes,后接肯定式”或者“No,后接否定式”The girl is helping her mother with the housework, isnt she? 那個(gè)女孩正在幫媽媽做家務(wù),不是嗎？Yes, she is. 是的,她在幫。No, she isnt. 不,她沒(méi)有幫。7. Thats no good. no good意為“無(wú)益，沒(méi)有好處；不合適的，不方便的”。句型Its no good doing sth. 意為“做某事沒(méi)有益處。”例如：The road is no good; its rough and full of holes.這條路坑坑洼洼的，太差勁了。Its no good going there.去那里沒(méi)有好處。句式精練I. 句型轉(zhuǎn)換，每空一詞。1. Dont swim! (改為同義句)_ _!2. I expected to receive your letter. (改為同義句)I _ _ _ _ your letter.3. You mustnt tell it to anyone. (改為祈使句)Please _ _ it to anyone.4. We were allowed to sing and dance in the room. (改為否定句)We _ allowed to sing _ dance in the room.5. I hope that I will visit the Summer Palace in the future. (改為同義句) I hope _ _ the Summer Palace in the future.6. Its no wonder that the children love to visit the farm. (改為同義句) _ _ the children love to visit the farm.7. If you dont study hard, you wont pass the exam. (改為同義句) Study hard, you wont pass the exam.8. Dont break the rule of our school. (改為同義句) Dont be the rule of our school.II. 根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)完成句子，每空一詞。1.這首歌聽(tīng)起來(lái)很美，難怪這么多人喜歡。 The song _very beautiful, _ _ so many people like it.2. 醫(yī)院不允許吸煙。People _ _ _ _ in the hospital.3. 快點(diǎn)！這邊走！我一直盼望見(jiàn)到她。e on! This way! Im _ _ _ _ her.4. 他因?yàn)檫`反了規(guī)定受到了處罰。He for breaking the rule.5. 我確信他這學(xué)期一定會(huì)取得巨大進(jìn)步。I he will make great progress this term.6.有困難請(qǐng)給我們來(lái)電話(huà)。Please telephone us when you are .III. 單句改錯(cuò)。1. Dont be crazy about puters games, and your parents will be worried._2. Thats no good to eat junk food._3. He is very interesting in physics._4. Have you ever pared your speed at that of a dog?_5. How an excellent book it is!_6. Li Ming has filled the basket with apples. Now the basket is fill of apples._IV. 綜合填空。 閱讀短文，用方框中所給詞的正確形式填空，使短文通順、連貫。方框中有兩個(gè)為多余。hard, while, learn, e out, father, be, quickly, afraid Once upon a time, there lived a family of mice in the kitchen. One Saturday morning Father Mouse and his son felt hungry and (1) _ for food. (2) _ they were looking for food, they saw a big cat. Baby Mouse was very (3) _ and climbed onto his (4)_ back. Father Mouse shouted at the cat. “Woof, woof!” The cat ran away (5) _. “Wow, dad, youre great!” said Baby Mouse. “Well, son, thats why its important to (6) _ a second language.” answered Father Mouse.參考答案I. 句型轉(zhuǎn)換，每空一詞。1. No swimming 2. looked forward to receiving 3. dont tell 4. werent; or 5. to visit 6. No wonder 7.or 8.againstII. 根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)完成句子，每空一詞。1. sounds, no wonder 2. arent allowed to smoke 3. looking forward to seeing 4. was punished 5. am sure 6. in trouble III. 單句改錯(cuò)。1. and 改為or。2. to eat 改為eating。3. interesting改為 interested。4. at改為 with。5. How 改為What。6. fill改為 full。IV. 綜合填空。 1. came out 2. While 3. afraid 4. fathers 5. quickly 6. learn