Unit 1Art李仕才一、閱讀理解AImagine this scene: its blowing outside, and you snuggle (蜷伏) up on the sofa under a warm quilt, chatting and recalling with your closest friends.That content, cosy feeling has a name in Danish hygge. And, as Denmark recently won the title of “the happiest country in the world”, the concept of hygge is known to more and more people interested in finding ways to understand this concept.Hygge originally from a Norwegian word meaning well-being doesnt have an exact equivalent (等同物) in English. Its often translated as coziness, or as blogger Anna West told the BBC, “coziness of the soul”. But, as professor Maren Spark explains, “Hygge was never meant to be translated. It was meant to be felt.”Basically, hygge involves creating a warm, cosy atmosphere and enjoying it with your loved ones. Danish winters are long and dark and so achieving hygge is particularly relevant during this season. A typical Hygge activity during winter could be enjoying delicious homemade food and light-hearted conversation with friends preferably in the warm glow of candlelight, or maybe sipping a glass of wine in the hot tub after a day spent skiing.However, hygge isnt only limited to the cold winter months it can also describe that warm, fuzzy feeling you get after a walk through a forest with friends on summers day or a family barbecue in the park. Hygge is meant to be shared.1.The author asks the readers to imagine the scene in the first paragraph to_ .A. help the readers to calm downB. introduce the topic of the passageC. present the main idea of the passageD. remind the readers of their past memories2.What do the underlined words by Maren Spark mean?A. The translation of the word “hygge” is not good enough.B. Only Danish speakers know what “hygge” means.C. “Hygge” is easy to translate but hard to feel.D. We can get the true meaning of “hygge” by feeling it.3.Which of the following can be best described as a “hygge” activity?A. Skiing in the cold winter months.B. Living through long dark winters.C. Taking afternoon tea with friends.D. Walking alone in the forest.4.The author writes this passage to_.A. explainB. persuadeC. commentD. advertise【文章大意】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，舉例說(shuō)明丹麥語(yǔ)hygge只可意會(huì)不可言傳，需要用心去感受。1.B 【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段首句“That content, cosy feeling has a name in Danish hygge.”可知，作者讓讀者想想這樣舒適的場(chǎng)景就是為了引出hygge這一話題。2.D 【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)畫線部分前的“doesnt have an exact equivalent in English.”可知，畫線部分的意思是hygge只可意會(huì)不可言傳。4.A 【解析】寫作意圖題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，文章通過(guò)舉例說(shuō)明hygge只可意會(huì)不可言傳，所以本文是為了解釋丹麥語(yǔ)hygge的意思。B In ancient Egypt, the pharaoh(法老) treated the message runner like a prince when he arrived at the palace, if he brought good news. However, if the exhausted runner had the misfortune to bring the pharaoh unhappy news, his head was cut off. Shades of that spirit spread over today's conversations. Once a friend and I packed up some peanut butter and sandwiches for an outing. As we walked light­heartedly out of the door, picnic basket in hand, a smiling neighbor looked up at the sky and said, “Oh boy, a bad day for a picnic. The weatherman says it's going to rain.” I wanted to strike him on the face with the peanut butter and sandwiches. Not for his stupid weather report, but for his smile. Several months ago I was racing to catch a bus. As I breathlessly put my handful of cash across the Greyhound counter, the sales agent said with a broad smile, “Oh, that bus left five minutes ago.” Dreams of head­cutting! It's not the news that makes someone angry. It's the unsympathetic attitude with which it's delivered (傳遞). Everyone must give bad news from time to time, and big winners do it with the proper attitude. A doctor advising his patient that she needs an operation does it in a caring way. A boss informing an employee he fails to get the job takes on a sympathetic tone. Big winners know, when delivering any bad news, they should share the feeling of the receiver. Unfortunately, many people are not aware of this. When you're tired from a long flight, has a hotel clerk cheerfully said that your room isn't ready yet? When you had your heart set on the toasted beef, has your waiter merrily told you that he just served the last piece? It makes you as a traveler or diner want to land your fist right on their unsympathetic faces. Had my neighbor told me of the upcoming rainstorm with sympathy, I would have appreciated his warning. Had the Greyhound salesclerk sympathetically informed me that my bus had already left, I probably would have said, “Oh, that's all right. I'll catch the next one.” Big winners, when they bear bad news, deliver bombs with the emotion the bombarded (被轟炸的) person is sure to have.