課時提能練(十八).閱讀理解A(2019·太原模擬)Every day when Glen Oliver orders his morning coffee at the drive­through window of a local cafe，he insists on paying for the order of the person behind him.He also asks the restaurant workers to tell the customer to have a great day，in case they're not already having one.Oliver has never made a big deal out of his own generous actions until a letter was published by a news website in November.He found out that he had not just bought someone his breakfasthe had saved a life.According to the website，someone had written a letter stating that on July 18th，he was planning on committing suicide.The writer said that while he was at the drive­through window，he was planning on going home，writing a note and ending his life.When he went to pay for his coffee and muffin，however，the cashier told him that the man in the SUV in front of him had picked up the tab and told him to have a great day.“I wondered why someone would buy coffee for a stranger for no reason，”said the writer.“Why me？Why today？If I were a religious man，I would take this as a sign.This random act of kindness was directed at me on this day for a purpose.”When the writer arrived home，he couldn't hold back his tears and started to think about the simple good deed that had affected him so deeply.“I decided at that moment to change my plans for the day and do something nice for someone.I ended up helping a neighbor take groceries out of her car and into the house.”The writer said that in the months following that fateful event，he does at least one kind thing for others every day.“To the nice man in the SUV，thank you from the bottom of my heart.Please know your kind gesture has truly saved a life，”he said.“On July 18，2017，I had the greatest day.”【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。Glen Oliver在得來速買咖啡時總習慣為下一位顧客付錢，沒想到他的善舉挽救了一個準備自殺的人的生命。這個準備自殺的人準備付錢時，得知有人已經(jīng)為他付過錢了，他深受感動，放棄了自殺的念頭，決定做一個善良的樂于助人的人。1What is Oliver's act of kindness every day?ABuying others breakfast.BGreeting restaurant workers.CPublishing positive news.DTaking groceries for neighbors.A細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第一句“Every day when Glen Oliver orders his morning coffee at the drive­through window of a local cafe，he insists on paying for the order of the person behind him”可知，Glen Oliver每天早晨買咖啡時都為下一位顧客付錢，故A項正確。2What is special about Oliver's act of kindness on July 18，2017?AIt brought him thank­you letters.BIt was reported on a news website.CIt was the first time he'd paid for others.DIt stopped someone from killing himself.D細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段尾句“He found out that he had not just bought someone his breakfasthe had saved a life”并結(jié)合本文最后一句“On July 18，2017，I had the greatest day”可知，2017年7月18日對Oliver來說是特別的一天，因為那天他挽救了一個準備自殺的人的生命，故D項正確。3What does the underlined phrase“picked up the tab”mean in Paragraph 3?APaid the bill. BParked the car.CLeft a message.DOrdered a drink.A詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第四段第一句“I wondered why someone would buy coffee for a stranger for no reason”可知，那個準備自殺的人思考，為什么會有人無理由地給陌生人買咖啡；結(jié)合該句“When he went to pay for his coffee and muffin，however，the cashier told him that the man in the SUV in front of him had picked up the tab and told him to have a great day”可知，當他準備付錢時，收銀員告訴他坐在SUV里的那個人已經(jīng)為他付過錢了，并祝他有美好的一天；據(jù)此可以判斷，畫線詞意為“付錢”，故A項正確。4How did the writer of the letter feel after the event?AHe felt guilty. BHe felt grateful.CHe felt confused.DHe felt saddened.B細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段第二句“To the nice man in the SUV，thank you from the bottom of my heart.Please know your kind gesture has truly saved a life”可知，那個準備自殺的人衷心感謝那個坐在SUV里的善良的人，感謝他的善良挽救了他的生命，故B項正確。