Unit 2 Fit for life李仕才一、閱讀理解。For many people，being on the job might just sound like a picnic compared to a day at home filled with housework，meals and childcare.Even for those with a happy family life，home can sometimes feel more taxing than work.In a new study，researchers at Penn State University found significantly and consistently lower levels of cortisol(皮質(zhì)醇) released in response to stress，in a majority of subjects when they were at work compared to when they were at home.This was true for both men and women，and parents and people without children.Both men and women showed less stress at work.But women were more likely to report feeling happier there.Men were more likely to feel happier at home.Experts say there are other reasons why work is less stressful than home for many.“Paid work is more valued in society，” says Sarah Damaske, the lead researcher on the study.“Household work is boring and not particularly rewarding.”We get better at our job with time and the increased competence means less stress and more rewards，Yet none of us，no matter how long we've been doing it，ever truly feels like an expert at parenting or even at marriage.The support and friendship of co­workers also offer stress relief.At home，meanwhile，stress spreads and accumulates quickly.“That's the reason why most housewives wish they were the bread earners，” Dr.Damaske says.Much of the advice to families and couples includes the warning to leave work stress at the office and even to change our mindset from work to home，for example，a walk around the block.The recent findings，though，suggest our home life，not our attitude，might be due for some change.1Which of the following can replace the underlined word “taxing”？AstressfulBcheerfulCworthwhile Drewarding2What did the research in the second paragraph prove?AMen felt better at home.BWomen felt they had less time.CWomen were easier to feel happier.DMost people felt more stress at home.3What do most people think of work at the office?AIt is competitive.BIt improves ability.CIt can't relieve stress.DIt doesn't always pay off.4According to the recent findings，what should we change to solve the problem mentioned?AOur attitude. DOur mindset.COur home life. DOur working style.【解題導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了一項研究，該研究表明越來越多的人認(rèn)為上班比在家做家務(wù)、做飯和帶孩子更輕松一些?！倦y句分析】In a new study，researchers at Penn State University found significantly and consistently lower levels of cortisol (皮質(zhì)醇)released in response to stress, in a majority of subjects when they were at work compared to when they were at home.分析：這是一個復(fù)合句。第一個when引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句。第二個when引導(dǎo)賓語從句，做to后邊的賓語。譯文：在一項新的研究中，賓夕法尼亞州立大學(xué)的研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，比起在家里，大多數(shù)人在工作的時候，面對壓力，他們的皮質(zhì)醇水平顯著且連續(xù)地降低。1A考查詞義猜測。本題可利用句意推斷法及語境分析法解題。根據(jù)第一段第一句“For many people，being on the job might just sound like a picnic compared to a day at home filled with housework，meals and childcare”可知，很多人認(rèn)為與在家做家務(wù)、做飯和帶孩子相比，工作像野餐一樣。