選修6Unit 1Art李仕才一、閱讀理解AFor the growing number of Chinese heading west to work and study, there's plenty they find surprising. Upon arrival in the West, many Chinese find they have to firstly put on the brakes. Li Yifeng, raised in northern China and now based in England, agrees.“The only thing Chinese people would be shocked by in Britain is how long it takes to do things，” he says. “For instance in China if you want to open a bank account, you don't wait, you just do it at the counter.” Out­of­hours and weekend work is standard in China, but in Britain, the weekend is for family and friends. Jack Chen, who left his homeland 12 years ago and is now a lawyer in Belgium says office politics are simpler in Europe, partly because the hierarchy (等級制度) is less rigid than in China, where the boss really is the boss and social class in the office is very obvious and important. As a result, staff in a Chinese company think very carefully about how to present their views and ideas. Employees in the West can share their opinions more freely. In China you should have the wisdom to say something in an appropriate way. But in Europe you can just say what you want.The newest Chinese arrivals have a very different view to previous generations, according to Sharon Jin, who moved to the US 20 years ago and is now an American citizen. “Almost 100% of people of my generation who came to the States want to get a green card，” she says. “But today younger Chinese plan to work for 10 years here and then return to China to buy a house or look after their parents.” While a record number of 523,700 students left China to study elsewhere in 2015, roughly 70%80% of students abroad have been returning in recent years because of the attractive job market at home, according to the Chinese Ministry of Education (CME)【文章大意】以前，中國人去國外都想獲得綠卡，而現(xiàn)在他們計劃在國外工作十年以后，再回來買房或照顧父母?！倦y句分析】Jack Chen, who left his homeland 12 years ago and is now a lawyer in Belgium says office politics are simpler in Europe, partly because the hierarchy(等級制度) is less rigid than in China，where the boss really is the boss and social class in the office is very obvious and important.(第二段第一句)分析：本句含有who和where引導的定語從句以及because引導的原因狀語從句。譯文：十二年前離開了他的祖國現(xiàn)在在比利時是一名律師的Jack Chen說，辦公室政治在歐洲比較簡單，一部分是因為在那里等級制度沒有在中國嚴格，在中國老板就是老板，在辦公室的社會地位是明顯且重要的。1What do many Chinese find surprising while in Britain? AThat they drive faster than the drivers in Britain.BThat they can open a bank account at any time. CThat working extra hours in Britain is very common. DThat working pace in Britain is less fast than at home.答案與解析：D考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段的“Upon arrival in the West, many Chinese find they have to firstly put on the brakes.”以及下面的例子可知，put on the brakes本意為“剎車”，用在這里表示“放慢速度”，故選D。2It can be inferred from Paragraph 2 that _. AJack Chen has been a lawyer in Belgium for 12 years Bemployees in the West show less respect for their boss. CChinese employees are cautious when presenting ideas Dpeople in Europe express themselves in a modest way答案與解析：C考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段的“In China you should have the wisdom to say something in an appropriate way”可知，在中國員工發(fā)表意見時要謹慎。3According to CME, most students return to China because _.Ait's hard for them to get a green cardBit's easy for them to buy a house at homeCthey will have to look after their parentsDthere are more job opportunities in China答案與解析：D考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段的“roughly 70%80% of students abroad have been returning in recent years because of the attractive job market at home”可知，大多數(shù)學生選擇回國發(fā)展是因為國內有更多的就業(yè)機會。4How does the writer organize the text?ABy interviewing students abroad.BBy comparing the differences.CBy discussing some facts.DBy listing some figures.答案與解析：B考查推理判斷。根據(jù)每個段落對比的一些差異可知，應選B。BCareer criminals begin their antisocial behavior during their toddler (學步的兒童) years and may go on with a life of crime if their behavior isnt challenged, scientists have discovered. While most children grow out of their bad behavior by adulthood, a study found those who had “callous unemotional (冷漠無情的) characteristics” could grow up to have problems with the law later in life. Behavior characteristics such as a lack of sympathy and lying in childhood could have an impact years on.Luke Hyde, assistant professor of psychology at the University of Michigan, said, “These are signs for parents and doctors to watch out for, as they may signal more than just the terrible twos.” He said, “Parents both take care of their child and provide their childs genes so its been difficult to know if were seeing that parenting causes callous unemotional behaviors, or if it is just a sign of the genes being passed to the child.”The research also discovered that strict parenting is linked to the development of antisocial behavior. Scientists looked at 561 families in an adoption study that examined biological mothers antisocial behavior. The scientists found children of antisocial mothers were also more likely to exhibit the same behavior characteristics, despite having limited or no touch with them as they were adopted as babies.