B(2019·長春質(zhì)檢)Next time you go shopping，keep in mind that there may be hidden cameras analyzing your habits.According to a 2015 survey of 150 managers from Computer Services Corporation，a quarter of British shops use facial recognition software to collect data on shopper behavior.With concerns that face­recognition cameras“are kind of invasive(侵犯的)”，British analysis firm Hoxton Analytics has come up with a new way of measuring footfall(客流量)by filming people's shoes.The technology can collect a large amount of personal information.“We have cameras at 50 cm off the ground and they point down so they are less invasive than facial recognition，”Duncan Mann，Hoxton's officer said.As modern cities get fuller70 percent of the population will live in urban areas by 2050cameras and other technologies are taking over public spaces and collecting our data.Their purpose is to keep people safe，provide efficient services and prevent disasters and crimes.But some are not happy with the cameras as far as their privacy(隱私) is concerned.“Very few of us have any real concept of what data smart cities are gathering，”said Renate Samson.We begin giving away data as soon as we wake up.When we enter the transport system，we are giving away even more details about ourselves through smart cards，mobile phones or credit cards.Nick Millman，director at a consulting firm thinks statistics are the key to the privacy concern.He used the example of Google Maps，which is to monitor the flow of traffic in Stockholm.He explained，“It is basically adding privacy controls to statistics so that you only see the data you need to know about.”In this case，Google gets enough data to improve traffic but not so much that it shows individual journey patterns.【語篇解讀】本文主要討論了在現(xiàn)代生活中，人們對于個人信息以科技途徑流失的狀況的擔憂和可能的解決方法。5What is the article mainly about?AAn introduction to collecting shoppers' data.BThe concerns about giving away personal data.CThe problems caused by imbalanced distribution of population.DAn invention recording and collecting customers' information.B主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“According to a 2015 survey of 150 managers from Computer Services Corporation，a quarter of British shops use facial recognition software to collect data on shopper behavior”并結(jié)合下文內(nèi)容可知，本文主要講的是對于泄露個人信息這一問題的擔憂，故選B。6The new technology invented by Hoxton Analytics .Acan gather a lot of people's personal data from their shoesBuses cameras fitted on the ground to collect customers' dataChas improved the accuracy of facial recognition softwareDoffers a perfect solution to customers' privacy concernsA細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句和第二句“With concerns that face­recognition camerasare kind of invasive(侵犯的)，British analysis firm Hoxton Analytics has come up with a new way of measuring footfall(客流量)by filming people's shoes.The technology can collect a large amount of personal information”可知，Hoxton Analytics公司所發(fā)明的新技術(shù)通過分析客人的鞋子而收集他們的個人信息，故選A。7According to the author，cameras in modern cities Acause a huge waste of public spacesBhelp reduce the size of population in urban areasCare likely to help improve traffic conditionsDare to avoid crimes and disasters and provide efficient servicesD細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句“Their purpose is to keep people safe，provide efficient services and prevent disasters and crimes”可知，作者認為攝像頭在現(xiàn)代城市應(yīng)用是為了避免犯罪、災(zāi)難并提供有效服務(wù)，故選D。8What is Renate Samson's attitude toward the rise of smart cities?AWorried. BOptimistic.CConfused.DUninterested.A觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)第四段第一句“But some are not happy with the cameras as far as their privacy(隱私) is concerned”可推知，Renate Samson對于智能城市的增加是很擔憂的，這與本段最后一句“Very few of us have any real concept of what data smart cities are gathering，said Renate Samson”呼應(yīng)，故選A。.