言外之意，上班比在家輕松，在家比上班更有壓力。故選A。cheerful“快樂的，令人愉快的”；worthwhile“值得做的”；rewarding“值得做的，有意義的”。2D考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。本題可利用分析長難句法解題。根據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容可知，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)：比起在家里，大多數(shù)人在工作的時候，面對壓力，他們的皮質(zhì)醇水平顯著且連續(xù)地降低，這項研究證明大多數(shù)人感覺在家更有壓力。故選D。3B考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段的第一句“We get better at our job with time and the increased competence.rewards”可知，隨著時間的推移，大多數(shù)的人在工作中能提高能力。故選B。4C考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段的最后一句“The recent findings，though，suggest our home life，not our attitude，might be due for some change”可知，我們的家庭生活得以改變才能解決問題。故選C。二、單項選擇。1.People _ drugs have many difficulties in getting rid of the _.A. additive to, addiction B. addicted, addictC. addicted to, addiction D. addictive to, addict【答案】C【解析】be addicted to 對上癮；addiction 名詞“上癮”，addict 名詞“有癮的人”，動詞“使上癮”； additive 附加的；根據(jù)第二空需用名詞“上癮”，故排除 B，D。整個句子有動詞 have，所以第一空應(yīng)是非謂語動詞=People who are addicted to drugs.，根據(jù)句意故選 C。句意：吸毒成癮的人要想擺脫毒癮是很難的。2._ your plan to build a power station, there are several points I d like to discuss with you.A. In case of B. In relation to C. In return for D. In response to【答案】B【解析】in relation to 關(guān)于。句意：關(guān)于你們制造電站的計劃，我有幾點意見想跟你們討論一下。3.She used to _ for the softball team every year in high school, but she never made the team because she couldnt catch the ball.A.let out B. figure out C. try out D. hand out【答案】C【解析】try out for.意為“參加競選”，符合句意。句意：她念中學(xué)的時候每年都參加壘球隊選拔，從來沒有被接納呀！就是因為她老接不到球！4.Our teams success was _ the efforts of Mr. Mark, who is _ arrive here in five minutes.A. because, due to B. due to, about to C. due to, due to D. as a consequence,going to【答案】C【解析】第一空中 due to 意為“因為”，第二空中 due to 意為“預(yù)期”。句意：我們隊的成功應(yīng)歸功于馬克先生的努力，預(yù)計他五分鐘后會來。5.The teacher stressed again that the students should not _ any important details while retelling the story.A. bring out B. let out C. leave out D. make out【答案】C【解析】bring out 闡述，使明白；let out 發(fā)出，泄露(秘密等)；leave out 遺漏；make out 理解。句意：老師進(jìn)一步強調(diào)讓學(xué)生們在復(fù)述故事時不要漏掉任何重要的細(xì)節(jié)。6.Nowadays,more and more students tend to _ online courses instead of taking courses at the training center.A. subscribe to B. appeal to C. adapt to D. stick to【答案】A【解析】subscribe to 同意，接受。句意：當(dāng)今越來越多的學(xué)生樂于接受網(wǎng)絡(luò)課程而不是去培訓(xùn)中心上課。7.Have you been to the Great Wall?Perhaps not in my memory; _, it might have been during the early childhood.A. if any B. if so C. if ever D. if not【答案】C【解析】句意：“你到過長城嗎？”“或許我記不得了。如果去過的話，有可能童年的事情了?！盜f I have ever been to 的省略。If any 如果有一些；if so 如果這樣；if not 如果不。8.Do you think he can pass the exam?He is _ to fail because he was ill for several days.A. possible B. probable C. likely D. maybe【答案】C【解析】固定句型 sb.be likely to.某人可能。句意：“你認(rèn)為他能夠通過這次考試嗎？”“有可能考不過，因為他生了好幾天的病?！?.I realized that the major concern of the interviewer wasnt where I had worked, _ what work I had done.A. that B. whose C. which D.but【答案】D【解析】not.but 不是而是。