【文章大意】本文主要講述當(dāng)我們要告訴別人不好的消息的時(shí)候，要注意說(shuō)話的方式和語(yǔ)氣，還要帶有同情心。1. From “Dreams of head­cutting！” (Paragraph 3), we learn that the writer _. Awas reminded of the cruel pharaoh Bwas mad at the sales agent Cwished that the sales agent would have bad dreams Ddreamed of cutting the sales agent's head that night答案與解析：B'考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段的描述可知，“我”對(duì)售票員的態(tài)度很惱火。2Which of the following is true? AThe author really appreciated the neighbor's warning. BFrom the passage we know that it is the bad news that makes someone angry. CIf the runner brought to the pharaoh unhappy news, he would be treated like a prince. DWhen we want to deliver any bad news, we should share the feeling of the receiver.答案與解析：D'考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段中的“Big winners know, when delivering any bad news, they should share the feeling of the receiver.”可知，當(dāng)告訴別人不好的消息的時(shí)候，應(yīng)該帶有同情心，應(yīng)該分擔(dān)消息接收者不好的感覺(jué)。3What is the main idea of the text? AReceiving bad news requires great courage. BHelping others sincerely is the key to business success. CDelivering bad news with sympathy is important in communication. DLearning ancient traditions can be useful.答案與解析：C'考查主旨大意。本文主要告訴我們當(dāng)我們告訴別人不好的消息的時(shí)候，要注意講話的方式和態(tài)度，應(yīng)該帶有同情心，分擔(dān)別人的憂愁。4In the writer's opinion, his neighbor was _. Anot helpful Bnot considerate Cfriendly Dwarm­hearted答案與解析：B'考查推理判斷。第二段中的“As we walked light­heartedly out of the door, picnic basket in hand, a smiling neighbor looked up at the sky and said . I wanted to strike him on the face with the peanut butter and sandwiches.”以及最后一段中的“Had my neighbor told me of the upcoming rainstorm with sympathy, I would have appreciated his warning.”可知，“我”認(rèn)為鄰居沒(méi)有同情心，不能為別人考慮。故選B項(xiàng)。二、七選五Imagine that you're an actor or actress performing in a play for the first time.You've learned all your lines and you know where to walk on stage.Waiting behind the closed curtain，you can hear the audience whispering.Then your big moment arrives！The curtain goes up，and the crowd falls silent.All you can see is the spotlight shining down on you._1_ The inside of your mouth is dry，and your hands are wet.If you've experienced a moment like this，you know all too well what it means to have stage fright.It's one of the most common types of fear._2_ You can experience this kind of fear when playing sports，giving a talk，or even speaking in class._3_ The experience differs from person to person，but the same chemical process occurs on each of us.In reaction to anxiety，our bodies produce a chemical that prepares us to either fight or run away quickly.Scientists refer to this as our bodies' “fight for fright” reaction.As a result，we feel the great energy that makes our hands sweat，our hearts race and knees shake._4_ Practicing your performance and following some simple tips can help you calm down and manage the feelings caused by anxiety.Firstly，dress comfortably and appropriately.Secondly，before the performance，take deep breaths and stretch to help relax your body.Thirdly，stay away from drinks that contain caffeine(咖啡因)_5_ Instead，try a banana！Some doctors believe that eating a banana can help calm your heart and the rest of your body.Finally，when you look into a crowd，try to focus on particular people rather than the whole group.These tips have helped many people learn to deal with their fears.AThey might make your heart race even faster.BMaybe you don't have to be onstage to get stage fright.CStage fright is really part of the body's reaction to stress.DWith practice，we can learn how to relax while playing sports.EThen you try to speak your lines，but nothing seems to come out.FThere's a time when stage fright prevents you from stepping onstage.GHowever，the good news about stage fright is that there are ways to deal with it.【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要介紹了人們經(jīng)常會(huì)經(jīng)歷的舞臺(tái)恐懼及應(yīng)對(duì)舞臺(tái)恐懼的幾種方法。1E上文提到了站在舞臺(tái)上的所聽(tīng)所見(jiàn)，下文提到了舞臺(tái)恐懼的表現(xiàn)，所以中間連接句也應(yīng)是在舞臺(tái)上的表現(xiàn)，所以選E項(xiàng)。2B下文提到在參加體育運(yùn)動(dòng)、演講甚至在課堂上發(fā)言都可能會(huì)經(jīng)歷這種恐懼，所以空處應(yīng)講的是有時(shí)這種恐懼不一定只出現(xiàn)在舞臺(tái)上，所以選B項(xiàng)。3C本段講的是舞臺(tái)恐懼產(chǎn)生的過(guò)程及身體對(duì)壓力的反應(yīng)，所以空處應(yīng)該解釋舞臺(tái)恐懼與身體反應(yīng)的聯(lián)系，所以選C項(xiàng)。