完形填空(2019·江西名校檢測)From a young age, my parents have taught me the importance of giving generously to the less fortunate. Out of 1 ，whenever there is something I can 2 ，I give it to someone on the streets.Last week, 3 I left the house to run a few errands (差事)，I carried with me some old clothes, some food and a handbag to hand over to someone 4 .As the car 5 at a traffic signal, I saw a girl of five or six asking for money. I 6 her to come to me and quickly 7 all the things I had. As I started handing them over, she seemed 8 She looked up at me with a sweet smile on her face and asked what was in the 9 I told her there were some clothes and food for her. 10 she looked up at me and asked, “Can you give me some water？” It was then that I noticed her 11 lips. It seemed as if she had not had a drop of water all day.I 12 my bottle of water that I always carried with me and helped her to drink from it. She finished it quickly and gave me a heartwarming smile of 13 I was thankful that I could 14 her simple wish! I realized once again that day that you don't necessarily have to make big 15 to help someone. This experience 16 once again my belief in the 17 acts of kindness and how they can make someone's 18 .The next time you want to do something nice for someone, don't 19 ，waiting for the right chance. 20 and do it! 【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者幫助一個女孩的故事以及由此產(chǎn)生的一些感悟。1A.respect Bhabit Csympathy Dkindness B上文作者提到從小父母就教育自己要對不幸的人慷慨解囊，所以此處指出于習慣(habit)。respect“敬重”；sympathy“同情心”。2A.afford Bget Cspare Dserve C出于習慣，每當有可以提供(給別人)的東西的時候，作者就會把它送給流浪街頭的人。故選spare“(尤指不會造成不便或損失地)供給，給予”。3A.as Buntil Conce Dbefore A上星期，當作者離開家去辦差事的時候，作者帶了一些舊衣服、食物和一個手提包去送給一些貧窮的人。根據(jù)語境可知，應(yīng)選as。4A.needy Bsick Cdisabled Dsad A參見上題解析。needy意為“缺食物(錢)的，貧困的”。5A.parked Bstared Cturned Dpaused D根據(jù)語境可知，此處指的是車停在了交通信號燈處。故選pause“暫停，停頓”。6A.phoned Bsignaled Cadvised Dallowed B根據(jù)語境可知，此處是指作者招手示意(signaled)女孩過來。7A.threw Bfetched Cpacked DcollectedD女孩過來后，作者把自己放在車里的衣服和食物快速收集(collected)在一起。8A.ashamed Bupset Cembarrassed Dastonished D根據(jù)語境及下文女孩問問題可以推知，女孩很吃驚(astonished)。ashamed“羞恥的”；embarrassed“尷尬的”。9A.car Bbag Cbottle Dclothes B根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容可知，作者出門時帶的東西有衣服、食物和手提包。所以作者這里應(yīng)是把衣服和食物裝在包(bag)里送給她。10A.Then BNext CAgain DBut C根據(jù)空后的“she looked up at me and asked”以及上文中的“She looked up at me with a sweet smile on her face and asked”可知，此處應(yīng)是指女孩再一次(Again)抬起頭來看作者并問問題。11A.dirty Bpale Cthick Ddry D根據(jù)下文中的“It seemed as if she had not had a drop of water all day”可知，女孩由于缺水嘴唇比較干(dry)。12A.pointed out Bpicked out Cgave out Dtook outD作者取出(took out)隨身攜帶的一瓶水。point out“指出，指明”；pick out“挑選”；give out“分發(fā)，發(fā)出”。13A.happiness Bpleasure Cappreciation Dwelcome C根據(jù)語境可知，女孩喝完作者遞給她的水后，應(yīng)是流露出感激的微笑。appreciation“感激，欣賞”。14A.satisfy Battain Cpromise Drealize A女孩那時的心愿是有水喝，所以作者滿足(satisfy)了她的心愿。attain“達到，獲得”；promise“承諾”；realize“實現(xiàn)”。15A.differences Bambitions Cachievements Ddonations D那一天作者再次意識到你沒有必要給予大額的捐贈(donations)來幫助他人。ambition“追求，理想”；achievement“成就”。16A.found Bdoubted Cshowed Dproved D這再次證明(proved)了作者的信仰：簡單的(simple)善舉以及這些善舉是如何給人們帶來幸福的。17A.unique Bsimple Creliable Dpolite B參見上題解析。18A.day Bfortune Cdream Dlife A參見第16題解析。make one's day“給某人帶來幸?！?。19A.hold on Bhold up Chold back Dhold down C此處作者想要表達的是下次你想幫別人時，不要猶豫。故選hold back“猶豫”。hold on“不掛斷電話，等一等”；hold up“舉起，阻擋”；hold down“壓制，保住”。20A.Take care BSpeed up CGo ahead DLook outC此處是作者鼓勵別人去做助人為樂的事。go ahead“開始吧，開始(做某事)”符合語境。take care“提防，注意”；speed up“加速”；look out“注意，當心”。- 8 -