句意：我意識到，這個面試官主要關(guān)心的不是我在什么地方工作過，而是我做過什么工作。10.He suggested the problem worth paying attention _ at the meeting.A. to be discussed B. to being discussed C. to discuss D. to discussing【答案】A【解析】 句意： 他建議值得在開會的時候討論值得注意的問題。 suggest 當(dāng)建議講時， 用 suggest(+should)do。注意：paying attention to 在句中是作定語的。11.My parents have always made me _ about myself, even when I was twelve.A. feeling well B. feeling good C. feel well D. feel good【答案】D【解析】 feel good 作賓語補足語， 其中 feel 是系動詞， 其后跟形容詞作表語。 feel good“心情好， 感覺好”；feel well“感覺身體好”。句意：我的父母總是讓我感覺良好，即使當(dāng)我才 12 歲時。12.Although he has taken a lot of medicine, his health _ poor.A. proves B. remains C. maintains D. continues【答案】B【解析】remain 意為“依然是”，是系動詞，可以接形容詞作表語，符合語境。prove 證明；maintain 保持； continue 繼續(xù)。句意：盡管他服用了好多藥，但是他的身體依然不見好轉(zhuǎn)。13.Although it _ a little bitter, this medicine will be good for curing the disease.A. is tasted B. tasted C. is tasting D. tastes【答案】D【解析】句意：盡管嘗起來有點苦，但這種藥對治療這種病有好處。根據(jù)空后的“bitter”一詞可知，taste 是系動詞，不用被動語態(tài)，也不用進(jìn)行時，故可排除 A、C 兩項；由主句的時態(tài)可知應(yīng)選 D。14.Look at the pride on Toms face. He _ to have been praised by the manager just now.A. seemed B. seems C. had seemed D. is seeming【答案】B【解析】句意：看湯姆臉上驕傲的神情，他似乎剛才被經(jīng)理表揚了。根據(jù)第一句中的內(nèi)容可知敘述的是現(xiàn)在的情況，此處 seem 表示“似乎；看起來”，是系動詞，不用于進(jìn)行時， 因此排除 D 項，選 B。15.The new method Mr. Wang has been devoted to _ effective.A. is proved B. to prove C. being proved D. proves【答案】D【解析】 “prove”作為連系動詞時， 沒有被動語態(tài)。 prove effective 構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)。 “Mr. Wang has been devoted to”是定語從句，修飾先行詞即句子的主語“The new method”。句意：王先生致力于的那種新方法證明是有效的。三、完形填空。A 4yearold girl named Norah and her new friend Mr. Dan have given us the glimmer of humanity we desperately need right now. A chance meeting in the grocery store pushes the _1_ of depression aside and ends up changing a life. Norahs mother, Tara Wood, wrote on Facebook that her daughter seemed magnetically _2_ to the man when they passed by him at the store. So much so that she stood up in the cart and waved _3_, “Hi, old person!Its my birthday today!”The mans expression _4_ and his face lit up when he realized she was speaking to him. “Well, hello, little lady! And how old are you today?” he asked.They _5_ for a few seconds and it was super adorable. They continued on their way but a few minutes later, Norah asked if she could hug and take a _6_ with the man, whom they now call “Mr. Dan”. They _7_ together and then hugged each other like they were long lost friends.When she thanked Mr. Dan, Wood received a(n) _8_ she wasnt expecting. He teared up and said, “No,thank YOU. This has been the best day Ive had in a long time. Youve made me so _9_. Ms Norah.” _10_ by the encounter, Wood later posted the photos on Facebook and that night received a private message from someone who _11_ knows Mr. Dan.It _12_ his wife passed away earlier this year, leaving him in deep _13_. The friend said she wassure Norah touched his heart, _14_ the chance meeting was something he “needed”Wood got Mr. Dans phone number and called him a few days later. They met for lunch the following week and have seen each other on numerous occasions _15_even celebrating his 82nd birthday together.