第15練 語法填空 短文改錯 書面表達題組一.語法填空1Chinaisoneoftheworldsoldestcivilizations，1.isastatelocatedinEastAsia.Chinaisrichinhistory，ancientChinesearchitecture，cultureandhascontributed2.(wide) toglobalarts.ItiscommonknowledgethatgunpowderwasfirstmadeinChina，thoughitisamisunderstanding3.theChineseuseditonlyforfestivals.Infact，theChinesehadvariousweapons4.(use) gunpowder.CalligraphyisoneofthemajorartsofChina，andhasrecentlyenteredthewesternworld.Chineseliterature5.(exist) sincearound1,000BC.ItsestablishmentmeantthattheQingdynasty，thelastdynastyinChina，cameto6.end.ThetotalpopulationofChinaismorethanonebillion.Aroundafifthoftheworldspopulation7.(live) inChina.TheChineseconsiderredastheir8.(luck) color.RedisasymbolofhappinessforthemandiscommonlyusedatChinesefestivals，weddings，birthdaysandotherfestiveoccasions.ThegiantpandaisChinasmostlovedanimal.Pandasarealsoconsideredsymbolsof9.(brave)TheGreatWallofChinaisthelongestwallintheworld,10.(build) byQinShihuang，thefirstemperorofChina.Itisthelargestengineeringprojectevercarriedoutinthehistoryofmankind.2Therelationshipbetweenparentsandchildrenhasalwaysbeenahottopic.Manystudentsmayfeel11.(stress) becauseoftheirparents.Mostparentshavegoodintentions,12.someofthemarentveryhelpfulwiththeproblemstheirsonsanddaughtershavein13.(adjust) tocollege，andafewofthemseemtogooutoftheirwaytoaddtotheirchildrens14.(difficult)Foronething，parentsareoftennotawareofthekindsofproblemstheirchildrenface.Theydontrealizethatthe15.(compete) isstronger，thattherequiredstandardsofworkare16.(high)，andthattheirchildrenmaynotbepreparedfor17.change.Theymaybeupsetbytheirchildrenspoorgrades.Attheirkindest，theymay18.(gentle) askwhyJohnorMaryisntdoingbetter，whetherheorsheistryingashardasheorshecould，andsoon.Attheirworst，theymaythreaten19.(take) theirchildrenoutofcollegeorcutofflivingexpenses.Sometimesparentsthinkitrightandnaturalthattheydetermine20.theirchildrenshoulddowiththeirlives.Theyforgetthateveryoneisdifferentandthateachpersonmustdevelopinhisorherownway.短文改錯1Itshardbeinganastronautsson.Imean，everybodyexpectsyoutobespeciallyorperfect.ButImsimpleanaveragestudent，andImaveragetoo，whenitcomestoplaybasketball，football，andbaseball.Ioftenwonderhowmyfatherneverhasasonlikeme.Hessooutstandingandhedoeswelleverything.Inhighschoolheiscaptainofthefootballteamandeditoroftheschoolnewspapers.Well，totellyouthetruth，Idohaveatalentwhatnobodyknowsabout.Iwritepoemsandstoriesorkeeptheminarednotebookinitsbottomdeskdrawer.Idreamaboutbeingafamouswriter.2ImLiHua，highschoolstudentinChina.Asa17­year­oldboy，whichlovesanimalsverymuch，Ivebeendreamingofbeingdevotingtoanimalprotection.Notsurprising，IammorethanexcitedtoknowthattheWorldAnimalProtectionwasgoingtogetsomevolunteersinChina.Therefore，Ihavenoideaoftheprocessofapplyingtotheposition，whichreallymakesmeanxious.Inadditionto，Imnotsurewhatrequirementisamustfortheadmission.Socouldyoupleasesendmethenecessaryinformations？