“The really exciting take-home message from this study is that small, day-to-day positive interactions (互動) that parents have with their young children can make a huge difference in childrens development, said Leslie Leve, a professor at the University of Oregon who co-led the data collection.“Even when children have inherited (遺傳) a very challenging set of behaviors, hearing good job or receiving encouragement can help protect them from developing serious problems coming from their inherited difficulties,” he added. The study, worked on by scientists from the University of Michigan, Penn State University and the University of Oregon has been published in the American Journal of Psychiatry. Researchers will follow the group of children through early adolescence to determine if these behaviors still continue to exist from the toddler years.1.Whats the main idea of the passage?A. Kids social behaviors are related to crime.B. Criminals begin their crimes during adolescence.C. Antisocial behaviors of kids could be on their way to a life of crime.D. Warmhearted kids are more likely to be criminals in the future.2.What conclusion might the scientists draw from the study?A. Antisocial behaviors might be inherited.B. The genes decide kids antisocial behaviors.C. Antisocial behaviors have nothing to do with crimes.D. Adopted babies surely have antisocial behaviors when they grow up.3.What can be inferred from the passage?A. Parenting is the main reason that causes kids antisocial behaviors.B. What causes career criminals to begin their crimes is their parents characteristics.C. Leslie Leve has a doubtful attitude to adoptive mothers active interactions with kids.D. Inherited antisocial behaviors of kids can be lightened by positive parenting.4.Why will researchers track kids process of growing?A. To make sure if kids behaviors will last.B. To make sure if praise will change kids.C. To determine if kids behaviors will be inherited.D. To determine if parents comfort will protect kids. 【文章大意】研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)孩子的反社會行為有可能使他們走向犯罪的道路，積極的育兒方式可以減輕孩子的反社會行為。1.C 【解析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章內容，特別是第一段中的“Career criminals begin their antisocial behavior during their toddler  years and may go on with a life of crime if their behavior isnt challenged, scientists have discovered.”可知，本文主要介紹了孩子們的反社會行為有可能使他們走向犯罪的道路，故C項正確。3.D 【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中的“Even when children have inherited (遺傳) a very challenging set of behaviors, hearing good job or receiving encouragement can help protect them from developing serious problems coming from their inherited difficulties”可知，積極的育兒教育可以減輕孩子遺傳的反社會行為，故D項正確。4.A 【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Researchers will follow the group of children through early adolescence to determine if these behaviors still continue to exist from the toddler years. ”可知，研究人員追蹤孩子的成長過程是為了弄清楚孩子的反社會行為是否會持續(xù)下去，故A項正確。二、七選五Building Trust in a Relationship AgainTrust is a learned behavior that we gain from past experiences. 1 Trust is a risk. But you cant be successful when theres a lack of trust in a relationship that results from an action where the wrongdoer takes no responsibility to fix the mistake.Unfortunately, weve all been victims of betrayal. Whether weve been stolen from, lied to, misled, or cheated on, there are different levels of losing trust. Sometimes people simply cant trust anymore. 2 Its understandable, but if youre willing to build trust in a relationship again, we have some steps you can take to get you there. 3 Having confidence in yourself will help you make better choices because you can see what the best outcome would be for your well-being. 