“You guys, I CANNOT _16_ the friendship between Norah and Mr. Dan. I _17_ every time theyre togetherits so pure, simple and perfect,” Wood wrote.Hugs can be physical such as those _18_ with an intimate partner, family member or friend; or they can be symbolic such as the _19_ that someone needs a word of encouragement or a helping hand. Hugs can be the interweaving threads that _20_ the fabric of our communities and our society. Hugs are so powerful that theycan shake us to the core and wake up the humanity within.語篇解讀：四歲的小女孩在雜貨店偶遇一位喪偶的老人，兩人一起拍了張擁抱的照片。照片被小女孩的媽媽傳上 Facebook， 感動了許多人擁抱的力量無與倫比， 它可以震撼我們的心靈， 喚醒我們內(nèi)心的仁慈。1. A. ceilings B. curtains C. manners D. depths【答案】B【解析】 在雜貨店的一次偶遇拉開了一位喪偶老人憂郁的一幕。 curtains 意為“幕布”， 符合語境。 故選 B。2. A. drawn B. led C. dragged D. introduced【答案】A【解析】小女孩在雜貨店經(jīng)過老人身邊時，被老人吸引住了。be drawn to sb.為固定搭配，意為“被所吸引”。故選 A。3. A. curiously B. cautiously C. excitedly D. greedily【答案】C【解析】小孩子很激動地向老人揮手打招呼。excitedly 意為“激動地”，符合語境。故選 C。4. A. darkened B. froze C. betrayed D. softened【答案】D【解析】見到一個小孩和自己打招呼，本來心情抑郁的老人表情一下子溫和起來。soften 意為“使溫和，使柔暖”，符合語境。故選 D。5. A. chatted B. greeted C. inquired D. negotiated【答案】A【解析】打過招呼之后，一老一少聊起天來，場面特別溫馨。chat 意為“聊天”，符合語境。故選 A。6. A. walk B. picture C. rest D. survey【答案】B【解析】小女孩問她是否可以和老人擁抱并合影。take a picture 意為“拍照片”，符合語境。故選 B。7. A. posed B. gathered C. cheered D. clapped【答案】A【解析】因為要合影，所以他們都擺了一個姿勢(pose)，并且擁抱，像走散多年的老友重逢。故選 A。8. A. admission B. comment C. apology D. response【答案】D【解析】小女孩的母親感謝老人給孩子帶來的歡樂時卻得到了一個意想不到的回應(yīng)。response 意為“回應(yīng)”，符合語境。故選 D。9. A. awkward B. delighted C. sensitive D. proud【答案】B【解析】老人流著淚說， “不，應(yīng)該是我謝謝你們。我已經(jīng)很久沒有這么開心過了。Norah, 感謝你們今天讓我這么高興”。delighted 意為“高興的，興奮的”，符合語境。故選 B。10. A. Influenced B. Encouraged C. Touched D. Reminded【答案】C【解析】 小女孩的母親感動于這次偶遇， 便把孩子和老人的合影傳到了Facebook上面， 和大家分享。 touched意為“受感動的”，符合語境。故選 C。11. A. personally B. merely C. sincerely D. eventually【答案】A【解析】發(fā)完 Facebook 的那天晚上，她收到了一位認(rèn)識 Mr. Dan 的網(wǎng)友的私信。personally know sb.意為“認(rèn)識某人”，符合語境。故選 A。12. A. figures out B. makes out C. brings out D. turns out【答案】D【解析】結(jié)果表明，他的妻子去年去世了。it turns out為固定句型，意為“結(jié)果是，證明是”。故選 D。13. A. water B. thought C. depression D. shame【答案】C【解析】原來， 年初的時候，老人的妻子去世了，使得他陷入深深的悲傷和抑郁之中。 depression 意為“抑郁”，符合語境。故選 C。14. A. predicting B. adding C. arguing D. claiming【答案】B【解析】這位朋友說，很顯然 Norah 感動了 Mr. Dan，并補充說，這種偶遇帶給他精神上的快樂或許正是老人目前所需要的。adding 在這里意為“補充說” ，符合語境。故選 B。15. A. before B. yet C. since D. thus【答案】C【解析】Wood 得到了老人的電話號碼，并在幾天后給他打了電話，第二個星期他們見面一起吃了午飯。從那以后(since)，他們經(jīng)常見面，甚至在一起為老人過了 82 歲的生日。故選 C。16. A. develop B. handle C. spoil D. deepen【答案】B【解析】伙計們，我真的無法平靜地面對孩子和老人之間的友誼。handle 意為“處理，應(yīng)付，面對”，符合語境。故選 B。17. A. remark B. hesitate C. pray D. cry【答案】D【解析】 每次看到他們在一起， 我都感動得落淚(cry)， 因為他們的友誼是那樣的純粹， 簡單而又完美無瑕。故選 D。