Icantbemoregratefulforyourshelp.題組二.語法填空(2018·遼寧遼南協(xié)作校一模)Beijingwasonceacityofbikes，knownastheBicycleKingdom,1.carswerereservedforofficialbusinessandthepoliticallypowerful.However，decadesofeconomic2.(grow) ledtoahugeflowingofcarsinthecity.Owningonebecamenotjustamarkerofreachingthemiddleclassbutalsoarequirementformarriage.Astheeconomydeveloped，autospushedbikesofftheroads,3.(create) heavypollutionandmiserabletraffic.4(fortunate)，nowBeijingmaybereturningtoitsroots.Thankstoabout20technologycompanies，brightlycoloredsharedbikes5.(flood) intoBeijinginthelasttwoyears.Manylocalresidentswelcomethesharedbikes6.theflexibilityandfreedomtheyoffer.Theypickupthebikesandthenrideanddropthemoffanywheretheylike，lockingthebackwheel，withnoneed7.(find) afixedplace.AnalysesinChinasayitisthreefactorsthatcontributetobikes8.(increase) rapidly：alotofcashlookingforahome，agoodideaandgovernmentsupport.“Asthecityspopulationgrew，trafficjamsgot9.(bad)”Cai，theofospokeswoman，said，“Sharedbikescouldsolvethelastmileproblemin10.environmentallyfriendlyway.”.短文改錯Asweallknow，classisaplacewhenstudentsoughttoworkhardtorealizetheirdream.However，somestudentsdontbehaveproper，makingthingsgofrombadtobad.Forexample，somestudentssleepinclass，wastedquantitiesofprecioustime.Whatsmore，somestudentsenjoychattingwithothers.Notonlydoesitaffectontheirownstudy，anditwillinterruptotherstudents.AsfarasIamconcerned，themainreasonistheydontrealizetheimportantofstudy.Tosolvethisproblem，theyhavetoimprovetheefficiencyofstudy.Afterall，timewaitedfornoman.書面表達(2018·湖北鄂州高中三模)假定你是李華，你被自己心儀的大學(xué)錄取了。請你給你的外教MrsWilson寫封感謝信，感謝在校期間她對你的教導(dǎo)和幫助，內(nèi)容如下：1對老師的辛勤教學(xué)工作表示感謝；2感謝在校期間老師對自己的教導(dǎo)；3表達對老師的想念以及衷心祝愿。注意：1詞數(shù)100左右；2開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)；3可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。DearMrsWilson，Yours，LiHua答案解析題組一.11which考查定語從句。此處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，修飾China，且在從句中作主語。2widely考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。此處修飾動詞has contributed,故用副詞形式。3that考查名詞性從句。此處引導(dǎo)同位語從句，說明了misunderstanding的內(nèi)容，從句中不缺主語或賓語。4using考查非謂語動詞。此處作定語，the Chinese與use之間是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系。5hasexisted考查動詞的時態(tài)。根據(jù)句中的since可知，用現(xiàn)在完成時。6an考查冠詞的用法。come to an end是固定短語，意為“結(jié)束”。7live/are living考查動詞的時態(tài)。此處描述現(xiàn)在的情況，所以可用一般現(xiàn)在時或現(xiàn)在進行時。8lucky考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。此處修飾名詞，故用形容詞形式。9bravery考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。此處作介詞大寫of的賓語，故用名詞形式。10built考查非謂語動詞。此處作后置定語，the Great Wall與build之間是被動關(guān)系，故此處用過去分詞表示被動。211stressed考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。此處是作表語，故用形容詞形式。12but考查連詞的用法。句意為：大多數(shù)父母出發(fā)點是好的，但是他們的一些打算是沒有幫助的。前后表示轉(zhuǎn)折。13adjusting考查非謂語動詞。介詞in后接動名詞作賓語。14difficulties考查名詞的用法。名詞所有格后用名詞，根據(jù)該空前的their可知此處用復(fù)數(shù)形式。