4 If youve been betrayed, you are the victim of your circumstance. But theres a difference between being a victim and living with a victim mentality. At some point in all of our lives, well have our trust tested or violated.You didnt lose everything.Once trust is lost, what is left? Instead of looking at the situation from this hopeless angle, look at everything you still have and be thankful for all of the good in your life. 5 Instead, its a healthy way to work through the experience to allow room for positive growth and forgiveness.A. Learn to really trust yourself.B. It is putting confidence in someone.C. Stop regarding yourself as the victim.D. Remember that you can expect the best in return.E. Theyve been too badly hurt and they cant bear to let it happen again.F. This knowledge carries over in their attitude toward their future relationships.G. Seeing the positive side of things doesnt mean youre ignoring what happened.【語篇解讀】文章主要講述了人們一旦失去了信任，如何再次建立信任。1.B 【解析】根據(jù)上句信任是我們從過去的經(jīng)歷中獲取的一種行為和下句信任是一種冒險可知，此空填B，本句是對第一句話的進一步解釋：信任是信賴某人。2.E 【解析】上句有時，人們簡直無法再信任(別人)了；下句這是可以理解的，由此可推測本句應是解釋人們無法信任某人的原因。故填E。3.A 【解析】由下句對自己有信心能幫助你做出更好的選擇可知，前一句應是學會真正信任自己，故填A。4.C 【解析】由本段最后一句在我們生活中的某些時候，我們的信任會被檢驗或打破可知，此處應填C，意為不要認為自己是個受害者。5.G 【解析】副詞Instead表示轉折?？赏茰y這里應是看到事物積極的一面并不意味著你無視已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事。故填G。三、短文改錯I like travelling and my dream of visit Beijing，the capital city of our country，come true during the National Day holidays this year.In October 1st，I went to Tian'anmen Square with my parents，there we watched the flag­raising ceremony. As I watched flag rising slowly，I sang the national anthem，feeling extremely exciting.Then we went to some other famous tourist attraction，like the Great Wall.Standing on the Great Wall，I felt very proudly.I thought of the old saying that“One who fail to reach the Great Wall is not a hero.”Although I was tired，but I really had a good time.【答案】I like travelling and my dream of Beijing，the capital city of our country， true during the National Day holidays this year. October 1st，I went to Tian'anmen Square with my parents， we watched the flag­raising ceremony. As I watched flag rising slowly，I sang the national anthem，feeling extremely .Then we went to some other famous tourist ，like the Great Wall.Standing on the Great Wall，I felt very .I thought of the old saying that“One who to reach the Great Wall is not a hero.”Although I was tired，/ I really had a good time.第一處：visitvisiting?？疾閯用~。of為介詞，后接動名詞作賓語。第二處：come改為came?？疾閯釉~的時態(tài)。根據(jù)該句中的“this year”可知，該處講述的是過去發(fā)生的事情，故用一般過去時。第三處：InOn?？疾榻樵~。介詞on表示在具體的某一天。第四處：therewhere?？疾槎ㄕZ從句。根據(jù)語境可知，此處應用where引導非限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞Tian'anmen Square。第五處：flag前面加上the?？疾槎ü谠~。根據(jù)語境可知，這里的flag表特指，故用定冠詞。第六處：excitingexcited?？疾樾稳菰~。該句主語為I，修飾人，應用形容詞excited，表示“激動的，興奮的”。第七處：attractionattractions?？疾槊~的數(shù)。attraction作“吸引人的事物”講時，為可數(shù)名詞，根據(jù)該句中的some可知，此處指多個旅游景點，故用復數(shù)形式。第八處：proudlyproud。考查形容詞。該句中的感官動詞felt用作系動詞，后接形容詞。第九處：failfails?？疾閯釉~的時態(tài)和主謂一致。該句陳述的是一般情況，故用一般現(xiàn)在時；該句主語為One，為第三人稱單數(shù)，故用fails。第十處：刪除but或but改為yet。although不能和but連用，能和yet連用。補充：此處也可刪除Although，但是語意上沒有修改but好。四、語法填空As less people choose to make sugar paintings, the traditional Chinese folk craft might have become a 1 (distance) memory in some ways. However, a 38-year-old craftsman, Li Jiangzhong, is committed to 2 (keep) the art of sugar painting alive.Li worked as a miner for more than ten years. After 3 mine closed down, Li turned 4 housing decoration, until he 5 (force) to give that up due to a finger injury. Earlier this year, he discovered sugar painting, something he really had an interest in.Since there was no sugar painting craftsman in his village, he studied by 6 (he) through large quantities of videos and information on the Internet. Li loved painting when he was young, and he found it easy to learn the skill in sugar painting. He soon mastered the skill and could make a 7 (vary) of sugar paintings. A sugar painting is made with 8 (melt) brown or white sugar. Craftsman 9 (normal) paint animals and flowers on a stone board with the syrup(糖漿). When the sugar cools down, 10 appears is a piece of sugar art.【文章大意】本文是記敘文，講述38歲的李健忠回到老家繼承中國傳統(tǒng)文化，學習制作糖畫的故事，文章還說明了糖畫的制作。1.distant【解析】考查詞性轉換?？崭裉幮揎椕~memory，形容詞修飾名詞作定語，故填distant。2.keeping3.the【解析】考査冠詞。上文提到他做過十多年礦工，故此處表示他所在的礦井關閉以后，為特指，故填the。4.to【解析】考查介詞。句意：他轉而去做房屋裝修的工作了。 turn to“轉而做，轉向”是固定詞組。故填 to。5.was forced【解析】考查動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：直到他因為手指受傷而被迫放棄。此處講述過去的事情，故用一般過去時，句子的主語和force之間是被動關系，應用被動語態(tài)，且主語和是第三人稱單數(shù)。故填was forced。6.himself【解析】考查代詞。句意：由于他的村子里沒有糖畫手藝人，因此他自學制作糖畫。by oneself固定用法，表示“獨自地，全靠自己地”，故填himself。7.variety【解析】考查詞性轉換。句意：他很快掌握了這項技術并能制作出各種各樣的糖畫。a variety of“各種各樣”是固定短語，故填variety。8.melted 9.normally【解析】考查詞性轉換。句意：手藝人們通常用糖漿在石板上畫動物和花。修飾謂語動詞用副詞作狀語，故填normally。10.what【解析】考查主語從句。分析句子結構可知，空處引導主語從句，且在從句中作主語，表示“所的東西”，what引導主語從句，作主語、賓語或者表語。故填what。 9