18. A. shared B. confirmed C. identified D. cooperated【答案】A【解析】 有時候擁抱是一種身體上的親近， 就像我們和親密的伴侶， 家人或朋友之間分享的那樣。 share with意為“和分享”，符合語境。故選 A。19. A. approval B. promise C. consequence D. recognition【答案】D【解析】有時候擁抱又是具有象征意義的，比如它可以象征一種認(rèn)可，認(rèn)可某個人需要一句鼓勵，或者需要一只援助之手。recognition 意為“認(rèn)識，認(rèn)可”，符合語境。故選 D。20. A. produce B. arrange C. strengthen D. rebuild【答案】C【解析】擁抱就是縱橫交織的線，它使得我們社區(qū)和社會的架構(gòu)更加穩(wěn)固。擁抱的力量無與倫比，它可以震撼我們的心靈，喚醒我們內(nèi)心的仁慈。strength 意為“加強，使鞏固”，符合語境。故選 C。四、七選五。Want to live in a perfectly clean environment and make it shine brightly? 1. Then you will not need to purchase expensive cleaning products.Clean the toilet with Coke. Its amazing how powerful Coke might be as a toilet cleaner. 2. Youll save your health by not consuming chemicals that Coke contains and save money by not purchasing professional cleaners. Pour some cola over the stains and leave it all for a few hours. Then let water wash the toilet!Remove water stains with orange peels. Youve just eaten an orange. 3. Do not throw away those orange peels. You can use the skins to clean stainless steel. Your appliances will shine again after you rub(擦) them with the skins. The peels can easily make those stubborn stains disappear in a second.Use banana peels to polish leather furniture. Experts claim that banana peels are great for polishing leather sofas and armchairs. Banana skins are rich in oils and have the right texture to do the task. 4. Afterwards, remove the leftover with a cloth. This trick is simple and cheap. Use it if you want your leather furniture to look brand new again.5 Why would you want to buy one when you can make your own product that is cheap and non­toxic(無毒的)? Just pour 2 liters of slightly warm water into a deep bowl. Then add 50ml white vinegar and half a teaspoon of dishwashing liquid. Shake the bowl and then fill up a plastic spray with the mixture. Use it to clean windows and mirrors. Make your glass surfaces clean and shiny.AWait a minute!BMake your own glass cleaner.CFollow the steps given below.DOf course your answer is “yes”EThey leave no marks or scratches.FInstead of drinking it, use it to clean the toilet bowl.GThey are economical and safe to use on all of furniture.【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。想生活在一個干凈的生活環(huán)境中、讓一切光潔發(fā)亮嗎？那就按照以下步驟來做吧。無需購買昂貴的清潔用品，只需要一些小妙招。1C解析：根據(jù)空前的“Want to live in a perfectly clean environment and make it shine brightly？”和空后的“Then you will not need to purchase expensive cleaning products.”以及接下來列舉的幾條小妙招可知，C項“跟著以下步驟做”能起到承上啟下的作用。2F解析：本段講的是用可樂清理廁所，故F項“你可以不喝可樂，而是用之清潔馬桶”符合語境。3A解析：根據(jù)下文中的“Do not throw away those orange peels.”可知，吃了橘子后，稍等片刻，不要扔掉橘子皮，你可以用之清理不銹鋼。所以選A。4E解析：根據(jù)上文中的“Banana skins are rich in oils and have the right texture to do the task.”可知香蕉皮富含油脂，材質(zhì)也非常適合擦拭皮質(zhì)，使污痕或劃痕統(tǒng)統(tǒng)不見。所以選E。5B解析：根據(jù)下文中的“you can make your own product that is cheap and non­toxic(無毒的)？”“Use it to clean windows and mirrors. Make your glass surfaces clean and shiny.”可知，本段講的是如何自制玻璃清潔劑，故B項符合語境。11