15competition考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。冠詞后接名詞。16higher考查形容詞比較級。根據(jù)上文的stronger可知，此處用比較級。17the考查冠詞的用法。此處特指上文提到的變化。18gently考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。此處是副詞作狀語，修飾動詞ask。19totake考查動詞固定搭配。threaten to do sth.威脅做某事。20what考查名詞性從句。句意為：他們決定他們的孩子怎樣處理生活。do with處理，與what連用。.短文改錯1Itshardbeinganastronautsson.Imean，everybodyexpectsyoutobeorperfect.ButImanaveragestudent，andImaveragetoo，whenitcomestobasketball，football，andbaseball.Ioftenwonderhowmyfatherhasasonlikeme.Hessooutstandingandhedoeswelleverything.Inhighschoolhecaptainofthefootballteamandeditoroftheschool.Well，totellyouthetruth，Idohaveatalent或whatnobodyknowsabout.Iwritepoemsandstorieskeeptheminarednotebookinbottomdeskdrawer.Idreamaboutbeingafamouswriter.2ImLiHua，highschoolstudentinChina.Asa17­year­oldboy，lovesanimalsverymuch，Ivebeendreamingofbeingtoanimalprotection.Not，IammorethanexcitedtoknowthattheWorldAnimalProtectiongoingtogetsomevolunteersinChina.，Ihavenoideaoftheprocessofapplyingtheposition，whichreallymakesmeanxious.Inadditionto，Imnotsurewhatrequirementisamustfortheadmission.Socouldyoupleasesendmethenecessary？Icantbemoregratefulforhelp.題組二.1where考查定語從句。本句是一個定語從句。先行詞為Beijing，在定語從句中作地點狀語，故填where。2growth考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。被形容詞economic修飾，作介詞of的賓語，因此要用其名詞形式，故填growth。3creating考查非謂語動詞。汽車代替了自行車，導(dǎo)致了嚴(yán)重的污染與糟糕的交通。故用現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語表示結(jié)果。4Fortunately考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。此處是副詞位于句首修飾整個句子。5haveflooded/have been flooding考查動詞的時態(tài)。根據(jù)句中的“in the last two years.”，可知用現(xiàn)在完成時或現(xiàn)在完成進行時。6for考查介詞的用法。句意為：因為它們提供的靈活和自由。介詞for在此的意思為“因為”。7tofind考查非謂語動詞。此處不定式作后置定語，修飾名詞need。8increasing考查非謂語動詞。contribute to導(dǎo)致，to為介詞，后面接動名詞作賓語。9worse考查形容詞比較級。句意為：隨著城市人口的增長，交通擁堵變得更糟，可知要用比較級。10an考查冠詞的用法。句意為：共享單車可以以一種環(huán)保的方式解決最后一英里的問題。因此表示數(shù)量“一”，environmentally是以元音音素開頭的，故填an。.Asweallknow，classisaplacestudentsoughttoworkhardtorealizetheir.However，somestudentsdontbehave，makingthingsgofrombadto.Forexample，somestudentssleepinclass，quantitiesofprecioustime.Whatsmore，somestudentsenjoychattingwithothers.Notonlydoesitaffecton theirownstudy，itwillinterruptotherstudents.AsfarasIamconcerned，themainreasonistheydontrealizetheofstudy.Tosolvethisproblem，theyhavetoimprovetheefficiencyofstudy.Afterall，timefornoman.參考范文DearMrsWilson，Imgladtowritetosharewithyoumyhappinessofbeingadmittedtocollege，whichIhavebeendreamingof.Firstly，Idliketoexpressmygratitudeforyourexcellentteachingandyourcareaswellasloveforme! Thankyouforyourencouragingwords.Itsyouwhocheeredmeup.NeverwillIforgetwhatyousaiddoorsopentotheverymanwithfullconfidenceandinstantaction.Withoutyourhelp，Icouldneverhaveenjoyedsuchajoyfulharvest.AndIreallyappreciateyourinstruction.Iwishmoreandmoreofyourstudentscouldgototheiridealcolleges.Areyoustilltoobusy？HowImissyou，mybelovedteacher! Wishyouallthebest!Yours，LiHua8