4G下文講的是應(yīng)對(duì)舞臺(tái)恐懼的方法，所以空處應(yīng)統(tǒng)領(lǐng)本段內(nèi)容，所以選G項(xiàng)。5A上文提到要遠(yuǎn)離含有咖啡因的飲料，下文應(yīng)該陳述原因，所以選A項(xiàng)。三、短文改錯(cuò)Challenges of life are of great importance in our grow.They remind me my days in senior high school which I joined in the military training.It was the first time I have lived away from my home，so I found it difficult to fit in.And the training officer was strict in me.I once thought I couldn't stick to the end.But anyway，I was succeeded.The trials made it much easy for me to adapt to life，but the difficulties I came across have now become a precious memory in my life.In short，learning to regard the challenges of life as the stepping stone to future success and make the best of them.【答案】Challenges of life are of great importance in our .They remind me my days in senior high school I joined in the military training.It was the first time I lived away from my home，so I found it difficult to fit in.And the training officer was strict me.I once thought I couldn't stick to the end.But anyway，I succeeded.The trials made it much for me to adapt to life， the difficulties I came across have now become a precious memory in my life.In short， to regard the challenges of life as stepping stone to future success and make the best of them.第一處：grow改為growth。考查名詞。根據(jù)空前的形容詞性物主代詞our可知，應(yīng)將grow改為growth。第二處：在me后加of。考查固定搭配。此處remind sb.of sth.意為“使某人想起某事”，為固定搭配。第三處：which改為when?？疾槎ㄕZ(yǔ)從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，senior high school后為定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞為days且從句中不缺少成分，故應(yīng)將which改為when，在句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。第四處：have改為had。考查時(shí)態(tài)。在It was the first time(that)句型中，從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，故將have改為had。第五處：in改為with?？疾楣潭ù钆洹４颂巄e strict with sb.意為“對(duì)某人嚴(yán)格”，為固定搭配。第六處：刪除was?？疾檎Z(yǔ)態(tài)。此處succeed為不及物動(dòng)詞，沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，故將was刪除。第七處：easy改為easier。考查形容詞比較級(jí)。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境及句中much可知，此處表示更加容易，故用形容詞比較級(jí)。第八處：but改為and?？疾檫B詞。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，上下文之間是順承關(guān)系，故將but改為and。第九處：learning改為learn?？疾槠硎咕?。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處是一個(gè)祈使句，與下文中的“make the best of them”構(gòu)成并列結(jié)構(gòu)，故將learning改為learn。第十處：the改為a。考查冠詞。此處表示一個(gè)墊腳石，表示泛指，且stepping的發(fā)音以輔音音素開(kāi)頭，故將the改為a。四、語(yǔ)法填空With only about 1,800 ones left in the wild, all giant pandas are precious.However, Qizai, _1_ seven­year­old panda that lives at the Foping Panda Valley in Chinas Shaanxi Province, is even more so.Thats because he is among a handful of giant pandas _2_ (know) to be the only one _3_ brown and white fur in the reserve.The 220­pound Qizai has become a superstar, and many _4_ (toy) in his color have been made.However, life has not always been easy for him.It was when he was just two months old that Qizai was abandoned by his mother.He spent his early years at the Shaanxi Rare Wildlife Rescue Center.Then he _5_ (send) to his current home, _6_ there were many other giant pandas.However, the other pandas seemed _7_ (dislike) him and often bullied (欺負(fù)) him by stealing his bamboo.Researchers are not sure why Qizai has different fur.Some assume that the brown fur is a result of a gene problem and _8_ think that it is due to climate._9_ (hopeful), scientists will be able to make a _10_ (discover) by observing Qizais children.語(yǔ)篇解讀：世界上只有1 800只野生大熊貓，因此它們彌足珍貴，而擁有棕色皮毛的大熊貓七仔則更加稀有。1a分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處_ seven­year­old panda是Qizai的同位語(yǔ)，且句中panda是單數(shù)，故填不定冠詞a，表泛指。2known句意：那是因?yàn)槲覀兌贾浪潜Ｗo(hù)區(qū)內(nèi)一群大熊貓中唯一一只有著棕白相間的毛色的大熊貓。設(shè)空處在句中作定語(yǔ)，修飾pandas，且邏輯主語(yǔ)pandas與動(dòng)詞know之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故填過(guò)去分詞known。3with句意見(jiàn)上一題解析。根據(jù)句意可知，這只大熊貓具有這樣的特征。with有“具有；帶有”的意思。故填with。4toystoy為可數(shù)名詞，其前有many修飾，故應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填toys。5was sent設(shè)空處為主句的謂語(yǔ)，send與主語(yǔ)he之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；根據(jù)上一句時(shí)態(tài)可知，此處為發(fā)生在過(guò)去的事情，故用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故填was sent。6where分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞home，從句中缺少地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，故填where。7to dislikeseem后接動(dòng)詞不定式，故填to dislike。8otherssome .others .是固定搭配，意為“一些另一些”，故填others。9Hopefully設(shè)空處在句中作評(píng)注性狀語(yǔ)，要用副詞形式。故填Hopefully。10discovery不定冠詞后接可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，故填discovery。 8